Pendekatan Konsep Hemat Energi

pada Proses Pelaksanaan Desain

Gedung Baru
Jatmika Adi Suryabrata,
Dept. of Architecture, Gadjah Mada University
j_suryabrata@yahoo.com
Typical energy consumption for large office: Hawaii
Around 50% to 70% of
energy consumption in
typical office building
goes to HVAC and lighting
Breakdown cooling loads: dominated by external heat gain
60%
3%
6%
23%
8%
Windows
Walls
Lighting
Equipment
Occupancy
Thermal Comfort Basics:
M Rd Cv Cd = S
Rd
Rd
Rd
Cd Cd
Rd
Cv
Olgyay s bioclimatic chart, modified for warm climates
Bioclimatic Chart
Approximate of tropical climates
SNI: 25C
Orientation & solar heat gain
Horizontal
roof
Vertical
South
Vertical
East & West
Vertical
North
Building Form & Orientation: FISIP UIN Jakarta
Building Form & Orientation: FISIP UIN Jakarta
High thermal mass
on east and west
facades to improve
time lag
North and south
oriented windows for
effective daylight
performance
Building Form & Orientation: FISIP UIN Jakarta
Building Form & Orientation: Gedung Menteri, Kementrian PU
Original block plan:
Larger area of the building is
oriented to east and west
Original building form Modified building form
Modified Building form:
1. Reduced surface exposure of the working spaces to east and west sun
2. Narrow building form improve daylight performance
Building Form & Orientation: Gedung Menteri, Kementrian PU
Light shelf better daylight distribution
Return air
Gedung Menteri, Kementrian PU: Lightshelves & thermal insulation
thermal insulation
Gedung Menteri, Kementrian PU: Mockup Lightshelves
Original building form
Modified building form
Curtain Wall insulation
Shading
12 15 18 24 9
9
1
20
0
40
60
80
100
120
140
External heat gain from building envelopes (kW)
Gedung Menteri, Kementrian PU: Daylight performance
An example of daylighting with lightshelves: D3 Faculty of Economics, UGM
Room width 8 m, an average of 200 lux is obtained at the center of the room with
all draperies are closed.
Common problem in Jakarta: curtain glass wall with closed vertical blinds
Horizontal blinds & lightshelves for better daylight control and
distribution
Gedung Menteri, Kementrian PU: Image impressions
Sun shading & double facades: an example (WS Atkins Architects)
Integrated vertical transportation: discourage using elevator/lift
Gedung Menteri PU, Jakarta FISIP-UIN, Jakarta
Olgyay s bioclimatic chart, modified for warm climates
Bioclimatic Chart: Increasing heat loss through convection
Air speed required to offset temperature increase
(Marc E. Fountain and Mward A. Arens, Ph.D)
Occupants can offset an increased thermostat setting of 4.7F (2.6C)
by providing 160 fpm (0.8 m/s) of low-cost air flow from circulator fans
and enjoy normal comfort while saving air conditioning operating cost.
On the basis of the Exeloncorp (2005) recommendation, an increase in
the thermostat setting of 4.7F would provide cooling energy savings
from 14% to 19% (Dr. Richard Aynsley)
Combination of ceiling fan and Air Conditioning: Dept of Arch, UGM
Automatic control & sensors for effective energy management
Radiant cooling system:
Reduce MRT to compensate for higher temperature setting
M Rd Cv Cd = S
Rd
Rd
Rd
Cd Cd
Rd
Cv
2
nd
floor
chiller and
HVAC
equipments
Concrete Core
Temperature
Control
Much more
efficient
Than
conventional
HVAC
Austrian embassy, Jakarta: Radiant Cooling System
Brick Wall
Insulation
Window with
double-glazing
Brick Wall
Insulation
Austrian embassy, Jakarta: high performance insulation
Wood
High performance thermal insulation for the entire building
Austrian embassy, Jakarta: Front elevation
Energy Efficient lighting design: select the appropriate luminaire
Energy Efficient lighting design: create brighter interior surfaces with up
lighting & wall washer
Energy Efficient lighting design: task and general lighting
Owner
requirements
Integrated Design
Team
Monitoring:
Design phase
Construction phase
Operational
Thank you