Chap8 Bibliography

8-1
BIBLIOGRAPHY ON MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMS

TRANSIENTS USING DIGITAL PROGRAMS
Juan A. Martinez-Velasco Tom E. Grebe
Universitat Politcnica de Catalunya Electrotek Concepts, Inc.
Barcelona, Spain Knoxville, Tennessee, USA
Abstract- This bibliogrphy was prepared by the Modeling and
Analysis of Systems Transients Using Digital Programs Working
Group of the General Systems Subcommittee and Transmission
and Distribution Committee. The bibliography covers the subjects
of electromagnetic transients and the application of digital
programs for the analysis of these transients. It is not limited to
a specific period.
The technical references have been divided into six main
categories : 1) General Bibliography, 2) Solution Methods, 3)
Modeling of Power Components, 4) Modeling Guidelines, 5)
Simulation Tools, and 6) Applications and Case Studies.
General Bibliography includes references related to background
information. Solution Methods covers computing algorithms
and techniques for the digital solution of electromagnetic
transients including transient solution, numerical oscillations,
initialization and control systems. Modeling of Power
Components covers model development and usage of for
overhead lines, cables, transformers, arresters, network
equivalents, machines, circuit breakers, and protection systems.
Modeling Guidelines includes references related to the
application of component models for system analysis.
Simulation Tools includes references related to digital
electromagentic transient simulation programs. Application
and Case Studies covers the application of digital programs for
system studies and analysis, including overvoltage and
transient recovery voltages, secondary arc, subsynchronous
resonance, power electronics, and power quality.
All references listed in the bibliography are written in or
translated into English.
Recognition is given to members of the Working Group who
participated in compiling this bibliography.
1. GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY
1.1 TRANSIENTS IN POWER SYSTEMS
[1] R. Rudenberg, Transient Performance of Electric
Power Systems, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1950.
[2] L.V. Bewley, Traveling Waves on Transmission
Systems, John Wiley, New York, 1951.
[3] H.A. Peterson, Transients in Power Systems, John
Wiley, New York, 1951.
[4] R. Rudenberg, Electrical Shock Waves in Power
Systems, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.,
1968.
[5] K. Ragaller (Ed.), Current Interruption in High-
Voltage Networks, Plenum Press, New York, 1977.
[6] K. Ragaller (Ed.), Surges in High-Voltage Networks,
Plenum Press, New York, 1979.
[7] A.P. Sakis Meliopoulos, Power System Grounding and
Transients : An Introduction, Marcel Dekker, New
York, 1988.
[8] A. Greenwood, Electrical Transients in Power
Systems, John Wiley, Second Edition, New York,
1991.
[9] P. Chowdhuri, Electromagnetic Transients in Power
Systems, RSP - John Wiley, 1996.
1.2 COMPUTATION OF TRANSIENTS IN POWER SYSTEMS
[10] H.W. Dommel and W. Scott Meyer, "Computation of
Electromagnetic Transients", Proc. of IEEE, vol. 62,
no. 7, pp. 983-993, July 1974.
[11] J.P. Bickford, N. Mullineux and J.R. Reed,
Computation of Power System Transients, Peter
Peregrinus Ltd., London, 1976.
[12] "Digital Simulation of Electrical Transient
Phenomena", A. Phadke (ed.), IEEE Tutorial Course,
Course Text 81 EHO173-5-PWR.
[13] W. Derek Humpage, Z-transform Electromagnetic
Transient Analysis in High-Voltage Networks, Peter
Peregrinus Ltd., London, 1982.
[14] W. Derek Humpage and K. Wong, "Electromagnetic
Transient Analysis in EHV Power Networks", Proc.
of IEEE, vol. 70, no. 4, pp. 379-402, April 1982.
[15] H.W. Dommel, Electromagnetic Transients Program.
Reference Manual (EMTP Theory Book), Bonneville
Power Administration, Portland, 1986.
8-2
[16] EPRI Report EL-4202, "Electromagnetic Transients
Program (EMTP) Primer", 1985.
Program (EMTP) Application Guide", 1986.
Program (EMTP) Workbook", 1986.
Program (EMTP) Workbook II", 1989.
Program (EMTP) Workbook III", 1989.
Program (EMTP) Workbook IV", 1989.
[22] J.A. Martinez-Velasco (Ed.), Computer Analysis of
Electric Power System Transients, IEEE Press, 1997.
[23] H.W. Dommel, "Techniques for analyzing electromag-
netic transients", IEEE Computer Applications in
Power, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 18-21, July 1997.
2. SOLUTION METHODS
2.1 TRANSIENT SOLUTION
[24] L.O. Barthold and G.K. Carter, "Digital traveling-
wave solutions. 1 - Single-phase equivalents", AIEE
Trans., vol. 80, pt. III, pp. 812-820, December 1961.
[25] W. Frey and P. Althammmer, "The calculation of
transients on lines by means of a digital computer",
Brown Boveri Rev., vol. 48, pp. 334-355, May/June
1961.
[26] H.W. Dommel, "A method for solving transient
phenomena in multi-phase systems", Proc. of the 2nd
Power Systems Computer Conference, Stockholm,
1966.
[27] H.W. Dommel, "Digital computer solution of
electromagnetic transients in single- and multi-phase
networks", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 88, no. 2, pp. 734-741, April 1969.
[28] H.W. Dommel, "Nonlinear and time-varying elements
in digital simulation of electromagnetic transients",
IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol.
90, no. 6, pp. 2561-2567, November/December 1971.
[29] H.W. Dommel, "Usefulness and limitations of multi-
terminal reduced circuits", Proceedings of 11th PSCC,
pp. 1155-1160, August 30 - September 3, 1993,
Avignon (France).
[30] T. Noda, K. Yamamoto, N. Nagaoka and A. Ametani,
"A predictor-corrector scheme for solving a nonlinear
circuit", Proceedings of IPST'97, pp. 5-10, June 22-
26, 1997, Seattle.
[31] D.A. Woodford, A.M. Gole and R.Z. Menzies,
"Digital simulation of dc links and ac machines", IEEE
Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 102, no.
6, pp. 1616-1623, June 1983.
[32] W.D. Humpage, K.P. Wong, T.T. Nguyen and D.
Sutanto, "z-transform electromagnetic transient analysis
in power systems", Proc. IEE, Part C, vol. 127, pp.
370-378, November 1980.
[33] M. Roitman and P.S.R. Diniz, "Power system
simulation based on wave digital filters", IEEE Trans.
on Power Delivery, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1098-1104,
April 1996.
[34] M. Roitman and P.S.R. Diniz, "Simulation of non-
linear and switching elements for transient analysis
based on wave digital filters", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 11, no. 4, pp. 2042-2048, October
1996.
[35] L.M. Wedepohl and S.E.T. Mohamed, "Transient
analysis of multiconductor transmission lines with
special reference to non-linear problems", Proc. IEE,
vol. 117, pp. 979-988, May 1970.
[36] M. D'Amore and M.S. Sarto, "A new efficient
procedure for the transient analysis of dissipative
power networks with nonlinear loads", IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 533-539, January
1996.
[37] Y. Kang and J.D. Lavers, "Transient analysis of
electric power systems : Reformulation and theoretical
basis", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 11, no. 2,
pp. 754-760, May 1996.
[38] S.C. Tripathy, N.D. Rao and S. Elangovan,
"Comparison of stability properties of numerical
integration methods for switching surges", IEEE Trans.
on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 97, no. 6, pp.
2318-2326, November/December 1978.
[39] T. Kato and K. Ikeuchi, "Variable order and variable
step-size integration method for transient analysis
programs", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 6, no.
1, pp. 206-213, February 1991.
[40] A. Semlyen and F. de Leon, "Computation of electro-
magnetic transients using dual or multiple time steps",
IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 8, no. 3, pp.
1274-1281, August 1993.
[41] J.R. Marti and L.R. Linares, "Real-time EMTP-based
transients simulation", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1309-1317, August 1994.
2.2 NUMERICAL OSCILLATIONS
[42] F.L. Alvarado, R.H. Lasseter and J.J. Sanchez,
"Testing of trapezoidal integration with damping for
the solution of power transient studies", IEEE Trans.
on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 102, no. 12,
pp. 3783-3790, December 1983.
8-3
[43] J.R. Marti and J. Lin, "Suppression of numerical
oscillations in the EMTP", IEEE Trans. on Power
Systems, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 739-747, May 1989.
[44] J. Lin and J.R. Marti, "Implementation of the CDA
procedure in the EMTP", IEEE Trans. on Power
[45] B. Kulicke, "Simulation program NETOMAC :
Difference conductance method for continuous and
discontinuous systems", Siemens Research and
Development Reports, vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 299-302,
1981.
[46] T.L. Maguire and A.M. Gole, "Digital simulation of
flexible topology power electronic apparatus in power
systems", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol 6, no.
4, pp. 1831-1840, October 1991.
[47] P. Kuffel, K. Kent and G. Irwin, "The implementation
and effectiveness of linear interpolation within digital
simulation", Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol.
19, no. 4, pp. 221-228, May 1997.
2.3 INITIALIZATION
[48] H.W. Dommel, A. Yan and S. Wei, "Harmonics from
transformer saturation", IEEE Trans. on Power
[49] A. Semlyen, E. Acha and J. Arrillaga, "Newton-type
algorithms for the harmonic phasor analysis of non-
linear power circuits in periodical steady state with
special reference to magnetic non-linearities", IEEE
Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 1090-
1098, July 1988.
[50] W. Xu, J.R. Marti and H.W. Dommel, "A multiphase
harmonic load flow solution technique", IEEE Trans.
on Power Systems, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 174-182,
February 1991.
[51] W. Xu, J.R. Marti and H.W. Dommel, "Harmonic
analysis of systems with static compensators", IEEE
Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 183-190,
February 1991.
[52] X. Lombard, J. Masheredjian, S. Lefebvre and C.
Kieny, "Implementation of a new harmonic
initialization method in EMTP", IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 10, no. 3, pp.1343-1352, July
1995.
[53] J. Usaola and J.G. Mayordomo, "Fast steady-state
techniques for harmonic analysis", IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1789-1790, October
1991.
[54] B.K. Perkins, J.R. Marti and H.W. Dommel,
"Nonlinear elements in the EMTP : Steady-state
initialization", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 10,
no. 2, pp. 593-601, May 1995.
[55] Q.Wang and J.R. Marti, "A waveform relaxation
technique for steady state initialization of circuits with
nonlinear elements and ideal diodes", IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1437-1443, July
1996.
[56] G. Murere, S. Lefebvre and X.D. Do, "A generalized
harmonic balance method for EMTP initialization",
IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no. 3, pp.
1353-1359, July 1995.
[57] A. Semlyen and A. Medina, "Computation of the
periodic steady state in systems with nonlinear
components using a hybrid time and frequency domain
methodology", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.
10, no. 3, pp. 1498-1504, August 1995.
[58] J.J. Allemong, R.J. Bennon and P.W. Selent,
"Multiphase power flow solutions using EMTP and
Newtons method", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 1455-1462, November 1993.
2.4 CONTROL SYSTEMS
[59] L. Dube and H.W. Dommel, "Simulation of control
systems in an electromagnetic transients program with
TACS", Proc. of IEEE PICA, pp. 266-271, 1977.
[60] R. Lasseter and J. Zhou, "TACS enhancements for the
Electromagnetic Transient Program", IEEE Trans. on
Power Systems, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 736-742, May 1994.
[61] L.X. Bui, S. Casoria, G. Morin and J. Reeve, "EMTP
TACS-FORTRAN interface development for digital
controls modeling", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 314-319, February 1992.
[62] L. Dub and I. Bonfanti, "MODELS : A new
simulation tool in the EMTP", European Transactions
on Electrical Power Engineering, vol. 2, no. 1, pp.
45-50, January/February 1992.
[63] A.E.A. Araujo, H.W. Dommel and J.R. Marti,
"Simultaneous solution of power and control
equations", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 8, no.
4, pp. 1483-1489, November 1993.
[64] S. Lefebvre and J. Mahseredjian, "Improved control
systems simulation in the EMTP through
compensation", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
10, no. 4, pp. 1654-1662, April 1995.
[65] X. Cao et al., "Suppression of numerical oscillation
caused by the EMTP-TACS interface using filter
interposition", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
11, no. 4, pp. 2049-2055, October 1996.
3. MODELING OF POWER COMPONENTS
3.1 OVERHEAD LINES
8-4
[66] J.R. Carson, "Wave propagation in overhead wires
with ground return", Bell Syst. Tech. J., vol. 5, pp.
539-554, 1926.
[67] A. Budner, "Introduction of frequency-dependent line
parameters into an electromagnetic transients
program", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 89, no. 1, pp. 88-97, January 1970.
[68] J.K. Snelson, "Propagation of travelling waves on
transmission lines - Frequency dependent parameters",
91, no. 1, pp. 85-91, January/February 1972.
[69] P.C. Magnusson, "Traveling waves on multi-
conductor open wire lines. A numerical survey of the
effects of frequency dependence of modal
composition", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 92, no. 3, pp. 999-1008, May/June
1973.
[70] R.G. Wesley and S. Selvavinayagamoorthy,
"Approximate frequency-response values for
transmission line transient analysis", Proc. IEE, vol.
121, no. 4, pp. 281-286, April 1974.
[71] W. Scott Meyer and H.W. Dommel, "Numerical
modeling of frequency dependent transmission-line
parameters in an electromagnetic transients program",
93, no. 5, pp. 1401-1409, September/October 1974.
[72] A. Semlyen and A. Dabuleanu, "Fast and accurate
switching transient calculations on transmission lines
with ground return using recursive convolutions",
94, no. 2, pp. 561-571, March/April 1975.
[73] A. Dabuleanu and A. Semlyen, "Modelling of
transpositions and double circuit transmission lines in
switching surge calculations", IEEE Trans. on Power
Apparatus and Systems, vol. 94, no. 2, pp. 242-251,
March/April 1975.
[74] A. Semlyen and A. Dabuleanu, "A step approach to
accurate switching transient calculations based on state
variable component modelling", IEEE Trans. on Power
March/April 1975.
[75] A. Ametani, "A highly efficient method for calculating
transmission line transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
September/October 1976.
[76] A. Semlyen, "Contributions to the theory of calculation
of electromagnetic transients on transmission lines with
frequency dependent parameters", IEEE Trans. on
Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 100, no. 2, pp.
848-856, February 1981.
[77] A. Deri, G. Tevan, A. Semlyen and A. Castanheira,
"The complex ground return plane. A simplified model
for homogeneous and multi-layer earth return", IEEE
8, pp. 3686-3693, August 1981.
[78] J.F. Hauer, "State-space modeling of transmission line
dynamics via nonlinear optimization", IEEE Trans. on
4918-4924, December 1981.
[79] J.R. Marti, "Accurate modeling of frequency-
dependent transmission lines in electromagnetic
transient simulations", IEEE Trans. on Power
January 1982.
[80] A. Semlyen and R.H. Brierley, "Stability analysis and
stabilizing procedure for a frequency dependent
transmission line model", IEEE Trans. on Power
Apparatus and Systems, vol. 103, no. 12, pp.
3579-3586, December 1984.
[81] A. Semlyen and A. Deri, "Time domain modelling of
frequency dependent three-phase transmission line
impedance", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 104, no. 6, pp. 1549-2577, June 1985.
[82] A. Ametani and M. Aoki, "Line parameters and
transients of a non-parallel conductors system", IEEE
Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 1117
-1126, April 1989.
[83] L. Marti, "Low-order approximation of transmission
line parameters for frequency-dependent models",
102, no. 11, pp. 3582-3589, November 1983.
[84] A. Oguz Soysal and A. Semlyen, "Reduced order
transmission line modeling for improved efficiency in
the calculation of electromagnetic transients", IEEE
Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1494-
1498, August 1994.
[85] J.R. Marti, H.W. Dommel, L. Marti and V.
Brandwajn, "Approximate transformation matrices for
unbalanced transmission lines", Proc. of the 9th Power
Systems Computer Conference, Cascais (Portugal),
1987.
[86] M. D'Amore and M.S. Sarto, "Modelling of lossy
ground parameters in the EMTP for very-fast transient
analysis", Proceedings of IPST'97, pp. 49-54, June 22-
26, 1997, Seattle.
[87] L.M. Wedepohl, H.V. Nguyen and G.D. Irwin,
"Frequency-dependent transformation matrices for
untransposed transmission lines using Newton-Raphson
method", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 11, no.
3, pp. 1538-1546, August 1996.
[88] B. Gustavsen and A. Semlyen, "Simulation of
transmission line transients using vector fitting and
modal decomposition", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 605-614, April 1998.
8-5
[89] B. Gustavsen and A. Semlyen, "Calculation of
transmission line transients using polar decomposition",
855-862, July 1998.
[90] R. Mahmutcehajic, S. Babic, R. Gacanovic and S.
Carsimamovic, "Digital simulation of electromagnetic
wave propagation in a multiconductor transmission
system using the superposition principle and Hartley
transform", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 8,
no. 3, pp. 1377-1385, July 1993.
[91] A. Oguz Soysal and A. Semlyen, "State equation
approximation of transfer matrices and its application
to the phase domain calculation of electromagnetic
transients", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 9, no.
1, pp. 420-428, February 1994.
[92] G. Angelidis and A. Semlyen, "Direct phase-domain
calculation of transmission line transients using
two-sided recursions", IEEE Trans. on Power
[93] B. Gustavsen, J. Sletbak and T. Henriksen,
"Calculation of electromagnetic transients in
transmission cables and lines taking frequency
dependent effects accurately into account", IEEE
Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no. 2, pp.
1076-1084, April 1995.
[94] T. Noda, N. Nagaoka and A. Ametani, "Phase domain
modeling of frequency-dependent transmission lines by
means of an ARMA model", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 11, no. 1, pp. 401-411, January 1996.
[95] T. Noda, N. Nagaoka and A. Ametani, "Further
improvements to a phase-domain ARMA line model in
terms of convolution, steady-state initialization, and
stability", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 12,
no. 3, 1327-1334, July 1997.
[96] F. Castellanos and J.R. Marti, "Full frequency-
dependent phase-domain transmission line model",
1331-1339, August 1997.
[97] H.V. Nguyen, H.W. Dommel and J.R. Marti, "Direct
phase-domain modeling of frequency-dependent
overhead transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 12, no. 3, 1335-1342, July 1997.
[98] F. Castellanos, J.R. Marti and F. Marcano, "Phase-
domain multiphase transmission line models",
Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 19, no. 4,
pp. 241-248, May 1997.
[99] A. Morched, B. Gustavsen and M. Tartibi, "A
universal model for accurate calculation of
electromagnetic transients on overhead lines and
underground cables", Paper presented at the 1997
IEEE PES Summer Meeting, July 20-24, 1997, Berlin.
[100] B. Gustavsen and A. Semlyen, "Combined phase and
modal domain calculation of transmission line
transients based on vector fitting", IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 596-604, April
1998.
[101] L. Marti and H.W. Dommel, "Calculation of voltage
profiles along transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on
1997.
[102] S. Cristina and M. D'Amore, "Effect of reflection
waves on polyphase non-uniform power line carrier
channels : A new propagation matrix model", IEEE
4, pp. 1685-1693, April 1981.
[103] C. Menemenlis and Z.T. Chun, "Wave propagation on
nonuniform lines", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 101, no. 4, pp. 833-839, April 1982.
[104] E.A. Oufi, A.S. AlFuhaid and M.M. Saied, "Transient
analysis of lossless single-phase nonuniform
transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1694-1700, July 1994.
[105] M.T. Correia de Barros and M.E. Almeida,
"Computation of electromagnetic transients on
nonuniform transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 1082- 1091, April 1996.
[106] H.V. Nguyen, H.W. Dommel and J.R. Marti,
"Modeling of single-phase nonuniform transmission
lines in electromagnetic transient simulations", IEEE
Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 12, no. 2, 916-921,
April 1997.
[107] M. Kawai, "Studies of the surge response on a
transmission line tower", IEEE Trans. on Power
January 1964.
[108] M.A. Sargent and M. Darveniza, "Tower surge
impedance", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
[109] W.A. Chisholm, Y.L. Chow and K.D. Srivastava,
"Lightning surge response of transmission towers",
102, no. 9, pp. 3232- 3242, September 1983.
[110] W.A. Chisholm and Y.L. Chow, "Travel time of
transmission towers", IEEE Trans. on Power
Apparatus and Systems, vol. 104, no. 10, pp. 2922
-2928, October 1985.
[111] M. Ishii et al., "Multistory transmission tower model
for lightning surge analysis", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 1327-1335, July 1991.
[112] T. Yamada et al., "Experimental evaluation of a UHV
tower model for lightning surge analysis", IEEE Trans.
January 1995.
[113] M.Mihailescu-Suliciu and I. Suliciu, "A rate type
8-6
constitutive equation for the description of the corona
effect", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems,
vol. 100, no. 8, pp. 3681-3685, August 1981.
[114] K.C. Lee, "Non-linear corona models in an
electromagnetic transients program (EMTP)", IEEE
9, pp. 2936-2942, September 1983.
[115] A. Inoue, "Propagation analysis of overvoltage surges
with corona based upon charge versus voltage curve",
104, no. 3, pp. 655-662, March 1985.
[116] A. Semlyen and W.-G. Huang, "Corona modelling for
the calculation of transients on transmission lines",
228-239, July 1986.
[117] W.-G. Huang and A. Semlyen, "Computation of
electromagnetic transients on three-phase transmission
lines with corona and frequency dependent
parameters", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 2,
no. 3, pp. 887-898, July 1987.
[118] F. Iliceto and E. Cinieri, "Analysis of half-wave length
transmission lines with simulation of corona losses",
2081-2091, October 1988.
[119] X.-R. Li, O.P. Malik and Z.-D. Zhao, "A practical
mathematical model of corona for calculation of
transients on transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on
1989.
[120] M.A. Al-Tai et al., "The simulation of surge corona
on transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on Power
[121] P. Sarma Maruvada, D.H. Nguyen and H. Hamadani
-Zadeh, "Studies on modeling corona attenuation of
dynamic overvoltages", IEEE Trans. on Power
[122] X.-R. Li, O.P. Malik and Z.-D. Zhao, "Computation
of transmission lines transients including corona
effects", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 4, no.
3, pp. 1816-1821, July 1989.
[123] S. Carneiro Jr. and J.R. Marti, "Evaluation of corona
and line models in electromagnetic transient
simulations", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 6,
no. 1, pp. 334-342, January 1991.
[124] S. Carneiro Jr., H.W. Dommel, J.R. Marti and H.M.
Barros, "An efficient procedure for the implementation
of corona models in electromagnetic transients
programs", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 9,
no. 2, pp. 849-855, April 1994.
[125] C. de Jesus and M.T. Correia de Barros, "Modelling
of corona dynamics for surge propagation studies",
1564-1569, July 1994.
[126] J.R. Marti, F. Castellanos and N. Santiago, "Wide
-band corona circuit model for transient simulations",
1003-1013, May 1995.
[127] H.M. Barros, S. Carneiro Jr. and R.M. Azevedo, "An
efficient recursive scheme for the simulation of
overvoltages on multiphase systems under corona",
1443-1452, July 1995.
[128] M. Poloujadoff, J.F. Guillier and M. Rioual,
"Damping model of traveling waves by corona effect
along extra high voltage three phase lines", IEEE
1861, October 1995.
3.2 INSULATED CABLES
[129] L.A. Wedepohl and D.J. Wilcox, "Transient analysis
of underground power-transmission systems", Proc.
IEE, vol. 120, no. 2, pp. 253-260, February 1973.
[130] G.W. Brown and R.G. Rocamora, "Surge propagation
in three-phase pipe type cables. Part I - Unsaturated
pipe", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and Systems,
vol. 95, no. 1, pp. 88-95, January/February 1976.
[131] R.G. Rocamora and G.W. Brown, "Surge propagation
in three-phase pipe-type cables. Part II - Duplication of
field tests including the effects of neutral wires and
pipe saturation", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 96, no. 3, pp. 826-833, May/June 1977.
[132] A. Ametani, "Wave propagation characteristics of
cables", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
[133] A. Ametani, "A general formulation of impedance and
admittance of cables", IEEE Trans. on Power
May/June 1980.
[134] N. Nagaoka and A. Ametani, "Transient calculations
on crossbonded cables", IEEE Trans. on Power
April 1983.
[135] E. Greenfield, "Transient behavior of short and long
cables," IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 103, no. 11, pp. 3193-3203, November
1984.
[136] L. Marti, "Simulation of transients in underground
cables with frequency-dependent modal transformation
matrices", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 3, no.
3, pp. 1099-1110, July 1988.
[137] H. Nakanishi et al., "A study of zero-sequence current
induced in a cable system", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 1352-1358, October 1991.
8-7
[138] L. Bohmann et al., "Impedance of a double submarine
cable circuit using different types of cables within a
single circuit", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
8, no. 4, pp. 1668-1674, October 1993.
[139] B. Gustavsen, J. Sletbak and T. Henriksen,
"Simulation of transient sheath overvoltages in the
presence of proximity effects", IEEE Trans. on Power
[140] B. Gustavsen and J. Sletbak, "Transient sheath
overvoltages in armoured power cables", IEEE Trans.
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[141] R.J. Meredith, "EMTP modeling of electromagnetic
transients in multi-mode coaxial cables by finite
sections", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 12,
no. 1, pp. 489-496, January 1997.
3.3 TRANSFORMERS
[142] G.W. Swift, "Power transformer core behavior under
transient conditions", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 90, pp. 2206-2210, September/
October 1971.
[143] C.G.A. Koreman, "Determination of the magnetizing
characteristic of three-phase transformers in field
tests", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 4, no. 3,
pp. 1779-1785, July 1989.
[144] W.L.A. Neves and H.W. Dommel, "On modeling iron
core nonlinearities", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 417-425, May 1993.
[145] M. Vakilian and R.C. Degeneff, "A method for
modeling nonlinear core characteristics of transformer
during transients", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 9, no. 4, pp. 1916-1925, October 1994.
[146] W.L.A. Neves and H.W. Dommel, "Saturation curves
of delta-connected transformers from measurements",
1432-1437, July 1995.
[147] S.N. Talukdar and J.R. Bailey, "Hysteresis models for
system studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 95, no. 4, pp. 1429-1434, July/August
1976.
[148] E.P. Dick and W.Watson, "Transformer models for
transient studies based on field measurement", IEEE
1, pp. 401-419, January 1981.
[149] J.G. Frame, N. Mohan and T.H. Liu, "Hysteresis
modeling in an electro-magnetic transients program",
101, no. 9, pp. 3403-3412, September 1982.
[150] F. de Len and A. Semlyen, "Simple representation of
dynamic hysteresis losses in power transformers",
315-321, January 1995.
[151] J. Avila-Rosales and F.L. Alvarado, "Nonlinear
frequency dependent transformer model for
electromagnetic transient studies in power systems",
101, no. 11, pp. 4281-4288, November 1982.
[152] J. Avila-Rosales and A. Semlyen, "Iron core modeling
for electrical transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
Apparatus and Systems, vol. 104, no. 11, pp. 3189-
3194, November 1985.
[153] F. de Len and A. Semlyen, "Time domain modeling
of eddy current effects for transformer transients",
271-280, January 1993.
[154] E.J. Tarasiewicz, A.S. Morched, A. Narang and E.P.
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nonlinear iron cores", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 588-597, May 1993.
[155] F. de Len and A. Semlyen, "Detailed modeling of
eddy current effects for transformer transients", IEEE
1150, April 1994.
[156] F. de Len and A. Semlyen, "Efficient calculation of
elementary parameters of transformers", IEEE Trans.
January 1992.
[157] W.J. McNutt, T.J. Blalock and R.A. Hinton,
"Response of Transformer Windings to System
voltage", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 93, no. 2, pp. 457-467, March/April
1974.
[158] V. Brandwajn, H.W. Dommel and I.I. Dommel,
"Matrix representation of three-phase n-winding
transformers for steady-state and transient studies",
101, no. 6, pp. 1369-1378, June 1982.
[159] C.M. Arturi, "Transient simulation and analysis of a
three-phase five-limb step-up transformer following an
out-of-phase synchronization", IEEE Trans. on Power
[160] D.L. Stuehm, "Final report. Three phase transformer
core modeling", Bonneville Power Administration
Award No. DE-BI79-92BP26700, February 1993.
[161] A. Narang and R. H. Brierley, "Topology based
magnetic model for steady-state and transient studies
for three-phase core type transformers", IEEE Trans.
August 1994.
[162] X. Chen and S.S. Venkata, "A three-phase three-
winding core-type transformer model for low-frequency
transient studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
8-8
vol. 12, no. 3, 775-782, April 1997.
[163] B.A. Mork, "Five-legged wound-core transformer
model: Derivation, parameters, implementation, and
evaluation", Paper PE-414-PWRD-0-12-1997,
presented at the 1998 IEEE PES Winter Meeting,
February 1-5, 1998, Tampa.
[164] D.L. Stuehm, B.A. Mork and D.D. Mairs, "Five-
legged core transformer equivalent circuit", IEEE
1786-1793, July 1989.
[165] X. Chen, "A three-phase multi-legged transformer
model in ATP using the directly-formed inverse
inductance matrix", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 1554-1562, July 1996.
[166] R.C. Degeneff, "A general method for determining
resonances in transformer windings", IEEE Trans. on
Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 96, no. 2,
March/April 1977.
[167] R.C. Degeneff, "A method for constructing terminal
models for single-phase n-winding transformers",
Paper No. A 78 539-9, 1978 IEEE PES Summer
Meeting, July 16-21, Los Angeles.
[168] A. Morched, L. Marti and J. Ottevangers, "A high
frequency transformer model for the EMTP", IEEE
1626, July 1993.
[169] P.T.M. Vaessen, "Transformer model for high
frequencies", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 3,
no. 4, pp. 1761-1768, October 1988.
[170] D.R. Smith and J.L. Puri, "A simplified lumped
parameter model for finding distribution transformer
and secondary system responses to lightning", IEEE
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[171] V. Woivre, J.P. Artaud, A Ahmad and N. Burais,
"Transient overvoltage study and model for shell-type
power transformers", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 212-222, January 1993.
[172] A. Oguz Soysal and A. Semlyen, "Practical transfer
function estimation and its application to wide
frequency range representation of transformers", IEEE
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[173] A. Oguz Soysal, "A method for wide frequency range
modeling of power transformers and rotating
machines", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 8,
no. 4, pp. 1802-1810, October 1993.
[174] B. Gustavsen and A. Semlyen, "Application of vector
fitting to state equation representation of transformers
for simulation of electromagnetic transients", IEEE
834-842, July 1998.
[175] S. Chimklai and J.R. Marti, "Simplified three-phase
transformer model for electromagnetic transient
studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no.
3, pp. 1316-1324, July 1995.
[176] G.B. Gharehpetian, H. Mohseni and K. Moller,
"Hybrid modelling of inhomogeneus transformer
windings for very fast transient overvoltage studies",
157-163, January 1998.
[177] R.C. Degeneff, M.R. Gutierrez and P.J. McKenny,
"A method for constructing reduced order transformer
models for system studies from detailed lumped
parameter models", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 649-655, April 1992.
[178] M. Gutierrez, R.C. Degeneff, P.J. McKennny and
J.M. Schneider, "Linear, lumped parameter
transformer model reduction technique", IEEE Trans.
on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 853-861, April
1995.
[179] R.C. Degeneff, M.R. Gutierrez and M. Vakilian,
"Nonlinear, lumped parameter transformer model
reduction technique", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 862-868, April 1995.
[180] R.J. Galarza, J.H. Chow and R.C. Degeneff,
"Transformer model reduction using time and
frequency domain sensitivity techniques", IEEE Trans.
April 1995.
[181] D.N. Ewart, "Digital computer simulation model of a
steel-core transformer", IEEE Trans. on Power
[182] H. Mohseni, "Multi-winding multi-phase transformer
model with saturable core", IEEE Trans. on Power
[183] D. Dolinar, J. Pihler and B. Grcar, "Dynamic model
of a three-phase power transformer", IEEE Trans. on
1993.
[184] F. de Len and A. Semlyen, "Complete transformer
model for electromagnetic transients", IEEE Trans. on
1994.
[185] B.C. Papadias et al., "Three phase transformer
modelling for fast electromagnetic transient studies",
1151-1159, April 1994.
[186] P. Bastard, P. Bertrand and M. Meunier, "A
transformer model for winding fault studies", IEEE
Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 690-699,
April 1994.
3.4 SURGE ARRESTERS
8-9
[187] D.P. Carroll et al., "A dynamic surge arrester model
for use in power system transient studies", IEEE
3, pp. 1057-1066, May/June 1972.
[188] S. Tominaga et al., "Protective performance of metal
oxide surge arrester based on the dynamic v-i
characteristics", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 98, no. 6, pp. 1860-1871, November/
December 1979.
[189] M.V. Lat, "Analytical method for performance
prediction of metal oxide surge arresters", IEEE Trans.
on Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 104, no. 10,
pp. 2665-2674, October 1985.
[190] C. Dang, T.M. Parnell and P.J. Price, "The response
of metal oxide surge arresters to steep fronted current
impulses", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 1, no.
1, pp. 157-163, January 1986.
[191] W. Schmidt et al., "Behaviour of MO-surge-arrester
blocks to fast transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
[192] IEEE Working Group on Surge Arrester Modeling,
"Modeling of metal oxide surge arresters", IEEE
January 1992.
[193] I. Kim et al., "Study of ZnO arrester model for steep
front wave", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11,
no. 2, pp. 834-841, April 1996.
[194] IEEE Working Group of Surge Protective Devices
Committee, "Modeling of current-limiting surge
arresters", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 100, no. 8, pp. 4033-4040, August 1981.
[195] D. L. Goldsworthy, "A linearized model for MOV-
protected series capacitors", IEEE Trans. on Power
Systems, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 953-958, November 1987.
[196] J.R. Lucas and P.G. McLaren, "A computationally
efficient MOV model for series compensation studies",
1491-1497, October 1991.
3.5 NETWORK EQUIVALENTS
[197] A. Clerici and L. Marzio, "Coordinated use of TNA
and digital computer for switching-surge studies :
Transient equivalent of a complex network", IEEE
6, pp. 1717-1726, November/December 1970.
[198] A.S. Morched and V. Brandwajn, "Transmission
network equivalents for electromagnetic transients
studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 102, no. 9, pp. 2984- 2994, September
1983.
[199] V.Q. Do and M.M. Gavrilovic, "An iterative pole
removal method for synthesis of power system
equivalent networks", IEEE Trans. on Power
2070, August 1984.
[200] V.Q. Do and M.M. Gavrilovic, "A synthesis method
for one-port and multi-port equivalent networks for
analysis of power system transients", IEEE Trans. on
Power Systems, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 103-113, April
1986.
[201] M. Kizilcay, "Low-order network equivalents for
electromagnetic transients studies", European
Transactions on Electrical Power Engineering, vol. 3,
no. 2, pp. 123-129, March/April 1993.
[202] A. Semlyen and M.R. Iravani, "Frequency domain
modeling of external systems in an electro-magnetic
transients program", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 527-533, May 1993.
[203] A. Abur and H. Singh, "Time domain of external
systems for electromagnetic transients programs",
671-679, May 1993.
[204] A.S. Morched, J.H. Ottevangers and L. Marti,
"Multi-port frequency dependent network equivalents
for the EMTP", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
8, no. 3, pp. 1402-1412, July 1993.
[205] H. Singh and A. Abur, "Multiport equivalencing of
external systems for simulation of switching
transients", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 10,
no. 1, pp. 374-382, January 1995.
[206] J. Hong and J. Park, "A time-domain approach to
transmission network equivalents via Prony analysis for
electromagnetic transients analysis", IEEE Trans. on
Power Systems, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 1789-1797,
November 1995.
[207] J.J. Sanchez-Gasca and J.H. Chow, "Computation of
power system low-order models from time domain
simulations using a Hankel matrix", IEEE Trans. on
November 1997.
[208] H. Okamoto et al., "Identification of low-order linear
power system models from EMTP simulations using
the Steiglitz-McBride algorithm", IEEE Trans. on
Power Systems, vol. 13, no. 2, pp. 422-427, May
1998.
3.6 ROTATING MACHINES
[209] V. Brandwajn and H.W. Dommel, "A new method for
interfacing generator models with an electromagnetic
transients program", Proc. of IEEE PICA, pp.
260-265, 1977.
[210] G. Gross and M.C. Hall, "Synchronous machine and
8-10
torsional dynamics simulation in the computation of
electromagnetic transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
July/August 1978.
[211] V. Brandwajn, W. Scott Mayer and H.W. Dommel,
"Synchronous machine initialization for unbalanced
network conditions within an electromagnetic transients
program", Proc. of IEEE PICA, pp. 38-41, May 1979.
[212] V. Brandwajn, "Representation of magnetic saturation
in the synchronous machine model in an
electromagnetic transients program", IEEE Trans. on
1996-2002, September/October 1980.
[213] D. Van Dommelen, "Optimization of initial values of
mechanical variables of turbine-generator units in an
4990-4994, December 1981.
[214] H.K. Lauw and W. Scott Meyer, "Universal machine
modeling for the representation of rotating machinery
in an electromagnetic transients program", IEEE Trans.
1342-1352, June 1982.
[215] A.M. Gole, R.W. Menzies, H.M. Turanli and D.A.
Woodford, "Improved interfacing of electrical machine
models to electromagnetic transients programs", IEEE
9, pp. 2446-2451, September 1984.
[216] H.K. Lauw, "Interfacing for universal multi-machine
system modeling in an electromagnetic transients
program", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 104, no. 9, pp. 2367-2373, September
1985.
[217] G.J. Rogers and D. Shirmohammadi, "Induction
machine modelling for electromagnetic transient
program", IEEE Trans. on Energy Conversion, vol. 2,
no. 4, pp. 622-628, December 1987.
[218] P.G. McLaren and M.H. Abdel-Rahman, "Modeling
of large AC motor coils for steep-fronted surge
studies", IEEE Trans. on Industry Applications, vol.
24, no. 3, pp. 422-426, May/June 1988.
[219] E.P. Dick et al., "Equivalent circuit for simulating
switching surges at motor terminals", IEEE Trans. on
Energy Conversion, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 696-704,
September 1988.
[220] J.L. Guardado and K.J. Cornick, "A computer model
for calculating steep-fronted surge distribution in
machine windings", IEEE Trans. on Energy
Conversion, vol. 4, no. 1, 95-101, March 1989.
[221] A. Narang, B.K. Gupta, E.P. Dick and D.K. Sharma,
"Measurement and analysis of surge distribution in
motor stator windings", IEEE Trans. on Energy
Conversion, vol. 4, no. 1, 126-134, March 1989.
[222] E.P. Dick, R.W. Cheung and J.W. Porter, "Generator
models for overvoltages simulations", IEEE Trans. on
Power Delivery, vol. 6, no. 2, 728-735, April 1991.
[223] W. Xu, J.R. Marti and H.W. Dommel, "A
synchronous machine model for three-phase harmonic
analysis and EMTP initialization", IEEE Trans. on
November 1991.
[224] A. Domijan and Y. Yin, "Single-phase induction
machine simulation using the Electromagnetic
Transients Program : Theory and test cases", IEEE
Trans. on Energy Conversion, vol. 9, no. 3, pp.
535-542, September 1994.
[225] H. Knudsen, "Extended Park's transformation for
2x3-phase synchronous machine and converter phasor
model with representation of harmonics", IEEE Trans.
on Energy Conversion, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 126-132,
March 1995.
[226] N.J. Bacalao, P. de Arizon and R.O. Snchez, "A
model for the synchronous machine using frequency
response measurements", IEEE Trans. on Power
Systems, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 457-464, February 1995.
[227] R. Hung and H.W. Dommel, "Synchronous machine
models for simulation of induction motor transients",
833-838, May 1996.
[228] J.R. Marti and K.W. Louie, "A phase-domain
synchronous generator model including saturation
effects", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 12, no.
1, pp. 222-229, February 1997.
3.7 CIRCUIT BREAKERS
[229] CIGRE Working Group 13.01, "Practical application
of arc physics in circuit breakers. Survey of calculation
methods and application guide", Electra, no. 118, pp.
64-79, 1988.
[230] CIGRE Working Group 13.01, "Applications of black
box modelling to circuit breakers", Electra, no. 149,
pp. 40-71, August 1993.
[231] J.A. Martinez-Velasco, "Circuit breaker representation
for TRV calculations", EEUG Meeting 1995,
Hannover, November 13-15, 1995.
[232] V. Phaniraj and A.G. Phadke, "Modeling of circuit
breakers in the electromagnetic transients program",
799-805, May 1988.
[233] L. van der Sluis, W.R. Rutgers and C.G.A. Koreman,
"A physical arc model for the simulation of current
zero behaviour of high-voltage circuit breakers", IEEE
8-11
1016-1022, April 1992.
[234] Z. Ma et al., "An investigation of transient overvoltage
generation when switching high voltage shunt reactors
by SF6 circuit breaker", IEEE Trans. on Power
[235] J. Mahseredjian, M. Landry and B. Khodabakhchian,
"The new EMTP breaker arc model", Proceedings of
IPST'97, pp. 245-249, June 22-26, 1997, Seattle.
[236] J. Kosmac and P. Zunko, "A statistical vacuum circuit
breaker model for simulation of transients
overvoltages", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
10, no. 1, pp. 294-300, January 1995.
[237] M.T. Glinkowski, M.R. Gutierrez and D. Braun,
"Voltage escalation and reignition behavior of vacuum
circuit breakers during load shedding", IEEE Trans. on
1997.
[238] D.A. Woodford and L.M. Wedepohl, "Impact of
circuit breaker pre-strike on transmission line
energization transients", Proceedings of IPST'97, pp.
250-253, June 22-26, 1997, Seattle.
3.8 PROTECTION SYSTEMS
[239] J. Lucas et al., "Improved simulation models for
current and voltage transformers in relay studies",
152-159, January 1992.
[240] M. Kezunovic et al., "Digital models of coupling
capacitor voltage transformers for protective relay
transient studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 1927-1935, October 1992.
[241] M. Kezunovic et al., "Experimental evaluations of
EMTP-based current transformer models for protective
relay transient study", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 405-413, January 1994.
[242] M. Kezunovic et al., "A new method for the CCVT
performance analysis using field measurements, signal
processing and EMTP modeling", IEEE Trans. on
1994.
[243] M.R. Iravani et al., "Digital time-domain investigation
of transient behaviour of coupling capacitor voltage
transformer", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 13,
no. 2, pp. 622-629, April 1998.
[244] J.R. Marti, L.R. Linares and H.W. Dommel, "Current
transformers and coupling-capacitor voltage
transformers in real-time simulations", IEEE Trans. on
1997.
[245] J. Izykowski et al., "Dynamic compensation of
capacitive voltage transformers", IEEE Trans. on
1998.
[246] A. Domijan and M.V. Emami, "State space relay
modeling and simulation using the Electromagnetic
Transients Program and its Transient Analysis of
Control Systems capability", IEEE Trans. on Energy
Conversion, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 697-702, December
1990.
[247] J.N. Peterson and R.W. Wall, "Interactive relay
controlled power system modeling", IEEE Trans. on
1991.
[248] R.E. Wilson and J.M. Nordstrom, "EMTP transient
modeling of a distance relay and a comparison with
EMTP laboratory testing", IEEE Trans. on Power
[249] A.K.S. Chaudhary, K.S. Tam and A.G. Phadke,
"Protection system representation in the
1994.
[250] M.T. Glinkowski and J. Esztergalyos, "Transient
modeling of electromechanical relays. Part I :
Armature type overcurrent relays", IEEE Trans. on
1996.
[251] M.T. Glinkowski and J. Esztergalyos, "Transient
modeling of electromechanical relays. Part II : Plunger
Type 50 relays", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
11, no. 2, pp. 771-782, April 1996.
[252] J.A. Martinez-Velasco and L. Kojovic, "ATP modeling
of electromechanical relays", Proceedings of IPST'97,
pp. 446-451, June 22-26, 1997, Seattle.
[253] P.A. Crossley, H.Y. Li and A.D. Parker, "Design and
evaluation of a circulating current differential relay test
system", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 13, no.
2, pp. 427-433, April 1998.
3.9 OTHER COMPONENTS
[254] J.A. Martinez-Velasco, R. Abdo and G. Capolino,
"Advanced representation of power semiconductors
using the EMTP", Proceedings of IPST'95, pp. 505-
510, September 3-7, 1995, Lisbon.
[255] C. Wong, "EMTP modeling of IGBT dynamic
performance for power dissipation estimation", IEEE
Trans. on Industry Applications, vol. 33, no. 1, pp.
64-71, January/February 1997.
[256] A. Petit, G. St-Jean and G. Fecteau, "Empirical model
of a current-limiting fuse using EMTP", IEEE Trans.
January 1989.
8-12
[257] L. Kojovic and S. Hassler, "Application of current
limiting fuses in distribution systems for improved
power quality and protection", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 12, no. 2, 791-800, April 1997.
4. MODELING GUIDELINES
[258] CIGRE Working Group 02 (SC 33), "Guidelines for
Representation of Network Elements when Calculating
Transients", 1990.
[259] IEEE Task Force on Slow Transients (M.R. Iravani,
Chairman), "Modeling and Analysis Guidelines for
slow transients. Part I : Torsional Oscillations;
Transient Torques; Turbine blade vibrations; Fast bus
transfer", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 10, no.
4, pp. 1950-1955, October 1995.
Chairman), "Modeling and Analysis Guidelines for
slow transients. Part II : Controller Interactions;
Harmonic Interactions", IEEE Trans. on Power
Chairman), "Modeling And Anlysis Guidelines for
slow transients - Part III : The study of ferroreso-
nance", 1998 IEEE Summer Power Meeting, July 12-
16, San Diego.
[262] IEEE TF on Fast Front Transients (A. Imece,
Chairman), "Modeling guidelines for fast transients",
IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11, no. 1,
January 1996.
[263] IEEE TF on Very Fast Transients (D. Povh,
Chairman), "Modeling and analysis guidelines for very
fast transients", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
11, no. 4, October 1996.
[264] IEEE Task Force on Power Electronics (L. Tang,
Chairman), "Guidelines for modeling power electronics
in electric power engineering applications", IEEE
505-514, January 1997.
5. SIMULATION TOOLS
[265] K. Carlsen, E.H. Lenfest and J.J. LaForest,
"MANTRAP : Machine and network transients
program", Proc. of IEEE PICA, pp. 144-151, 1975.
[266] S.N. Talukdar, "METAP - A modular and expandable
program for simulating power system transients", IEEE
6, pp. 1882-1891, November/December 1976.
[267] F.L. Alvarado, R.H. Lasseter and Y. Liu, "An
integrated engineering simulation environment", IEEE
February 1988.
[268] F.L. Alvarado and Y. Liu, "General purpose symbolic
simulation tools for electric networks", IEEE Trans. on
[269] P. Bornard, P. Erhard and P. Fauquembergue,
"MORGAT : A data processing program for testing
transmission line protective relays", IEEE Trans. on
1988.
[270] W. Long et al. "EMTP. A powerful tool for analyzing
power system transients", IEEE Computer Applications
in Power, vol. 3, no. 3, pp. 36-41, July 1990.
[271] E. Gunther, T. Grebe, R. Adapa and D. Mader,
"Running EMTP on PCs", IEEE Computer
Applications in Power, vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 33-38,
January 1993.
[272] H.K. Hoidalen, "ATPDRAW - Reference Manual",
Portland, 1994.
[273] O. Nayak, G. Irwin and A. Neufeld, "GUI enhances
electromagnetic transients simulation tools", IEEE
Computer Applications in Power, vol. 8, no. 1, pp.
17-22, January 1995.
[274] P. Lehn, J. Rittiger and B. Kulicke, "Comparison of
the ATP version of the EMTP and the NETOMAC
program for simulation of HVDC systems", IEEE
2048-2053, October 1995.
[275] J. Mahseredjian and F. Alvarado, "Creating an
electromagnetic transients program in MATLAB :
MatEMTP", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 12,
no. 1, pp. 380-388, January 1997.
[276] A. Gole and A. Daneshpooy, "Towards open systems
: A PSCAD/EMTDC to MATLAB interface",
Proceedings of IPST'97, pp. 446-451, June 22-26,
1997, Seattle.
[277] G. Wild et al., "An integrated simulation and control
implementation environment", Proceedings of IPST'97,
pp. 446-451, June 22-26, 1997, Seattle.
[278] K. Vu et al., "Simulation tool for distribution-system
modeling, analysis and algorithm testing", Proceedings
of IPST'97, pp. 446-451, June 22-26, 1997, Seattle.
[279] J. Mahseredjian et al., "A link between EMTP and
MATLAB for user defined modeling", IEEE Trans. on
1998.
6. APPLICATIONS AND CASE STUDIES
6.1 OVERVOLTAGE AND TRV CALCULATIONS
[280] W. Diesendorf, Insulation Coordination in High
8-13
Voltage Electric Power Systems, Butterworth, London,
1974.
[281] IEEE Seminar Report, "Power Systems Transient
Recovery Voltages", 87TH0176-8-PWR.
[282] CIGRE WG 13.02, "Interruption of small inductive
currents", December 1995.
[283] T. Sakurai, K. Murotani and K. Oonishi, "Suppression
of temporary overvoltages caused by transformer and
AC filter inrush currents at the Shin-Shinano frequency
converter station", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 100, no. 4, pp. 1608-1613, April
1981.
[284] T. Adielson, A. Carlson, H.B. Margolis and J.A.
Halladay, "Resonant overvoltages in EHV
transformers", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 100, no. 7, pp. 3563-3572, July 1981.
[285] F. Iliceto, E. Cinieri and A. Di Vita, "Overvoltages
due to open-phase occurrence in reactor compensated
EHV lines", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 103, no. 3, pp. 474-482, March 1984.
[286] J.A. Halladay and C.H. Shih, "Resonant overvoltage
phenomena caused by transmission line fault", IEEE
9, pp. 2531-2539, September 1985.
[287] O. Bourgault and G. Morin, "Analysis of harmonic
overvoltage due to transformer saturation following
load shedding on Hydro-Quebec - NYPA 765 kV
interconnection", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
5, no. 1, pp. 397-405, January 1990.
[288] D.A.N. Jacobson, D.R. Swatek and R.W. Mazur,
"Mitigating potential transformer ferroresonance in a
230 kV converter station", 1996 IEEE Transmission
and Distribution Conference Proceedings, Los Angeles,
September 15-20.
[289] J.R. Harries and J.L. Randall, "Harmonic resonance
on parallel high voltage transmission lines", IEEE
482, January 1997.
[290] M.M. Adibi, R.W. Alexander and B. Avramovic
(Power System Restoration WG), "Overvoltage control
during restoration", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
[291] Y. Rajotte, J. Fortin and G. Raymond, "Impedance of
multigrounded neutrals on rural distribution systems",
1453-1459, July 1995.
[292] W.F. Long, "A study on some switching aspects of a
double circuit HVDC transmission line", IEEE Trans.
Power Apparatus and Systems, vol. 92, pp. 734-741,
March/April 1973.
[293] B.R. Shperling and A. Fakheri, "Single-phase
switching parameters for untransposed EHV
transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 98, no. 2, pp. 643-654, March/April
1979.
[294] B.C. Papadias, "The accuracy of statistical methods in
evaluating the insulation of EHV systems", IEEE
3, pp. 992-999, May/June 1979.
[295] S.H. Sarkinen, G.G. Schockelt and J.H. Brunke,
"High frequency switching surges in EHV shunt
reactor installation with reduced insulation levels",
98, no. 3, pp. 1013-1021, May/June 1979.
[296] D. Bhasavanich et al., "Digital simulation and field
measurements of transients associated with large
capacitor bank switching on distribution systems",
104, no. 8, pp. 2274-2282, August 1985.
[297] A.C. Legate, J.H. Brunke, J.J. Ray and E.J. Yasuda,
"Elimination of closing resistor on EHV circuit
breakers", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 3, no.
1, pp. 223-231, January 1988.
[298] R.S. Bayless et al., "Capacitor switching and
transformer transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
[299] J.R. Ribeiro and M.E. McCallum, "An application of
metal oxide surge arresters in the elimination of need
for closing resistors in EHV breakers", IEEE Trans.
January 1989.
[300] E.J. Michelis, "Comparison between measurement and
calculation of line switching with inductive and
complex source", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
4, no. 2, pp. 1432-1440, April 1989.
[301] K.H. Lee and J.M. Schneider, "Rockport transient
voltage monitoring system : Analysis and simulation of
recorded waveform", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 1794-1805, July 1989.
[302] G.T. Wrate et al., "Transient overvoltages on a three
terminal DC transmission system due to monopolar
ground faults", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
5, no. 2, pp. 1047-1053, April 1990.
[303] K.C. Lee and K.P. Poon, "Statistical switching
overvoltage analysis of the first B.C. Hydro phase
shifting transformer using the Electromagnetic
Transients Program", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
[304] B.C. Furumasu and R.M. Hasibar, "Design and
installations of 500-kV back-to-back shunt capacitor
banks", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 7, no.
2, pp. 539-545, April 1992.
[305] F. Iliceto, F.M. Gatta, E. Cinieri and G. Asan, "TRVs
across circuit breakers of series compensated lines.
8-14
Status with present technology and analysis for the
Turkish 420-kV grid", IEEE Trans. on Power
[306] A.K. McCabe et al., "Design and testing of a
three-break 800 kV SF6 circuit breaker with ZnO
varistors for shunt reactor switching", IEEE Trans. on
1992.
[307] N. Kolcio et al., "Transient overvoltages and
overcurrents on 12.47 kV distribution lines : Computer
modeling results", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 359-366, January 1993.
[308] B. Bhargava et al., "Effectiveness of pre-insertion
inductors for mitigating remote overvoltages due to
shunt capacitor energization", IEEE Trans. on Power
[309] D. Elkins, A.C. Jain and T.E. McDermott,
"Transients during 138-kV SF6 breaker switching of
low inductance currents", IEEE Trans. on Industry
Applications, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 721-726, July/August
1993.
[310] R.G. Andrei, A.J.F. Keri, R.J. Albanese and P.B.
Johnson, "Bridge capacitor bank installation concept
reactive power generation in EHV systems", IEEE
Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 8, no. 4, pp.
1463-1470, November 1993.
[311] C.W. Taylor and A.L. Van Leuven, "CAPS :
Improving power system stability using the time-
overvoltage capability of large shunt capacitor banks",
783-792, April 1996.
[312] D.F. Peelo et al., "Mitigation of circuit breaker
transient recovery voltages associated with current
limiting reactors", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 865-871, April 1996.
[313] Q. Bui-Van et al., "Performance of series-compensated
line circuit breakers under delayed current-zero
conditions", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 12,
no. 1, pp. 227-233, January 1997.
[314] K. Froehlich et al., "Controlled closing on shunt
reactor compensated transmission lines. Part I :
Closing control device development", IEEE Trans. on
1997.
[315] K. Froehlich et al., "Controlled closing on shunt
reactor compensated transmission lines. Part II :
Application of closing control device for high speed
autoreclosing on BC Hydro 500 kV transmission line",
741-746, April 1997.
[316] L. Prikler, G. Ban and G. Banfai, "EMTP models for
simulation of shunt reactor switching transients",
Electrical Power and Energy Systems, vol. 19, no. 4,
pp. 235-240, May 1997.
[317] X. Wang and M.R. Iravani, "Energization transients
of shunt reactors", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
[318] J.J. Burke and E.C. Sakshaug, "The application of
gapless arresters on underground distribution systems",
100, no. 3, pp. 1234-1243, March 1981.
[319] J. Ozawa et al., "Lightning surge analysis in a multi-
conductor system for substation insulation design",
104, no. 8, pp. 2244-2254, August 1985.
[320] F. Iliceto et al., "New concepts on MV distribution
from insulated shield wires of HV lines", IEEE Trans.
October 1989.
[321] M. Rioual, "Measurements and computer simulation of
fast transients through indoor and outdoor substations",
117-123, January 1990.
[322] J. Panek, M. Sublich and H. Elahi, "Criteria for
phase-to-phase clearances of HV substations", IEEE
January 1990.
[323] H. Elahi et al., "Lightning overvoltage protection of
the Paddock 362-145 kV gas-insulated substation",
144-150, January 1990.
[324] Q. Bui-Van et al., "Overvoltage studies for the
St-Lawrence River 500-kV DC cable crossing", IEEE
1205-1215, July 1991.
[325] A.J.F. Keri, Y.I. Musa and J.A. Halladay, "Insulation
coordination for delta connected transformers", IEEE
April 1994.
[326] M. Sanders, G. Kppl and J. Kreuzer, "Insulation
co-ordination aspects for power stations with generator
circuit breakers", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
10, no. 3, July 1995.
[327] A. Inoue and S. Kanao, "Observation and analysis of
multi-phase grounding faults caused by lightning",
353-360, January 1996.
[328] N. Fujiwara et al., "Development of a pin-post
insulator with built-in metal oxide varistors for
distribution lines", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 824-833, April 1996.
[329] Y. Matsumoto et al., "Measurement of lightning surges
on test transmission line equipped with arresters struck
by natural and triggered lightning", IEEE Trans. on
8-15
1996.
[330] R.J. Harrington and M. Mueen, "A simple approach
to improve lightning performance of an uprated
substation", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11,
no. 3, pp. 1633-1639, July 1996.
[331] K. Nakada et al., "Energy absorption of surge arresters
on power distribution lines due to direct lightning
strokes", Paper PE-384-PWRD-0-01-1997, presented
at the 1997 IEEE PES Winter Meeting, February 2-6,
1997, New York.
[332] H. Motoyama et al., "Observation and analysis of
multiphase back flashover on the Okushishiku test
transmission line caused by winter lightning", Paper
PE-204-PWRD-0-12-1997, presented at the 1998 IEEE
PES Winter Meeting, February 1-5, 1998, Tampa.
[333] F.E. Menter and L. Grcev, "EMTP-based model for
grounding system analysis", IEEE Trans. on Power
[334] M. Heimbach and L. Grcev, "Grounding system
analysis in transients programs applying
electromagnetic field approach", IEEE Trans. on
1997.
[335] S. Narimatsu et al., "Interrupting performance of
capacitive current by disconnecting switch for gas
insulated switchgear", IEEE Trans. on Power
2732, June 1981.
[336] S. Matsumara and T. Nitta, "Surge propagation in gas
insulated substation", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 100, no. 6, pp. 3047-3054, June
1981.
[337] S.A. Boggs et al., "Disconnect switch induced
transients and trapped charge in gas-insulated
substations", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
Systems, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 3593-3602, October
1982.
[338] N. Fujimoto, E.P. Dick, S.A. Boggs and G.L. Ford,
"Transient ground potential rise in gas-insulated
substations - Experimental studies", IEEE Trans. on
3603-3609, October 1982.
[339] E.P. Dick, N. Fujimoto, G.L. Ford and S. Harvey,
"Transient ground potential rise in gas-insulated
substations - Problem identification and mitigation",
101, no. 6, pp. 3610-3619, October 1982.
[340] L. Blahous and T. Gysel, "Mathematical investigation
of the transient overvoltages during disconnector
switching in GIS", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 102, no. 9, pp. 3088-3097,
September 1983.
[341] S. Ogawa et al., "Estimation of restriking transient
overvoltage on disconnecting switch for GIS", IEEE
April 1986.
[342] T. Yoshida et al., "Distribution of induced grounding
current in large-capacity GIS using multipoint
grounding system", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 120-127, October 1986.
[343] J. Ozawa et al., "Suppression of fast transient
overvoltage during gas disconnector switching in GIS",
194-201, October 1986.
[344] S. Yanabu et al., "Estimation of fast transient
overvoltage in gas-insulated substation", IEEE Trans.
October 1990.
[345] S. Okabe, M. Kan and T. Kouno, "Analysis of surges
measured at 550 kV substations", IEEE Trans. on
1991.
[346] Z. Haznadar, C. Carsimamovic and R. Mahmutceha-
jic, "More accurate modeling of gas insulated
substation components in digital simulations of very
fast electromagnetic transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
[347] A. Ardito et al., "Accurate modeling of capacitively
graded bushings for calculation of fast transient
overvoltages in GIS", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1316-1327, July 1992.
[348] Y. Yamagata et al., "Suppresion of VFT in 1100 kV
GIS by adopting resistor-fitted disconnector", IEEE
872-880, April 1996.
6.2 SECONDARY ARC STUDIES
[349] A.J. Fakheri et al., "Single-phase switching tests on
the AEP 675 kV system - Extinction time for large
secondary arc currents", IEEE Trans. on Power
2783, August 1983.
[350] S. Goldberg, W. Horton and D. Tziouvaras, "A
computer model of the secondary arc in single-phase
operation of transmission lines", IEEE Trans. on
1989.
[351] G. Thomann, S.R. Lambert and S. Phaloprakan,
"Non-optimum compensation schemes for single pole
reclosing on EHV double circuit transmission lines",
IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 651
-659, April 1993.
8-16
[352] D. Woodford, "Secondary arc effects in AC/DC
hybrid transmission", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 704-711, April 1993.
[353] M. Kizilcay and T. Pniok, "Digital simulation of fault
arcs in power systems", European Transactions on
Electrical Power Engineering, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 55-
60, January/February 1991.
6.3 SUBSYNCHRONOUS RESONANCE
[354] P.M. Anderson, B.L. Agrawal and J.E. Van Ness,
Subsynchronous Resonance in Power Systems, IEEE
Press, New York, 1990.
[355] IEEE Subsynchronous Resonance Task Force, "First
benchmark model for computer simulation of
subsynchronous resonance", IEEE Trans. on Power
1572, Septembr/October 1977.
[356] IEEE Subsynchronous Resonance Working Group,
"Second benchmark model for computer simulation of
subsynchronous resonance", IEEE Trans. on Power
1066, May 1985.
[357] B.L. Agrawal and R.G. Farmer, "Effective damping
for SSR analysis of parallel turbine-generators", IEEE
Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 3, no. 4, pp.
1441-1448, November 1988.
[358] IEEE Subsynchronous Resonance WG, "Comparison
of SSR calculations and test results", IEEE Trans. on
Power Systems, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 336-344, February
1989.
[359] M.R. Iravani, "Coupling phenomenon of torsional
modes", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 4, no.
3, pp. 881-888, August 1989.
[360] R.M. Hamouda, M.R. Iravani and R. Hackam,
"Torsional oscillations of series capacitor compensated
AC/DC systems", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol.
4, no. 3, pp. 889-896, August 1989.
[361] M.R. Iravani, "Torsional oscillations of
unequally-loaded parallel identical turbine-generators",
1514-1524, October 1989.
[362] A. Edris, "Series compensated schemes reducing the
potential of subsynchronous resonance", IEEE Trans.
February 1990.
[363] M.R. Iravani, "A method for reducing transient
torsional stresses of turbine-generator shaft segments",
20-27, February 1992.
[364] M.R. Iravani and A. Semlyen, "Hopf bifurcations in
torsional dynamics", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
[365] V. Atarod, P.L. Dandeno and M.R. Iravani, "Impact
of synchronous machine constants and models on the
analysis of torsional dynamics", IEEE Trans. on Power
1992.
[366] A. Edris, "Subsynchronous resonance countermeasure
using phase imbalance", IEEE Trans. on Power
1993.
[367] W. Shi and M.R. Iravani, "Effect of HVDC line faults
on transient torsional torques of turbine-generator
shafts", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 9, no. 3,
pp. 1457-1464, August 1994.
[368] M.K. Donnelly et al., "Control of a dynamic brake to
reduce turbine-generator shaft transient torques", IEEE
February 1993.
[369] R.A. Achilles, "Predicting shaft torque amplification",
407-412, February 1995.
6.4 POWER ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS : HVDC, FACTS
AND CUSTOM POWER DEVICES, ADJUSTABLE SPEED
DRIVES
[370] J. Reeve and S.P. Chen, "Versatile interactive digital
simulator based on EMTP for AC/DC power system
transient studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus
and Systems, vol. 103, no. 12, pp. 3625-3633,
December 1984.
[371] J. Reeve and S.P. Chen, "Digital simulation of a
multiterminal HVDC transmission system", IEEE
12, pp. 3634-3642, December 1984.
[372] D.A. Woodford, "Validation of digital simulation of
DC links", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
1985.
[373] T. Ino et al., "Validation of digital simulation of DC
links - Part II", IEEE Trans. on Power Apparatus and
1985.
[374] S. Bhattacharya and H.W. Dommel, "A new
commutation margin control representation for digital
simulation of HVDC system transients", IEEE Trans.
August 1988.
[375] J. Reeve and R. Adapa, "A new approach to dynamic
analysis of AC networks incorporating detailed
modeling of DC systems. Part I : Principles and
implementation", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
8-17
3, no. 4, pp. 2005-2011, October 1988.
[376] R. Adapa and J. Reeve, "A new approach to dynamic
analysis of AC networks incorporating detailed
modeling of DC systems. Part II : Application to
interaction of DC and weak AC systems", IEEE Trans.
October 1988.
[377] S.Arabi, M.Z. Tarnawecky and M.R. Iravani,
"Dynamic performance of an HVDC quasi 24-pulse
series tapping station", IEEE Trans. on Power
[378] H.R. Puente et al., "Energization of large shunt
reactors near static VAR compensators and HVDC
converters", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 4,
no. 1, pp. 629-636, January 1989.
[379] T. Shome et al., "Adjusting converter controls for
paralleled DC converters using a digital transient
simulation program", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
[380] L.A.S. Pilotto, M. Szechtman and A.E. Hammad,
"Transient AC voltage related phenomena for HVDC
schemes connected to weak AC systems", IEEE Trans.
on Power Delivery, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1396-1404, July
1992.
[381] P. Kuffel et al., "Development and validation of
detailed controls models of the Nelson River Bipole 1
HVDC system", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
8, no. 1, pp. 351-358, January 1993.
[382] A. Hammad et al., "Controls modelling and
verification for the Pacific Intertie HVDC 4-terminal
scheme", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 8, no.
1, pp. 367-375, January 1993.
[383] G. Morin et al., "Modeling of the Hydro-Quebec -
New England HVDC system and digital control with
EMTP", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 8, no.
2, pp. 559-566, April 1993.
[384] J. Reeve and M. Sultan, "Robust adaptive control of
HVDC systems", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
9, no. 3, pp. 1487-1493, July 1994.
[385] X. Jiang and A.M. Gole, "Energy recovery filter with
variable quality factor", IEEE Trans. on Power
[386] O.B. Nayak et al., "Dynamic performance of static and
synchronous compensators at an HVDC inverter bus in
a very weak AC system", IEEE Trans. on Power
Delivery, vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 1350-1358, August 1994.
[387] R. Verdolin et al., "Induced overvoltages on an
AC-DC hybrid transmission system", IEEE Trans. on
1995.
[388] A. Sarshar, M.R. Iravani and J. Li, "Calculation of
HVDC converter noncharacteristic harmonics using
digital time-domain simulation methods", IEEE Trans.
January 1996.
[389] M. Sato et al., "HVDC converter control for fast
power recovery after AC system fault", IEEE Trans.
July 1997.
[390] R.H. Lasseter and S.Y. Lee, "Digital simulation of
static VAR system transients", IEEE Trans. on Power
Apparatus and Systems, vol. 101, no. 10, pp.
4171-4177, October 1982.
[391] J. He and N. Mohan, "Switch-mode var compensator
with minimized switching losses and energy storage
elements", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 5, no.
1, pp. 90-95, February 1990.
[392] A.M. Gole and V.K. Sood, "A static compensator
model for use with electromagnetic transients
simulation programs", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 5, no. 3, pp. 1398-1407, July 1990.
[393] E. Lerch, D. Povh and L. Xu, "Advanced SVC
control for damping power system oscillations", IEEE
May 1991.
[394] S.Y. Lee et al.,"Detailed modeling of static var
compensators using the Electromagnetic Transients
Program (EMTP)", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery,
vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 836-847, April 1992.
[395] A.N. Vasconcelos et al. "Detailed modeling of an
actual static var compensator for electromagnetic
transients studies", IEEE Trans. on Power Systems,
[396] S. Lefebvre and L. Grin-Lajoie, "A static
compensator model for the EMTP", IEEE Trans. on
[397] H.K. Tyll et al., "Design considerations for the Eddy
County static var compensator", IEEE Trans. on
1994.
[398] W. Xu et al., "Harmonics from SVC transformer
saturation with direct current offset", IEEE Trans. on
1994.
[399] R.A. Kagalwala et al., "Transient analysis of
distribution class adaptive var compensators :
Simulation and field test results", IEEE Trans. on
1995.
[400] Q. Zhao and J. Jiang, "Robust SVC controller design
for improving power system damping", IEEE Trans.
November 1995.
[401] J.A. Martinez, "EMTP simulation of a digitally-
8-18
controlled static var system for optimal load
compensation", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
10, no. 3, pp. 1408-1415, July 1995.
[402] N.C. Abi-Smara et al., "Analysis of thyristor-
controlled shunt SSR countermeasures", IEEE Trans.
584-597, March 1985.
[403] W. Zhu et al., "An EMTP study of SSR mitigation
using the Thyristor Controlled Series Capacitor", IEEE
1479-1485, July 1995.
[404] R.J. Piwko et al., "Subsynchronous resonance
performance tests of the Slatt thyristor-controlled series
capacitor", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11,
no. 2, pp. 1112-1119, April 1996.
[405] R. Rajaraman et al., "Computing the damping of
subsynchronous oscillations due to a thyristor
controlled series capacitor", IEEE Trans. on Power
[405] B. Pilvelait, T.H. Ortmeyer and D. Maratukulam,
"Advanced series compensation for transmission
systems using a switched capacitor module", IEEE
April 1993.
[406] S.G. Helbing and G.G. Karady, "Investigations of an
advanced form of series compensation", IEEE Trans.
on Power Delivery, vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 939-947, April
1994.
[407] S.G. Jalali et al., "A stability model for the Advanced
Series Compensator (ASC)", IEEE Trans. on Power
[408] T. Godart et al., "Feasibility of Thyristor Controlled
Series Capacitor for distribution substation
enhancements", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
10, no. 1, pp. 203-209, January 1995.
[409] C.J. Hatziadoniu and A.T. Funk, "Development af a
control scheme for a series-connected solid-state
synchronous voltage source", IEEE Trans. on Power
[410] K. Habashi et al., "Design of a 200 MW Interphase
Power Controller prototype", IEEE Trans. on Power
[411] R.W. Menzies and Y. Zhuang, "Advanced static
compensation using a multilevel GTO thyristor
inverter", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 10,
no. 2, pp. 732-738, April 1995.
[412] Y. Zhuang et al., "Dynamic performance of a
STATCON at an HVDC inverter feeding a very weak
AC system", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11,
no. 2, pp. 958-964, April 1996.
[413] C. Hochgraf and R.H. Lasseter, "A transformer-less
static synchronous compensator employing a multi-
level inverter", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol.
12, no. 2, pp. 881-887, April 1997.
[414] D.N. Kosterev, "Modeling synchronous voltage source
converters in transmission system planning studies",
947-952, April 1997.
[415] B.M. Han, G.G. Karady, J.K. Park and S.I. Moon,
"Interaction analysis model for transmission static
compensator with EMTP", Paper PE-108-PWRD-0-12-
1997, presented at the 1998 IEEE PES Winter Meeting,
[416] L. Gyugyi et al., "The Unified Power Flow Controller
: A new approach to power transmission control",
1085-1097, April 1995.
[417] R. Mihalic, P. Zunko and D. Povh, "Improvement of
transient stability using Unified Power Flow
Controller", IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, vol. 11,
no. 1, pp. 485-492, January 1996.
[418] X. Lombard and P.G. Therond, "Control of Unified
Power Flow Controller : Comparison of methods on
the basis of a detailed numerical model", IEEE Trans.
on Power Systems, vol. 12, no. 2, pp. 824-830, May
1997.
[419] I. Papic, P. Zunko, D. Povh and M. Weinhold, "Basic
control of Unified Power Flow Controller", IEEE
Trans. on Power Systems, vol. 12, no. 4, pp. 1734-
1739, November 1997.
[420] K.K. Sen and E.J. Stacey, "UPFC - Unified Power
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BIBLIOGRAPHY ON MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SYSTEMS

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