UNIT 6 THE ENVIRONMENT

1. GETTING STARTED
Match these environmental problems to the pictures.
garbage dump air pollution ater pollution
de!orestation d"namite #shing spra"ing pesticides
$. %ISTEN AND READ
Mr. &ron is tal'ing to some volunteer conservationists.
(I ant ever"one to listen care!ull") please. *irst o! all) I+d li'e "ou to divide
into three groups. Each group should ta'e #ve plastic bags. ,nce "ou have
#lled a bag) come bac' to me as "ou ill need another. I need group one to al'
along the shore. Group to should chec' the sand) and group three has to chec'
among the roc's. Mr. -ones is going to collect all the bags and ta'e them to the
garbage dump. Mrs. Smith has 'indl" provided a picnic lunch !or us) but e on+t
eat until the hole area is clean. I! "ou can+t #nd "our place) I ill help "ou get there
ith this map. Don+t orr". ... uh ... I+m disappointed that people have spoiled this
area. .oever) e are here to do something about this pollution. /e must all or'
ver" hard. And) i! e or' hard) e+ll ma'e this beach a clean and beauti!ul place
again. ,0. No. %et+s get started.(
a. Match the names in column A ith the tas's in column &. Then rite the
!ull sentences.
Group 1 al' along the shore. Group $ chec' the sand1 Group 2 chec' among the
roc's.
Mr. -ones collect

all the bags) and ta'e them to the garbage dump.
Mrs. Smith provide a picnic lunch !or ever"one. Mr &ron give out the bags.
b3 Anser.
l. /ho is the spea'er4 $. /ho are the listeners4 2. /here are the"4 5. /hat are
the" going to do4
6. /hat ill the" achieve
7
i! the" or' hard toda"4 8. .ave "ou ever done
an"thing similar4 I! "es) hat did "ou do4 /here did "ou do it4 9. I! the pollution
continues) hat might happen4
3. SPEAK
a3 Tr" to persuade "our partner into doing the !olloing things to protect
the environment. :se the e;pressions and the idea cues given. *ollo
the e;ample.
I thin' "ou should . . . /on<t "ou . . .4 It ould be better i! "ou . . .
/h" don<t "ou . . .4 /h" not . . .4 /hat = .o about . . .4
7 :se banana leaves to rap !ood. >?lastic bags are ver" hard to dissolve = save
paper 3
7 Reuse and rec"cle bottles and cans > Reduce garbage =save natural resources3
7 Not thro trash onto the ater. >0eep the ater clean = polluted ater can
directl" do harm to
people+s health and 'ill #sh3
7 Go to school or go to or' b" bi'e .> Save energ" = 'eep the air cleaner3
7 ?ut garbage bins around the school"ard. > ?revent la@" students !rom throing
trash = 'eep the school"ard clean 3
7 :se public buses instead o! motorbi'es > avoid traAc Bams = reduce e;haust
!ume = save energ" 3
E;ample1
A1 I thin' it ould be better i! e use banana leaves instead o! paper or
plastic bags to rap !ood. &1 /h"4 .o come4 .
A1 &ecause plastic bags are ver" hard to dissolve) the" ill cause
pollution. And i! e use less) paper) e can save trees in the !orests.
That+s ho e can save the environment.
b3 *ind the possible ansers to the Cuestionnaire. Dou can use the ideas in
section a3.
E:ESTI,NNAIRES
?rotecting the environment
.o can e . . .
Save paper4 :se !eer plastic bags4 Reduce ater pollution4
?revent littering4 Reduce air pollution4 Reduce the amount o! garbage e
produce4
c3 No discuss ith a partner the best a" to protect the environment. Ta'e
turns to tr" and persuade "our partner into doing things "ou thin' the most
practical. :se the ideas and the e;pressions !or persuading in section a3 and
the ansers to the Cuestionnaire in b3.
E;ample1
7 I thin' e should burn trash to reduce the amount o! garbage e produce to
protect the environment.
7 No) e shouldn<t do that. &urning trash ill pollute the air. I thin' the best
a" to reduce garbage is to reuse and rec"cle things.
7 .o can e do that4 I thin' onl" the !actor" can.
7 /hat about collecting used paper) bottles and cans ever" da"4

It<s

not
diAcult.
7 That<s a good ideaF %et<s do that.
4. LISTEN
%isten to the report on ho our oceans are polluted. Then complete the notes.
How the ocean is polluted
*irstl"1 ra seage pumped directl" into the sea.
Secondl"1 . dropped into the sea. Thirdl"1 oil spill . . .Ne;t1 . . .*inall"1
TAPE TRANSCRIPT
Our oceans are becoming extremely polluted. Most of this pollution comes from the land,
which means it comes from people. Firstly, there is raw sewage, which is pumped directly into the
sea. Many countries, both developed and developing, are guilty of doing this. Secondly, ships drop
about 6 million tons of garbage into the sea each year. Thirdly, there are oil spills from ships. ship
has an accident and oil lea!s from the vessel. This not only pollutes the water, but it also !ills marine
life. "ext, there are waste materials from factories. #ithout proper regulations, factory owners let the
waste run directly into the rivers, which then leads to the sea. nd finally, oil is washed from the land.
This can be the result of carelessness or a deliberate dumping of waste.
5. READ
Read this poem about the environment.
MUMMY, OH MUMMY
(Mumm") oh Mumm") hat+s going to happen
I! all the pollution goes on4(
(/ell the orld ill end up li'e a second7hand Bun'7"ard)
/ith all o! its treasures Cuite gone.
The #elds ill be littered ith plastics and tins)
The streams ill be covered ith !oam.
No thro those soda bottles over the hedge)
Save us !rom ta'ing them home.(
(&ut Mumm") oh Mumm") i! I thro the bottles)
/on+t that be polluting the ood4(
(NonsenseF That isn+t the same thing at all)
Dou Bust 'eep Cuiet and be good.
I! "ou+re going to start getting sill" ideas)
I+ll ta'e "ou home right aa".
&ecause pollution is something that other !ol' do)
/e+re Bust enBo"ing our da".(
a3 Match each ord in A to an appropriate e;planation in &.
13 Bun'7"ard1 a piece o! land !ull o! rubbish. $3 end up1 reach a state o!
23 treasure1 valuable or precious things 53 !oam1 mass o! bubbles o! air or
gas
63 stream1 a Go o! ater 83 hedge1 a ro o! things !orming a !ence 93 !ol'1
people
b3 Anser. Then rite the ansers in "our e;ercise boo'.
1. According to the mother) hat ill happen i! the pollution goes on4
$. /ho does the mother thin' pollute the environment4
2. /hat ill happen to the bo" i! he 'eeps on as'ing his mother such
Cuestions4
5. Do "ou thin' the bo"+s Cuestion >line H71I3 is sill"4 /h" >not34
6. /hat does the poet ant us to learn about 'eeping the environment
unpolluted4
8. /hat could "ou do in "our school = house to minimi@e pollution4
6. WRITE
A complaint letter has #ve sections
Situtation states the reason !or riting
Jomplication mentions the problem
Resolution ma'e a suggestion
Action tal's about the !uture action
?oliteness ends the letter politel"

a3 Mr Nhat rote a complaint letter to the director o! %K? Jompan" in
.o Jhi Minh Jit". The #ve sections o! the letter are not in the right order
%abel each section ith the appropriate letter1 S) J) R) A) or ?
$8 Tran ?hu Street
.a Noi
The director ,ctober H) $II2
%K? Transport Jompan"
4! "eloi #oule$a%d
.JM Jit"
Dear Sir=Madam)
I am riting to "ou about the short stop o! "our truc's around m" house on
their a" to the north.
/hen the truc's o! "our compan" have a short brea' on the streets around
m" house) the drivers have le!t lots o! garbage on the ground a!ter their
re!reshment. /hen the truc's leave the place) the ground is covered ith trash
and a !e minutes later there is smell and Gies.
I ould suggest that "our compan" should tell "our drivers to clear up all
the trash on the ground be!ore leaving.
I loo' !orard to hearing !rom "ou and seeing good response !rom "our
compan".
Dours !aith!ull")
Tran Lu Nhat
b3 These da"s) man" people begin to catch #sh in the la'e behind "our
house. /hat ma'es "ou orried most is the" use electricit" to catch #sh. A
lot o! small #sh died and Goated on the ater sur!ace. ,ther animals such
as !rogs) toads) and even birds have also died !rom electric shoc' aves.
Dou thin' that local authorities should prohibit and #ne heavil" an"one
catching #sh in this a".
No) rite a letter to the head o! the local authorities to complain about the
a" o! catching #sh in the la'e behind "our house. *olloing S J R A ? !ormat.
&egin ith1
Dear Mr ?resident)
I am riting to "ou about the problem o! #sh catching in the la'e behind m"
house.
I am ver" orried because people >don+t use #shing rod or net but3 use
electricit" to catch #sh. A!ter a short time the" le!t the place = la'e) a .lot o! small
#sh died and Goated on the ater sur!ace. ,ther animals such as !rogs) toads)
and even birds also died !rom electric shoc' aves.
I ould suggest the local authorities should prohibit and #ne heavil" an"one
using this a" o! catching #sh.
I loo' !orard to hearing !rom "ou and .seeing the protection o! environment
!rom the local authorit".
Sincerel")
"AN&UA&E 'OCUS
MAdBectives and adverbs MAdverb clauses o! reason >as) because3 MAdBective N
that clause
Jonditional sentence t"pe 1
1. Jhange the adBectives into adverbs. Then use the adverbs to complete
the sentences.
a3 .oa as e;tremel" pleased that she got an A !or her assignment.
b3 The old man al'ed slol" to the par'.
c3 Tuan sighed sadl" hen he heard that he !ailed the test.
d3 The bab" laughed happil" as she pla"ed ith her to"s.
e3 Mrs. Nga spea's English Cuite ell.
$. -oin the pairs o! sentences together. :se because) as or since1 E;ample1
a3 &a is tired because = as = since he sta"ed up late atching TL.
b3 I have a bro'en leg. I !ell over hile I as pla"ing bas'etball.
c3 I+m going to be late !or school. The bus is late. d3 I bro'e the cup. I as careless.
e3 I ant to go home. I !eel sic'. !3 I+m hungr". I haven+t eaten all da".
2. Jomplete the dialogues. :se the ords in brac'ets.
a3 &a1 DadF I got mar' H on m" testF
Mr. .a1 That+s onder!ul. I+m pleased that "ou are or'ing hard.
b3 Mrs. Eu"en1 /hen are "ou going on vacation ith "our !amil") Sall"4
Mrs. Robinson1 Tomorro. I+m . > e;cited = go Da %at 3
c3 %an1 I+m . > sorr" = brea' bic"cle 3
Tien1 Don+t orr". I can #; it.
d3 %i@1 I !orgot to tell "ou I as going to %an+s place.
Mr. Robinson: I+m > disappointed = not phone 3
e3 Miss %ien1 JongratulationsF
Nga1 Than's. I+m. > ama@ed = in #rst pri@e 3
5. Match each hal!7sentence in column A ith a suitable one in column &.
E;ample1 1
$f we pollute the water, we will have no fresh water to use
$f you cut down the trees in the forests, there will be big floods every year.
$f there is too much exhaust fume in the air, more any more people will cope with
respiratory problems.
$f you can !eep your neighborhood clean, you will have an ideal place to live.
$f people stop using dynamite for fishing, a lot of sea creatures will be well preserved.
6. Jomplete the sentences.
a% $f the rice paddies are polluted, the rice plants will die.
b% $f we go on littering, the environment will become seriously polluted.
c% $f we plant more trees along the streets, we will have more shade and fresh air.
&% $f we use much pesticide on vegetables, the vegetables will become poisonous and
inedible.
e% $f we !eep our environment clean, we will live a happier and healthier life.
UNIT 7: SAVING ENERGY
1. GETTING STARTED
Look at the pictures. Work with a partner to make a list of things the family could do to save energy.
2. LISTEN AND READ
Mrs. Mi is talking with her neighbor, Mrs. Ha.
Mrs. Mi' #hat(s the matter, Mrs. )a*
Mrs. )a' $(m worried about my most recent water bill. $t(s enormous.
Mrs. Mi' +et me see. ,--,--- dong. /ou should reduce the amount of water your family uses.
Mrs. )a' )ow do $ do that*
Mrs. Mi' First of all, get a plumber to chec! there are no crac!s in the pipes.
Mrs. )a' $(ll do that.
Mrs. Mi' 0aths use twice as much water as showers, so $ suggest ta!ing showers. nd
remember to turn off faucets. dripping faucet can waste 1-- liters of water a month.
Mrs. )a' $ see. Than! you.
a) Practice the dialogue with a partner.
b) rue, or !alse" #heck $.%) the bo&. hen correct the false statements. !
l. Mrs. )a is worried about her water bill.
,. Mrs Mi gives Mrs. )a advice on how to
.
save water.
2. Mrs. )a has chec!ed the pipes in her house and found no crac!s.
&. Mrs. )a suggests getting some tool to chec! crac!s in the pipes.
1. Mrs. Mi suggests ta!ing showers to save water.
3. SPEAK
a) Look at the e&pressions in the tables and pictures. Make suggestions about how to save energy.'(
3xample' ). * think we should turn off the
.
faucet.
* suggest fi&ing the faucet.
Suggest!" Res#!"se
$ suggest 4 5 ing ... O6
$ thin! we should ... That(s a good idea.
Shall we ...* ll right.
#hy don(t we ...*. "o. $ don(t want to.
)ow about 4 57ing ...* $ prefer to ...
#hat about 4 57ing ...* +et(s ... +et(s ...
b) Work in a group of four Work out an action plan to save energy for your class. he e&pressions
and ideas in section a) may help you.
3xample'
)+ * think we should take a shower instead of bath to save energy.
,+ hat(s a good idea.
#+ How about making posters on energy saving and hanging them around our school"
-+ .reat/ Let(s do that.
$. LISTEN
a) Listen to the news on solar energy and decide whether the statements are true. #heck $0) the
bo& and correct the false statements.
8. Solar energy can be cheap and clean.
,. Most of our electricity now comes from nuclear power.
2. The solar energy that gets to the 3arth cannot provide enough power for the world(s population.
&. Solar energy can be used on cloudy days.
1. ll buildings in Sweden will be heated by solar energy in ,-1-.
b) Listen again and fill in each blank with the word you hear
8. The Sun can be an . . .source of power. ,. Solar energy doesn(t cause . . .
2. lot of . . .in the world are already using solar energy.
&. $t is possible to . . .solar energy for a number of days.
1. Solar panels are installed on the . . .of a house to receive energy from the Sun.
6. #e can save natural resources by using solar energy . . . of coal, gas and oil.
TAPE TRANSCRIPT
re you loo!ing for a cheap, clean, effective source of power that doesn(t cause pollution or waste
natural resources* +oo! no further than solar energy from our sun. t present, most of our electricity
comes from the use of coal, gas, oil, or nuclear power. This power could be provided by the sun. One
percent of the solar energy that reaches the 3arth is enough to provide power for the total population.
Many countries are already using solar energy. Solar panels are placed on the. roof of a house
and the Sun(s energy is used to heat water. The energy can be stored for a number of days, so on
cloudy days you can use solar energy too.
Sweden has an advanced solar, energy program. There, all buildings will be heated by solar
energy and cars will use solar power instead of gas by the year ,-81.
%. READ
$n #estern countries, electricity, gas, and water are not luxuries but necessities. 9ompanies, now
reali:e that consumers want products that will not only wor! effectively, but also save money.
For most "orth merican households, lighting accounts for 8- per cent to 81 per cent of the
electricity bill. )owever, this amount can be reduced by replacing an ordinary 8--7watt light bulb with an
energy7saving bulb. These bulbs use a ;uarter of the electricity of standard bulbs and last eight times
longer. Therefore consumers can save about <S=> to <S=,8 per bulb.
$n 3urope, there is a labeling scheme for refrigerators, free:ers, washing machines and tumble
dryers. The label tells the consumers how much energy efficiency each model has, compared with other
appliances in the same category.
<ltimately, these innovations will save money as well as conserve the 3arth(s resources.
a) Which of the following is the best summary of the passage"
8. 3nergy7saving bulbs should be used to save electricity.
,. $n #estern countries electricity, gas, and water are necessities.
2. "orth merican and 3uropean countries are interested in saving money and natural resources.
&. +abeling schemes help save energy.
b) )nswer the 1uestions. Write the answers in your e&ercise book.
8. #hat are #estern consumers interested in*
,. #hat can we do to spend less on lighting*
2. Mrs. ?ones uses only two ordinary bulbs and she pays <S=@ for lighting. )ow much will she
pay if she uses two energy7saving bulbs instead*
&. #hat is the purpose of the labeling scheme*
1. #hy should we save energy*
6. &RITE
) speech usually has three parts+ *ntroduction, ,ody and #onclusion.
a) Match each part of a speech in column ) to a suitable function in column ,.
8% introduction' getting peopleAs attention and telling them what you are going to tal! about
,% ,ody' giving details in easy7to7understand language
2% #onclusion' summing up what you have Bust said.
b) Put the following sections in the correct place to complete a speech.
8. $f you follow these simple rules, not only will you save money, but also the environment will be cleaner.
,. Most of, us use too much gas. /ou can reduce this amount by'
C traveling by bicycle or public transport
C having a mechanic chec! your motorcycle regularly
2. Dood evening, ladies and gentlemen. $(m Erofessor Foberts and tonight $(m going to tell you how to
save money.
c) #hoose one of the following topics and prepare a speech for your classmates. he ideas in
the callouts may help you.
7Feducing garbage'
collect plastic bags
not !eep solid waste with food wastet
put different !inds of waste in different places
7Feusing paper'
have a separate wastebas!et for #astepaper
!eep sheets with single printed page for drafting
7Saving energy in the !itchen'
turn off the lights .
prepare food carefully before turning on the stove
!eep refrigerator door closed
"AN&UA&E 'OCUS
G9onnectives' and, but, because, or, so, therefore, however
GEhrasal verbs' turn off, turn on, loo! for, loo! after, go on
GMa!ing suggestions' suggest 4 verb7ing, suggest Hthat% 4 S 4 should
l. #omplete the sentences. 2se the correct connectives.
a% Mrs. Iuyen bought corn, potatoes . . . cabbages at the mar!et. $and % or%
b% $(d love to play volleyball . . .$ have to complete an assignment. $and% but)
c% "am got wet . . .he forgot his umbrella. Hso J because)
d% )oa failed her math test . . .she has to do the test again.$However % herefore) ,
e% Ko you want 5ietnamese tea . . .mil! tea* $and%or)
f% $t(s raining, . . .$ can(t go to the beach. Hso % however)
g% 0a(s hobbies are playing football . . .collecting stamps. $and%or)
h% "a is very tired. . . she has to finish her homewor! before she goes to bed. $However % herefore)
3. #omplete the sentences. 2se the right tense form of the phrasal verbs in the bo& and the pictures.
Turn on Turn off loo! for loo! after go on
a% )anh can(t go to the movies with us tonight. She will have to . . . her little sister.
b% $f we . . .wasting water, there will be a shortage of fresh water in a few decades.
c% L . . . the T5 for me, will you* $ want to watch the weather forecast.M
d% M$ thin! $(ve lost my new pen. $(ve . . .it everywhere and $ can(t find it anywhere.M
e% Mrs. /en forgot to . . . the faucet when she left for wor!.
4. Make suggestions.
a% /our class wants to help the poor in the neighborhood of your school . he foll owi ng i deas
may hel p you.
3xample' $ suggest col l ecti ng some money.
collect unused clothes
organi:e a show to raise money
give lessons to poor children
help elderly people and war invalids with their chores
b% 5our fri end want s t o i mprove hi s% her 6ngl i sh. he
.
fol l owi ng ideas may help you.
3xample' l suggest $that) you shoul d work harder on your pronunciati on.
write sentences with new words
spea! 3nglish in class
buy a good dictionary
do some reading every day
<"$T @ 93+30FT$O"S
1. GETTING STARTED
Work with a partner. Match the icons with the names of the celebrations they represent.
3aster 9hristmas Mid7Fall Festival +unar "ew /ear birthday wedding
2. LISTEN AND READ
lthough there are many celebrations throughout the year, Tet or the +unar "ew /ear holiday is
the most important celebration for 5ietnamese people. Tet is a festival which occurs in late ?anuary or
early February. $t is a time for families to clean and decorate their homes, and enBoy special food such
as stic!y rice ca!es. Family members who live apart try to be together at Tet.
Eassover is in late March or early pril. This festival is celebrated in $srael and by all ?ewish
people. On this festival, people celebrate freedom from Nslavery. Eassover is also an ancient spring
festival. On the first and second nights of Eassover, ?ewish families eat a special meal called the Seder.
3aster is a Boyful festival which is celebrated in many countries. $t happens at around the same
time as Eassover. On 3aster Kay H3aster Sunday%, young children receive chocolate or sugar eggs 7 as
long as they are good. $n many countries, people crowd the streets to watch colorful parades.
"ow complete the table.
#elebration When )ctivities Food 9ountry
Tet
Eassover
3aster
3. SPEAK
his is how to give and respond to compliments+
..ive a compliment 7espond to a compliment
#ell done. Than!s.
That(s a greatJan excellent... . $t(s nice of you to say so.
+et me congratulate you on... . That(s very !ind of you.
7ead the following situations with a partner, then give and respond to appropriate compliments.
a% Trang has Bust won the first pri:e in the 3nglish spea!ing contest.
3xample' Mai+ Well done, rang.
rang+ hanks.
b% On her mother(s birthday, )uyen made a big beautiful ca!e to celebrate.
c) Tuan is an active student. )e has ta!en part in different charity activities in his town. Tuan has
been nominated as the most effective activist in the town charity program.
d% )oa brings to class a new picture she has painted.
"ow thi n! of situations in which you can compliment your friends and get responses from
himJherJthem, then ma!e up dialogues with your partner.
$. LISTEN
Listen to the song )uld Lang 8yne. !ill in the missing words.
Auld "an( S)ne
Should auld ac;uaintance be forgot
and never brought to mind*
Should auld ac;uaintance be forgot
and days of auld lang syne*
For auld lang syne, my dear,
for auld long syne,
we(ll ta!e a cup of !indness yet,
for auld lang syne,
Should auld ac;uaintance be forgot
and never brought to mind*
Should auld ac;uaintance be forgot
and days of auld long syne*
nd here(s a hand, my trusty friend
and gie(s a hand o( thine
#e(ll ta!( a cup o( !indness yet
For auld lang syne.
%. READ
here are many occasions

for you to e&press your feelings to others. !ollowing are opinions,
feelings and memories of children about their fathers on !ather9s -ay in )ustralia and the 28) .
Fita Hustralia%
o the one who teaches me how to love, cry and laugh.
o the one who says never lose heart and always finish what you start.
o the one whose feelings for me are so strong that the word love can(t describe them.
#an you guess who it is"
*t(s not too hard to tell...
?ane H<S%
Kaddy, $ am writing this to tell you how much you are missed and loved. * will always remember that day :
my wedding day. 5ou were standing there with tears in your eyes while $ was walking towards my groom.
5ou gave me hug, and the feeling that you never wanted to let me go+ ,ut at last * had to leave you and start
my new life ... a moment in time that lasted forever. * now have children, -ad, but * will always be your little
girl/ Happy !ather(s -ay.
0ob Hustralia%
5ou ask me what * think about my dad. .reat/ .reat/ * must tell you my dad is the best person in the world.
-o you know what * mean" He is a considerate and generous man who is loved not only by his family but
also by all his fiends. His priority is always his family. His sense of humor distinguishes him from others. *n a
word, my dad(s terrific/ *(m so proud of him and love him so much. Happy !ather(s -ay, -addy/
nswer a% #ho do you thin! Fita sends this card to*
b% $s ?ane(s father alive or dead* )ow do you !now this*
c% #hat ;uality ma!es 0ob(s father different from others*
d% #hat image of a father can you draw from the three passages*
6. &RITE
*n 0iet ;am people do not celebrate Mother9s -ay or !ather9s -ay. 5ou think it is necessary to
have a day to celebrate for your mom and another for your dad. Write to a friend to share this
idea. !ollow this outline. <utline
First paragraph' Tell your friend the reasonHs% for celebrating this day Hfor children to express
their feelings, memories, and love for their parents, to enhance family
traditions, to bring family members closer ...%
Second paragraph' give details about'
7 when to celebrate' in what season, or what month, what date of the month or
day of the wee! ... Hwhy*%
7 how to celebrate' having parties, sending cards, going on picnics ...
7 what special gifts to give' gifts to moms, gifts to dads.
7 what special food to offer.
Third paragraph' state whether or not you thin! your idea will be supported and you hope the
day will be celebrated nationwide.
LANGUAGE 'O(US
GFelative clauses Gdverb clauses of concession
8. ?oin the sentences. <se relative clauses.
3xample' Tet is a festival. Tet occurs in late ?anuary or early February.
el is a festival which occurs in late =anuary or early February
a% )uld Lang 8yne is a song. )uld Lang 8yne is sung on "ew /ear(s 3ve.
b% This watch is a gift. The watch was given to me by my aunt on my 8&th birthday.
c% My friend Tom can compose songs. Tom sings #estern fol! songs very well.
d% #e often go to the town cultural house. The cultural house always opens on public holidays'
e% $ li!e reading boo!s. 0oo!s tell about different peoples and their cultures.
f% On my mum(s birthday my dad gave her roses. The roses were very sweet and beautiful.
g% ?udy li!ed the full7moon festival very much. The festival is celebrated in mid7fall.
h% Tomorrow $(ll go to the airport to meet my friends. My friends come to stay with us during 9hristmas'
,. -escribe each of the people in the pictures. 2se relative clauses.
3xample' * am the boy who is wearing a white :shirt.
My )unt =udy is the woman who is holding =ack.
2. ?oin the sentences. <se the words in brac!ets. The first is done for you.
a% Thu )a is not satisfied with her preparations for Tet. Thu )a has decorated her house and made
plenty of ca!es. $even though%
hu Ha is not satisfied with her preparations for et even though she has decorated her house and made
plenty of cakes.
b% #e don(t have a Mother(s Kay in 5iet "am. Kad and $ have special gifts and parties for my mom
every year on the @th of March. $although)
c% #e went to )a "oi to watch the parade on the "ational Kay last year. #e live in "am Kinh.
$even though%
d% Many tourists enBoy festivals in 5iet "am. Tourists do not understand 5ietnamese culture very
much. Hthough%
e% $n ustralia 9hristmas season is in summer. The ustralians enBoy 9hristmas as much as people
in 3uropean countries do. Heven though)
f% ?im could see the main part of the show. )e came to the show late due to the traffic Bam. $although)
>. Look at the pictures. #omplete the sentences. 2se the correct tense of the verbs and the information.
a% help J Tuan J homewor! b% watch J T5
c% weather bureau J predict J fine weather d% eat J lot J food e% finish J letter
a% lthough Mrs. Thoa was tired, she helped Tuan with his homewor!.
b% 3ven though +i: has an exam tomorrow, ................................
c% $t rained yesterday although ............................
d% 0a ................................ though he wasn(t very hungry.
e% 3ven though the !eyboard wasn(t wor!ing well .....................
UNIT ) NATURAL DISASTERS
1. GETTING STARTED
Match the pictures to the correct words. hen compare your answers with a partner9s.
Snowstorm 3arth;ua!e 5olcano Typhoon
2. LISTEN AND READ
huy is talking to her grandmother+
huy' Drandma, it(s the weather forecast on T5.
.randma' 9an you turn up the volume, Thuy*
Thuy' /es, Drandma.
Weatherman' )ere is tomorrow(s weather forecast. )a "oi and areas to the north will be sunny.
)a "oi will have temperatures between ,2
-
9 and ,>O9. $t will be raining along the
coast of Thanh )oa. The south7central coast can expect thunderstorms.
)ue will experience temperatures between ,1
-
9 and 2-
-
9. There will also be
thunderstorms over the central highlands. reas around the 9uu +ong Kelta can expect
clouds during the day. )o.9hi Minh 9ity(s temperatures wi l l be between ,>
-
9 and 21
-
9.
huy' That(s all, Drandma.
Drandma' Than! you, dear. #hat are you going7r
Thuy' $(m preparing. for a picnic with some old friends of mine. #e haven( t met si nce we left
school. #e(re going to a par! on the other side of the river.
Drandma' Kon(t. forget to bring along a raincoat.
Thuy' 0ut Drandma, the forecast says it(ll be sunny.
Drandma' $ never trust weather forecasts. P ,
Thuy' /ou don(t miss a single one on T5, do you*
Drandma' 0ut $ li!e watching them, dear.
Thuy' lright Drandma, $(ll bring some raincoats Bust in ease. $ hope my friends won(t laugh at me.
a) Practice the dialogue in a group of three.
b) !ill in each blank with one word or phrase from the dialogue.
8. Thuy(s grandmother wants her to . . . the volume on T5 because, she wants to listen to the . . .
,. $t will be . . .along the
7
coast of Thanh )oa.
2. The . . .will experience thunderstorms.
&. )o 9hi Minh 9ity will . . .between ,>O9 and 21
-
9.
1. lthough Thuy(s grandmother doesn(t trust . . ., she li!es . . .
3. SPEAK
a) #heck what preparati ons you thi nk shoul d be made for a typhoon.
,uyi ng some canned food Eainting the house 0uying a dog
0uying candles 0uying matches )iring some video movies Filling all buc!ets with water
0uying a ladder #ashing your blan!ets Fixing the lea! in the roof Tying the roof to the ground
with pegs and ropes $nviting some friends over for a dinner 9hec!ing all the window and door latches
b% "ow wor! with a partner. Tal! about what you thin! you want to buy and do to prepare for a
typhoonP explain why. The ideas in the box may help you.
The mar!et will be closed, and no food will be available.
There may be a power cut.
The water pipes may be damaged by the typhoon.
There must be strong wind blowing.
0ig trees may fall down.
$t will be raining hard.
7$ thin! we should buy some canned food before a typhoon.
7/es, $ thin! so too. $ agree with you. The mar!et will be closed and no food will be available.
7$ thin! we should buy a ladder.
7#hat for J #hy *
7?ust in case we need to fix the roof. 0ecause there must be strong wind blowing.
$. LISTEN
)n e&pert is giving a talk on how to live with earth1uakes. Listen to the talk, then
complete the table.
+iving with earth;ua!es
)eavy fixture, furniture, and appliances'
GElace heavy boo!s on the H 8 %.
G0loc! the rollers on your H , % and H 2 %
'*+"g g*,ss:
G 9hec! the H & %
G Kon(t put your bed near H 1 %
3arth;ua!es drill'
GStay H 6 %
GSit H > % or H @ %
GStand in the H Q %
TAPE TRANSCRIPT
$f you live in an earth;ua!e :one, you should ta!e some time to loo! around our house. Elace
heavy boo!s on the bottom shelf of your boo!shelves. 0loc! the rollers on your fridge and washing
machine to prevent them from moving. Eut hanging potted plants in plastic containers. 9hec! the
mirrors in your bathroom and bedroom. Ma!e sure they can(t move. Kon(t put your bed next to a
window.
Elanning where you are going to be during an earth;ua!e is very important. The first thing 'to
remember is to stay inside. Then you should sit under a strong table or doorway, or stand in. the
corner of a room.
%. READ
Ea%th*ua+es, "inety per cent of earth;ua!es occur around the Eacific Fim, which is !nown as the
NFing of Fire(. $n 8QQ1, a huge earth;ua!e struc! the city of 6obe in ?apan. large number of people
were !illed when homes, office bloc!s and highways collapsed.
T-,* .,/es: Tidal waves are the result of an abrupt shift in the underwater movement of the 3arth. $n
the 8Q6-s, a huge tidal wave hit nchorage, las!a. The tidal wave traveled from las!a to 9alifornia.
T)phoons, #hen tropical storm reaches 8,- !ilometers per hour, it is called a hurricane in "orth and
South merica, a cyclone in ustralia, and a typhoon in sia. The word Ntyphoon( comes from the
9hinese' tai means Nbig( and -en( means Nwind(, so the word Ntyphoon( means Nbig wind(.
V!*0,"!es' #e can usually predict when a volcano will erupt. Mount Einatubo, which is a volcano in the
Ehilippines, erupted in 8QQ8. $t was the world(s largest volcanic eruption in more than 1- years. )undreds
of people died, but thousands were saved because scientists had warned them about the eruption.
To%nadoes, Tornadoes are funnel7shaped storms which pass overland below a thunderstorm. They
can suc! up anything that is in their path. $n $taly in 8Q@8, a tornado lifted a baby, who was asleep' in
its baby carriage, into the air and put it down safely 8-- meters away.
a) rue or !alse" #heck $0) the boxes'
8. Most of the earth;ua!es in the world occur in the Fing of Fire.
,. The earth;ua!e in 6obe in 8QQ1 caused severe damage.
2. huge tidal wave traveled from 9alifornia to las!a and hit nchorage in the 8Q6-s.
&. Typhoon, hurricane and tropical storm are different words for the same natural disaster.
1. The eruption of Mount Einatubo is the world(s largest ever volcanic eruption.
6. tornado loo!s li!e a funnel.
b) #omplete the sentences.
8. The maBority of earth;ua!es ... . ,. Kuring the earth;ua!e in 6obe, many... .
2. tidal wave can only occur when ... . &. $n ustralia, a tropical storm is !nown as....
1. The 9hinese language gave us ... . 6. tornado is a type

of storm that ...
6. &RITE
2se the pictures and the words in the bo& to write a story. 5ou can make changes or add more
details to the story.
G it J beautiful day
G Sun J shine P s!y J blue P weather J pewrfect.
G +an J outside J play J her dog J S!ippy.
G ll of a sudden J dog J behave strangely.
G She J !eep J run around J in circles.
G +an J run J home J with J dog J tell J mother J what J dog J do
G +anAs mother, Mrs Iuyen J tell J +an J She J hear J on T5 J there J typhoon coming
G Mrs Iuyen J gather J family J tel J they J find J shelter J in the home
G Suddenly J s!y J become J dar!
G Storm J come J with strong winds J heavy rain.
G Mrs Iuyen J family J scared.
G 0ut J soon J storm J finish
G 3veryone J glad.
G #hat J clever J dog J S!ippy J she J save J +an J from J catch J in J typhoon
LANGUAGE 'O(US
G Felative pronouns' who , which , that
G Felative clauses H continued %
8. <se your !nowledge to answer the ;uestions. <se L who M, MwhichM or L that R in your answers and
start your answers with the words given.
3xample'
a) he city which was struck by a huge earth1uake in ?@@A is Bobe.
a% #hich city in ?apan was struc! by a huge earth;ua!e in 8QQ1* The city .'.
b% #hich country on the 8QQ@ Tiger 9up* . The country ...
c% #hich animal has one or two horns on its snout* . The animal ...
d% #hich explorer discovered merica* The explorer ...
e% #hich planet is closest to the 3arth* The planet ...
f% #hich animal in 5iet ;am was chosen to be the logo of S3 Dames ,--2* The animal...
g% #hich S3" country is, divided into two regions by the sea* The S3" country...
h% #hich food you can chew but you cannot swallow and which one you can swallow but you cannot
chew* The food ...
./ Match each o- the sentences in colu0n A with a %elated sentence in colu0n #/ Then use a
suita1le %elati$e p%onoun to 2oin the two sentences/
3xample' 8. ndrew is flying to Sacramento.
e. Sacramento is the capital city of 9alifornia.
8. e. ndrew is flying to Sacramento, which is the capital city of 9alifornia.
,. g. $t snowed in +ang Son, which is on the 6y 9ung Fiver, in the winter of ,--,.
2.f. Eompeii, which is an ancient city of $taly, was completely destroyed in .K. >Q by an eruption of
Mount 5esuvius.
&.a. )urricane ndrew, which swept through southern Florida in ugust 8QQ,, !illed &8 people and
made more than ,--,--- homeless.
1.c. The cyclone of "ovember 8Q>- in 0angladesh, which !illed about 1--,--- people, was one of the
worst natural disasters of the ,-th century.
6.d. The most disastrous earth;ua!e in ?apanese history, which occurred in 8Q,2, damaged To!yo and
/o!ohama and !illed about 81-,--- people.
>.b. The October 8Q@Q +oma Erieta earth;ua!e, which measured >.8 on the Fichter scale, caused
extensive damage to older buildings in San Francisco 0ay area.
4. Unde%line the
,
relative clause in the sentence. hen add commas to separate the non:
defining relative clause from the %est of the sentence.
a. 5iet "am, which is in the south7east sia, exports rice.
b. 6angaroos which come from ustralia have long tails.
c. 0a who lives on Trang Tien Street li!es playing the guitar.
d. The novel that you gave me on my birthday has been lost.
e. "eil rmstrong who first wal!ed on the moon lived in the <S.
f. The chair that $ bought yesterday is bro!en.
g. Mrs +ien who sings very well is my 3nglish teacher.
>. 7ewrite the sentences in 6&ercise 4. 7eplace each underlined clause with a clause you have
written. 5ou may use facts or your imagination
3xamples'
Bangaroos, which come from Custralia , have long tails.
Bangaroos, which can he seen everywhere in )ustralia, have long tails.
Bangaroos, which are called D#hout tui D in vietnamese, have long tails.
UNIT 11 LI'E ON OTHER PLANETS
12 GETTING STARTED
L!!3 ,t t4e #0tu5es !6 U'Os. As3 ,"- ,"s.e5 .t4 , #,5t"e5
a. )ave you ever heard about <FOs* Ko you thin! they really exist
b. )ave you ever seen any films on <FOs* #hat were they about*
c. #hat do you want to !now about <FOs*
d. $f you saw a <FO, what would you do*
27 LISTEN AND READ
2!<s are strange flying obCects that some people report they have seen in the sky and
believe to be spacecraft from another planet. Many scientists do not believe so. hey say that if
people see a 2!<, it might be an aircraft, a weather balloon or a meteor. However, there is still
evidence for people to believe in the e&istence of 2!<s.
$n 8Q&>, 6enneth rnold, an experienced pilot in the <S, reported that he saw nine large round
obBects traveling at about ,,@-- meters an hour to the left and north of Mount Fainier.
$n 8Q1,, there were more than 8,1-- <FO sightings around the world.
$n 8Q1&, a woman and her children believed they saw a <FO above their house. The woman said
she saw two aliens in the spacecraft.
$n 8Q6&, a farmer claimed he saw an egg7shaped obBect in one of his fields and also aliens
collecting soil samples.
$n 8Q>8, two men claimed they were captured by aliens and ta!en aboard a spacecraft. fter
being examined by the aliens, the men were freed.
$n 8Q>@, a young pilot and his plane disappeared after sighting a <FO.
$n 8Q@8, Fenato "icolai, who was living in the south east of France, reported that he saw a plate7
li!e device at a treetop 2- meters away. from his garden.
a) !ind the words in the te&t having the following meani ng.
8 . proof, support &. bringing together or gathering
,. falling star, or shooting star 1. caught as a prisoner
2. un!nown J strange people or things 6. became impossible to see
b) #ompl et e t he not es
<FO Sightings
a% . . . or . . . can be mista!en for an alien spacecraft. . b% $n 8Q&>, a pilot saw . . .
c% There were over . . . worldwide in 8Q1,.
d% $n 8Q1&, a woman and her children saw . . . house. e% farmer saw . . . in 8Q6&.
f% $n 8Q>8, two men . . . g% pilot in 8Q>@.
h% $n 8Q@8P a Frenchman reported . . . from his garden.
3. SPEAK
a) here are drawings of things a space7tourist to Mars saw and noted down. ry to guess and
match the drawings with the words in the bo&. hen practice the dialogue with a partner.
Minerals plants little creatures mountains microorganism gemstones water gas
"am' #hat do these drawings say, )ung*
)ung' There might be water in Mars.
"am' nd what about those blac! spar!ling spots on the right comer*
)ung' #ell, they might be traces of gemstones. There may be a lot of precious stones on Mars.
b) Make up similar dialogues about the drawings, using the cues in section a).
c) ;ow talk with a partner. ell each other what you think there might be on Mars, on the moon
and on other planets.
$. LISTEN
Listen to the description of the moon. hen check $0) the correct statements about the moon.
a% There is no air on the moon. b% There are rivers and la!es on the moon.
c% There are no sounds on the moon. d% $t is very cold at night on the moon.
e% Kuring the day the temperature is even lower. f% There are great round holes on the moon.
g% There are no mountains on the moon. h% /ou will weigh @ !ilos heavier on the moon.
i% /ou will be able to Bump very high on the moon. B% One day on the moon lasts for two wee!s.
TAPE TRANSCRIPT
Dood evening. #elcome to our Science for Fun Erogram. This wee! we(ve received a lot of
;uestions as!ing about life on the moon. #e(ve tal!ed to some experts and this is what we(ve found
out. There is no water or air on the moon. $t is all silent because there is no air. Of course, there will
be no music, no sounds. There are no rivers and no la!es. t night it is very cold. The temperature
goes down to 818O9 below :ero. 0ut during the day the temperature rises to 8--O9 above :ero.
There are great round holes on the moon. They loo! li!e big la!es. They are called craters.
There are more than 2-,--- craters on the moon. There are also high mountains. The highest
mountains on the moon are about ,6,--- feet or @,--- meters high.
nd here is something very interesting to !now' on the moon you weigh one sixth of what you
weigh on earth. $f you weigh 1- !ilos, on the moon you will weigh only a little more than @ !ilos. /ou
will be able to Bump very high, even higher than an Olympic 9hampion. /ou can ta!e very long steps
as well. nd. . . Maybe you wonAt sleep very well because one day on the moon lasts for two wee!s
So, is there life on the moon* $All leave the ;uestion for you to answer yourself.
%. READ
A SPACE TRIP
Ko you want to plan for some !ind of exciting trip* Ko you have a million dollars* re you very
healthy* re you a good traveler* Ko you want to go to nowhere* Then you can have a trip to space.
$f you decide to ta!e the trip, you will have to get ready a few months before the flight. /ou must
be in excellent physical condition. /ou should run a lot, swim every day, and do aerobics and push7ups.
/ou must get a letter from the doctor that shows you are in perfect health. .
Once you get on the trip, you will be in a different world. /ou will see pictures of the earth. /ou
may also find your country and other interesting places. /ou will be able to see the oceans, the big
rivers, the tall mountains. /ou will be able to see them many times because you will orbit the earth 86
times a day. /ou will also be able to see stars that you couldn(t see from the earth.
#hen you are in orbit, you will be able to get out of your seat and wal! in the cabin. /ou will be
able to wal! on the walls or on the ceiling li!e in a circus. /ou will not weigh anything. /ou will feel
totally free and enBoy the wonderful feeling you have never had before. $f you were on board now, you
would experience those marvelous things.
So do you thin! you will be able to ta!e a space trip* Start to dream now and your dream may
come true some day.
a) Put the phrases in order to show what you need and get in Coining a trip into the space.
&. get ready and be in an excellent physical condition
8. get a letter from a doctor to show you are in perfect health
1. get on the trip
,' see pictures of the earth, its interesting places, and the stars from very far
2. feel free and enBoy wonderful feeling
b) )nswer. hen write the answers in full sentences.
8. #hat will you have to do if you decide to ta!e a space trip*
,. #hat must you do if you want to show you are in perfect health*
2. #hat scenes on the 3arth can you see from the outer space*
&. )ow many times a day can you see those scenes*
1. #hat things can you do while you are in orbit that you cannot do when you are on the
3arth*
6. $f you were able to ta!e a space trip, what would you do to prepare for the trip* #hat would
you li!e to bring along*
6. &RITE
a) 7ead the outli ne of an e&posi ti on i n col umn ), hen put the paragraphs in column , i n
order to match the secti ons in col umn )
) ,
$ntroduction Hpresents the writer(s
viewpoint' $ thin!.'., $ believe. . %
Hii% $ don(t believe there exist <FOs even though many
newspapers tal! a lot about them.
0ody H gives reasons J
examples for persuasion'
Firstly, ... P,Secondly, ' . . .%
Hiii% Firstly, flying saucers might be aircrafts, balloons, clouds or
tric!s of light.
Secondly, there are not enough photos showing clearly the
shapes of the <FOs. Moreover, if there are <FOs, .there will
certainly be traces of their landing on the ground.
9onclusion Hsums up the
argument' therefore, ...%
Hi% Therefore, <FOs are Bust the imagination of some writers and
they do exist only in films for entertainment.
b) 7ead the dial ogue between )n and ,a about the e&i stence of 2!<s.
n' Ko you thin! <FOs exist*
0a' /es. rticles and reports in newspapers tal! lots about <FO appearance.
n' #hat ma!es you believe there are <FOs*
0a' #ell, many people around the world say they have seen flying saucers, so they must exist.
n' Flying saucer. $t might be their imagination.
0a' $ don(t thin! so. There are plenty of photos of them. nd, some of the photographers said they saw
man7li!e creatures get out of the saucers.
n' $f there were flying saucers, there would be traces of their landing.
0a' /ou(re right. Eeople are tal!ing about the mysterious circles on the fields in Dreat 0ritain. <FOs are
no longer human beings( imagination. They(re real. #e should be ready to welcome their visit.
;ow use ,a9s opinion in the dialogue to write an e&position about the e&istence of 2!<s.
,egin with+ * believe 2!<s e&ist because articles and reports i n newspaper s. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
+"D<D3 FO9<S
GModals' may, might G9onditional sentences' type 8 and type ,
l. Work with a partner. 2se may or might and talk about )ndy(s presents.
*t may be a book or i t mlght be a game
a. boo! J game b. box of crayons J box of paint c football J bas!etball
d. boat J train e. flying saucer J meteor f% evening star J spacecraft
3. #omplete the sentences. 2se the verbs in the bo&.
a% $f it rains this evening, $ wonAt go out. b% +an will miss the bus if she doesnAt hurry.
c% $f )a isnAt careful, he will drop the cup. d% Mrs. "ga will Boin us if she finishes her wor! early.
e% $f Mrs. 0inh writes a shopping list, she wonAt forget what to buy.
2. +oo! at the pictures. 9omplete the sentences.
3x' 0a J be rich JJ travel around the world a% $f 0a were rich, he would travel around the world.
b% Mr. +oc J have J car JJ drive to wor! c% +an J live J )o 9hi Minh 9ity JJ visit J Saigon #ater Ear!
d% "am J arrive J school J on time JJ have J alarm cloc! e% )oa J live J )ue JJ see J parents every day
f% "ga J own J piano JJ play J well g% Tuan J get J better J grades . JJ study J harder.
&. #hat would you do if you met an alien from outer space* #rite 2 things you would li!e to do.
3x' 8% if $ met an alien from outer space, $ would invite him J her to my home and tal!.
2) . . .3) . . .