Fans - Efficiency and Power Consumption

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Fans - Efficiency and Power Consumption
Power consumption and typical efficiencies of fans
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Fan Power Consumption
The ideal power consumption of a fan (without losses) can be expressed as
P
i
= dp q (1)
where
P
i
= ideal power consumption (W)
dp = total pressure increase in the fan (Pa)
q = air volume flow delivered by the fan (m
3
/s)
The ideal power consumptions for fans at different air volumes and pressure increases are expressed in the chart
below:
Note! For detailed engineering the manufacturing specifications of each fan must be used.
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Fan Efficiency
The fan efficiency is the ratio between power transferred to the airflow and the power used by the fan. The fan
efficiency is in general independent of the air density and can be expressed as:
f
= dp q / P (2)
where
f
= fan efficiency (values between 0 - 1)
dp = total pressure (Pa)
q = air volume delivered by the fan (m
3
/s)
P = power used by the fan (W, Nm/s)
The power used by the fan can be expressed as:
P = dp q /
f
(3)
The power used by the fan can also be expressed as:
P = dp q / (
f

b

m
) (4)
where
b
= belt efficiency
m
= motor efficiency
Typical motor and belt efficiencies:
Motor 1kW - 0.4
Motor 10 kW - 0.87
Motor 100 kW - 0.92
Belt 1 kW - 0.78
Belt 10 kW - 0.88
Belt 100 kW - 0.93
Power Consumptions - Imperial Units
Fan energy use can also be expressed as
P
cfm
= 0.1175 q
cfm
dp
in
/ (
f

b

m
) (4b)
where
P
cfm
= power consumption (W)
q
cfm
= volume flow (cfm)
dp
in
= pressure increase (in. WG)
Fan and Installation Loss (System Loss)
The installation of a fan will influence on the overall system efficiency
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dp
sy
= x
sy
p
d
(5)
where
dp
sy
= installation loss (Pa)
x
sy
= installation loss coefficient
p
d
= dynamic pressure in the nominal intake and outlet of the fan (Pa)
Fan and Temperature Increase
Near all of the energy lost in a fan will heat up the air flow and the temperature increase can be expressed like
dt = dp / 1000 (6)
where
dt = temperature increase (K)
dp = increased pressure head (Pa)
Standards for Fan Efficiency
ISO 12759 "Fans Efficiency classification for fans"
AMCA 205 "Energy Efficiency Classification for fans"
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Related Topics
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charts and diagrams and more
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Consumption - The temperature and density of air will influence on volume flow, pressure head and
power consumption of fans compared with manufacturing data
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static pressure and discharged volume
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Power - Power is a measure of the rate at which work is done or energy converted
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