Documentation: Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) fed Bowtie antenna (9GHz)

Abstract This paper describes the design of an

bow-tie antenna, using a lumped port excitation for
the Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) feed. We used
copper cladding for cutout and for substrate
dielectric material named Arlon Cu Clad 217(tm).The
CPW slots and antenna shape acts as openings in a
metallized plane. It is covered with air box depending
on the minimum distance between the air wall and
the radiating aperture at the starting frequency i.e.,
(9. 5mm).
This design takes into account the width of the
triangular antenna as measured by varying the design
of the antenna is obtained to operate at a center
frequency of 9 GHz which is fed and we consider that
the conductive surface is external. This triangular
antenna has the ability to increase bandwidth.
I ndex Terms CPW, Bow-Tie,
I. INTRODUCTION
OW-TIE antennas have long been used for
applications requiring the use of radiators with
broadband characteristics such as impulse
ground-penetrating radar (GPR).
Printed slot antennas fed by coplanar waveguide (CPW)
have many pros over microstrip antennas. Bow-tie and
bow-tie slot antennas are good performers for wideband
applications.

Generally waveguide refers to any linear structure that
conveys electromagnetic waves between its end points.
Most commonly is a hollow metal pipe used to carry
radio waves. So, this type of wave guide is used as a
transmission line mostly at microwave frequencies, for
such purposes as connecting microwave transmitters and
receivers to their antennas, in equipment such as
microwave ovens, radar sets, satellite communications,
and microwave radio links.

In this paper, bow-tie slot antenna geometry with lumped
port feed is studied and designed for wideband
applications and for the operating frequency of 9GHz.

II. THEORY
The bow-tie antennas are designed to improve the
bandwidth so I can both receive several points
using a single antenna with a good setup it in order
to have good efficiency for receipt or transmission
of information.

Bow-tie antenna geometry and Analysis:

The geometry of the CPW fed bowtie antenna is
shown in Fig. 1. The tapering from the CPW to the
bow-tie slot is to achieve better matching with
lumped port. The antenna is studied for 2mm
substrate with r = 2.17 and to create a ground for
substrate we use copper cladding as its dielectric
material in XY-plane. We assign a finite
conductivity boundary to the copper cladding. Then
we create Feed cut out with dimensions 13mm X
0.6mm and later we create bowtie arms, unite them.
Then finished making the dipole with a triangle on
one of its ends proceed to use the mirror function to
have two bowtie arms. Next we have subtracted the
Bowtie from the cladding and then assign a mesh
operation on the bowtie along the length. Then
assign lumped port excitation with resistance 50
and reactance 0 with a single mode.
The analysis is performed between various
frequency bands but we consider better air volume
which suits better i.e., 8-12 GHz. Therefore the
minimum distance between the air volume wall and
the radiating aperture should be one quarter
wavelength at 8 GHz, or 0.25(c/f) =9.375mm.The
dimension is rounded to 9.5mm spacing.



Figure 1: CPW FED BOWTI E ANTENNA

Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) fed Bowtie
Antenna (9GHz)
Jordn Daro, Tene Cristina, Tixi Deysi
Code: 246191, 251,244

B
Documentation: Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) fed Bowtie antenna (9GHz)

BOUNDARIES:
Finite Conductivity of CuClad: by default
the outer edge of a wave port is defined to
have a Perfect E boundary. As shown in the
figure the port within a waveguide because this
is no problem because it is a transmission line.


Fig2: Finite conductivity of Copper cladding

Radiation of Airbox- also known as
absorbing boundaries enable to model a
surface as electrically open.


Fig3: Radiation boundary of air box

Excitation of lumped port.- Figure 4 shows
lumped port is generally an internal excitation.
Port must lie in a single plane.


Fig.4. Excitation of Lumped Port

RESULTS AND SIMULATION:

As shown in figure 5. we completed our antenna
which has measurements of length equal to 27mm
and the height of 2.27mm in order to obtain our
desired frequency which in our case is 9GHz


Fig.5. Antenna bow-tie
In Figure 6 we appreciate that our antenna meets
the requirement set that is 9GHz and a bandwidth
of about 1 GHz

Fig6: Reflection coefficient

IMPEDANCE INPUT

Fig7: I nput Impedance of the antenna at 9GHz

Note that a low VSWR does not necessarily mean
radiation - the power may be absorbed or lost. Low
VSWR means power is being supplied to the
antenna and not reflected. However, in this case,
where we have no real metal materials (no
dielectric loss, and all metals are good conductors),
then it is reasonable to assume most of the energy
is radiated (which it is).

Documentation: Coplanar Waveguide (CPW) fed Bowtie antenna (9GHz)

RADIATION PATTERN:
Fig7. Shows the directivity for the operating frequency
of 9GHz.

Fig7: Radiation pattern at 9GHz at 0& 90
Gain(dB):

Fig8: Gain at 8.20-12.20GHz


IV. CONCLUSION
Comparison between the bowtie and the fractal
antennas shows that the bowtie antenna has a wider
bandwidth, higher gain, lower front-to-back ratio,
lower cross-polarization level and smaller in size.
The triangular antennas have the function of
increasing the bandwidth which is a big advantage
for designers to provide services at various
frequencies to users.


V. REFERENCES

[1] K. R. Mahmoud, Design optimization of a bow-tie antenna
for 2.45ghz rfid readers using a hybrid bso-nm algorithm,
Electronics & Communications Department, Faculty of
Engineering Helwan University Egypt, Progress In
Electromagnetics Research, PIER 100, 105-117, 2010.
[2] Users guide High Frequency Structure Simulator.
[3] Moreno Carlos, Rubio Amelia, GA Design of a Thin-Wire
Bow-Tie Antenna for GPR Applications, IEEE TRANSACTIONS
ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING, VOL. 44, NO. 4, APRIL
2006.
[4] Shahrul Eazril Bin Bakri, Bow-tie microstrip antenna
design, Electronic Engineering [Telecommunication
Electronics], Universiti Teknikal Malaysia Melaka, Mayo 2007.
[5] Ahmed M. Gomaa, Darwish A. E. Mohamed and Mohab A.
Mangoud, Double-Sided Printed Triangular Bow-Tie Antenna
for UWB Communications, Department of Electronics and
Communications Engineering, Arab Academy for Science &
Technology and Maritime Transport, B.O.Box 1029
[6] M.K.A. Rahim, M.Z.A. Abdul Aziz, C.S.Goh, BOW-TIE
MICROSTRIP ANTENNA DESIGN, Wireless communication
Centre, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi
Malaysia 813 10 UTM Skudai, Johor
[7] Bualkar Abdullah, CPW Fed Double Bowtie Microstrip
Slot Antenna 3 Array FR4 Substrate for 2.4 GHz
Communication, International Journal of Basic & Applied
Sciences IJBAS-IJENS Vol: 11 No: 01 41 116101-8585 IJBAS-
IJENS February 2011 IJENS I J E N S