30/09/2014

1
FORCES & MOMENTS
Resolving Forces in a Plane Into Rectangular Components Unit Vector Approach
The force is expressed as a product of its magnitude and its unit vector.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS
# 51
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= =

F
F
j F i F
y x
yj
F
y x
xi
F
y x
yj xi
F F F
x
x
1
2 2 2 2
2 2
cos


u

u
y
x
F
i
j
FORCES & MOMENTS
Resolving Forces in Space Into Rectangular Components Unit Vector Approach
For 3-Dimensions,
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 52
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= =

F
F
k F j F i F
z y x
zk yj xi
F F F
y
y
1
2 2 2
cos

u

j
k
i
F
|
y
u
A
B
O
C
x
z
y
30/09/2014
2
Example 2.6
Find the components of the forces shown using the unit vector approach.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 53
FORCES & MOMENTS
560 480
900
600
800
x
y
800 N
424 N
400 N
Example 2.6-Solution
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 54
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= =
2 2
3
2 2
2
2 2
1
2 2
900 480
900 480
400
360 224
900 560
900 560
424
480 640
1000
600
. 800
1000
800
. 800
600 800
600 800
800
j i
F
j i
j i
F
j i
j i j i
F
y x
yj xi
F F F

FORCES & MOMENTS

560 480
900
600
800
x
y
800 N
424 N
400 N
30/09/2014
3
Example
The cable stays AB and AD help support pole AC. Knowing that the tension is 120 N in AB and
40 N in AD, determine the components of the forces in the stays using the force unit vector
approach.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS
# 55
10 cm
6 cm 8 cm
FORCES & MOMENTS
Example 2.8
A rectangular plate is supported by three cables as shown. Knowing that the tension in
cables AC, AB and AD are 60 N, 80 N and 90 N respectively, determine the components of
the force being exerted at C, B and D.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 56
FORCES & MOMENTS
30/09/2014
4
Example 2.7
A transmission tower is held by three guy wired anchored by bolts B, C and D. If the tension in
wire AD is 315 lb, determine the components of the force exerted by the wire on the bolt at D.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 57
FORCES & MOMENTS
Resultants by Summing Components
Sum all like components to get the components of the resultant.
FORCES & MOMENTS
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 58
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+ = + =

R
R
R R R
j S Q P i S Q P R
F F R R R
x
x
y x
y y y x x x
y x y x
1
2 2
cos
direction; the And
by; given is Force Resultant the of magnitude The
) ( ) (
u


P
x
i
x
y
P
S
Q
P
y
j
Q
x
i
Q
y
j
S
y
j
S
x
i
30/09/2014
5
FORCES & MOMENTS
Resultants by Summing Components
Like components are summed to obtain the components of the resultant.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 59
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+ + = + + =
+ + + + + + + + =
+ + + + + + + + =
+ + = + + =


R
R
R
R
R
R
R R R R R R R
k S Q P j S Q P i S Q P R
S Q P S Q P S Q P R
F F F R R R R
z
z
y
y
x
x
k j i z y x
z z z y y y x x x
z y x z y x
1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2 2
cos , cos , cos
direction; the And
by; given is Force Resultant the of magnitude The
) ( ) ( ) (
OR
) ( ) ( ) (
u u u

Example
Find components of the forces shown using the unit vector approach.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 60
FORCES & MOMENTS
560 480
900
600
800
x
y
800 N
424 N
400 N
30/09/2014
6
Example Solution
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 61
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3
2 2
2
2 2
1
2 2
F Resultant, the of magnitude The
F Resultant,
900 480
900 480
400
360 224
900 560
900 560
424
480 640
1000
600
. 800
1000
800
. 800
600 800
600 800
800


+ =
= + =
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=
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=
+ = + =
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\
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=
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\
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+
+
= =
Fj Fi
Fj Fi
j i
F
j i
j i
F
j i
j i j i
F
y x
yj xi
F F F

FORCES & MOMENTS

560 480
900
600
800
x
y
F
1
=800 N
F
2
=424 N
F
3
=400 N
Example
The cable stays AB and AD help support pole AC. Knowing that the tension is 120 N in AB and
40 N in AD, determine the magnitude and direction of the resultant of the forces exerted by the
stays at A.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS
# 62
10 cm
6 cm 8 cm
FORCES & MOMENTS
30/09/2014
7
Example - Solution
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS
# 63
FORCES & MOMENTS
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= =
= + =
= + =
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
+ =


96 . 139
43 . 54
cos cos
N 96 . 139 ) 94 . 128 ( 43 . 54 (
94 . 128 43 . 54 ) 65 . 93 29 . 35 ( ) 03 . 75 6 . 20 (
N 65 . 3 9 7 . 38 cos 120 cos
N 03 . 75 7 . 38 sin 120 sin
N 34.29 31 cos 40 cos
N 6 . 20 31 sin 40 sin
1 1
2 2
o
2 2
o
2 2
o
1 1
o
1 1
F
F
F
F
F F
F F
F F
F F
F F F
x
x
y x y x
y
x
y
x
y x
u
u
u
u
u

o
38.7
o
31 N 40 F
2
=
N 20 1 F
1
=
A
B D
Example
The guy cables AB and AC are attached to the top of the transmission tower. The tension in the
cable AC is 8 kN and that of AB is 5 kN. Determine the magnitude R of the resultant of the
forces.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS
# 64
FORCES & MOMENTS
30/09/2014
8
Example
The two structural, one of which is in tension and other in compression, exert the indicated
forces on joint O. determine the magnitude of the resultant R of the two forces and the angle
which R makes with the positive x-axis.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS
# 65
FORCES & MOMENTS
Example
Determine the components of the forces shown of the resultant force acting on the point O
and its direction measured from the x - axis.
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 66
FORCES & MOMENTS
y
z
x
750 N
35
o
25
o
900 N
65
o
20
o
30/09/2014
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Solution
DDEK/2014/ ME 161 - BASIC MECHANICS # 67
o o
o 1 1
2 2 2
2
2
2
1
1
1
7 . 69 7 . 22
4 . 80
25 . 1550
79 . 259
cos cos
N 25 . 1550 ) 22 . 539 ( ) 04 . 1430 ( 79 . 259 (
22 . 539 04 . 1430 79 . 259
) 42 . 357 8 . 181 ( ) 68 . 815 36 . 614 ( ) 09 . 130 88 . 389 (
N 42 . 357
N 09 . 130
N 68 . 815
N 8 . 181
N 88 . 389
N 36 . 614
Recall
= =
= |
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=
= + + =
+ + =
+ + + + =
+ + =
=
=
=
=
=
=


z y
x
x
z y x
z y x
z y x
z
x
y
z
x
y
F
F
F
F F F F
F
F
F
F
F
F
u u
u

FORCES & MOMENTS