THE INDIAN ENGINEERING COLLEGE,

VADAKKANKULAM
DEPARTMENT OF MANAGEMENT STUDIES
BA 966 INDUSTRIAL RELATION AND LABOUR WELFARE
1. Define Labour Welfare ?
The voluntary efforts of the employers to establish, within the existing inustrial system,
wor!ing an sometimes, living an "ultural "onitions of the employees beyon what is
re#uire by law, the "ustom of the "ountry an the "onitions of the mar!et.
.
$. What o you mean by %on"iliation?
%on"iliation is the important metho for the prevention an settlement of inustrial
isputes through thir party intervention.
&. Des"ribe important #ualities of "on"iliator?
%on"iliator shoul be physi"ally an psy"hologi"al fit, he must be honest polite, ta"tful,
self'"onfient, even'tempere an patient in trying to a"hieve results.
(. )in out various roles of "on"iliator?
Dis"ussion leaer, safety valve, innovator prote"tor, stimulator, aviser, fa"e saver.
*. Distinguish +rbitration an ,eiation?
+rbitration is a -ui"ial pro"ess, while meiation has a legislative tinge. The awar of the
arbitrator rests on e#uity an -usti"e. While "ompromise is the essen"e of meiation.
6. What are the types of arbitration?
.oluntary arbitration, "ompulsory arbitration.
/. Des"ribe any two #ualifi"ation of arbitrators?
0nowlege of "olle"tive bargaining, maintenan"e of harmonious labour management
relations.
1. Define +-ui"ation ?
+-ui"ation involves intervention in the ispute by a thir party appointe by the
government for the purpose of e"iing the nature of final settlement.
9. What o you mean by three'tier system of a-ui"ation?
Labour "ourts, 2nustrial tribunals, 3ational Tribunals.
14. Define 5 ,eiation
,eiation is the an"ient art of the pea"e'ma!er.
11. What o you mean by intra'mural a"tivities?
Welfare s"hemes provie within the fa"tories.
1$. What o you mean by extra mural a"tivities?
Welfare fa"ilities provie outsie the fa"tory.
1&. Define +gri"ultural labour
+gri"ultural labourers are persons who are engage in wor! relating to agri"ulture.
1(. What o you mean by inustrial 6elation?
The term inustrial relations "ommonly enotes 7employee'employer relations8, in both
organi9e an unorgani9e se"tors of the e"onomy.
1*. What o you mean by inustrial ispute?
2nustrial ispute ientify the ifferen"e between employers an wor!ers.
16. Define :tri!e?
+ temporary "essation of wor! by a group of employees in orer to express their
grievan"e or to enfor"e a eman "on"erning "hanges in wor! "onitions.
1/. Define ;i"!eting?
;i"!eting implies mar"hing or patrolling of wor!men in front of the premises of the
employer, "arrying an isplaying signs, banners an pla"ars for the purpose of preventing
others from entering the pla"e.
11. Des"ribe ifferent types of stri!e?
:tay away stri!e, sit'own an stay'in stri!e tools'own stri!e, to!en stri!e, lightning
stri!e, go'slow, pi"!eting an boy"ott, <haros, =unger stri!e, :ympatheti" stri!e.
19. Define lo"! out
Lo"! out refers to the a"tion of an employer in temporarily "losing own or shutting
own the unerta!ing.
$4. Define lightning stri!e
This type of stri!e is suenly announ"e, generally by way of surprise without noti"e or
at very short noti"e, an thereafter the issues in isputes are is"usse.
$1. Define sympatheti" stri!e
2n this type of stri!e the stri!ing wor!men have no emans or grievan"es of their own
against their employer but they may go on stri!e for the purpose of ire"tly aiing or
supporting others in their "ause.
$$. Define labour welfare wor!
The voluntary efforts of the employers establish, within the existing inustrial system,
wor!ing an sometimes, living an "ultural "onitions of the employees beyon what is
re#uire by law, the "ustom of the "ountry an the "onitions of the mar!et.
$&. Define "ontra"t labour
The "ontra"t labour is labour whi"h is not "arrie on the payroll an is not ire"tly pai
$(. What o you mean by wor!ers >u"ation?
Wor!ers eu"ation helps a wor!er to solve his problems not as an iniviual but is a
member of his so"ial "lass.
$*. Des"ribe any two ob-e"tive of wor!ers eu"ation.
i? To evelop the wor!er for goo an respe"table "ivi" life.
ii? To enable the wor!er to reali9e the purpose of human life an raise him to the
height of a"hievement.
$6. Des"ribe some important wor!ers training programmes
1. %raftsmen8s Training ;rogramme
$. %raft 2nstru"tor8s Training
&. +van"e vo"ational Training
(. )oreman8s Training
*. +pprenti"eship Training :"heme
6. ;art'Time Training for 2nustrial wor!ers.
/. .o"ational Training ;rogramme for women.
$/. Define <heras
<heras is a physi"al blo"!ae of target by en"ir"lement, intene to blo"! the egress an
ingress from an to a parti"ular offi"e, wor!shop, fa"tory or resien"e or for"ible o""upation.
$1. Define =unger :tri!e
+ hunger stri!e is resorte by leaers of the union or by some wor!ers, for a limite
perio, the purpose being to "reate sympathy of the employer an to attra"t the attention of
the publi".
$9. Define stay away stri!e
2n this type of stri!e, wor!men simply o not "ome to the wor! pla"e uring the
pres"ribe wor!ing hours. They organi9e rallies an emonstrations with a view to rawing
the attention of the employer
&4. Define Tools'Down stri!e
The stri!ers lay own their tools or pen.
&1. Des"ribe basi" reason for the "auses of inustrial ispute
i? Wages an allowan"es @ii? Aonus.
&$. Write any four prin"iples of "oe of "onu"t.
1. >very employee in inustry or unit shall have the freeom an right to -oin a union of
his "hoi"e.
$. There shall be no ual member ship of unions.
&. There shall be regular an emo"rati" ele"tions of exe"utive boies.
(. %asteism, "ommunalism an provin"ialism shall be es"hewe by all unions.
&&. What o you mean by "ontra"t labour
%ontra"t labour is labour whi"h is not "arrie on the pay roll an is not ire"tly pai.
&(. Write own any two avantages to the employer in employing "ontra"t labour
i? ;rou"tion at lowest "ost
ii? <eneral reu"tion in overhea "osts an the aministrative buren of maintaining
an establishment.
&*. Define trae union
Trae union is a "ontinuous asso"iation of wage earners for the purpose of maintaining
an improving the "onitions of their wor!ing lives.
&6. Des"ribe, few general features of trae union
i? Labour unions are relatively permanent asso"iation of wor!ers an are not
temporary or "asual.
ii? + trae union is an asso"iation of wor!ers who are engage in se"uring e"onomi"
benefits for its members.
iii? The "hara"ter of trae unions has been "onstantly "hanging.
&/. Write own basi" reasons for the importan"e of inustrial health?
,alnutrition, ;oor :anitary "onitions an environmental pollutions li!e ex"essive
smo!e, soun an ust an heat.
&1. Write own the various fa"tors for the "auses of absenteeism.
Brgani9ational fa"tors, >nvironmental fa"tors, ;ersonality fa"tors.
&9. Write own some basi" steps ta!en to prevent the a""ients?
6eu"e unsafe "onitions, 6eu"e unsafe a"ts.
(4. Write own some safety eu"ation an training programmes to prevent a""ients.
i? ;rovie safety training to employee to ma!e them !nown how to operate safety
e#uipments li!e fire extinguishers.
ii? Cse proper an ae#uate training for operating ma"hinesDplants.
iii? Brganise safety "ontest an safety awars.
(1. Write own some safety enfor"ement to prevent a""ient?
i? ;ubli" rules an regulations on safety
ii? ;revent unauthori9e operations of ma"hines.
($. Write own some safety engineering methos to prevent a""ients.
i? ;roper esign of lay out an wor! station.
ii? ;roper sele"tion of ma"hine
iii? ;roper illumination an ventilation.
(&. Who is responsible for safety?
,anagement is primarily responsible for safety.
((. Write own the importan"e of o""upational safety an health.
These are ne"essary for them to formulate "orre"t poli"ies in regar to inustrial safety
whi"h is "ommensurate with international stanar "ompatible with national poli"es an at
the same time, meet the organi9ation ob-e"tives of profit an personal satisfa"tion.
(*. Write own some important safety poli"ies?
1. Development of s"ientifi" management.
$. 2mpa"t of labour moment
&. >na"tment of legislative measure ta!en by ifferent governments.
(6. Write own some s"ope of personal resear"h on inustrial health in 2nia
+bsenteeism, +l"oholism, +""ients, -ob satisfa"tion, %hil Labour.
(/. Write own some important legislative measures provie for the welfare of women
wor!ers?
1. ,aternity ;rote"tion +"t 1919
$. 3ight wor! +"t 1919
&. Cnergroun wor! +"t 19&*
(. >#ual remuneration +"t 19*1
*. Dis"rimination @>mployment an B""upation? +"t 19*1.
(1. Write own some important benefits provie for the benefits of women wor!ers in 2nia ?
,aternity benefit, >mployment uring night, hours of wor!, lighting of weight bathing
an washing fa"ilities, "rE"hes.
(9. Write own the iffi"ulties fa"e by the women wor!ers in 2nia?
6estri"te mobility, inae#uate training an housing fa"ilities.
*4. Write the reasons for the "ause of "hil labour?
The absen"e of eu"ational fa"ilities an the low level of earning of the parents, "hilren
are "ompelle to a""ept employment.
*1. Write own the !ins of agri"ultural laborers?
1. Lanless agri"ultural labour
$. .ery small "ultivators.
*$. Write own important problems of agri"ulture labours?
2nebteness, seasonality in employment.
*&. Write own some important programmes for the improvement of agri"ulture labour?
i? 3ational 6ural >mployment ;rogramme.
ii? Training of 6ural Fouth for :elf'>mployment.
iii? :mall )armers Development +gen"ies.
iv? Tribal Development +gen"ies
v? 2ntegrate 6ural Development ;rogramme
*(. Define :o"ial :e"urity?
:o"ial se"urity may be efine as prote"tion provie by the so"iety to its members
against proviential mishaps over whi"h a man has no "ontrol.
**. What o you mean by so"ial assistan"e?
:o"ial assistan"e programmes "over programmes li!e unemployment assistan"e, ol age
assistan"e an national assistan"e.
*6. Write own some important "hara"teristi"s of so"ial assistan"e.
i? :o"ial assistan"e is to meet the minimum reas of the persons of small means.
ii? The benefits are grante as a matter of rights.
*/. ,ention some important benefits provie uner so"ial se"urity.
,ei"al "are, si"!ness benefit, a""ient benefit, unemployment benefit, ol age benefit
an family benefit.
*1. What o you mean by impa"t of inustrial isputes?
2nustrial isputes isturb the e"onomi", so"ial an politi"al life of a "ountry. 2nustrial
isputes affe"t the entire "ommunity.
*9. What o you mean by stay'in'stri!e?
The stay'in'stri!e is one whi"h evelops when the emans of the wor!ers are not met on
the stri!e ay an the wor!ers remain etermine on the sit'own stri!e an o not leave the
plant.
64. What o you mean by +pprenti"eship Training :"heme?
Cner the +pprenti"es +"t, 1961, it is obligatory on the part of the employer to engage
apprenti"es in "ertain traes. The apprenti"e training "onsists of basi" training in the spe"ifi"
fiel, followe by shop'floor training.
61. Des"ribe the important fun"tions of trae union.
i? ,ilitant or prote"tion fun"tion
ii? ,inistrant or positive fun"tion
6$. Des"ribe any two important ob-e"tives of the 2nian 3ational Trae Cnion %ongress5
i? To promote so"ial, "ivil an politi"al interest of the wor!ing "lass.
ii? To ensure full employment an the best utili9ation of its manpower.
6&. Des"ribe any two important ob-e"tives of the +ll'2nia Trae Cnion %ongress.
i? To so"iali9e an nationali9e means of prou"tion, istribution an ex"hange
ii? To establish a so"ialist state in 2nia
6(. Des"ribe any two important ob-e"tives of the Cnite Trae Cnion %ongress.
i? To nationali9e an so"iali9e the means of prou"tion, istribution an ex"hange.
ii? To safeguar an promote the interest, rights an privileges of the wor!ers in all
matters, so"ial, "ultural, e"onomi" an politi"al.
6*. Des"ribe any two ob-e"tives of 3ational )ront of 2nia Trae Cnions.
i? To organi9e an unite trae unions.
ii? To ensure for the wor!ing people fair "onitions of life an progressively to raise
their so"ial, e"onomi" an "ultural state an "onitions.
66. Des"ribe the ob-e"tives of the "entre of 2nian Trae Cnion.
i? The %2TC believes that the exploitation of the wor!ing "lass "an be ene only by
so"iali9ing all means of prou"tion, istribution an ex"hange an establishing a
so"ialist state.
ii? The %2TC fights against all en"roa"hments on the e"onomi" an so"ial rights of the
wor!ers.
6/. Write some important problems of the 2nian Trae Cnion.
i? Cneven growth
ii? :mall si9e of Cnions
iii? )inan"ial Wea!ness
iv? ,ultipli"ity of Cnions an 2nter'union 6ivalry.
61. Define =ealth
+ state of "omplete physi"al, mental an so"ial well'being an not merely the absen"e
of isease or infirmity.
69. Define inustrial health
2nustrial health refers to a system of publi" health an preventive mei"ine whi"h is
prevalent within the inustries,
/4. What o you mean by "hemi"al ha9ar?
<ases, fumes an ust raise by inustrial pro"esses are angerous to human beings. Ay
inhaling su"h fumes, wor!ers mat suffer from respiratory isorers, s!in iseases, allergy,
heart'atta"!s, "an"er an neurologi"al isorers.
/1. What o you mean by ;sy"hologi"al ha9ar
2nustrial stress "an "ause emotional isturban"e whi"h lea to fatigue an exhaustion.
This will impair effi"ien"y an -ugment.
/$. Write own various levels of wor!ers eu"ation programme "onu"te in 2nia.
i? 3ational level
ii? 6egional level
iii? .illage level
/&. What is publi" se"tor
The term publi" enterprise "ompress of all unerta!ings whi"h are, ire"te wither by a
bran"h of the government or any other boy authori9e by the government to ire"t the
unerta!ing for the welfare of the so"iety, giving no pla"e for private ownership.
/(. ,ention some important "auses for the growth of agri"ultural labour.
=igh growth of population, e"line of the village inustries.
/*. Define wor!ers eu"ation
Wor!ers eu"ation is an attempt on the part of organi9e labour to eu"ate its own
members uner an eu"ational system in whi"h the wor!ers pres"ribe the "ourses of
instru"tions, sele"t the tea"hers an in a "onsierable measure, furnish the finan"e.
/6. Write own main purpose of wor!ers training.
Training leas to effi"ien"y an in"rease prou"tivity, less waste, reu"e supervision,
higher employee earnings, reu"e a""ients, in"rease organi9ational stability an
flexibility, heightene morale an verti"al -ob mobility.
//. Write own some important fa"tors affe"ting inustrial relations.
2nustrial fa"tors, >"onomi" fa"tors, so"ial fa"tors, te"hnologi"al fa"tors.
/1. What o you mean by wor!men "ompensation +"t 19$&.
>mployers to pay "ompensation to wor!ers for a""ients, resulting in eath or total or
partial isablement for a perio ex"eeing & ays.
/9. What is maternity benefit
Cner this a women wor!er shoul be given rest before an after the "hil birth.
14. What o you mean by >mployers ;rovient )un +"t.
This +"t helps to a wor!er who retires from servi"e or if he ies, the help will be
extene to his family.
11. What o you mean by labour "ourts?
Labour "ourts a-ui"ate upon isputes liste in s"heule 22 of the +"t. 2t "onsist -uge of
a =igh %ourt.
1$. What o you mean by 2nustrial Tribunals?
2nustrial Tribunals a-ui"ate upon isputes liste in s"heule 22 or 222 of the +"t.
1&. Write own some important ob-e"tives of publi" se"tor unerta!ing?
i? To reu"e isparities in in"ome
ii? To avoi "on"entration of e"onomi" power in a few hans
1(. %on"iliator a"t is innovator G >xplain?
%on"iliator a"ts as an invaluable sour"e of new information an new thoughts,
parti"ularly in proviing the parties with ifferent views of the issues, with possible
alternative solutions an possibly an entirely new approa"h.
1*. %on"iliator as a safety value'>xplain?
The "on"iliator pla"es him self in the position of an alternative target when he feels that
the parties are in an aggressive moo. Ay setting a substitute target, the parties "an a"hieve an
emotional release without ire"t an immeiate amage to the negotiations.
16. What o you mean by "afeteria "ompensation?
%afetaria "ompensation is an example of flexible approa"h =ere ea"h employee "hooses
total "ompensation pa"!age that suits him best an satisfies him most. Bf "ourse "afeteria
exten, the flexibility of fringer benefits of life insuran"e, eferre "ompensation an other
benefits.
1/. ,ention some importane environmental ha9ars?
3oise ;ollution, illumination, ventilation, water pollution.
11. What o you mean by biologi"al ha9ars.
Aiologi"al ha9ars are manifeste by iseases "ause by ba"teria fungi, viruses et". These
affe"t the health of employees.
19. Define G <rievan"e
+ written "omplaint file by an employee an "laming unfair treatment.
94. List out the "ommon "auses of grievan"e.
;romotion, amenities, "ompensation leave, mei"al benefit.
91. Definition of inustrial relations.
2nustrial relations are an integral aspe"ts of so"ial relations arising out of employer'
employee intera"tion in moern inustries.
9$. Write own some important ob-e"tives of inustrial relations.
i? Development of healthy labour'management relations.
ii? Development an growth of inustrial emo"ra"y.
9&. Write own some important fun"tions of inustrial relations.
i? >mployee'employer relationship
ii? Labour'management relationship
iii? 2nustrial pea"e an prou"tivity
9(. What o you mean by 2nustrial pea"e?
i? 2mprove Cnion'management relations.
ii? +voi stri!e an go'slow ta"ti"s.
9*. What o you mean by 3ational Tribunal?
Bnly %entral <overnment is empowere to from 3ational Tribunal. This is also a single
member boy who is the ;resient. =e "an be a serving -uge or relive -uge of :upreme
%ourt D =igh %ourt.
96. Write own important ob-e"tives of trae union.
i? To improve wor!ing "onition an safety
ii? To fight against in -usti"e an exploitation of wor!ers by management.
9/. Write own some important problems of trae unions.
,ultipli"ity of Cnions, ;oliti"atisation, Demo"ra"y an Leaership.
91. Define :o"ial :e"urity
The prote"tion offere by the so"iety to its members against "ertain ris!s su"h as ol age,
si"!ness et". is "alle so"ial se"urity.
99. Define agri"ultural labour
+gri"ultural labourers are persons who are engage in wor! relating to agri"ulture.
144. What o you mean by inustrial ispute.
2nustrial ispute ientify the ifferen"e between employers an wor!ers.
141.Ariefly explain the Labour Welfare Wor!
The voluntary efforts of the employers to establish, within the existing inustrial system,
wor!ing an sometimes, living an "ultural "onitions of the employees beyon what is
re#uire by law, the "ustom of the "ountry an the "onitions of the mar!ets.
)eatures of Labour welfare
3ee for welfare wor!
+ims of Labour welfare wor!
+pproa"hes to Labour Welfare Wor!
+pproa"hes to Labour Welfare Wor!
:"ope of Labour Welfare Wor!s
Te"hni#ues of Labour Welfare wor!
14$.Ariefly explain the labour welfare fa"ilities mae available uner welfare fun
a. i? +ssistan"e for mei"al fa"ilities
ii? +ssitan"e for eu"ational fa"ilities
iii? +ssistan"e for re"reational fa"ilities
iv? +ssitan"e for housing fa"ilities
b? :tate Welfare )un :"heme
14&.Ariefly explain the wor!ers eu"ational programme
Bb-e"tives of wor!er8s eu"ation, "on"ept an te"hni#ues of wor!er eu"ation, wor!ers
eu"ation programme in 2nia.
14(.Ariefly explain the wor!er8s training programme?
,eaning of wor!ers training an Training :"hemes of Dire"tor <eneral of
>mployment an Training.
14*.Write own the "auses of inustrial "onfli"t?
2nustry'relate fa"tors
,anagement relate fa"tors
<overnment relate fa"tors
Bther "auses
146.Ariefly is"uss the ifferent types of stri!e an preventive measures ta!en to solve the
stri!e?
i. :tay away stri!e sit'own an stay in stri!e, tools own stri!e, to!en
stri!e, an lightning stri!e, go'slow stri!e, pi"!eting stri!e, <heras, hunger
stri!e an sympatheti" stri!e.
ii. ;revention of stri!e.
14/.Write own #ualities an role of "on"iliator
i? %hara"teristi"s
ii? 6ole'as a is"ussion leaer, safety valve, "ommuni"ation lin!, as an innovator,
souning boar, prote"tor, fail safe evi"e. :timulator, aviser, fa"e saver,
promoter of "olle"tive beginning.
141.Ariefly explain the three'tier system of +-ui"ation?
i. Labour %ourts
ii. 2nustrial Tribunals
iii. 3ational Tribunals.
149.Write a short note'+britration?
,eaning, avantage an isavantage of arbitration, types of arbitration.
114.Ariefly is"uss the "auses of a""ients an preventive measures ta!en to
reu"e the a""ients.
%auses of a""ients G unsafe a"t, unsafe "onitions.
6eu"e a""ients G proper training, safety propagana wor!, safety programme.
111.Write a short note G so"ial se"urity?
,eaning, nee an benefits provie uner so"ial se"urity.
11$.Write a short note on "hil labour an female labours?
Women labour'women are largely employe in agri"ultural, plantation, mines, fa"tories,
small's"ale inustries, so"ial servi"es an white "ollar -obs, wage pattern, benefits for women
wor!ers in 2nia an iffi"ulties fa"e by the female wor!ers.
11&.Ariefly explain agri"ultural labour
%hara"teristi"s G uns!ille persons, no organi9e union, bargaining "apa"ity, migratory in
"hara"ter, homogenous in "hara"ter.
;roblems fa"e by the agri"ultural labour, remeial measures ta!en by the government.
11(.Ariefly is"uss the health ha9ars
a? %hemi"al =a9ar
b? Aiologi"al ha9ar
"? >nvironmental ha9ar
? ;sy"hologi"al ha9ar
11*.Dis"uss the importan"e of inustrial health
2nustrial environment "an impair employees health be"ause of the following
malnutrition, "ontinuous wor! HHH.. exhaustion ue to poor esign of wor! pla"e an
tools.
:ymptoms of poor health are absenteeism HHH.. o""upational iseases.
Aetter inustrial health serve following purpose i.e. reu"tion in employees turnover
HHHH.. improve morale an motivation.
116.>numerate the statutory provisions for 2nustrial safety in 2nia.
We".$1 )en"ing of ma"hinery, se".$$ wor! on or near ma"hinery in motion HHHHH
se".(1 power to ma!e rules.
11/.Write own the ;rin"ipals of "oe of "onu"t?
The four %entral Labour Brgani9ations voluntarily aopte an inter'union 7"oe of
"onu"t8 on ,ay $1, 19*1.
111.Write a short'note on various <overnment ma"hineries use to settle the inustrial isputes?
%on"iliation
+rbitration
+-ui"ation
119.Ariefly explain the o""upational iseases an the steps ta!en to prevent the iseases.
Lea poisoning HHHH.. Telegraphists "ramp.
;rote"tion against iseases G preventive measures, "urative measures.
1$4.Write a short note
.oluntary benefit
)lexible benefit
.oluntary benefit "onsist of rest perio or "offee brea!, =oliays et".
)lexible benefits allow employee to pi"! up a set of benefits from a menu of
benefit options. This will an employee to pi"! up those whi"h suits him best.