Introduction

Water treatment is collectively, the industrial scale processes that makes water more acceptable
for an end use , which may be drinking, industry, or medicine. Water treatment is unlike small
scale water sterilization that campers and other people in wilderness area practice. Water
treatment should remove existing water contaminants or so reduce their concentration that their
water becomes fit for its desired end use, which may be safely returning used water to the
environment.
The process involved in treating water for drinking purpose may be solids separation using
physical processes such as settling, filtration, and chemical processes such as disinfection and
coagulation. Biological processes are employed in the treatment of wastewater and these
processes may include. For example aerated lagoons , activated sludge or slow sand filters.
Municipal water supplies are treated by public or private water utilities to make the water
portable and palatable and to insure an adequate supply of water to meet the need of the
community at a reasonable cost. Except in exceedingly rare instances, the entire supply is treated
to drinking water quality for three reason :
it is generally not feasible to supply water of more than one quality
it is difficult to control public access to water not treated to drinking water quality
and a substantial amount of treatment may be required even if the water is not intended
for human consumption.
Raw water is the withdrawn from either a surface water supply of from an underground aquifer.
The water flows or is pumped to a central treatment facility. The treated water is then pumped to
a central treatment facility. The treated water is then pumped under pressure into a distribution
system, which typically consists of a network of pipes interconnected with ground level or
elevated storage facilities. As it withdrawn from the source, surface water is usually screened
through steel bars, typically about 1 in ( 2.54 cm ) thick and about 2 in ( 5.08cm ) apart, to
prevent large objects such as logs or fish from entering the treatment facility. Finer screen are
sometimes employed to remove leaves. If the water is highly turbid, it may be pretreated in a
large basin known as pre-sedimentation basin to allow time for sand and larger silt particles to
settle out.




Example of water treatment plant processes






Company involved

The Malacca Water Corporation Berhad (cont 'd) is a company that plays a role in Malacca State water
management and responsible for the treatment and distribution of water in the State. The company has
obtained a licence from the Melaka State Government to provide clean water supply to the residents
through the enactment of the 2004 Agreement. Water supply history Malacca began over a century ago
when Dams Ayer Keroh, located approximately seven (7) miles from the Malacca town was built by ' The
Corps of Royal Engineer ' in around 1898. With built this dam, then it has to provide a source of water
supply to the population in General. Then the supply system for submission to the Municipal Council for
maintaining water supply by paying a total of RM7, 200.00 per annum to the Government as
compensation to cover the cost of the project. When Malacca town is growing so the water supply is
insufficient to meet the needs of the population. Thus, the dam was built by the Department of Asahan
Works and then handed over to the Malacca Municipal Council to operations and maintenance. Both
the cause of water from Asahan and Ayer Keroh has been used to supply water to the city of Malacca.
After the second world war, it turns out that the water supply from these two sources, namely, Asahan
and Ayer Keroh is insufficient to accommodate the increased usage.
Plans were made to build a system of supply and a loan of 490, 000 were in the tree from the
Government. This loan has been obtained but lack of staff have postponed the project until 1952 when
another plant was in the design of Plant Bukit Sebukor. The estimated cost was of 2507, 000.00. in 1963,
the State of Melaka has suffered a long drought and has affected the water supply at critical levels.
Consequently, the source of raw water for Plant Bukit Sebukor was transferred from Sungai Putat in
Batu Berendam into River in Batu Lapan, Durian Tunggal. Durian Tunggal dam was constructed in 1974
and was completed in 1976. This is to accommodate the water supply to the residents of the State of
Melaka. A plant in Bertam has also been built under the same project.
Melaka had experienced the worst water crisis in its history in 1991 when the Durian Tunggal dam which
is the heart of Malacca State water supply drying in a long drought. This crisis can be resolved in the
short term to build pond water to flushed to the Durian Tunggal dam. Water channeling project sungai
Muar-Melaka completed in 1993 completed the steps of the water crisis in addition to ensure the long
term water supply in the State of Melaka.
In 1993 Malacca water Board has undergone changes name to Malacca Water Corporation (the PUMP)
when it incorporated. On 1 July 2006 the water Corporation had incorporated enterprises being the
leading Water Melaka Berhad (cont 'd). This step to improve water supply services to users of the State
in accordance with the aspirations of the Federal Government through privatisation. After the
incorporated enterprises, Malacca Water Corporation Berhad was given the role and jurisdiction of the
wider without prejudice to all the original Water activities Perbandanan Malacca. Malacca water
company incorporated Berhad is an effort to State Government in order to strengthen the management
and distribution of water supply to the people of the State with the functions, objectives, duties and
powers of the Malacca Water Corporation Berhad which is more extensively.

Objective
expose learning about water treatment plant activities
identify the sample taking microbiological, clams and pesticide residue
knowing the level of water quality or raw water and treated water