DESIGN OF CIVIL STRUCTURES

I n t e g r a t e d S o l u t i o n S y s t e m f o r B r i d g e a n d C i v i l E n g i n e e r i n g
Release Note
Release Date : 2012.08.31
Product Ver. : Civil 2013 V1.1
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Civil 2013 V 1.1 Release Note Enhancement
Enhancements
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1. New GUI Enhancements with Ribbon Menu
2. Prestressed Box Girder Design as per AASHTO LRFD 6th Edition (2012)
3. PSC Design as per CSA-S6S1-2010 (Supplement No.1 to CAN/CSA-S6-06)
4. Moving Load Analysis Update as per AASHTO LRFD 6th Edition (2012)
5. Bridge Load Rating Update as per AASHTO LRFR 2010
6. Response Spectrum Function as per AASHTO LRFD 6th Edition (2012)
7. Moving Load Analysis Update as per CAN/CSA-S6S1-2010
8. Rail Track Analysis Model Wizard
9. Multi-linear Hinge Model (Kinematic, Takeda, Pivot, Elastic)
10. General Section Design as per AASHTO LRFD, CSA & ACI (available in V1.2)
11. Park Nonlinear Material Model
12. Improvements in Local Direction Force Sum
13. Automatic Interpolation of Section Stiffness Scale Factor in Tapered Section Group
14. Display Detail Description for Plate Forces/Stress Option
15. Improvements in Suspension Bridge Analysis Control for Initial Equilibrium State
16. Simultaneous Analysis of Time History and Response Spectrum Analysis
17. Analysis Progress Window to Check Analysis Status and Remaining Time
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Civil 2013 V 1.1 Release Note Enhancement
Civil 2013
1. New GUI Enhancements with Ribbon Menu
Enhance modeling efficiency by arranging menu tabs according to the modeling and design process.
Reducing the number of mouse clicking by placing frequently used functions at the top level of each tab menu.
Grouping load types to enter desired load data more intuitively
Specifying design code from the tab menu without opening related dialog box
Changing view point to the various isometric view or top/front/right view using View Navigation in the model view
Changing construction stages from the model view directly
Dual Tree Menu to see works tree and group tree simultaneously in construction stage model
Grouping Load Types Intuitive Icon Menus
Changing Stages
Dual Tree Menu
Selecting
Design Code
View Navigation
Civil2013
Better Accessibility in Pushover Analysis Menu
Civil2012
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Civil 2013 V 1.1 Release Note Enhancement
Civil 2013
2. Prestressed Box Girder Design as per AASHTO LRFD 6
th
Edition (2012)
PSC Design Paramet er
Flexure Design Result Table
Design Report in MS Excel
Prestressed box girder design for the following topics:
Flexure Resistance
Shear Resistance
Combined Shear and Torsion Resistance
Concrete Stress Check during Construction Stage
Concrete Stress Check at Service Limit State
Tensile Stress Check for Prestressing Tendons
Principle Stress Check during Construction Stage
Principle Stress Check at Service Limit State (with and without Torsion Effect)
Crack Width Check

Auto Generation of
Load Combination
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Civil 2013
Updated Contents from AASHTO LRFD 5
th
(2007) to 6
th
(2012)
1. Update in Auto Generation of Load Combination

2. Resistance Factor







3. Minimum Reinforcement (Clause 5.7.3.3.2)







4. Stress Limit Check (Refer to the next page.)

5. Classification of Serviceability Limit State load combination
for concrete stress verification.
Service Limit 1: Applied in compressive stress verification
Service Limit 3: Applied in tensile stress verification

3 1 2
( ) 1
c
cr r cpe c dnc
nc
S
M f f S M
S

( | |
= +
( |
\ .
Civil 2012 (V1.1) Civil 2013 (V1.1)
Auto Generation of Load Combination
0.75 0.002
t
if =
0.583 0.25 0.002 0.005
t
t
d
if
c
= + < <
1.0 0.005
t
if =
max(1.33 , )
r u cr
M M M
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Civil 2013 V 1.1 Release Note Enhancement
Civil 2013
Tensile Stress Limits in Prestressed Concrete Before Losses
Stress Limit for Concrete and Prestressing Steel
Tensile Stress Limits in Prestressed Concrete at Service limit state after Losses
Construction
Type
Case Allowable stress(ksi)
Non-Segment
Precompressed
Tensile Zone
Without bonded reinforcement and bonded tendon ta = 0.0
With bonded reinforcement or b
onded tendon
reinforcement stress min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.24*SQRT(f'ci)
reinforcement stress > min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.0
Other Than
Precompressed
Tensile Zone
Without bonded reinforcement and bonded tendon ta = 0.0948f'ci 0.2
With bonded reinforcement or b
onded tendon
reinforcement stress min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.24*SQRT(f'ci)
reinforcement stress > min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.0
Segment
Joint
Precompressed tensile Zone
With bonded reinforcement or
bonded tendon
reinforcement stress 0.5fy ta = 0.0948*SQRT(f'ci)
reinforcement stress > 0.5fy ta = 0.0
Other cases ta = 0.0
Non Joint
With bonded reinforcement or b
onded tendon
reinforcement stress min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.19*SQRT(f'ci)
reinforcement stress > min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.0
Other cases ta = 0.0
Construction
Type
Case Allowable stress(ksi)
Non-Segment
Precompressed
Tensile Zone
With bonded reinforcement or bo
nded tendon
corrosion condition - not Worse ta = 0.19*sqrt(fck)
corrosion condition - severe ta = 0.0948*sqrt(fck)
Without bonded reinforcement and bonded tendon ta = 0.0
Other Than Precompressed Tensile Zone ta = 0.0
Segment
Joint
(Precompressed Tensile Zone) and
(With bonded reinforcement or b
onded tendon)
reinforcement stress 0.5fy, ta = 0.0948*SQRT(f'c)
reinforcement stress > 0.5fy, ta = 0.0
Other cases ta = 0.0
Non Joint
With bonded reinforcement or bo
nded tendon
reinforcement stress min(0.5fy, 30ksi) , ta = 0.19*SQRT(f'c)
Reinforcement stress > min(0.5fy, 30ksi) ta = 0.0
Other cases ta = 0.0
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Civil 2013
Condition
Stress
Relieved
tendon
Low
Relaxation
tendon
Prestressing bars
Pre-tensioning
Immediately prior to transfer (AFDL1) 0.70fpu 0.75fpy fpu
At service limit state after all losses (AFLL1) 0.80fpy 0.80fpy 0.85fpy
Post-tensioning
At Anchorage and couplers immediately after anchor set (AFDL1) 0.70fpu 0.70fpu 0.70fpu
Elsewhere along length of member away from anchorage and coupler
immediately after anchor set (AFDL2)
0.70fpu 0.74fpu 0.70fpu
At service limit state after losses (AFLL1) 0.80fpy 0.80fpy 0.80fpy
Tensile Stress Limit for Prestressing Steel
Compressive Stress Limit before Losses
Compression stress limit = 0.60f'ci (ksi)
Compressive Stress Limit at Service Limit State after Losses
Compression stress limit = 0.45f'c (ksi)
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1. Improvements in Excel Design Report
All the equations and parameters can be checked in MS Excel format report
with related clause of AASHTO LRFD specification.

2. Specified compressive strength at time of initial loading, f'ci
f'ci is obtained using time dependent material data with stage duration. In
Civil 2012, it was calculated as 80% of specified compressive strength in
design, 0.8 fci. It will affect the concrete stress limit before losses.

3. Precompressed tensile zone
In Civil 2012, precompressed tensile zone which is used in tensile stress
limit in prestressing concrete was not considered. It is now applied in the
following region:
Compressive stress due to "Tendon Primary(CS)+Tendon Secondary(CS)
Tensile stress due to "Summation(CS)-(Tendon Primary + Tendon Secondary)

4. Consideration of tendon in compressive region
In Civil 2012, when calculating neutral axis and flexural resistance, tendons
in compressive region was ignored. It is now considered for more accurate
flexural resistance calculation.

5. Shear resistance considering tendon primary force
When calculating shear resistance, tendon primary force is now considered
regardless of the load combination. In Civil 2012, it was considered only
when the load combination contain tendon secondary force.
Additional Improvements in PSC Design
Civil 2012 (V1.1)
Civil 2013 (V1.1)
PSC Design Report in MS Excel Format
Calculation of fci
0.8fci
Civil 2012 (V1.1) Civil 2013 (V1.1)
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Civil 2013
3. PSC Design as per CSA-S6S1-2010 (Supplement No.1 to CAN/CSA-S6-06)
Prestressed box girder design for the following topics:
Flexure Resistance
Shear Resistance
Combined Shear and Torsion Resistance
Concrete Stress Check during Construction Stage
Concrete Stress Check at Service Limit State
Tensile Stress Check for Prestressing Tendons
Principle Stress Check during Construction Stage
Principle Stress Check at Service Limit State (with and without Torsion Effect)
Crack Width Check

PSC Design Paramet er
Design Report in MS Excel
Auto Generation of
Load Combination
PSC Design Force and Resistance Diagram
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Civil 2013
Flexural Design Process
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Civil 2013
Shear and Torsion Design Process
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Civil 2013
4. Moving Load Anal ysis Update as per AASHTO LRFD 6
th
Edition (2012)
When considering 90% of the effect of two design trucks for negative moment between points of contraflexure under a uniform load on all spans, and reaction at
interior piers only, it was able to placed in one span. In Civil, it is now placed in adjacent spans to produce maximum force effect as written in the specification. For
this, the user needs to specify Span Start in Traffic Lane dialog box.

Permit vehicle can be applied with any standard or user defined vehicles. In Civil 2012, the permit vehicle was able to loaded alone.
Civil 2012 (V1.1)
Civil 2013 (V1.1)
2 Desi gn Trucks i n Adj acent Spans Si mul taneous Loadi ng of Permi t and 93 TRK Vehi cl e
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Civil 2013

Considering 2 design trucks for negative moment region or interior supports
Civil 2012 Civil 2013
Forces
My (negative) Considered Considered
My (Positive) Not considered Not considered
Fx, Fy, Fz, Mx, Mz
(both positive & negative)
Not considered Considered
Stresses
Axial/Flexural
Combined stresses
Not considered Considered
Displacements All components Not considered Not considered
Reactions
Fz Considered Considered
Fx, FY, MX, MY, MZ Not considered Considered
Combined stress calculation considering 90% of the effect of two design truck
In Civil 2012, when calculating combined stress, axial stress was not obtained from 2 design trucks whereas flexural stress was obtained from 2 design trucks.
Therefore the combined stress was not calculated from the concurrent forces. It is now improved to consider the concurrent effect in any case.
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5. Bridge Load Rating Update as per AASHTO LRFR 2010
Rati ng Case and Parameter Di al og Box
In Bridge Load Rating, flexural and shear resistance calculation has been updated in accordance with AASHTP LRFD 12 specification.
Bridge load rating provides the following results:
Rating Result Summary of Service Limit State
Rating Result Summary of Strength Limit State
Concrete Stress
Prestressing Steel Tension
Flexural Rating Data
Shear Strength
Concrete Stress Data
Prestressing Steel Tension Data
Flexural Capacity Demand Ratio
Shear Strength Data
Rati ng Resul t Summary of Servi ce Li mi t State
Rati ng Factor Di agram
Concrete Stress
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6. Response Spectrum Function as per AASHTO LRFD 6
th
Edition (2012)
Response spectrum function as per AASHTO LRFD 2012 has been implemented.
By specifying the following option, desired spectrum data is automatically generated :
Site Class
Peak Ground Acceleration Coefficient (PGA)
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient at Period 0.2 sec (Ss)
Spectral Acceleration Coefficient at Period 1.0 sec (S1)
Response Modification Factor (R)
Response Spectrum Functi on Di al og Box
AASHTO LRFD Speci fi cati on
Beam Forces for Spectrum Load
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User defined type Permit Vehicle has been newly added and it can be loaded with standard or user defined vehicles simultaneously.
British Colombia state vehicle database, BCL-625Truck and BCL-625Lane, have been newly added.
Dynamic Load Allowance can be applied automatically or using user input value. The applied factor can be checked by clicking [Detail Result] button of Moving Load
Tracer. In order not to apply the dynamic load allowance factor, the user can select User Input with the value of 0 in the input field. In Civil 2012, there was no
option for dynamic load allowance and it was always applied when Influence Line Dependent Point option is selected.
In Civil 2012, when All Point option is selected in Moving Load Analysis Control, dynamic load allowance was not applied. It is now applied with considering the
number of axle as specified in the code.
7. Moving Load Anal ysis Update as per CAN/CSA-S6S1-2010
Permi t Truck Di al og Box BCL-625 Vehi cl e Di al og Box Movi ng Load Tracer and Detai l Resul t
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300 m Var. 300 m
Model with
Temperatur
e Load
Model with
train load
(gravity
direction)
Model with
train
acceleration
and braking
force
Construction Stage model with all load cases
Auto-generation of
multi-linear type elastic link
Longitudinal displacement of deck
due to acceleration and breaking force
0
1
2
3
4
5
0 100 200 300 400
L
o
n
g
i
t
u
d
i
n
a
l
D
i
s
p
.
(
m
m
)

Distance from the left abutment(m)
-4
-3
-2
-1
0
1
0 100 200 300 400
L
o
n
g
i
t
u
d
i
n
a
l
D
i
s
p
.

D
u
e

t
o

d
e
c
k

r
o
t
a
t
i
o
n

(
m
m
)

Distance from the left abutment(m)
Longitudinal displacement due to rotation
Generation of additional moving load analysis models
with referring to the most critical position
Most
Critical
Position
Additional
model
Additional
model
Additional
model
10 m 10 m 10 m
Rail Track Analysis Model Wizard generates railway analysis models to verify stresses and displacements as per International Union of Railways Code (UIC 774-3R).
For simplified separate analysis, following two model files are generated.
Case 1: thermal load case when the train loads are not applied.
Case 2: Accelerating/breaking and train vertical load cases when the resistance of ballast has the modified boundary conditions for the sections which the train
loading is on .
In stage analysis (complete analysis) model, following two stages are included.
Unloaded stage: only thermal loads are applied and train loads are not applied yet. Ballast has the resistance of Unloaded Condition for the entire sections.
Loaded stage: accelerating/braking loads and train vertical loads are included. Ballast has the resistance of Loaded Condition for the sections where the train
loads are applied.
At the loaded stage of staged analysis, the train is moved by a certain length to find the locations where additional stresses occur. Stages are added whenever the
boundary conditions are changed as the train moves.
8. Rail Track Anal ysis Model Wizard
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Takeda Hi nge Model
Multi-linear hinge properties can be defined with Elastic, Kinematic, Takeda and Pivot model for inelastic time history analysis. This model is very useful to
simulate nonlinear pilesoil interaction.
The curve can be symmetrically or asymmetrically defined. The types of corresponding elements include lumped hinge, distributed hinge, spring and truss
elements.
Hinge primary curve can be defined in the table format. Therefore the user can directly copy and paste data from MS Excel.
Ki nemati c Hi nge Model
9. Multi-linear Hinge Model (Kinematic, Takeda, Pivot, Elastic)
P
D
P2(+)
P1(+)
P2(-)
P1(-)
D1(+) D2(+)
D1(-) D2(-)
K0
(+)
( )
pl
P
+
K0
(+)
K0
(-)
P1(-)
P1(+)
K0
(-)
P1(-)

P1(+)
P1(-)
D1(+) D1(-)
P
D
Ti me Forci ng Functi on Mul ti -Linear Pl asti c Ki nemati c Hi nge Model
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Moment curvature analysis can be provided by Mender Model with defining confined area.
Interaction curves can be generated as per AASHTO-LRFD, ACI and CSA-S6S1-10 Design Code.
10. General Section Design as per AASHTO LRFD, CSA & ACI (available in V1.2)
Interacti on Curve Moment Curvature Curve
Confi ned Area
Unconfi ned Area
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Civil 2013 V 1.1 Release Note Enhancement
Civil 2013
Park model for nonlinear properties of steel has been added for Moment-Curvature curve, Fiber analysis and Ductility factor calculation.
This model is proposed by Kent and Park (1973) followed by their experiments of cyclic loading on mild steel. In this model, elastic and plastic characteristics and
strain hardening can be manipulated. Bauschinger Effect is well described by the Ramberg-Osgood equation and the results match relatively well with
experimental results.
11. Park Nonlinear Material Model
Stress-Strain curve for steel wi th l oadi ng of the same si gn
Stress-Strain curves for steel wi th reversed l oadi ng Park Inel asti c Materi al Model Moment-Curvature and Fi ber Anal ysi s
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12. Improvements in Local Direction Force Sum
Local Direction Force Sum results can be plotted in table format. In Civil 2012, it can only be viewed in text format.
Local Direction Force Sum can be used for unstructured plate meshes.
Local Di recti on force Sum for Unstructured Meshes
Local Di recti on force Sum Tabl e Output
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Ci vi l 2013 Ci vi l 2012
13. Automatic Interpolation of Section Stiffness Scale Factor in Tapered Section Group
When Section Stiffness Scale Factor is assigned to Tapered Section Group, if the user converts it to the individual tapered sections, section stiffness is now
automatically interpolated with considering the section shape and position.
It will be extremely useful to design PSC bridges for which Tapered Section Group is frequently used.
Continuous diagram is displayed by interpolating section
stiffness.
Element1
Element3
Element6
Element9
When converting Tapered Section Group into
individual tapered sections, the stiffness scale
factor is automatically interpolated.
When converting Tapered Section Group
into individual tapered sections, the stiffness
scale factor was identical for all elements.
Due to the stiffness difference between I and j
section, discontinuous diagram was generated.
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14. Display Detail Description for Plate Forces/Stress Option
In Plate Forces/Moments and Plate Stresses results, the user can select the option among Element and Average Nodal. This selection is displayed in Legend field.
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Analysis > Analysis control > Suspension Bridge Analysis Control
15. Improvements in Suspension Bridge Anal ysis Control for Initial Equilibrium State
New option is available for generating initial equilibrium state: Initial Force, Optimal Approach
Initial Force : Determine an initial configuration of a suspension bridge model by updating initial forces
Optimal Approach : Determine an initial configuration of a suspension bridge model by updating design parameters satisfying the specified constraint condition
Define Constraint
Condition
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Initial configuration analysis of earth-anchored suspension bridge
Initial configuration analysis of earth-anchored suspension bridge

Initial configuration analysis of self-anchored suspension bridge
Comparison of Moment before and after optimization
-70000
-50000
-30000
-10000
10000
30000
50000
75 85 95 105 115 125

(sag only)

-35000
-30000
-25000
-20000
-15000
-10000
-5000
0
5000
10000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60

(sag only)

-140000
-120000
-100000
-80000
-60000
-40000
-20000
0
20000
40000
0 10 20 30 40 50

(sag only)

Before Optimization
After Optimization (Sag Only)
After Optimization
Before Optimization
After Optimization (Sag Only)
After Optimization
Before Optimization
After Optimization (Sag Only)
After Optimization
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16. Simultaneous Anal ysis of Time History and Response Spectrum Anal ysis
17. Anal ysis Progress Window to Check Anal ysis Status and Remaining Time
Ci vi l 2012
Ci vi l 2013
Anal ysi s Progress Wi ndow Si mul taneous Anal ysi s for Ti me Hi story and Response Spectrum Anal ysi s
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