Isa 71.03 1995 PDF

Environmental Conditions
for Process Measurement

and Control Systems:
Mechanical Influences
Approved 12 January 1995
ANSI/ISAS71.031995

AMERI CAN NATI ONAL STANDARD
COPYRIGHT 2000 Instrument Society of America
Information Handling Services, 2000
Copyright 1995 by the Instrument Society of America. All rights reserved. Printed in the United
States of America. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or
otherwise), without the prior written permission of the publisher.
ISA
67 Alexander Drive
P.O. Box 12277
Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709
ANSI/ISA-S71.03, Environmental Conditions for Process Measurement and Control Systems:
Mechanical Influences
ISBN: 1-55617-576-0
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 3
Preface
This preface, as well as all footnotes and annexes, is included for informational purposes only
and is not part of ANSI/ISA-S71.03.
This standard has been prepared as part of the service of ISA, the international society for
measurement and control, toward a goal of uniformity in the field of instrumentation. To be of real
value, this document should not be static but should be subject to periodic review. Toward this
end, the Society welcomes all comments and criticisms and asks that they be addressed to the
Secretary, Standards and Practices Board; ISA; 67 Alexander Drive; P. O. Box 12277; Research
Triangle Park, NC 27709; Telephone (919) 990-9227; Fax (919) 549-8288; e-mail:
standards@isa.org.
The ISA Standards and Practices Department is aware of the growing need for attention to the
metric system of units in general, and the International System of Units (SI) in particular, in the
preparation of instrumentation standards, recommended practices, and technical reports. The
Department is further aware of the benefits to USA users of ISA standards of incorporating
suitable references to the SI (and the metric system) in their business and professional dealings
with other countries. Toward this end, this Department will endeavor to introduce SI-acceptable
metric units in all new and revised standards to the greatest extent possible. The Metric Practice
Guide, which has been published by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers as
ANSI/IEEE Std. 268-1992, and future revisions, will be the reference guide for definitions,
symbols, abbreviations, and conversion factors.
It is the policy of ISA to encourage and welcome the participation of all concerned individuals and
interests in the development of ISA standards. Participation in the ISA standards-making
process by an individual in no way constitutes endorsement by the employer of that individual, of
ISA, or of any of the standards, recommended practices, and technical reports that ISA develops.
This document is one of several standards that address various environmental conditions
affecting process measurement and control systems. In developing this standard, the committee
goals included the following:
1) To provide a practical standard that can be applied with a minimum of research and
technical effort by the user.
2) To provide a concise method of stating environmental classifications for convenient
communications between all users of the standard.
3) To cover real-world ranges of each classified parameter.
The following people served as members of ISA Committee SP71:
NAME COMPANY
K. Gulick, Chairman Digital Equipment Corporation
*M. Zielinski, Managing Director FisherRosemount
D. Boyle Consultant
*One vote per company
4 ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995
NAME COMPANY
*D. Brown FisherRosemount
R. Calcavecchio Consultant
R. Cowles Union Camp Corporation
E. Demers Foxboro Company
L. Falat Westvaco Technical Center
R. Funwela U.S. Steel
M. Hopkins KeyTek Instrument Corporation
M. Huza Flanders/FCP Microenvironmental
E. Lee U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Agency
L. Leonard Consultant
T. Mallory Power Safety International
C. Muller Purafil, Inc.
A. Perkins Rhorback Cosasco Systems
J. Saine Weyerhaeuser Company
*T. Schey Allen-Bradley Company
T. Shelton Westvaco Corporation
K. Stickrod ABB
*R. Turk Allen-Bradley Company
J. Vajda Modicon, Inc.
*C. Yi FisherRosemount
This standard was approved for publication by the ISA Standards and Practices Board on
January 2, 1995.
NAME COMPANY
M. Widmeyer, Vice President Washington Public Power Supply System
H. Baumann H. D. Baumann, Inc.
D. Bishop Chevron USA Production Company
P. Brett Honeywell, Inc.
W. Calder III Calder Enterprises
H. Dammeyer Phoenix Industries, Inc.
R. Dieck Pratt & Whitney
H. Hopkins Utility Products of Arizona
A. Iverson Lyondell Petrochemical Company
K. Lindner Endress + Hauser GmbH + Company
T. McAvinew Metro Wastewater Reclamation District
A. McCauley, Jr. Chagrin Valley Controls, Inc.
G. McFarland Honeywell Industrial Automation & Control
J. Mock Consultant
E. Montgomery Fluor Daniel, Inc.
D. Rapley Rapley Engineering Services
R. Reimer Allen-Bradley Company
R. Webb Pacific Gas & Electric Company
W. Weidman Consultant
J. Weiss Electric Power Research Institute
*One vote per company
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 5
NAME COMPANY
J. Whetstone National Institute of Standards & Technology
C. Williams Eastman Kodak Company
G. Wood Graeme Wood Consulting
M. Zielinski FisherRosemount
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 7
Contents
1 Purpose ................................................................................................................................... 9
2 Scope ...................................................................................................................................... 9
3 Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 9
4 Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 10
5 Location classification ........................................................................................................ 10
5.1 Explanation of instrument locations and mechanical influence classes ..................... 10
5.2 Instrument locations ................................................................................................... 11
5.3 Class of mechanical influence .................................................................................... 11
6 Example of intended usage ................................................................................................ 13
Annex
A Vibration test program........................................................................................................ 15
Tables
1 Vibration ............................................................................................................................. 12
2 Shock ................................................................................................................................. 12
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 9
1 Purpose
The purpose of this standard is to classify mechanical influences that may affect process
measurement and control instruments, in order to provide users and manufacturers of the
instruments with a means of specifying the class of mechanical influences to which a specified
instrument may be exposed.
This document is one of a series of standards on environmental conditions for process
measurement and control systems.
2 Scope
2.1 This standard encompasses mechanical influences, specifically shock and vibration, for
industrial process measurement and control systems. Specifications for other environmental con-
ditions, including seismic and transportation, are beyond the scope of this standard.
2.2 This standard establishes mechanical influence classes for non-mobile installations, and
includes storage.
2.3 The classes of environmental conditions that are specified in this standard are suitable for
process instrumentation. The classes, which include design, manufacturing, sales, installation,
test, use, and maintenance, serve as a guide to establish requirements for environmental control
of buildings or other protective housings for industrial process measurements and control systems.
2.4 These classifications pertain only to the environment external to the instrument that may affect
the instrument externally or internally.
2.5 The effects of environmental conditions on the safety, comfort, and performance of operating
and maintenance personnel are not considered in this standard.
This standard is limited to vibration and shock only, covering mechanical influences that affect
industrial measurement and control systems.
3 Introduction
3.1 Normal operating conditions for vibration have been established according to the type of
location. Within each classification, severity levels have been established. Parameter limit values
are tabulated for each classification and severity level of the location. These values are shown in
Table 1 of this standard. The classification consists of a class location letter, followed by a severity
identification numeral.
10 ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995
Example:
Normal operating conditions, vibration classification A2, would represent a class A location and level 2
severity.
3.2 Normal operating conditions for shock have been established according to the type of equip-
ment location. Within each classification, severity levels have been established based on equip-
ment weight. Parameter limit values are tabulated for each classification and severity level of the
location. These values are shown in Table 2 of this standard. The classification consists of a class
location letter, followed by a severity identification numeral.
Example:
Normal operating conditions, shock classification B1, would represent a class B location and level 1
severity.
3.3 Storage and handling conditions are specified with the equipment not powered, but stored
and handled outside of its normal operating environment. Vibration and shock can be specified
by using the classifications as described.
Example:
Storage and handling conditions, vibration class C3, would represent a class C location and a level 3
severity; shock class C1 would represent a class C location and a level 1 severity.
4 Definitions
4.1 operating conditions, normal: The range of operating conditions within which an instrument
is designed to operate and for which operating influences are stated.
4.2 storage conditions: The conditions to which an instrument may be subjected prior to
installation. Also included are the conditions that may exist during shutdown. No permanent
physical damage or impairment of operating characteristics shall take place under these conditions.
5 Location classification
5.1 Explanation of instrument locations and mechanical influence classes
A broad distribution of shock and vibration levels exists within industries that use process
measurement and control equipment. Each of these levels may produce an effect that ranges
between insignificant and catastrophic. The effects of shock and vibration depend on the type of
equipment, method of application, and frequency of occurrence. They are also influenced
by external factors such as temperature and corrosion. See ANSI/ISA-S71.01 and
ANSI/ISA-S71.04 standards for Environmental Conditions for Process Measurement and
Control Systems.
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 11
Table 1 is set up in such a way as to classify exposures by environment type and frequency-
acceleration response, as described in Annex A.
5.2 Instrument locations
5.2.1 Environment "A" locations, defined as controlled mechanical influence environments, are
those areas usually provided for sensitive process measurement and control systems that require
a controlled environment.
5.2.2 Environment "B" locations, defined as uncontrolled mechanical influence environments, are
process measurement and control system areas outside the controlled environment but not affected
directly by the process.
5.2.3 Environment "C" locations, defined as uncontrolled mechanical influence environments, are
process measurement and control system areas outside of the controlled area that are directly
affected by the process.
5.3 Class of mechanical influence
5.3.1 Class 1, low severity
This designation applies to an environment that is within the 90th percentile of the data recorded,
as described in Annex A.
5.3.2 Class 2, moderate severity
5.3.3 Class 3, harsh severity
5.3.4 Class X, severe
This designation applies to an environment in which the mechanical influence causes total and
unrecoverable loss of the use of an essential function. In this environment, the limit exceeds the
99th percentile of the data recorded and described in Annex A or is subject to negotiation
between user and supplier.
12 ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995
Table 1 Vibration
1
Refer to Annex A.
2
See 5.2 for definition of operating environment.
3
See 5.3 for definition of mechanical influence.
4
See 5.3 for percentile occurrence classification.
5
Constant acceleration measured in meters m/sec2. Divide by 9.81 to get acceleration in g's (based on value of g
at sea level: g=9.81 m/sec
2
.)
6
Peak displacement measured in millimeters (mm).
7
Use peak displacement (s) below 8 Hz to 9 Hz. Use constant acceleration (a) above 8 Hz to 9 Hz.
8
TBS = To Be Specified.
Table 2 Shock
1
TBS = To Be Specified
2
Not to exceed values listed
Operation vibration classes, percentiles, and environment
(1, 3, 7)
Environment
2
Class
3
/Percentile
4
1/90th 2/95th 3/99th X/Special
Constant acceleration
5
/Peak displacement
6
VA 1.0/0.35 2.0/0.75 5.0/1.6 TBS
8
VB 2.0/0.75 5.0/1.6 10.0/3.5 TBS
VC 10.0/3.5 20.0/7.5 50.0/16.0 TBS
Weight (kg) Environment Class
Free fall
Height
(cm)
1/2 sine
acceleration
2

(m/sec
2
)
< 100 SA
1
x
60
TBS
1
250
TBS
100 - 200 SB
1
x
45
TBS
70
TBS
> 200 SC
1
x
30
TBS
20
TBS
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 13
6 Example of intended usage
6.1 The manufacturer and/or user should specify the system performance in a stated environ-
mental class. The following example shows how a manufacturer or user might specify several sets
of environmental classes for operating or maintaining the same system.
Example 1
Conditions Shock and vibration class
Normal operating conditions, vibrations VA2
Normal operating conditions, shock SB1
Storage and handling VC3
SC1
This example might be used by an instrument manufacturer to indicate the following:
a) The system is designed to operate within a control room type of environment with a
maximum indicated vibration mechanical influence class 2.
b) The system is designed to operate at shock levels normally experienced by equipment
located on the shop floor with a maximum indicated limit mechanical influence class 1.
c) The system can be stored and handled with a vibration maximum indicated limit listed
as class 3 and a shock maximum indicated limit listed as class 1.
ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995 15
Annex A Vibration test program
A.1 Introduction
In the preparation of this series of standards that deal with environmental conditions for process
measurement and control systems, it was determined that insufficient data were available to
describe the vibration levels of operating instrumentation. Therefore, in conjunction with the
preparation of this standard, a study was conducted to gather vibration information through the
process industry in the United States and Canada. The data gathered were used to establish the
vibration tables of this standard.
NOTE All raw test data used in the preparation of this standard are the property of ISA.
The vibration analyzer that was purchased for this study is normally used on rotating machinery.
After each series of tests, the analyzer was recalibrated to assure repeatability.
A.2 Testing procedure
A.2.1 Test equipment
The accelerometer of the vibration analyzer was mounted to a magnet and was sensitive in the
direction perpendicular to the force of the magnet. Measurements were taken on three planes for
each location where equipment would normally be mounted. Peak acceleration was recorded for
frequency ranges of 0-100 Hz and 0-2000 Hz.
The field data were then processed to generate frequency-acceleration graphs and show the
99th, 95th, and 90th percentiles for all the data collected in this program.
A.2.2 Surfaces to be tested
A device measurement requires that the vibration levels be recorded in three different directions.
The accelerometer was mounted:
a) perpendicular to the mounting surface;
b) parallel to the mounting surface; and
c) perpendicular to the first two positions.
A.2.3 Testing procedure
After mounting the accelerometer, the test chart was placed in the platen, the battery level was
checked, the range switch was set to 2000 Hz, and the test was started. The test was completed
in about one minute. If any information existed in the 0-200 Hz range, the pen color was
changed, the range switched to 200 Hz, and the test run again.
The test was repeated with the accelerometer placed in each of the positions listed in 2.2 above.
16 ANSI/ISA-S71.03-1995
A.2.4 Documentation of data
In addition to specific test technician, date, and other relevant information, the following data
were collected for each test.
A.2.4.1 Process description: Identify industry and process as petroleum, pulp and paper, steel,
mining, etc.
A.2.4.2 Type: Identify application and instrument as temperature, pressure, flow, level, computer,
etc.
A.2.4.3 Type of mounting: State type and description such as pipe, floor, panel, rack, etc.
A.2.4.4 Location Environmental: Specify exposed, sheltered, control room.
A.2.4.5 Remarks: Describe anything that may have significantly influenced the test or the analysis
of its results (e.g., truck passing during test).
Developing and promulgating technically sound consensus standards,
recommended practices, and technical reports is one of ISA's primary
goals. To achieve this goal the Standards and Practices Department
relies on the technical expertise and efforts of volunteer committee
members, chairmen, and reviewers.
ISA is an American National Standards Institute (ANSI) accredited
organization. ISA administers United States Technical Advisory
Groups (USTAGs) and provides secretariat support for International
Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) committees that develop process measurement
and control standards. To obtain additional information on the
Society's standards program, please write:
ISA
Attn: Standards Department
67 Alexander Drive
P.O. Box 12277
Research Triangle Park, NC 27709
ISBN: 1-55617-576-0

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