Bacteria:

Streptococcus pneumoniae
Predisposing
Factors
Modifiable:
Bed ridden. Unable to turn.
Development of bacteria
Non- Modifiable:
Age (!" # $e% (Female"# &ip Fracture#
&istor' of (olon (ancer
)ea* immune s'stem.
&istor' of colon cancer
Hip fracture. Bed ridden. Unable to
turn. Growth and development of
Streptococcus pneumoniae
+rganism enters t,e respirator' tract t,roug,
inspiration-aspiration
Acute inflammation occurs t,at causes e%cess
.ater and plasma proteins go to t,e
dependent areas of t,e lo.er lobes
(ommunit' Ac/uired
Pneumonia
0B(s# fibrin# and pol'morp,onuclear
leu*oc'tes infiltrate t,e alveoli
$tage of gra' ,epati1ation:
2,e decrease in number of 0B( in t,e
e%udates is replaced b' neutrop,ils3 .,ic,
infiltrate t,e alveoli ma*ing t,e lung tissue to
$tage of red ,epati1ation:
(oagulation of e%udates occurs resulting to
t,e red appearance of t,e affected lung
Proliferation and rapid spread of organism
t,roug, t,e lobe
$tage of congestion:
4ngorgement of alveolar spaces .it, fluid
and ,emorr,agic e%udates
(onsolidation of leu*oc'tes and fibrin .it,in
t,e affected area
(ontainment of t,e bacteria .it,in t,e
segments of pulmonar' lobes b' cellular
recruitment
PNEUMONIA
Complained of difficulty of breathing, patient had
productive cough, hee!ing sounds in the lungs,
crac"les in the lungs.
Cough, #yspnea, Chills, $ever, %omiting, Chest pain or
angina, Cyanosis , &oss of 'ppetite, Crac"ling and
bubbling sounds in the chest during inhalation are usually
indicators of pneumonia. hee!ing may also be present.
(Community Acquired Pneumonia 2007, Welte)
Cough (with mucus*li"e, greenish, or pus*li"e sputum chills
with sha"ing ), fever, easy fatigue, chest pain (sharp or
stabbing increased by deep breathing or increased
by coughing), headache, loss of appetite, nausea and
vomiting, general discomfort, uneasiness, or ill feeling
(malaise), +oint stiffness (rare), muscular
stiffness (rare), rales (Pathophysiology 6
th

edition, McCance et.al) ,eople with infectious pneumonia
often have a productive cough, fever accompanied
by sha"ing chills, shortness of breath, sharp or
stabbing chest pain during deep breaths, and an
increased respiratory rate. (Pneumonia: update on
diagnosis and management 2006, oare !" #im W$)
Diagnostic Test:
(,est %-ra'
Surgery:
n-a
Medication
Management:
Medicines prescribed:
(ombivent
Meropenem
(arbocisteine
Nursing Intervention:
Assess Vital Signs
especially
Respiratory Status
Monitor breath
sounds note
changes in sputum
production
Maintain adequate
fuid intake
Appropriate diet as
ordered by the
physician
Coughing and deep
breathing e-ercise
Chest ,hysiotherapy