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Circuit Design-Data for Copper Conductors

60 Hz - Galv. Rigid Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient


Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

15
20
30
50
65
85
100
115
130
150
175
200
230
255
285
310
335
380
420
460
475
490
520
545

12
16
24
40
52
68
80
92
104
120
140
160
184
204
228
248
268
304
336
368
380
392
416
436

.0097
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4

1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

14
12
10
10
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
4
4
4
4
5

37
43
47
43
51
60
61
65
70
76
76
79
82
81
81
82
80
79
76
72
73
73
70
69

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

32
35
41
37
44
52
53
57
60
66
65
69
70
69
70
70
70
68
67
63
64
63
61
60

37
40
47
43
51
60
62
65
70
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
79
77
72
73
73
70
70

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
182
188
186
187
189
185
182
175
167
170
168
162
159

37
43
48
43
51
60
62
65
69
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
80
76
72
73
74
70
70

43
50
55
50
59
69
71
75
80
88
87
91
94
93
93
94
93
92
88
84
84
85
81
81

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
183
188
185
186
188
187
184
176
167
168
170
163
162

108
125
137
124
148
173
178
188
200
220
219
229
235
232
233
235
233
229
220
209
211
213
203
202

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Circuit Design-Data for Copper Conductors


Maximum Distance - 1 Phase
60 Hz - Intermediate Metallic Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit Ins. Eq. Conduit
Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
208
240
277
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts Volts Volts Volts
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

15
20
30
50
65
85
100
115
130
150
175
200
230
255
285
310
335
380
420
460
475
490
520
545

12
16
24
40
52
68
80
92
104
120
140
160
184
204
228
248
268
304
336
368
380
392
416
436

.0097
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4

14
12
10
10
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
4.0 **

37
43
47
43
51
60
61
65
70
76
76
79
82
81
81
82
80
79
76
72
73
73
70
69

32
35
41
37
44
52
53
57
60
66
65
69
70
69
70
70
70
68
67
63
64
63
61
60

37
40
47
43
51
60
62
65
70
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
79
77
72
73
73
70
70

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
182
188
186
187
189
185
182
175
167
170
168
162
159

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

37
43
48
43
51
60
62
65
69
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
80
76
72
73
74
70
70

43
50
55
50
59
69
71
75
80
88
87
91
94
93
93
94
93
92
88
84
84
85
81
81

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
183
188
185
186
188
187
184
176
167
168
170
163
162

108
125
137
124
148
173
178
188
200
220
219
229
235
232
233
235
233
229
220
209
211
213
203
202

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35
** .0954 sq. in.too small, use
this size rigid.

Circuit Design-Data for Copper Conductors


60 Hz - EMT Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

15
20
30
50
65
85
100
115
130
150
175
200
230
255
285
310
335
380
420
460
475
490
520
545

12
16
24
40
52
68
80
92
104
120
140
160
184
204
228
248
268
304
336
368
380
392
416
436

.0097
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4

1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3
3-1/2

1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

14
12
10
10
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4

37
43
47
43
51
60
61
65
70
76
76
79
82
81
81
82
80
79
76
72
73
73
70
69

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

32
35
41
37
44
52
53
57
60
66
65
69
70
69
70
70
70
68
67
63
64
63
61
60

37
40
47
43
51
60
62
65
70
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
79
77
72
73
73
70
70

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
182
188
186
187
189
185
182
175
167
170
168
162
159

37
43
48
43
51
60
62
65
69
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
80
76
72
73
74
70
70

43
50
55
50
59
69
71
75
80
88
87
91
94
93
93
94
93
92
88
84
84
85
81
81

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
183
188
185
186
188
187
184
176
167
168
170
163
162

108
125
137
124
148
173
178
188
200
220
219
229
235
232
233
235
233
229
220
209
211
213
203
202

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Circuit Design-Data for Copper Conductors


60 Hz - Liquidtight Flex Metal - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

15
20
30
50
65
85
100
115
130
150
175
200
230
255
285
310
335
380
420
460
475
490
520
545

12
16
24
40
52
68
80
92
104
120
140
160
184
204
228
248
268
304
336
368
380
392
416
436

.0097
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4

1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
4 **

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

14
12
10
10
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
4
4
4
4 **
5 **

37
43
47
43
51
60
61
65
70
76
76
79
82
81
81
82
80
79
76
72
73
73
70
69

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

32
35
41
37
44
52
53
57
60
66
65
69
70
69
70
70
70
68
67
63
64
63
61
60

37
40
47
43
51
60
62
65
70
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
79
77
72
73
73
70
70

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
182
188
186
187
189
185
182
175
167
170
168
162
159

37
43
48
43
51
60
62
65
69
76
76
79
81
80
81
81
81
80
76
72
73
74
70
70

43
50
55
50
59
69
71
75
80
88
87
91
94
93
93
94
93
92
88
84
84
85
81
81

86
100
110
99
118
138
142
151
160
176
175
183
188
185
186
188
187
184
176
167
168
170
163
162

108
125
137
124
148
173
178
188
200
220
219
229
235
232
233
235
233
229
220
209
211
213
203
202

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35
** Liquidtight conduit too small, use
this size rigid.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Steel Conduit - Copper Conductors - Three Phase

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
2.529
1.664
1.033
.708
.481
.334
.286
.244
.213
.179
.161
.142
.128
.123
.114
.108
.103
.097
.094
.092
.091
.088
.088
.085

.50
2.794
1.834
1.134
.773
.520
.358
.305
.259
.224
.186
.168
.146
.131
.125
.115
.109
.104
.097
.094
.092
.090
.088
.087
.085

.55
3.059
2.004
1.234
.837
.559
.382
.323
.273
.235
.194
.173
.150
.134
.127
.117
.109
.104
.097
.093
.091
.089
.087
.086
.084

.60
3.323
2.173
1.334
.901
.598
.405
.342
.287
.245
.201
.179
.154
.136
.128
.117
.110
.104
.097
.092
.090
.088
.086
.085
.082

.65
3.586
2.341
1.434
.964
.636
.428
.359
.300
.255
.207
.184
.157
.138
.129
.118
.110
.104
.096
.091
.089
.087
.084
.083
.081

.70
3.849
2.509
1.533
1.026
.673
.450
.376
.313
.264
.214
.188
.160
.139
.130
.118
.109
.103
.095
.090
.087
.085
.082
.081
.079

.75
4.111
2.676
1.631
1.088
.710
.471
.392
.325
.273
.219
.192
.162
.140
.130
.117
.108
.102
.093
.087
.085
.082
.080
.079
.076

.80
4.371
2.842
1.728
1.148
.745
.492
.408
.336
.281
.223
.195
.164
.140
.129
.115
.106
.099
.090
.085
.082
.079
.077
.075
.073

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
4.630
3.006
1.824
1.208
.780
.511
.422
.346
.288
.227
.196
.164
.139
.127
.113
.103
.096
.086
.081
.078
.075
.072
.071
.068

.90
4.887
3.169
1.918
1.265
.812
.529
.434
.355
.292
.229
.197
.162
.137
.123
.109
.099
.092
.081
.075
.072
.069
.067
.065
.063

.95
5.140
3.328
2.009
1.319
.841
.543
.443
.360
.294
.227
.194
.158
.131
.117
.102
.091
.084
.074
.067
.064
.061
.058
.057
.054

1.00
5.369
3.464
2.078
1.351
.849
.537
.433
.346
.277
.208
.173
.137
.109
.094
.078
.068
.061
.050
.043
.040
.036
.035
.033
.031
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Steel Conduit - Copper Conductors - Single Phase L-L

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
2.920
1.921
1.193
.818
.555
.386
.330
.282
.246
.206
.186
.164
.148
.141
.132
.124
.119
.112
.108
.106
.105
.102
.101
.098

.50
3.226
2.118
1.309
.893
.601
.414
.352
.299
.259
.215
.194
.169
.151
.144
.133
.126
.120
.112
.108
.106
.104
.101
.100
.098

.55
3.532
2.314
1.425
.967
.646
.441
.374
.315
.271
.224
.200
.174
.154
.146
.135
.126
.120
.112
.108
.105
.103
.101
.099
.097

.60
3.837
2.509
1.541
1.040
.690
.468
.394
.331
.283
.232
.206
.178
.157
.148
.136
.127
.120
.112
.107
.104
.102
.099
.098
.095

.65
4.141
2.703
1.656
1.113
.734
.494
.415
.347
.295
.240
.212
.182
.159
.149
.136
.127
.120
.111
.105
.103
.100
.097
.096
.093

.70
4.444
2.897
1.770
1.185
.777
.520
.434
.361
.305
.247
.217
.185
.161
.150
.136
.126
.119
.109
.104
.101
.098
.095
.094
.091

.75
4.747
3.090
1.883
1.256
.820
.544
.453
.375
.315
.253
.221
.187
.162
.150
.135
.125
.117
.107
.101
.098
.095
.092
.091
.088

.80
5.048
3.282
1.996
1.326
.861
.568
.471
.388
.324
.258
.225
.189
.162
.149
.133
.122
.115
.104
.098
.094
.091
.088
.087
.084

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
5.347
3.472
2.106
1.394
.900
.590
.487
.400
.332
.262
.227
.189
.161
.147
.130
.119
.111
.100
.093
.090
.086
.084
.082
.079

.90
5.644
3.659
2.215
1.461
.938
.610
.501
.410
.338
.264
.227
.188
.158
.143
.125
.114
.106
.094
.087
.083
.080
.077
.075
.073

.95
5.936
3.842
2.319
1.523
.971
.626
.512
.416
.340
.262
.224
.183
.152
.135
.117
.105
.097
.085
.077
.074
.070
.067
.065
.063

1.00
6.200
4.000
2.400
1.560
.980
.620
.500
.400
.320
.240
.200
.158
.126
.108
.090
.078
.070
.058
.050
.046
.042
.040
.038
.036
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Steel Conduit - Copper Conductors - Single Phase L-N

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
1.460
.961
.596
.409
.278
.193
.165
.141
.123
.103
.093
.082
.074
.071
.066
.062
.060
.056
.054
.053
.052
.051
.051
.049

.50
1.613
1.059
.655
.446
.300
.207
.176
.149
.129
.108
.097
.085
.076
.072
.067
.063
.060
.056
.054
.053
.052
.051
.050
.049

.55
1.766
1.157
.713
.483
.323
.221
.187
.158
.136
.112
.100
.087
.077
.073
.067
.063
.060
.056
.054
.053
.052
.050
.050
.048

.60
1.918
1.254
.770
.520
.345
.234
.197
.166
.142
.116
.103
.089
.079
.074
.068
.063
.060
.056
.053
.052
.051
.050
.049
.048

.65
2.070
1.352
.828
.556
.367
.247
.207
.173
.147
.120
.106
.091
.080
.075
.068
.063
.060
.055
.053
.051
.050
.049
.048
.047

.70
2.222
1.449
.885
.592
.389
.260
.217
.181
.153
.123
.109
.092
.081
.075
.068
.063
.059
.055
.052
.050
.049
.048
.047
.045

.75
2.373
1.545
.942
.628
.410
.272
.227
.188
.158
.126
.111
.094
.081
.075
.067
.062
.059
.053
.050
.049
.047
.046
.045
.044

.80
2.524
1.641
.998
.663
.430
.284
.235
.194
.162
.129
.112
.094
.081
.074
.067
.061
.057
.052
.049
.047
.046
.044
.043
.042

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
(For 3-Phase multiply by 1.732, Single Phase multiply by 2)
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs
(For 3-Phase divide by 1.732, Single Phase divide by 2)

.85
2.673
1.736
1.053
.697
.450
.295
.244
.200
.166
.131
.113
.095
.080
.073
.065
.059
.056
.050
.047
.045
.043
.042
.041
.040

.90
2.822
1.830
1.107
.730
.469
.305
.251
.205
.169
.132
.114
.094
.079
.071
.063
.057
.053
.047
.043
.042
.040
.038
.038
.036

.95
2.968
1.921
1.160
.761
.485
.313
.256
.208
.170
.131
.112
.091
.076
.068
.059
.053
.049
.043
.039
.037
.035
.034
.033
.031

1.00
3.100
2.000
1.200
.780
.490
.310
.250
.200
.160
.120
.100
.079
.063
.054
.045
.039
.035
.029
.025
.023
.021
.020
.019
.018
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by
1000 for the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet,
then multiply by the number of runs to determine the
maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Circuit Design-Data for Copper Conductors


60 Hz - PVC Sch 40 Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

15
20
30
50
65
85
100
115
130
150
175
200
230
255
285
310
335
380
420
460
475
490
520
545

12
16
24
40
52
68
80
92
104
120
140
160
184
204
228
248
268
304
336
368
380
392
416
436

.0097
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4

1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
5

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

14
12
10
10
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
5
5

38
43
48
43
52
61
63
71
76
80
79
85
88
89
89
91
91
92
89
86
88
87
85
86

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

33
38
41
38
45
53
55
61
66
69
69
74
76
77
77
78
79
79
77
73
76
75
74
75

38
43
48
43
52
61
63
71
76
80
80
86
88
89
89
90
91
91
89
85
88
86
85
86

87
100
110
100
120
141
146
163
175
185
183
197
203
206
206
211
211
212
206
198
202
202
196
199

38
43
48
43
52
61
63
70
76
80
80
86
88
89
89
91
91
91
90
86
87
87
85
85

43
50
55
50
60
71
73
81
88
92
92
99
101
103
103
105
105
105
104
99
100
100
98
98

87
100
110
100
120
141
146
163
175
184
184
197
202
206
206
210
211
211
207
198
201
201
196
197

108
125
138
125
150
176
182
203
219
230
230
247
253
258
258
263
263
263
259
247
251
251
244
246

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - PVC Conduit - Copper Conductors - Three Phase

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
2.506
1.642
1.013
.688
.461
.316
.268
.218
.188
.162
.144
.125
.112
.104
.098
.091
.088
.081
.078
.077
.074
.073
.070
.069

.50
2.772
1.813
1.114
.753
.501
.340
.287
.232
.199
.170
.151
.130
.115
.107
.100
.093
.089
.082
.078
.077
.073
.073
.070
.068

.55
3.037
1.983
1.215
.818
.541
.365
.306
.246
.209
.178
.157
.134
.118
.109
.101
.094
.089
.082
.078
.076
.073
.072
.070
.068

.60
3.302
2.153
1.316
.883
.580
.389
.325
.260
.220
.186
.164
.138
.121
.111
.103
.095
.090
.082
.078
.076
.072
.071
.069
.067

.65
3.566
2.323
1.417
.947
.619
.412
.343
.273
.229
.193
.169
.142
.124
.113
.103
.095
.090
.082
.077
.075
.071
.070
.068
.066

.70
3.830
2.492
1.517
1.010
.657
.435
.361
.286
.239
.200
.174
.145
.126
.114
.104
.096
.089
.081
.076
.074
.070
.069
.066
.064

.75
4.093
2.660
1.616
1.073
.695
.458
.379
.298
.248
.206
.179
.148
.128
.115
.104
.095
.089
.080
.075
.072
.068
.067
.064
.062

.80
4.356
2.827
1.715
1.135
.732
.479
.395
.310
.256
.212
.183
.150
.129
.115
.104
.094
.087
.078
.072
.070
.066
.064
.062
.059

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
4.617
2.994
1.812
1.196
.768
.500
.411
.321
.263
.217
.186
.152
.129
.114
.102
.092
.085
.075
.069
.066
.063
.061
.059
.056

.90
4.876
3.158
1.908
1.255
.802
.519
.425
.330
.269
.220
.188
.152
.128
.112
.100
.089
.082
.072
.065
.062
.058
.057
.054
.051

.95
5.132
3.320
2.002
1.312
.834
.536
.437
.337
.272
.221
.188
.149
.124
.108
.095
.084
.076
.066
.059
.056
.052
.050
.048
.045

1.00
5.369
3.464
2.078
1.351
.849
.537
.433
.329
.260
.208
.173
.133
.107
.090
.076
.066
.057
.047
.040
.036
.033
.031
.029
.026
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - PVC Conduit - Copper Conductors - Single Phase L-L

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
2.894
1.896
1.169
.795
.532
.365
.309
.251
.217
.187
.167
.144
.129
.120
.113
.106
.101
.094
.090
.089
.085
.084
.081
.080

.50
3.200
2.094
1.287
.870
.578
.393
.331
.268
.230
.196
.174
.150
.133
.123
.115
.107
.102
.095
.091
.089
.085
.084
.081
.079

.55
3.507
2.290
1.404
.945
.624
.421
.354
.284
.242
.205
.182
.155
.137
.126
.117
.109
.103
.095
.090
.088
.084
.083
.081
.078

.60
3.813
2.486
1.520
1.019
.670
.449
.375
.300
.254
.214
.189
.160
.140
.128
.118
.110
.104
.095
.090
.088
.084
.082
.080
.077

.65
4.118
2.682
1.636
1.093
.715
.476
.396
.315
.265
.223
.195
.164
.143
.130
.120
.110
.104
.094
.089
.087
.082
.081
.078
.076

.70
4.423
2.877
1.751
1.166
.759
.503
.417
.330
.276
.231
.201
.168
.145
.131
.120
.110
.103
.094
.088
.085
.081
.079
.077
.074

.75
4.727
3.071
1.866
1.239
.802
.528
.437
.345
.286
.238
.207
.171
.147
.132
.120
.110
.102
.092
.086
.083
.079
.077
.074
.071

.80
5.030
3.265
1.980
1.310
.845
.554
.456
.358
.295
.245
.212
.174
.148
.132
.120
.109
.101
.090
.084
.080
.076
.074
.072
.068

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
5.331
3.457
2.093
1.381
.887
.578
.475
.370
.303
.250
.215
.175
.149
.132
.118
.107
.098
.087
.080
.077
.072
.071
.068
.064

.90
5.631
3.647
2.204
1.449
.926
.600
.491
.381
.310
.254
.217
.175
.147
.129
.115
.103
.094
.083
.075
.072
.067
.066
.063
.059

.95
5.926
3.834
2.311
1.514
.963
.619
.504
.389
.314
.255
.217
.173
.143
.124
.109
.097
.088
.076
.068
.064
.060
.058
.055
.052

1.00
6.200
4.000
2.400
1.560
.980
.620
.500
.380
.300
.240
.200
.154
.124
.104
.088
.076
.066
.054
.046
.042
.038
.036
.034
.030
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - PVC Conduit - Copper Conductors - Single Phase L-N

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
1.447
.948
.585
.397
.266
.182
.154
.126
.109
.093
.083
.072
.065
.060
.056
.053
.051
.047
.045
.044
.042
.042
.041
.040

.50
1.600
1.047
.643
.435
.289
.197
.166
.134
.115
.098
.087
.075
.067
.062
.058
.054
.051
.047
.045
.044
.042
.042
.041
.040

.55
1.753
1.145
.702
.472
.312
.211
.177
.142
.121
.103
.091
.077
.068
.063
.058
.054
.052
.047
.045
.044
.042
.042
.040
.039

.60
1.906
1.243
.760
.510
.335
.224
.188
.150
.127
.107
.094
.080
.070
.064
.059
.055
.052
.047
.045
.044
.042
.041
.040
.039

.65
2.059
1.341
.818
.547
.357
.238
.198
.158
.132
.111
.098
.082
.071
.065
.060
.055
.052
.047
.045
.043
.041
.041
.039
.038

.70
2.211
1.439
.876
.583
.379
.251
.209
.165
.138
.115
.101
.084
.073
.066
.060
.055
.052
.047
.044
.043
.040
.040
.038
.037

.75
2.363
1.536
.933
.619
.401
.264
.219
.172
.143
.119
.103
.086
.074
.066
.060
.055
.051
.046
.043
.042
.039
.039
.037
.036

.80
2.515
1.632
.990
.655
.423
.277
.228
.179
.148
.122
.106
.087
.074
.066
.060
.054
.050
.045
.042
.040
.038
.037
.036
.034

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
(For 3-Phase multiply by 1.732, Single Phase multiply by 2)
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs
(For 3-Phase divide by 1.732, Single Phase divide by 2)

.85
2.666
1.728
1.046
.690
.443
.289
.237
.185
.152
.125
.108
.088
.074
.066
.059
.053
.049
.043
.040
.038
.036
.035
.034
.032

.90
2.815
1.824
1.102
.725
.463
.300
.245
.191
.155
.127
.109
.088
.074
.065
.057
.052
.047
.041
.038
.036
.034
.033
.031
.030

.95
2.963
1.917
1.156
.757
.481
.309
.252
.195
.157
.128
.108
.086
.072
.062
.055
.049
.044
.038
.034
.032
.030
.029
.028
.026

1.00
3.100
2.000
1.200
.780
.490
.310
.250
.190
.150
.120
.100
.077
.062
.052
.044
.038
.033
.027
.023
.021
.019
.018
.017
.015
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by
1000 for the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet,
then multiply by the number of runs to determine the
maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Circuit Design-Data for Copper Conductors


60 Hz - Aluminum Rigid - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

15
20
30
50
65
85
100
115
130
150
175
200
230
255
285
310
335
380
420
460
475
490
520
545

12
16
24
40
52
68
80
92
104
120
140
160
184
204
228
248
268
304
336
368
380
392
416
436

.0097
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4

1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

14
12
10
10
8
8
8
6
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
2
2
2
1
1

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
4
4
4
4
5

38
43
48
43
52
61
63
67
72
75
79
82
83
84
84
83
84
82
81
76
79
77
76
76

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

33
38
41
38
45
53
55
58
63
65
69
71
72
73
72
73
73
72
70
66
68
67
66
67

38
43
48
43
52
61
63
67
72
75
80
82
83
84
84
84
84
83
80
77
78
77
76
78

87
100
110
100
120
141
146
155
166
172
183
188
191
194
193
193
195
190
187
175
182
177
175
176

38
43
48
43
52
61
63
67
72
75
80
82
83
84
83
84
84
82
80
76
78
77
76
77

43
50
55
50
60
71
73
78
83
86
92
94
96
97
96
97
97
95
93
88
90
89
87
89

87
100
110
100
120
141
146
156
166
172
184
189
192
194
191
194
195
190
186
176
180
177
175
178

108
125
138
125
150
176
182
195
208
216
230
236
240
243
239
242
243
238
232
220
226
222
219
222

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

15
20
30
50
70
90
100
125
150
150
175
200
250
300
300
350
350
400
450
500
500
500
600
600

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Aluminum Conduit - Copper Conductors - Three Phase

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
2.506
1.642
1.013
.688
.461
.316
.268
.225
.196
.169
.144
.129
.116
.108
.102
.095
.091
.085
.082
.081
.077
.077
.074
.072

.50
2.772
1.813
1.114
.753
.501
.340
.287
.241
.208
.179
.151
.134
.120
.111
.104
.097
.093
.086
.083
.081
.078
.077
.075
.072

.55
3.037
1.983
1.215
.818
.541
.365
.306
.256
.219
.187
.157
.139
.123
.114
.106
.099
.094
.087
.083
.081
.078
.077
.074
.072

.60
3.302
2.153
1.316
.883
.580
.389
.325
.270
.230
.196
.164
.143
.126
.116
.108
.100
.095
.087
.083
.081
.078
.077
.074
.071

.65
3.566
2.323
1.417
.947
.619
.412
.343
.284
.241
.204
.169
.148
.129
.118
.109
.101
.095
.087
.083
.081
.077
.076
.073
.070

.70
3.830
2.492
1.517
1.010
.657
.435
.361
.298
.251
.212
.174
.151
.132
.120
.110
.102
.096
.087
.082
.080
.076
.075
.072
.069

.75
4.093
2.660
1.616
1.073
.695
.458
.379
.311
.261
.219
.179
.155
.134
.121
.111
.102
.095
.086
.081
.078
.075
.073
.071
.067

.80
4.356
2.827
1.715
1.135
.732
.479
.395
.324
.269
.226
.183
.157
.135
.122
.111
.101
.094
.085
.079
.077
.073
.071
.069
.065

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
4.617
2.994
1.812
1.196
.768
.500
.411
.335
.278
.232
.186
.159
.136
.121
.110
.100
.092
.083
.077
.074
.070
.069
.066
.062

.90
4.876
3.158
1.908
1.255
.802
.519
.425
.346
.284
.236
.188
.160
.135
.120
.107
.097
.089
.079
.073
.070
.066
.065
.062
.058

.95
5.132
3.320
2.002
1.312
.834
.536
.437
.353
.288
.238
.188
.158
.132
.116
.103
.092
.084
.074
.067
.064
.060
.058
.056
.051

1.00
5.369
3.464
2.078
1.351
.849
.537
.433
.346
.277
.225
.173
.142
.116
.099
.085
.074
.066
.055
.048
.045
.042
.040
.038
.033
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Aluminum Conduit - Copper Conductors - Single Phase L-L

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
2.894
1.896
1.169
.795
.532
.365
.309
.260
.226
.196
.167
.149
.134
.125
.117
.110
.106
.098
.095
.093
.089
.089
.086
.083

.50
3.200
2.094
1.287
.870
.578
.393
.331
.278
.240
.206
.174
.155
.138
.128
.120
.112
.107
.100
.096
.094
.090
.089
.086
.083

.55
3.507
2.290
1.404
.945
.624
.421
.354
.295
.253
.216
.182
.160
.142
.131
.122
.114
.109
.100
.096
.094
.090
.089
.086
.083

.60
3.813
2.486
1.520
1.019
.670
.449
.375
.312
.266
.226
.189
.166
.146
.134
.124
.116
.110
.101
.096
.094
.090
.088
.086
.082

.65
4.118
2.682
1.636
1.093
.715
.476
.396
.328
.278
.236
.195
.170
.149
.136
.126
.117
.110
.101
.096
.093
.089
.088
.085
.081

.70
4.423
2.877
1.751
1.166
.759
.503
.417
.344
.290
.245
.201
.175
.152
.138
.127
.117
.110
.101
.095
.092
.088
.086
.084
.079

.75
4.727
3.071
1.866
1.239
.802
.528
.437
.360
.301
.253
.207
.179
.155
.140
.128
.117
.110
.100
.094
.091
.086
.085
.082
.077

.80
5.030
3.265
1.980
1.310
.845
.554
.456
.374
.311
.261
.212
.182
.156
.140
.128
.117
.109
.098
.092
.088
.084
.082
.080
.075

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
5.331
3.457
2.093
1.381
.887
.578
.475
.387
.320
.267
.215
.184
.157
.140
.126
.115
.107
.095
.089
.085
.081
.079
.076
.071

.90
5.631
3.647
2.204
1.449
.926
.600
.491
.399
.328
.272
.217
.184
.156
.138
.124
.112
.103
.092
.084
.081
.076
.075
.072
.066

.95
5.926
3.834
2.311
1.514
.963
.619
.504
.408
.333
.274
.217
.182
.153
.134
.119
.107
.097
.085
.078
.074
.069
.067
.065
.059

1.00
6.200
4.000
2.400
1.560
.980
.620
.500
.400
.320
.260
.200
.164
.134
.114
.098
.086
.076
.064
.056
.052
.048
.046
.044
.038
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Aluminum Conduit - Copper Conductors - Single Phase L-N

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
6.280
3.960
2.480
1.556
.982
.616
.490
.388
.308
.244
.193
.153
.122
.103
.086
.073
.064
.052
.043
.037
.034
.032
.029
.026

.45
1.447
.948
.585
.397
.266
.182
.154
.130
.113
.098
.083
.074
.067
.062
.059
.055
.053
.049
.047
.047
.045
.044
.043
.042

.50
1.600
1.047
.643
.435
.289
.197
.166
.139
.120
.103
.087
.077
.069
.064
.060
.056
.054
.050
.048
.047
.045
.044
.043
.042

.55
1.753
1.145
.702
.472
.312
.211
.177
.148
.126
.108
.091
.080
.071
.066
.061
.057
.054
.050
.048
.047
.045
.044
.043
.041

.60
1.906
1.243
.760
.510
.335
.224
.188
.156
.133
.113
.094
.083
.073
.067
.062
.058
.055
.050
.048
.047
.045
.044
.043
.041

.65
2.059
1.341
.818
.547
.357
.238
.198
.164
.139
.118
.098
.085
.075
.068
.063
.058
.055
.050
.048
.047
.044
.044
.042
.040

.70
2.211
1.439
.876
.583
.379
.251
.209
.172
.145
.122
.101
.087
.076
.069
.064
.059
.055
.050
.047
.046
.044
.043
.042
.040

.75
2.363
1.536
.933
.619
.401
.264
.219
.180
.150
.127
.103
.089
.077
.070
.064
.059
.055
.050
.047
.045
.043
.042
.041
.039

.80
2.515
1.632
.990
.655
.423
.277
.228
.187
.156
.130
.106
.091
.078
.070
.064
.058
.054
.049
.046
.044
.042
.041
.040
.037

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
(For 3-Phase multiply by 1.732, Single Phase multiply by 2)
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs
(For 3-Phase divide by 1.732, Single Phase divide by 2)

.85
2.666
1.728
1.046
.690
.443
.289
.237
.194
.160
.134
.108
.092
.079
.070
.063
.058
.053
.048
.044
.043
.040
.040
.038
.036

.90
2.815
1.824
1.102
.725
.463
.300
.245
.200
.164
.136
.109
.092
.078
.069
.062
.056
.052
.046
.042
.040
.038
.037
.036
.033

.95
2.963
1.917
1.156
.757
.481
.309
.252
.204
.166
.137
.108
.091
.076
.067
.059
.053
.049
.043
.039
.037
.035
.034
.032
.030

1.00
3.100
2.000
1.200
.780
.490
.310
.250
.200
.160
.130
.100
.082
.067
.057
.049
.043
.038
.032
.028
.026
.024
.023
.022
.019
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by
1000 for the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet,
then multiply by the number of runs to determine the
maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Circuit Design-Data for Aluminum Conductors


60 Hz - Galv. Rigid Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

N/A
15
25
40
50
65
75
90
100
120
135
155
180
205
230
250
270
310
340
375
385
395
425
445

N/A
12
20
32
40
52
60
72
80
96
108
124
144
164
184
200
216
248
272
300
308
316
340
356

N/A
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

N/A
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

N/A
12
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/0
1/0

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
4
4
4
4
5

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
75
77
75
75

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

N/A
31
30
29
36
43
47
48
54
54
59
61
64
63
64
65
66
66
66
63
66
68
65
64

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
77
76
77
73
76
78
75
74

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
142
145
156
162
172
169
171
173
176
175
176
168
173
179
173
173

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
76
78
76
74

N/A
42
40
38
48
57
62
64
71
72
78
81
85
84
85
87
88
88
88
84
88
90
87
85

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
143
145
156
162
171
168
171
174
176
176
176
168
175
181
174
171

N/A
105
100
95
120
143
156
159
179
181
195
202
214
210
213
217
220
220
221
211
219
226
218
213

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Circuit Design-Data for Aluminum Conductors


Maximum Distance - 1 Phase
60 Hz - Intermediate Metallic Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit Ins. Eq. Conduit
Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
208
240
277
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts Volts Volts Volts
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

N/A
15
25
40
50
65
75
90
100
120
135
155
180
205
230
250
270
310
340
375
385
395
425
445

N/A
12
20
32
40
52
60
72
80
96
108
124
144
164
184
200
216
248
272
300
308
316
340
356

N/A
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

N/A
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4

N/A
12
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/0
1/0

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
4.0 **

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
75
77
75
75

N/A
31
30
29
36
43
47
48
54
54
59
61
64
63
64
65
66
66
66
63
66
68
65
64

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
77
76
77
73
76
78
75
74

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
142
145
156
162
172
169
171
173
176
175
176
168
173
179
173
173

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
76
78
76
74

N/A
42
40
38
48
57
62
64
71
72
78
81
85
84
85
87
88
88
88
84
88
90
87
85

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
143
145
156
162
171
168
171
174
176
176
176
168
175
181
174
171

N/A
105
100
95
120
143
156
159
179
181
195
202
214
210
213
217
220
220
221
211
219
226
218
213

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35
** .1247 sq. in.too small, use
use this size rigid.

Circuit Design-Data for Aluminum Conductors


60 Hz - EMT Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

N/A
15
25
40
50
65
75
90
100
120
135
155
180
205
230
250
270
310
340
375
385
395
425
445

N/A
12
20
32
40
52
60
72
80
96
108
124
144
164
184
200
216
248
272
300
308
316
340
356

N/A
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

N/A
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

N/A
12
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/0
1/0

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
75
77
75
75

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

N/A
31
30
29
36
43
47
48
54
54
59
61
64
63
64
65
66
66
66
63
66
68
65
64

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
77
76
77
73
76
78
75
74

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
142
145
156
162
172
169
171
173
176
175
176
168
173
179
173
173

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
76
78
76
74

N/A
42
40
38
48
57
62
64
71
72
78
81
85
84
85
87
88
88
88
84
88
90
87
85

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
143
145
156
162
171
168
171
174
176
176
176
168
175
181
174
171

N/A
105
100
95
120
143
156
159
179
181
195
202
214
210
213
217
220
220
221
211
219
226
218
213

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Circuit Design-Data for Aluminum Conductors


60 Hz - Liquidtight Flex Metal - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

N/A
15
25
40
50
65
75
90
100
120
135
155
180
205
230
250
270
310
340
375
385
395
425
445

N/A
12
20
32
40
52
60
72
80
96
108
124
144
164
184
200
216
248
272
300
308
316
340
356

N/A
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

N/A
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
4 **

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

N/A
12
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/0
1/0

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
4
4
4
4 **
5 **

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
75
77
75
75

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

N/A
31
30
29
36
43
47
48
54
54
59
61
64
63
64
65
66
66
66
63
66
68
65
64

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
77
76
77
73
76
78
75
74

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
142
145
156
162
172
169
171
173
176
175
176
168
173
179
173
173

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
55
62
63
68
70
74
73
74
75
76
76
76
73
76
78
76
74

N/A
42
40
38
48
57
62
64
71
72
78
81
85
84
85
87
88
88
88
84
88
90
87
85

N/A
84
80
76
96
115
124
127
143
145
156
162
171
168
171
174
176
176
176
168
175
181
174
171

N/A
105
100
95
120
143
156
159
179
181
195
202
214
210
213
217
220
220
221
211
219
226
218
213

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35
** Liquidtight conduit too small, use
this size rigid.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Steel Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Three Phase

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
2.599
1.656
1.114
.730
.490
.403
.338
.283
.241
.208
.182
.158
.147
.135
.126
.119
.109
.104
.102
.098
.095
.093
.091

.50
N/A
2.873
1.826
1.223
.797
.532
.435
.363
.302
.256
.220
.191
.165
.152
.139
.130
.121
.111
.105
.102
.099
.095
.093
.091

.55
N/A
3.147
1.996
1.332
.864
.573
.466
.387
.321
.270
.231
.199
.170
.157
.142
.132
.123
.112
.106
.103
.099
.095
.093
.090

.60
N/A
3.420
2.166
1.441
.930
.613
.497
.412
.339
.284
.241
.207
.176
.161
.145
.135
.125
.113
.106
.103
.099
.094
.092
.090

.65
N/A
3.692
2.335
1.549
.996
.653
.528
.435
.356
.298
.251
.215
.181
.165
.148
.137
.126
.114
.106
.103
.098
.093
.091
.089

.70
N/A
3.964
2.503
1.657
1.061
.693
.558
.458
.374
.311
.261
.222
.186
.169
.150
.138
.127
.114
.105
.102
.097
.092
.090
.087

.75
N/A
4.235
2.670
1.763
1.126
.731
.587
.481
.390
.323
.270
.228
.189
.171
.152
.139
.128
.113
.104
.100
.095
.090
.088
.085

.80
N/A
4.505
2.837
1.869
1.189
.769
.616
.503
.406
.334
.278
.234
.193
.173
.153
.139
.127
.112
.103
.098
.093
.088
.085
.082

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
N/A
4.773
3.002
1.973
1.251
.806
.643
.523
.420
.345
.285
.239
.195
.174
.153
.138
.126
.110
.100
.095
.089
.084
.081
.079

.90
N/A
5.039
3.165
2.076
1.311
.840
.668
.542
.433
.353
.290
.242
.195
.173
.151
.136
.123
.106
.095
.091
.085
.079
.076
.074

.95
N/A
5.302
3.325
2.174
1.367
.872
.690
.557
.442
.359
.292
.242
.193
.170
.146
.131
.117
.100
.088
.084
.077
.071
.068
.066

1.00
N/A
5.542
3.464
2.252
1.403
.883
.693
.554
.433
.346
.277
.225
.173
.149
.125
.109
.095
.078
.066
.061
.054
.048
.045
.043
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Steel Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Single Phase L-L

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
3.001
1.913
1.286
.843
.566
.465
.390
.327
.278
.240
.210
.183
.170
.156
.146
.137
.126
.120
.117
.114
.109
.107
.105

.50
N/A
3.318
2.109
1.413
.921
.614
.502
.419
.349
.295
.254
.220
.190
.176
.160
.150
.140
.128
.121
.118
.114
.109
.107
.105

.55
N/A
3.634
2.305
1.539
.998
.661
.539
.447
.370
.312
.266
.230
.197
.181
.164
.153
.142
.130
.122
.119
.114
.109
.107
.104

.60
N/A
3.949
2.501
1.664
1.074
.708
.574
.475
.391
.328
.278
.239
.203
.186
.168
.156
.144
.131
.122
.119
.114
.109
.106
.104

.65
N/A
4.263
2.696
1.789
1.150
.754
.610
.503
.412
.344
.290
.248
.209
.191
.171
.158
.146
.131
.122
.118
.113
.108
.105
.102

.70
N/A
4.577
2.890
1.913
1.225
.800
.644
.529
.431
.359
.301
.256
.214
.195
.174
.160
.147
.132
.122
.118
.112
.106
.104
.101

.75
N/A
4.890
3.083
2.036
1.300
.844
.678
.555
.450
.373
.311
.264
.219
.198
.175
.161
.147
.131
.120
.116
.110
.104
.101
.098

.80
N/A
5.202
3.276
2.158
1.373
.888
.711
.580
.468
.386
.321
.270
.222
.200
.176
.161
.147
.130
.118
.114
.107
.101
.098
.095

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
N/A
5.512
3.466
2.278
1.444
.930
.742
.604
.485
.398
.329
.276
.225
.201
.176
.160
.145
.127
.115
.110
.103
.097
.094
.091

.90
N/A
5.819
3.655
2.397
1.514
.970
.771
.626
.500
.408
.335
.279
.225
.200
.174
.157
.142
.123
.110
.105
.098
.091
.088
.085

.95
N/A
6.122
3.839
2.511
1.579
1.006
.797
.644
.511
.414
.338
.279
.222
.196
.169
.151
.135
.115
.102
.096
.089
.083
.079
.076

1.00
N/A
6.400
4.000
2.600
1.620
1.020
.800
.640
.500
.400
.320
.260
.200
.172
.144
.126
.110
.090
.076
.070
.062
.056
.052
.050
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Steel Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Single Phase L-N

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
1.501
.956
.643
.422
.283
.233
.195
.163
.139
.120
.105
.091
.085
.078
.073
.069
.063
.060
.059
.057
.055
.054
.052

.50
N/A
1.659
1.055
.706
.460
.307
.251
.209
.174
.148
.127
.110
.095
.088
.080
.075
.070
.064
.061
.059
.057
.055
.054
.052

.55
N/A
1.817
1.153
.769
.499
.331
.269
.224
.185
.156
.133
.115
.098
.091
.082
.076
.071
.065
.061
.059
.057
.055
.054
.052

.60
N/A
1.974
1.250
.832
.537
.354
.287
.238
.196
.164
.139
.120
.102
.093
.084
.078
.072
.065
.061
.059
.057
.054
.053
.052

.65
N/A
2.132
1.348
.894
.575
.377
.305
.251
.206
.172
.145
.124
.105
.095
.086
.079
.073
.066
.061
.059
.057
.054
.053
.051

.70
N/A
2.289
1.445
.956
.613
.400
.322
.265
.216
.179
.151
.128
.107
.097
.087
.080
.073
.066
.061
.059
.056
.053
.052
.050

.75
N/A
2.445
1.542
1.018
.650
.422
.339
.278
.225
.186
.156
.132
.109
.099
.088
.080
.074
.065
.060
.058
.055
.052
.051
.049

.80
N/A
2.601
1.638
1.079
.686
.444
.355
.290
.234
.193
.160
.135
.111
.100
.088
.080
.073
.065
.059
.057
.054
.051
.049
.048

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
(For 3-Phase multiply by 1.732, Single Phase multiply by 2)
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs
(For 3-Phase divide by 1.732, Single Phase divide by 2)

.85
N/A
2.756
1.733
1.139
.722
.465
.371
.302
.243
.199
.164
.138
.112
.100
.088
.080
.073
.064
.058
.055
.052
.049
.047
.045

.90
N/A
2.910
1.827
1.198
.757
.485
.386
.313
.250
.204
.168
.140
.113
.100
.087
.078
.071
.061
.055
.052
.049
.046
.044
.043

.95
N/A
3.061
1.920
1.255
.789
.503
.398
.322
.255
.207
.169
.140
.111
.098
.084
.075
.068
.058
.051
.048
.044
.041
.039
.038

1.00
N/A
3.200
2.000
1.300
.810
.510
.400
.320
.250
.200
.160
.130
.100
.086
.072
.063
.055
.045
.038
.035
.031
.028
.026
.025
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by
1000 for the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet,
then multiply by the number of runs to determine the
maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Circuit Design-Data for Aluminum Conductors


60 Hz - PVC Sch 40 Conduit - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

N/A
15
25
40
50
65
75
90
100
120
135
155
180
205
230
250
270
310
340
375
385
395
425
445

N/A
12
20
32
40
52
60
72
80
96
108
124
144
164
184
200
216
248
272
300
308
316
340
356

N/A
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

N/A
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
5

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

N/A
12
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/0
1/0

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4
5
5

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
55
56
63
65
70
73
78
78
80
82
83
85
87
85
87
88
84
86

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

N/A
32
30
29
36
44
47
49
55
56
61
63
68
67
69
71
72
74
75
74
76
77
73
75

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
55
56
63
65
70
73
78
78
80
82
83
85
87
85
88
88
84
86

N/A
84
80
76
97
116
126
130
146
150
161
168
180
180
184
190
191
196
200
196
200
204
194
200

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
55
56
63
65
70
73
78
78
80
83
83
85
86
86
88
89
84
86

N/A
42
40
38
48
58
63
65
73
75
81
84
90
90
92
95
96
98
99
99
101
103
97
99

N/A
84
80
76
97
116
127
130
146
149
162
168
180
180
184
190
192
196
198
198
202
205
193
198

N/A
105
100
96
121
145
158
163
183
187
202
210
225
224
230
238
239
244
248
247
253
257
242
248

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - PVC Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Three Phase

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
2.578
1.636
1.094
.710
.472
.384
.319
.266
.224
.191
.166
.141
.130
.119
.109
.104
.094
.088
.084
.081
.080
.079
.075

.50
N/A
2.852
1.807
1.204
.778
.514
.417
.345
.285
.239
.203
.176
.148
.135
.123
.113
.107
.096
.090
.085
.082
.080
.080
.075

.55
N/A
3.126
1.978
1.314
.845
.555
.449
.370
.305
.254
.215
.185
.155
.140
.127
.116
.109
.097
.091
.086
.083
.081
.080
.075

.60
N/A
3.400
2.148
1.423
.912
.597
.481
.395
.324
.269
.226
.193
.161
.145
.131
.119
.112
.099
.091
.086
.083
.081
.080
.075

.65
N/A
3.674
2.317
1.532
.979
.637
.512
.419
.342
.283
.237
.202
.167
.150
.134
.121
.113
.100
.092
.086
.083
.080
.079
.075

.70
N/A
3.946
2.487
1.640
1.045
.678
.543
.444
.360
.297
.247
.210
.172
.154
.137
.123
.115
.100
.092
.086
.082
.080
.079
.074

.75
N/A
4.219
2.655
1.748
1.111
.717
.573
.467
.377
.310
.257
.217
.177
.157
.139
.125
.116
.101
.091
.085
.081
.079
.077
.072

.80
N/A
4.490
2.823
1.855
1.175
.757
.603
.490
.394
.323
.266
.224
.181
.160
.141
.126
.116
.100
.090
.083
.080
.077
.076
.070

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
N/A
4.760
2.990
1.961
1.239
.795
.632
.512
.410
.335
.275
.230
.185
.163
.142
.126
.116
.099
.089
.081
.077
.074
.073
.068

.90
N/A
5.029
3.155
2.066
1.301
.831
.659
.533
.424
.345
.282
.234
.187
.163
.142
.125
.114
.096
.086
.078
.074
.071
.069
.064

.95
N/A
5.294
3.318
2.167
1.360
.865
.684
.551
.436
.353
.287
.237
.187
.162
.139
.122
.110
.092
.080
.072
.068
.065
.063
.058

1.00
N/A
5.542
3.464
2.252
1.403
.883
.693
.554
.433
.346
.277
.225
.173
.147
.123
.106
.094
.074
.062
.054
.050
.047
.045
.040
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - PVC Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Single Phase L-L

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
2.976
1.889
1.263
.820
.545
.444
.368
.307
.259
.221
.192
.163
.150
.137
.126
.120
.108
.102
.098
.094
.092
.091
.087

.50
N/A
3.294
2.087
1.390
.898
.593
.481
.398
.330
.276
.234
.203
.171
.156
.142
.130
.123
.111
.104
.099
.095
.093
.092
.087

.55
N/A
3.610
2.284
1.517
.976
.641
.519
.427
.352
.293
.248
.213
.178
.162
.147
.134
.126
.112
.105
.099
.095
.093
.092
.087

.60
N/A
3.926
2.480
1.643
1.054
.689
.555
.456
.374
.310
.261
.223
.186
.168
.151
.137
.129
.114
.106
.100
.096
.093
.092
.087

.65
N/A
4.242
2.676
1.769
1.131
.736
.591
.484
.395
.327
.273
.233
.192
.173
.155
.140
.131
.115
.106
.100
.095
.093
.092
.086

.70
N/A
4.557
2.871
1.894
1.207
.783
.627
.512
.416
.343
.285
.242
.199
.178
.158
.143
.133
.116
.106
.099
.095
.092
.091
.085

.75
N/A
4.871
3.066
2.019
1.282
.828
.662
.540
.436
.358
.297
.251
.204
.182
.161
.144
.134
.116
.106
.098
.094
.091
.089
.083

.80
N/A
5.185
3.260
2.142
1.357
.874
.696
.566
.455
.373
.308
.258
.209
.185
.163
.146
.134
.116
.104
.096
.092
.089
.087
.081

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
N/A
5.497
3.453
2.265
1.431
.918
.730
.591
.473
.386
.317
.265
.213
.188
.164
.146
.134
.114
.102
.094
.089
.086
.084
.078

.90
N/A
5.807
3.644
2.385
1.502
.960
.761
.615
.490
.398
.325
.271
.216
.189
.164
.145
.132
.111
.099
.090
.085
.082
.080
.074

.95
N/A
6.114
3.831
2.502
1.571
.999
.789
.636
.504
.407
.331
.273
.216
.187
.161
.141
.128
.106
.093
.083
.079
.075
.073
.067

1.00
N/A
6.400
4.000
2.600
1.620
1.020
.800
.640
.500
.400
.320
.260
.200
.170
.142
.122
.108
.086
.072
.062
.058
.054
.052
.046
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - PVC Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Single Phase L-N

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
1.488
.945
.631
.410
.272
.222
.184
.154
.129
.110
.096
.082
.075
.069
.063
.060
.054
.051
.049
.047
.046
.046
.043

.50
N/A
1.647
1.043
.695
.449
.297
.241
.199
.165
.138
.117
.101
.086
.078
.071
.065
.062
.055
.052
.049
.047
.046
.046
.044

.55
N/A
1.805
1.142
.758
.488
.321
.259
.214
.176
.147
.124
.107
.089
.081
.073
.067
.063
.056
.052
.050
.048
.047
.046
.044

.60
N/A
1.963
1.240
.822
.527
.344
.278
.228
.187
.155
.130
.112
.093
.084
.075
.069
.064
.057
.053
.050
.048
.047
.046
.043

.65
N/A
2.121
1.338
.885
.565
.368
.296
.242
.197
.163
.137
.116
.096
.086
.077
.070
.065
.058
.053
.050
.048
.046
.046
.043

.70
N/A
2.279
1.436
.947
.603
.391
.314
.256
.208
.171
.143
.121
.099
.089
.079
.071
.066
.058
.053
.050
.047
.046
.045
.043

.75
N/A
2.436
1.533
1.009
.641
.414
.331
.270
.218
.179
.148
.125
.102
.091
.080
.072
.067
.058
.053
.049
.047
.045
.045
.042

.80
N/A
2.592
1.630
1.071
.679
.437
.348
.283
.228
.186
.154
.129
.105
.093
.081
.073
.067
.058
.052
.048
.046
.044
.044
.041

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
(For 3-Phase multiply by 1.732, Single Phase multiply by 2)
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs
(For 3-Phase divide by 1.732, Single Phase divide by 2)

.85
N/A
2.748
1.726
1.132
.715
.459
.365
.296
.237
.193
.159
.133
.107
.094
.082
.073
.067
.057
.051
.047
.045
.043
.042
.039

.90
N/A
2.904
1.822
1.193
.751
.480
.380
.308
.245
.199
.163
.135
.108
.094
.082
.072
.066
.056
.049
.045
.043
.041
.040
.037

.95
N/A
3.057
1.916
1.251
.785
.499
.395
.318
.252
.204
.165
.137
.108
.094
.080
.070
.064
.053
.046
.042
.039
.038
.037
.033

1.00
N/A
3.200
2.000
1.300
.810
.510
.400
.320
.250
.200
.160
.130
.100
.085
.071
.061
.054
.043
.036
.031
.029
.027
.026
.023
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by
1000 for the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet,
then multiply by the number of runs to determine the
maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Circuit Design-Data for Aluminum Conductors


60 Hz - Aluminum Rigid - 75 THWN - 30 C Ambient
Not More Than Three Current-Carrying Conductors
Wire
Rated Cont.
Area
Conduit Conduit
AWG
Amps Amps Square
Size
Size
MCM
125%
Inches
3-Each
4-Each
80%

14
12
10
8
6
4
3
2
1
1/0
2/0
3/0
4/0
250
300
350
400
500
600
700
750
800
900
1000

N/A
15
25
40
50
65
75
90
100
120
135
155
180
205
230
250
270
310
340
375
385
395
425
445

N/A
12
20
32
40
52
60
72
80
96
108
124
144
164
184
200
216
248
272
300
308
316
340
356

N/A
.0133
.0211
.0366
.0507
.0824
.0973
.1158
.1562
.1855
.2223
.2679
.3237
.3970
.4608
.5242
.5863
.7073
.8676
.9887
1.0496
1.1085
1.2311
1.3478

N/A
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4
4
4

Maximum Distance - 1 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

Ins. Eq. Conduit


Conduit
Ground 3 Ea. With 4 Ea. With 120
Size
Eq. Grd.
Eq. Grd. Volts

N/A
12
10
8
8
6
6
6
6
4
4
4
4
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1/0
1/0

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
3-1/2
4

N/A
1/2
1/2
3/4
1
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3
3
3
3
3-1/2
4
4
4
4
5

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
56
61
62
70
73
72
75
76
78
78
79
80
75
80
83
78
80

Maximum Distance - 3 Phase


for 1% Drop @ .85 P.F.*

208
Volts

240
Volts

277
Volts

208
Volts

240
Volts

480
Volts

600
Volts

N/A
32
30
29
36
44
46
49
53
54
61
63
63
65
66
68
68
68
69
65
69
71
69
69

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
56
61
62
70
73
72
75
76
78
78
79
79
75
80
82
79
79

N/A
84
80
76
97
116
124
130
141
143
161
168
167
172
175
180
181
183
185
174
184
191
181
185

N/A
36
35
33
42
50
54
56
61
62
70
73
73
75
76
78
78
79
80
75
79
82
79
79

N/A
42
40
38
48
58
62
65
71
72
81
84
84
86
88
90
90
91
92
87
92
95
92
91

N/A
84
80
76
97
116
124
130
141
143
162
168
168
172
175
179
181
183
184
174
183
190
183
182

N/A
105
100
96
121
145
155
163
176
179
202
210
209
215
219
224
226
228
230
217
229
237
229
228

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
B. To determine actual voltage drop:
1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts
C. New Max Dist. = (Cont. Amps / Actual FLA) x Max Distance

Temperature Correction Factors


for Other then 30 C Ambient
21-25 C (70-77 F)
1.05
26-30 C (78-86 F)
1.00
31-35 C (87-95 F)
.94
36-40 C (96-104 F)
.88
41-45 C (105-113 F)
.82
46-50 C (114-122 F)
.75
51-55 C (123-131 F)
.67
56-60 C (132-140 F)
.58
61-70 C (141-158 F)
.33

NEC NEC
Fuse C.B.
125% 125%

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

N/A
15
25
40
50
70
80
90
100
125
150
175
200
225
250
250
300
350
350
400
400
400
450
450

* Lagging
Conductor Derating Factors
for More Than Three CurrentCarrying Conductors
4 Through 6
.80
7 Through 9
.70
10 Through 20
.50
21 Through 30
.45
31 Through 40
.40
41 and Above
.35

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Aluminum Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Three Phase

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
2.578
1.636
1.094
.710
.472
.392
.319
.274
.232
.191
.166
.149
.134
.123
.113
.108
.098
.092
.090
.085
.083
.081
.078

.50
N/A
2.852
1.807
1.204
.778
.514
.426
.345
.294
.248
.203
.176
.157
.139
.127
.117
.111
.100
.094
.091
.086
.084
.082
.079

.55
N/A
3.126
1.978
1.314
.845
.555
.459
.370
.314
.264
.215
.185
.164
.145
.132
.121
.114
.102
.095
.093
.087
.084
.083
.079

.60
N/A
3.400
2.148
1.423
.912
.597
.491
.395
.334
.279
.226
.193
.171
.150
.136
.124
.117
.104
.097
.094
.088
.085
.083
.079

.65
N/A
3.674
2.317
1.532
.979
.637
.523
.419
.353
.294
.237
.202
.178
.155
.140
.127
.119
.105
.097
.094
.088
.085
.083
.079

.70
N/A
3.946
2.487
1.640
1.045
.678
.555
.444
.372
.309
.247
.210
.184
.160
.143
.129
.121
.106
.098
.094
.088
.085
.082
.078

.75
N/A
4.219
2.655
1.748
1.111
.717
.586
.467
.390
.323
.257
.217
.190
.164
.146
.132
.122
.107
.098
.094
.088
.084
.081
.077

.80
N/A
4.490
2.823
1.855
1.175
.757
.617
.490
.408
.337
.266
.224
.195
.167
.148
.133
.123
.107
.097
.093
.087
.082
.080
.076

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
N/A
4.760
2.990
1.961
1.239
.795
.646
.512
.425
.349
.275
.230
.199
.170
.149
.134
.123
.106
.096
.092
.085
.080
.077
.074

.90
N/A
5.029
3.155
2.066
1.301
.831
.675
.533
.440
.361
.282
.234
.202
.171
.149
.133
.122
.104
.093
.089
.082
.077
.074
.070

.95
N/A
5.294
3.318
2.167
1.360
.865
.700
.551
.453
.369
.287
.237
.203
.170
.147
.130
.119
.100
.089
.084
.076
.072
.068
.064

1.00
N/A
5.542
3.464
2.252
1.403
.883
.710
.554
.450
.364
.277
.225
.191
.156
.132
.114
.102
.083
.071
.066
.059
.054
.050
.047
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Aluminum Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Single Phase L-L

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
2.976
1.889
1.263
.820
.545
.453
.368
.316
.268
.221
.192
.172
.154
.142
.131
.125
.113
.107
.104
.098
.096
.094
.090

.50
N/A
3.294
2.087
1.390
.898
.593
.491
.398
.340
.286
.234
.203
.181
.161
.147
.135
.128
.116
.109
.106
.100
.097
.095
.091

.55
N/A
3.610
2.284
1.517
.976
.641
.530
.427
.363
.304
.248
.213
.189
.167
.152
.139
.132
.118
.110
.107
.101
.098
.095
.092

.60
N/A
3.926
2.480
1.643
1.054
.689
.567
.456
.386
.322
.261
.223
.198
.174
.157
.143
.135
.120
.112
.108
.102
.098
.096
.092

.65
N/A
4.242
2.676
1.769
1.131
.736
.604
.484
.408
.340
.273
.233
.205
.179
.161
.147
.137
.122
.113
.109
.102
.098
.095
.091

.70
N/A
4.557
2.871
1.894
1.207
.783
.641
.512
.430
.357
.285
.242
.213
.185
.165
.150
.140
.123
.113
.109
.102
.098
.095
.091

.75
N/A
4.871
3.066
2.019
1.282
.828
.677
.540
.451
.373
.297
.251
.219
.189
.168
.152
.141
.124
.113
.109
.101
.097
.094
.089

.80
N/A
5.185
3.260
2.142
1.357
.874
.712
.566
.471
.389
.308
.258
.225
.193
.171
.154
.142
.124
.112
.108
.100
.095
.092
.088

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs

.85
N/A
5.497
3.453
2.265
1.431
.918
.747
.591
.490
.403
.317
.265
.230
.196
.172
.154
.142
.123
.111
.106
.098
.093
.089
.085

.90
N/A
5.807
3.644
2.385
1.502
.960
.779
.615
.508
.416
.325
.271
.234
.198
.173
.154
.141
.120
.108
.102
.094
.089
.085
.081

.95
N/A
6.114
3.831
2.502
1.571
.999
.808
.636
.523
.426
.331
.273
.235
.197
.170
.150
.137
.116
.102
.097
.088
.083
.079
.074

1.00
N/A
6.400
4.000
2.600
1.620
1.020
.820
.640
.520
.420
.320
.260
.220
.180
.152
.132
.118
.096
.082
.076
.068
.062
.058
.054
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by 1000 for
the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet and then multiply by
the number of runs to determine the maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Voltage Drop Factors per 1000 Ampere Feet


60 Hz - Aluminum Conduit - Aluminum Conductors - Single Phase L-N

C o n d u c t o r

A WG

Load Power Factor *


# 14
# 12
# 10
#8
#6
#4
#3
#2
#1
# 1/0
# 2/0
# 3/0
# 4/0
# 250
# 300
# 350
# 400
# 500
# 600
# 700
# 750
# 800
# 900
# 1000

DC
N/A
6.500
4.080
2.560
1.616
1.016
.806
.638
.506
.402
.318
.252
.200
.169
.141
.121
.106
.085
.071
.061
.056
.053
.047
.042

.45
N/A
1.488
.945
.631
.410
.272
.226
.184
.158
.134
.110
.096
.086
.077
.071
.065
.062
.056
.053
.052
.049
.048
.047
.045

.50
N/A
1.647
1.043
.695
.449
.297
.246
.199
.170
.143
.117
.101
.091
.081
.074
.068
.064
.058
.054
.053
.050
.048
.047
.046

.55
N/A
1.805
1.142
.758
.488
.321
.265
.214
.181
.152
.124
.107
.095
.084
.076
.070
.066
.059
.055
.053
.050
.049
.048
.046

.60
N/A
1.963
1.240
.822
.527
.344
.284
.228
.193
.161
.130
.112
.099
.087
.078
.072
.067
.060
.056
.054
.051
.049
.048
.046

.65
N/A
2.121
1.338
.885
.565
.368
.302
.242
.204
.170
.137
.116
.103
.090
.081
.073
.069
.061
.056
.054
.051
.049
.048
.046

.70
N/A
2.279
1.436
.947
.603
.391
.321
.256
.215
.178
.143
.121
.106
.092
.082
.075
.070
.061
.057
.054
.051
.049
.047
.045

.75
N/A
2.436
1.533
1.009
.641
.414
.339
.270
.225
.187
.148
.125
.110
.095
.084
.076
.071
.062
.057
.054
.051
.048
.047
.045

.80
N/A
2.592
1.630
1.071
.679
.437
.356
.283
.236
.194
.154
.129
.113
.097
.085
.077
.071
.062
.056
.054
.050
.048
.046
.044

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine voltage drop:


1. Determine the load power factor and conductor size to be used.
2. Select the corresponding factor from the table.
3. Multiply the circuit distance, load amps and the table factor together,
divide by the number of runs and then by 1000.
Formulas:
A. Voltage Drop = Distance x Load Amps x Factor / Runs / 1000
(For 3-Phase multiply by 1.732, Single Phase multiply by 2)
B. Max Drop Factor = Max Volts Drop / (Distance x Load Amps / 1000) x Runs
(For 3-Phase divide by 1.732, Single Phase divide by 2)

.85
N/A
2.748
1.726
1.132
.715
.459
.373
.296
.245
.202
.159
.133
.115
.098
.086
.077
.071
.061
.055
.053
.049
.046
.045
.042

.90
N/A
2.904
1.822
1.193
.751
.480
.389
.308
.254
.208
.163
.135
.117
.099
.086
.077
.071
.060
.054
.051
.047
.044
.043
.040

.95
N/A
3.057
1.916
1.251
.785
.499
.404
.318
.261
.213
.165
.137
.117
.098
.085
.075
.069
.058
.051
.048
.044
.041
.039
.037

1.00
N/A
3.200
2.000
1.300
.810
.510
.410
.320
.260
.210
.160
.130
.110
.090
.076
.066
.059
.048
.041
.038
.034
.031
.029
.027
* Lagging

B. To determine minimum wire size:


1. Multiply the circuit distance by the load amps and divide by
1000 for the ampere-feet.
2. Divide the maximum volts drop allowed by the ampere-feet,
then multiply by the number of runs to determine the
maximum table factor.
3. Select the wire size from the column having the appropriate load
power factor and a factor less than or equal to the maximum
table factor.

Conductor Voltage-Drop Calculations


Project:
Cir.
No.

Name

Volts Ph.

%
Drop
Max.

Volts
Drop
Max.

Project No.:
Cont.
NonAmps Cont.
Amps

Total Wire Wire No. Conduit


Dsgn Type AWG of
Type
Amps
Runs

By:
Dist.
in
Feet

Load
P.F.
%

Table
Factor

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

Volts
Drop

Percent Percent Max.


Drop Above Drop
Max. Factor

Page
New
Wire
AWG

of
New
Table
Factor

New
Volts
Drop

New
Percent
Drop

Conductor Voltage-Drop Calculations


Project:
Cir.
No.

Name

Example
Volts Ph.

Volts
Drop
Max.
14.40

Project No.:
0001
By:
Cont.
NonTotal Wire Wire No. Conduit Dist.
Amps Cont.
Dsgn Type AWG of
Type
in
Amps Amps
Runs
Feet
52.0
65.0
6
1
STL
350

V.F. Christoffer
Load
Table
P.F.
Factor
%
95
.841

40 HP Fan

480

Feeder

208

6.24

100.0

125.0

PVC

275

85

.263

7.23

3.48

0.48

.227

1/0

.217

5.97

Lighting

277

8.31

16.0

20.0

12

STL

375

90

1.830

10.98

3.96

0.96

1.385

10

1.107

6.64

Oven

208

6.24

61.0

76.3

AL

535

100

.640

20.89

10.04

7.04

.191

250

.180

5.87

Panel LA

208

6.24

350

PVC

350

85

.092

6.44

3.10

0.10

.089

400

.085

5.95

600.0

600.0

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

Percent Percent Max.


Drop Above Drop
Max. Factor
15.31
3.19
0.19
.791

of

AL

Volts
Drop

Page
1
New
New
Wire
Table
AWG
Factor
4
.543

%
Drop
Max.
3

New
Volts
Drop
9.88

1
New
Percent
Drop
2.06
2.87
2.40
2.82
2.86

Conductor Combination and Derating Calculations


Project:
Cir.
No.

Name

Volts

Project No.:
Ph. Wire Cont.
NonTotal
Amps Cont.
Dsgn
Amps Amps

No.
of
CCC

No. of
CCC
Used

By:
Derating Minimum 75 C Ampacity Ambient
Factor Ampacity AWG
Temp.
CU
C

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

Page
Temp.
New
Derating Ampacity
Factor Required

New
75
Wire

Dist.
in
Feet

of
Percent Neutral
Drop

Eq.
Ground

Conductor Combination and Derating Calculations


Project:
Cir.
No.
1

Name

40 HP Fan

Example
Project No.:
0001
Volts Ph. Wire Cont.
NonTotal
No.
Amps Cont.
Dsgn
of
Amps Amps CCC
480
3
3
52.0
65.0
3

No. of
CCC
Used
10

By:
V.F.Christoffer
Derating Minimum 75 C Ampacity Ambient
Factor Ampacity AWG
Temp.
CU
C
0.50
130.0
1
130
30

Page
Temp.
New
Derating Ampacity
Factor Required
1.00
130.0

New
75
Wire
1

Dist.
in
Feet

of

Percent Neutral
Drop

Feeder

208

100.0

125.0

10

0.50

250.0

250

255

30

1.00

255.0

250

250

Lighting

277

16.0

20.0

10

0.50

40.0

50

30

1.00

50.0

Oven

208

61.0

76.3

10

0.50

152.5

2/0

175

30

1.00

175.0

2/0

Receptacles

120

12.0

15.0

10

0.50

30.0

10

30

30

1.00

30.0

10

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

10

1
Eq.
Ground

8
6
12
8
14

Circuit Design-Data for Three-Phase Motors


60 Hz - Rigid Conduit - Copper THWN Conductors - 30 C
Horse
Power
1/2

3/4

1 1/2

7 1/2

10

15

20

25

R
u
n
s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

75
Wire
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
12
10
14
10
10
12
8
8
10
6
6
8
4
4
8

Volts Conduit Ins. Eq.


L-L
Size Ground
In.
Size *
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480

1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
1/2
3/4
3/4
1/2
1
1
1/2

14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
14
12
10
14
10
10
12
8
8
10
6
6
8
6
6
8

Calculations based on Premium Efficiency Squirrel Cage Motors


Conduit
Full Design Maximum Approx. Approx. Load
With
Load Amps Distance Percent Percent
KVA
Efficiency
Equip.
Amps
125%
For
P.F.
Ground 100%
1% Drop
1/2
1.1
1.4
998
.77
.80
0.91
1/2
2.2
2.8
250
.77
.80
0.91
1/2
2.4
3.0
198
.77
.80
0.86
1/2
1.6
2.0
686
.77
.80
1.32
1/2
3.2
4.0
172
.77
.80
1.32
1/2
3.5
4.4
136
.77
.80
1.25
1/2
2.1
2.6
523
.80
.80
1.74
1/2
4.2
5.3
131
.80
.80
1.74
1/2
4.6
5.8
103
.80
.80
1.65
1/2
3.0
3.8
346
.84
.83
2.48
1/2
6.0
7.5
86
.84
.83
2.48
1/2
6.6
8.3
68
.84
.83
2.37
1/2
3.4
4.3
305
.85
.85
2.81
1/2
6.8
8.5
76
.85
.85
2.81
1/2
7.5
9.4
60
.85
.85
2.69
1/2
4.8
6.0
216
.86
.86
3.97
1/2
9.6
12.0
54
.86
.86
3.97
1/2
10.6
13.3
42
.86
.86
3.80
1/2
7.6
9.5
136
.87
.87
6.29
1/2
15.2
19.0
53
.87
.87
6.29
1/2
16.7
20.9
68
.87
.87
5.99
1/2
11.0
13.8
89
.89
.89
9.10
1/2
22.0
27.5
57
.89
.89
9.10
1/2
24.2
30.3
45
.89
.89
8.67
1/2
14.0
17.5
108
.90
.92
11.58
3/4
28.0
35.0
68
.90
.92
11.58
3/4
30.8
38.5
53
.90
.92
11.04
1/2
21.0
26.3
114
.91
.93
17.37
3/4
42.0
52.5
68
.91
.93
17.37
3/4
46.2
57.8
54
.91
.93
16.56
3/4
27.0
33.8
135
.91
.93
22.33
1
54.0
67.5
82
.91
.93
22.33
1
59.4
74.3
64
.91
.93
21.29
3/4
34.0
42.5
107
.91
.93
28.12

NEC
Switch
Size
115%
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
30
60
60
30
60
60
60
100
100
60

NEMA
Starter
Size

00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
2
2
3
2
3
3
2

Inst. C.B.
HMCP
Amps /
800%
3/9
3 / 18
3 / 19
3 / 13
7 / 26
7 / 28
3 / 17
7 / 34
7 / 37
7 / 24
7 / 48
15 / 53
7 / 27
15 / 54
15 / 60
7 / 38
15 / 77
15 / 85
15 / 61
25 / 122
25 / 133
15 / 88
30 / 176
30 / 193
25 / 112
50 / 224
50 / 246
25 / 168
50 / 330
70 / 369
50 / 216
70 / 432
70 / 457
50 / 272

Dual Ele.

T.D.
Fuse
175%
3
6
6
3
6
10
6
10
10
6
15
15
6
15
15
10
20
20
15
30
30
20
40
45
25
50
60
40
80
90
50
100
110
60

Horse
Power

30

40

50

60

75

100

125

150

200

R
u
n
s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2
2

75
Wire

Volts Conduit Ins. Eq.


L-L
Size Ground
In.
Size *

4
3
8
3
2
6
1
1/0
4
2/0
3/0
3
3/0
4/0
1
250
300
2/0
350
500
3/0
600
700
4/0
4/0
250
350
350
400

240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208
480
240
208

1
1
1/2
1
1
3/4
1-1/4
1-1/4
1
1-1/2
1-1/2
1
1-1/2
2
1-1/4
2
2
1-1/2
2-1/2
3
1-1/2
3
3
2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2

6
6
8
6
4
6
4
4
6
3
3
6
3
2
4
2
1
3
1/0
1/0
3
1/0
2/0
2
2/0
2/0
1
4/0
4/0

Conduit
With
Equip.
Ground
1
1
3/4
1
1-1/4
3/4
1-1/4
1-1/2
1
1-1/2
2
1
2
2
1-1/4
2
2-1/2
1-1/2
2-1/2
3
2
3
3-1/2
2
2
2-1/2
2-1/2
2-1/2
3

Full Design Maximum Approx. Approx.


Load Amps Distance Percent Percent
Efficiency
Amps
125%
For
P.F.
100%
1% Drop
68.0
85.0
65
.91
.93
74.8
93.5
63
.91
.93
40
50
91
.92
.93
80
100
68
.92
.93
88
110
66
.92
.93
52
65
110
.93
.93
104
130
78
.93
.93
114
143
80
.93
.93
65
81
136
.93
.93
130
163
95
.93
.93
143
179
92
.93
.93
77
96
141
.94
.94
154
193
99
.94
.94
169
211
94
.94
.94
96
120
170
.93
.94
192
240
107
.93
.94
211
264
97
.93
.94
124
155
200
.94
.94
248
310
106
.94
.94
273
341
103
.94
.94
156
195
195
.94
.96
312
390
115
.94
.96
343
429
95
.94
.96
180
225
204
.94
.96
360
450
102
.94
.96
396
495
90
.94
.96
240
300
220
.95
.96
480
600
110
.95
.96
528
660
94
.95
.96

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop .
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts

Load
KVA

28.12
26.81
33.08
33.08
31.54
43.01
43.01
40.86
53.76
53.76
51.25
63.68
63.68
60.57
79.40
79.40
75.62
102.55
102.55
97.84
129.02
129.02
122.93
148.87
148.87
141.92
198.49
198.49
189.23

NEC
Switch
Size
115%
100
100
60
200
200
60
200
200
100
200
200
100
200
200
200
400
400
200
400
400
200
400
400
400
600
600
400
600
800

NEMA
Starter
Size

3
3
3
3
4
3
4
4
3
4
5
4
5
5
4
5
5
4
5
6
5
6
6
5
6
6
5
6
7

Inst. C.B.
HMCP
Amps /
800%

Dual Ele.

T.D.
Fuse
175%
125
150
70
150
175
100
200
200
125
250
300
150
300
300
175
350
400
225
500
500
300
600
700
350
700
700
500
1,000
1,000

100 / 544
100 / 598
50 / 320
100 / 640
150 / 704
70 / 416
150 / 832
150 / 912
100 / 520
150 / 1040
250 / 1144
100 / 616
250 / 1232
250 / 1352
150 / 768
250 / 1536
250 / 1688
150 / 992
400 / 1984
400 / 2184
250 / 1248
400 / 2496
400 / 2744
250 / 1440
600 / 2880
600 / 3168
400 / 1920
600 / 3840
800 / 4224
* Based on Inverse Time C.B.

B. To determine actual voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the
table for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.

Inv. Time

C.B.
Amps
250%
5
10
10
5
10
10
10
15
15
10
15
20
10
20
20
15
25
30
20
40
45
30
60
70
35
70
80
60
110
125
70
150
150
90

Inv. Time

C.B.
Amps
250%
175
200
100
200
225
150
300
300
175
350
400
200
400
500
250
500
600
350
700
700
400
800
1,000
500
1,000
1,000
600
1,200
1,600
* Based on Inverse Time C.B.

Three-Phase Transformer Circuit Data


60 Hz - Rigid Conduit - Copper THWN Conductors - 30 C

XFMR
KVA
3

15

25

30

45

75

112.5

150

225

R
u
n
s
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
2

75
Wire
14
14
14
14
12
10
14
10
8
10
8
6
8
4
3
8
3
2
4
1/0
2/0
2
4/0
300
2/0
500
600
4/0
4/0
300
500
500

Volts Conduit Conduit Ins. Eq. Conduit Grounding FLA Design Maximum
Electrode
L-L
Size
With Ground
With
3ph
Amps Distance
In.
Full Size Size Neutral & Cond.
100% 125% 1% Drop
Eq. Ground
3-Each Neutral
.85 P.F.
480
1/2
1/2
14
1/2
8
3.6
4.5
287
240
1/2
1/2
14
1/2
8
7.2
9.0
72
208
1/2
1/2
14
1/2
8
8.3
10.4
54
480
1/2
1/2
14
1/2
8
7.2
9.0
144
240
1/2
1/2
12
1/2
8
14.4
18.0
55
208
1/2
1/2
10
1/2
8
16.7
20.8
68
480
1/2
1/2
14
1/2
8
10.8
13.5
96
240
1/2
1/2
10
1/2
8
21.7
27.1
61
208
1/2
3/4
10
3/4
8
25.0
31.2
69
480
1/2
1/2
10
1/2
8
18.0
22.6
146
240
1/2
3/4
10
3/4
8
36.1
45.1
55
208
3/4
3/4
10
1
8
41.6
52.0
64
480
1/2
3/4
10
3/4
8
30.1
37.6
132
240
1
1
8
1-1/4
8
60.1
75.2
78
208
1
1-1/4
8
1-1/4
8
69.4
86.7
71
480
1/2
3/4
10
3/4
8
36.1
45.1
110
240
1
1-1/4
8
1-1/4
8
72.2
90.2
79
208
1
1-1/4
6
1-1/2
8
83.3
104.1
72
480
1
1
8
1-1/4
8
54.1
68
174
240
1-1/4
1-1/2
6
1-1/2
6
108.3
135
98
208
1-1/2
2
6
2
4
124.9
156
85
480
1
1-1/4
6
1-1/2
8
90
113
154
240
2
2
4
2-1/2
2
180
226
96
208
2
2-1/2
4
2-1/2
2
208
260
88
480
1-1/2
2
6
2
4
135
169
181
240
3
3
3
3
1/0
271
338
103
208
3
3-1/2
3
3-1/2
1/0
312
390
82
480
2
2
4
2-1/2
2
180
226
191
240
2
2
2
2-1/2
1/0
361
451
96
208
2
2-1/2
1
3
1/0
416
520
88
480
3
3
3
3
1/0
271
338
206
240
3
3
1/0
3-1/2
2/0
541
677
103

%
Imp.

S/C Amps
With
Infinite
Primary

8.0
8.0
8.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.5
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.0
3.5
3.5
3.5
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.0

45
90
104
206
412
476
361
722
833
784
1,569
1,810
1,203
2,406
2,776
1,203
2,406
2,776
1,804
3,609
4,164
2,578
5,155
5,948
6,766
13,532
15,614
9,021
18,043
20,819
13,532
27,064

S/C Amps S/C Amps


With
With
50% Motor 100% Motor
Load
Load

52
105
121
221
441
509
383
765
883
821
1,641
1,894
1,263
2,526
2,915
1,275
2,550
2,942
1,913
3,825
4,414
2,758
5,516
6,365
7,037
14,073
16,238
9,382
18,764
21,651
14,073
28,147

70
141
162
257
513
592
437
873
1,008
911
1,822
2,102
1,413
2,827
3,262
1,455
2,911
3,359
2,183
4,366
5,038
3,209
6,418
7,405
7,713
15,427
17,800
10,284
20,569
23,733
15,427
30,853

NEC
Fuse
Amps
125%
6
10
15
10
20
25
15
30
35
25
50
60
40
80
90
50
100
110
70
150
175
125
250
300
175
350
400
250
500
600
350
700

XFMR
KVA

300

400

500

750

1000

1500

2000
2500

R
u
n
s
2
1
1
3
3
2
2
3
3
2
2
4
4
2
3
5
6
3
4
7
8
4
5
10
11
6
7
7
8

75
Wire
600
500
700
350
500
250
350
600
750
350
500
500
700
700
500
700
700
600
500
700
700
700
700
700
750
600
700
700
750

Volts Conduit Conduit Ins. Eq. Conduit Grounding FLA Design Maximum
Electrode
L-L
Size
With Ground
With
3ph
Amps Distance
In.
Full Size Size Neutral & Cond.
100% 125% 1% Drop
Eq. Ground
3-Each Neutral
.85 P.F.
208
3
3-1/2
1/0
3-1/2
3/0
625
781
82
600
3
3
3
3
1/0
289
361
266
480
3
3-1/2
2
4
2/0
361
451
171
240
2-1/2
3
2/0
3
2/0
722
902
97
208
3
3
3/0
3-1/2
3/0
833
1,041
87
600
2
2-1/2
2
2-1/2
1/0
385
481
303
480
2-1/2
3
1/0
3
2/0
481
601
194
240
3
3-1/2
4/0
3-1/2
3/0
962
1,203
92
208
3
3-1/2
4/0
4
3/0
1,110 1,388
75
600
2-1/2
3
1/0
3
2/0
481
601
290
480
3
3
1/0
3-1/2
2/0
601
752
186
240
3
3
4/0
3-1/2
3/0
1,203 1,504
93
208
3
3-1/2
250
4
3/0
1,388 1,735
77
600
3
3-1/2
2/0
4
3/0
722
902
193
480
3
3
3/0
3-1/2
3/0
902
1,128
186
240
3
3-1/2
350
4
3/0
1,804 2,255
85
208
3
3-1/2
400
4
3/0
2,082 2,602
77
600
3
3-1/2
4/0
3-1/2
3/0
962
1,203
218
480
3
3
4/0
3-1/2
3/0
1,203 1,504
186
240
3
3-1/2
500
4
3/0
2,406 3,007
90
208
3
3-1/2
500
4
3/0
2,776 3,470
77
600
3
3-1/2
250
4
3/0
1,443 1,804
213
480
3
3-1/2
350
4
3/0
1,804 2,255
171
240
3
3-1/2
700
4
3/0
3,609 4,511
85
208
3
3-1/2
800
4
3/0
4,164 5,205
73
600
3
3-1/2
350
3-1/2
3/0
1,925 2,406
231
480
3
3-1/2
500
4
3/0
2,406 3,007
179
600
3
3-1/2
500
4
3/0
2,406 3,007
224
480
3
3-1/2
500
4
3/0
3,007 3,759
170

%
Imp.

S/C Amps
With
Infinite
Primary

2.0
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75
5.75

31,228
6,415
8,019
16,038
18,505
8,554
10,692
21,384
24,674
10,692
13,365
26,730
30,842
12,551
15,689
31,379
36,206
16,735
20,919
41,838
48,275
25,103
31,379
62,757
72,412
33,471
41,838
41,838
52,298

S/C Amps S/C Amps


With
With
50% Motor 100% Motor
Load
Load

32,477
6,993
8,741
17,481
20,171
9,323
11,654
23,309
26,894
11,654
14,568
29,136
33,618
13,995
17,494
34,987
40,370
18,660
23,325
46,650
53,826
27,990
34,987
69,974
80,740
37,320
46,650
46,650
58,312

35,600
8,436
10,545
21,090
24,335
11,248
14,060
28,120
32,446
14,060
17,575
35,150
40,558
17,603
22,004
44,009
50,779
23,471
29,339
58,678
67,705
35,207
44,009
88,017
101,558
46,942
58,678
58,678
73,348

NEC
Fuse
Amps
125%
800
400
500
1,000
1,200
500
601
1,600
1,600
601
800
1,600
2,000
1,000
1,200
2,500
3,000
1,600
1,600
4,000
4,000
2,000
2,500
5,000
6,000
2,500
4,000
4,000
4,000

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine actual percent voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table for 1% drop .
Formulas:
A. Percent Voltage Drop = Actual Distance / Max Distance
B. Actual Volts Drop = (Actual Dist. / Max Dist.) / 100 x L-L Volts

B. To determine actual voltage drop:


1. Divide the actual distance by the max distance in the table
for 1% drop.
2. Divide the result by 100.
3. Multiply the result by the L-L voltage.

NEC
C.B.
Amps
125%
5
10
15
10
20
25
15
30
35
25
50
60
40
80
90
50
100
110
70
150
175
125
250
300
175
350
400
250
500
600
350
700

NEC
C.B.
Amps
125%
800
400
500
1,000
1,200
500
700
1,600
1,600
700
800
1,600
2,000
1,000
1,200
2,500
3,000
1,600
1,600
4,000
4,000
2,000
2,500
5,000
6,000
2,500
4,000
4,000
4,000

Factors for Determining Capacitor Kilovars


Desired Power Factor

O r i

g i

n a l

P o w e r

F a c t

o r

.80

.81

.82

.83

.84

.85

.86

.87

.88

.89

.90

.91

.92

.93

.94

.95

.96

.97

.98

.99

1.00

.05

19.225 19.251 19.277 19.303 19.329 19.355 19.382 19.408 19.435 19.463 19.491 19.519 19.549 19.580 19.612 19.646 19.683 19.724 19.772 19.832 19.975

.10

9.200

9.226

9.252

9.278

9.304

9.330

9.357

9.383

9.410

9.438

9.466

9.494

9.524

9.555

9.587

9.621

9.658

9.699

9.747

9.807

9.950

.20

4.149

4.175

4.201

4.227

4.253

4.279

4.306

4.332

4.359

4.387

4.415

4.443

4.473

4.504

4.536

4.570

4.607

4.648

4.696

4.756

4.899

.30

2.430

2.456

2.482

2.508

2.534

2.560

2.586

2.613

2.640

2.667

2.695

2.724

2.754

2.785

2.817

2.851

2.888

2.929

2.977

3.037

3.180

.40

1.541

1.567

1.593

1.619

1.645

1.672

1.698

1.725

1.752

1.779

1.807

1.836

1.865

1.896

1.928

1.963

2.000

2.041

2.088

2.149

2.291

.45

1.235

1.261

1.287

1.313

1.339

1.365

1.391

1.418

1.445

1.472

1.500

1.529

1.559

1.589

1.622

1.656

1.693

1.734

1.781

1.842

1.985

.46

1.180

1.206

1.232

1.258

1.284

1.311

1.337

1.364

1.391

1.418

1.446

1.475

1.504

1.535

1.567

1.602

1.639

1.680

1.727

1.788

1.930

.47

1.128

1.154

1.180

1.206

1.232

1.258

1.285

1.311

1.338

1.366

1.394

1.422

1.452

1.483

1.515

1.549

1.586

1.627

1.675

1.736

1.878

.48

1.078

1.104

1.130

1.156

1.182

1.208

1.234

1.261

1.288

1.315

1.343

1.372

1.402

1.432

1.465

1.499

1.536

1.577

1.625

1.685

1.828

.49

1.029

1.055

1.081

1.107

1.133

1.159

1.186

1.212

1.239

1.267

1.295

1.323

1.353

1.384

1.416

1.450

1.487

1.528

1.576

1.637

1.779

.50

.982

1.008

1.034

1.060

1.086

1.112

1.139

1.165

1.192

1.220

1.248

1.276

1.306

1.337

1.369

1.403

1.440

1.481

1.529

1.590

1.732

.51

.937

.963

.989

1.015

1.041

1.067

1.093

1.120

1.147

1.174

1.202

1.231

1.261

1.291

1.324

1.358

1.395

1.436

1.484

1.544

1.687

.52

.893

.919

.945

.971

.997

1.023

1.049

1.076

1.103

1.130

1.158

1.187

1.217

1.247

1.280

1.314

1.351

1.392

1.440

1.500

1.643

.53

.850

.876

.902

.928

.954

.980

1.007

1.033

1.060

1.088

1.116

1.144

1.174

1.205

1.237

1.271

1.308

1.349

1.397

1.458

1.600

.54

.809

.835

.861

.887

.913

.939

.965

.992

1.019

1.046

1.074

1.103

1.133

1.163

1.196

1.230

1.267

1.308

1.356

1.416

1.559

.55

.768

.794

.820

.846

.873

.899

.925

.952

.979

1.006

1.034

1.063

1.092

1.123

1.156

1.190

1.227

1.268

1.315

1.376

1.518

.56

.729

.755

.781

.807

.834

.860

.886

.913

.940

.967

.995

1.024

1.053

1.084

1.116

1.151

1.188

1.229

1.276

1.337

1.479

.57

.691

.717

.743

.769

.796

.822

.848

.875

.902

.929

.957

.986

1.015

1.046

1.079

1.113

1.150

1.191

1.238

1.299

1.441

.58

.655

.681

.707

.733

.759

.785

.811

.838

.865

.892

.920

.949

.979

1.009

1.042

1.076

1.113

1.154

1.201

1.262

1.405

.59

.618

.644

.670

.696

.723

.749

.775

.802

.829

.856

.884

.913

.942

.973

1.006

1.040

1.077

1.118

1.165

1.226

1.368

.60

.583

.609

.635

.661

.687

.714

.740

.767

.794

.821

.849

.878

.907

.938

.970

1.005

1.042

1.083

1.130

1.191

1.333

.61

.549

.575

.601

.627

.653

.679

.706

.732

.759

.787

.815

.843

.873

.904

.936

.970

1.007

1.048

1.096

1.157

1.299

.62

.515

.541

.567

.593

.620

.646

.672

.699

.726

.753

.781

.810

.839

.870

.903

.937

.974

1.015

1.062

1.123

1.265

.63

.483

.509

.535

.561

.587

.613

.639

.666

.693

.720

.748

.777

.807

.837

.870

.904

.941

.982

1.030

1.090

1.233

.64

.451

.477

.503

.529

.555

.581

.607

.634

.661

.688

.716

.745

.775

.805

.838

.872

.909

.950

.998

1.058

1.201

.65

.419

.445

.471

.497

.523

.549

.576

.602

.629

.657

.685

.714

.743

.774

.806

.840

.877

.919

.966

1.027

1.169

.66

.388

.414

.440

.466

.492

.519

.545

.572

.599

.626

.654

.683

.712

.743

.775

.810

.847

.888

.935

.996

1.138

.67

.358

.384

.410

.436

.462

.488

.515

.541

.568

.596

.624

.652

.682

.713

.745

.779

.816

.857

.905

.966

1.108

.68

.328

.354

.380

.406

.432

.459

.485

.512

.539

.566

.594

.623

.652

.683

.715

.750

.787

.828

.875

.936

1.078

.69

.299

.325

.351

.377

.403

.429

.456

.482

.509

.537

.565

.593

.623

.654

.686

.720

.757

.798

.846

.907

1.049

.70

.270

.296

.322

.348

.374

.400

.427

.453

.480

.508

.536

.565

.594

.625

.657

.692

.729

.770

.817

.878

1.020

.71

.242

.268

.294

.320

.346

.372

.398

.425

.452

.480

.508

.536

.566

.597

.629

.663

.700

.741

.789

.849

.992

.72

.214

.240

.266

.292

.318

.344

.370

.397

.424

.452

.480

.508

.538

.569

.601

.635

.672

.713

.761

.821

.964

.73

.186

.212

.238

.264

.290

.316

.343

.370

.396

.424

.452

.481

.510

.541

.573

.608

.645

.686

.733

.794

.936

.74

.159

.185

.211

.237

.263

.289

.316

.342

.369

.397

.425

.453

.483

.514

.546

.580

.617

.658

.706

.766

.909

O r i

g i

n a l

P o w e r

F a c t

o r

Desired Power Factor


.80

.81

.82

.83

.84

.85

.86

.87

.88

.89

.90

.91

.92

.93

.94

.95

.96

.97

.98

.99

1.00

.75

.132

.158

.184

.210

.236

.262

.289

.315

.342

.370

.398

.426

.456

.487

.519

.553

.590

.631

.679

.739

.882

.76

.105

.131

.157

.183

.209

.235

.262

.288

.315

.343

.371

.400

.429

.460

.492

.526

.563

.605

.652

.713

.855

.77

.079

.105

.131

.157

.183

.209

.235

.262

.289

.316

.344

.373

.403

.433

.466

.500

.537

.578

.626

.686

.829

.78

.052

.078

.104

.130

.156

.183

.209

.236

.263

.290

.318

.347

.376

.407

.439

.474

.511

.552

.599

.660

.802

.79

.026

.052

.078

.104

.130

.156

.183

.209

.236

.264

.292

.320

.350

.381

.413

.447

.484

.525

.573

.634

.776

.80

.026

.052

.078

.104

.130

.157

.183

.210

.238

.266

.294

.324

.355

.387

.421

.458

.499

.547

.608

.750

.81

.026

.052

.078

.104

.131

.157

.184

.212

.240

.268

.298

.329

.361

.395

.432

.473

.521

.581

.724

.82

.026

.052

.078

.105

.131

.158

.186

.214

.242

.272

.303

.335

.369

.406

.447

.495

.556

.698

.83

.026

.052

.079

.105

.132

.160

.188

.216

.246

.277

.309

.343

.380

.421

.469

.530

.672

.84

.026

.053

.079

.106

.134

.162

.190

.220

.251

.283

.317

.354

.395

.443

.503

.646

.85

.026

.053

.080

.107

.135

.164

.194

.225

.257

.291

.328

.369

.417

.477

.620

.86

.027

.054

.081

.109

.138

.167

.198

.230

.265

.302

.343

.390

.451

.593

.87

.027

.054

.082

.111

.141

.172

.204

.238

.275

.316

.364

.424

.567

.88

.027

.055

.084

.114

.145

.177

.211

.248

.289

.337

.397

.540

.89

.028

.057

.086

.117

.149

.184

.221

.262

.309

.370

.512

.90

.029

.058

.089

.121

.156

.193

.234

.281

.342

.484

.91

.030

.060

.093

.127

.164

.205

.253

.313

.456

.92

.031

.063

.097

.134

.175

.223

.284

.426

.93

.032

.067

.104

.145

.192

.253

.395

.94

.034

.071

.112

.160

.220

.363

.95

.037

.078

.126

.186

.329

.96

.041

.089

.149

.292

.97

.048

.108

.251

.98

.061

.203

.99

.142

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

A. To determine kilovars needed:


1. Determine the original load KW and power factor to be used.
KVAR = KW [TAN(ACOS(pf1) - TAN(ACOS(pf2)]
2. Locate the original power factor from the column on the far left side of the table.
3. Across that row find where the corresponding desired power factor from the heading intersects the original power factor.
4. Multiply the corresponding factor with the load KW to detemine the KVARS needed.
Formula:
A. Kilovars = Factor x KW

NEMA Ratings for Enclosures


Enclosure Designation
Exposure Description
Outdoor Locations
Hazardous Locations
Indoor Locations
Incidental contact with the enclosed equipment
Falling Dirt
Falling liquids and light splashing
Circulating dust, lint, fibers and flyings
Settling airborne dust, lint, fibers and flyings
Hosedown and splashing water
Oil and coolant seepage
Oil or coolant spraying and splashing
Corrosive agents
Occasional temporary submersion
Occasional prolonged submersion
Rain, snow, and sleet
Sleet *
Windblown dust
Hosedown
Class I
Class II
Class III
Group A
Group B
Group C
Group D
Group E
Group F
Group G
Group 10

X
X
X

X
X
X
X

3R

3S

4X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X

6P

X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X

X
X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X

X
X
X

X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved


* Mechanism shall be operable when ice covered.

X
X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X

12

12K

X
X
X
X
X
X

X
X
X
X
X
X

13

X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X

Copper THWN Conductors


Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved
Quan

3
+
=
4

14
0.0097

12
0.0133

10
0.0211

8
0.0366

6
0.0507

4
0.0824

3
0.0973

2
0.1158

1
0.1562

0
0.1855

00
0.2223

000
0.2679

0.0291

0.0399

0.0633

0.1098

0.1521

0.2472

0.2919

0.3474

0.4686

0.5565

0.6669

0.8037

0.0097

0.0133

0.0211

0.0211

0.0366

0.0366

0.0366

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0388

0.0532

0.0844

0.1309

0.1887

0.2838

0.3285

0.3981

0.5193

0.6072

0.7176

0.8544

0.0388

0.0532

0.0844

0.1464

0.2028

0.3296

0.3892

0.4632

0.6248

0.742

0.8892

1.0716

0.0097

0.0133

0.0211

0.0211

0.0366

0.0366

0.0366

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0485

0.0665

0.1055

0.1675

0.2394

0.3662

0.4258

0.5139

0.6755

0.7927

0.9399

1.1223

Quan

0000
0.3237

250
0.397

300
0.4608

350
0.5242

400
0.5863

500
0.7073

600
0.8676

700
0.9887

750
1.0496

800
1.1085

900
1.2311

1000
1.3478

0.9711

1.191

1.3824

1.5726

1.7589

2.1219

2.6028

2.9661

3.1488

3.3255

3.6933

4.0434

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

0.0973

0.0973

0.1158

0.1158

0.1158

0.1562

0.1562

1.0535

1.2734

1.4648

1.655

1.8413

2.2192

2.7001

3.0819

3.2646

3.4413

3.8495

4.1996

1.2948

1.588

1.8432

2.0968

2.3452

2.8292

3.4704

3.9548

4.1984

4.434

4.9244

5.3912

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

0.0973

0.0973

0.1158

0.1158

0.1158

0.1562

0.1562

1.3772

1.6704

1.9256

2.1792

2.4276

2.9265

3.5677

4.0706

4.3142

4.5498

5.0806

5.5474

Aluminum THWN Conductors


Copyright 1994 - V.F. Christoffer - All Rights Reserved

Quan

3
+
=
4

14
N/A

12
0.0133

10
0.0211

8
0.0366

6
0.0507

4
0.0824

3
0.0973

2
0.1158

1
0.1562

0
0.1855

00
0.2223

000
0.2679

N/A

0.0399

0.0633

0.1098

0.1521

0.2472

0.2919

0.3474

0.4686

0.5565

0.6669

0.8037

N/A

0.0133

0.0211

0.0366

0.0366

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

N/A

0.0532

0.0844

0.1464

0.1887

0.2979

0.3426

0.3981

0.5193

0.6389

0.7493

0.8861

N/A

0.0532

0.0844

0.1464

0.2028

0.3296

0.3892

0.4632

0.6248

0.742

0.8892

1.0716

N/A

0.0133

0.0211

0.0366

0.0366

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0507

0.0824

0.0824

0.0824

N/A

0.0665

0.1055

0.183

0.2394

0.3803

0.4399

0.5139

0.6755

0.8244

0.9716

1.154

Quan

0000
0.3237

250
0.397

300
0.4608

350
0.5242

400
0.5863

500
0.7073

600
0.8676

700
0.9887

750
1.0496

800
1.1085

900
1.2311

1000
1.3478

0.9711

1.191

1.3824

1.5726

1.7589

2.1219

2.6028

2.9661

3.1488

3.3255

3.6933

4.0434

0.0824

0.1158

0.1158

0.1158

0.1158

0.1562

0.1562

0.1562

0.1562

0.1562

0.1855

0.1855

1.0535

1.3068

1.4982

1.6884

1.8747

2.2781

2.759

3.1223

3.305

3.4817

3.8788

4.2289

1.2948

1.588

1.8432

2.0968

2.3452

2.8292

3.4704

3.9548

4.1984

4.434

4.9244

5.3912

0.0824

0.1158

0.1158

0.1158

0.1158

0.1562

0.1562

0.1562

0.1562

0.1562

0.1855

0.1855

1.3772

1.7038

1.959

2.2126

2.461

2.9854

3.6266

4.111

4.3546

4.5902

5.1099

5.5767

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