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AP Chemistry: Kinetics
Multiple Choice
25. Questions 25-26
HAs!" # $
%
# 2 H!
#
HAs! # $
%
# H2!
&he o'i(ation o) io(i(e ions *y arsenic aci( in aci(ic a+ueous solution occurs accor(in, to the stoichiometry
sho-n a*o.e. &he e'perimental rate la- o) the reaction is: /ate 0 1 2HAs!"3 2$
%
3 2H!
#
3
25. 4hat is the or(er o) the reaction -ith respect to $
%
5
6A7 8 697 2 6C7 6:7 5 6;7 6
26. Accor(in, to the rate la- )or the reaction< an increase in the concentration o) hy(ronium ion has -hat
e))ect on this reaction5
6A7 &he rate o) reaction increases. 697 &he rate o) reaction (ecreases.
6C7 &he .alue o) the e+uili*rium constant increases. 6:7 &he .alue o) the e+uili*rium constant (ecreases.
6;7 Neither the rate nor the .alue o) the e+uili*rium constant is chan,e(.
2=. 2 A6,7 # 96,7 2 C6,7
4hen the concentration o) su*stance 9 in the reaction a*o.e is (ou*le(< all other )actors *ein, hel( constant<
it is )oun( that the rate o) the reaction remains unchan,e(. &he most pro*a*le e'planation )or this o*ser.ation
is that>
6A7 the or(er o) the reaction -ith respect to su*stance 9 is 8.
697 su*stance 9 is not in.ol.e( in any o) the steps in the mechanism o) the reaction.
6C7 su*stance 9 is not in.ol.e( in the rate-(eterminin, step o) the mechanism< *ut is in.ol.e( in su*se+uent
steps.
6:7 su*stance 9 is pro*a*ly a catalyst< an( as such< its e))ect on the rate o) the reaction (oes not (epen( on its
concentration.
6;7 the reactant -ith the smallest coe))icient in the *alance( e+uation ,enerally has little or no e))ect on the
rate o) the reaction.
?tep 87 N2H2!2 N2H!2
%
# H
#
)ast e+uili*rium
?tep 27 N2H!2
%
N2! # !H
%
6slo-7
?tep 7 H
#
# !H
%
H2!
6)ast7
=2. Nitrami(e< N2H2!2< (ecomposes slo-ly in a+ueous solution. &his (ecomposition is *elie.e( to occur
accor(in, to the reaction mechanism a*o.e. &he rate la- )or the (ecomposition o) nitrami(e that is consistent
-ith this mechanism is ,i.en *y -hich o) the )ollo-in,5
6A7 /ate 0 1 2N2H2!23 697 /ate 0 1 2N2H2!23 2H
#
3 6C7 /ate 0 61 2N2H2!237 @ 2H
#
3
6:7 /ate 0 61 2N2H2!237 @ 2N2H!2
%
3 6;7 /ate 0 1 2N2H2!23 2!H
%
3
5A. rate 0 12B3
Cor the reaction -hose rate la- is ,i.en a*o.e< a plot o) -hich o) the )ollo-in, is a strai,ht line5
6A7 2B3 .ersus time 697 ln 2B3 .ersus time 6C7 8@2B3 .ersus time
6:7 2B3 .ersus 8@time 6;7 ln 2B3 .ersus 8@time
5=. 6CH7CCl6a+7 # !H
%
6CH7C!H6a+7 # Cl
%

Cor the reaction represente( a*o.e< the e'perimental rate la- is ,i.en as )ollo-s:
/ate 0 1 26CH7CCl3
$) some soli( so(ium soli( hy(ro'i(e is a((e( to a solution that is D.D8D-molar in 6CH7CCl an( D.8D-molar in
Na!H< -hich o) the )ollo-in, is true5 6Assume the temperature an( .olume remain constant.7
6A7 9oth the reaction rate an( 1 increase. 697 9oth the reaction rate an( 1 (ecrease.
6C7 9oth the reaction rate an( 1 remain the same. 6:7 &he reaction rate increases *ut 1 remains the same.
6;7 &he reaction rate (ecreases *ut 1 remains the same.
8A. /elati.ely slo- rates o) chemical reaction are associate( -ith -hich o) the )ollo-in,5
6A7 &he presence o) a catalyst 697 Hi,h temperature 6C7 Hi,h concentration o) reactants
6:7 ?tron, *on(s in reactant molecules 6;7 Eo- acti.ation ener,y
?tep 8: Ce
"#
# Mn
2#
Ce
#
# Mn
#
?tep 2: Ce
"#
# Mn
#
Ce
#
# Mn
"#
?tep : Mn
"#
# &l
#
&l
#
# Mn
2#
2. &he propose( steps )or a catalyFe( reaction *et-een Ce
"#
an( &l
#
are represente( a*o.e. &he pro(ucts o)
the o.erall catalyFe( reaction are>
6A7 Ce
"#
an( &l
#
697 Ce
#
an( &l
#
6C7 Ce
#
an( Mn
#
6:7 Ce
#
an( Mn
"#
6;7 &l
#
an( Mn
2#

"G. &he isomeriFation o) cyclopropane to propylene is a )irst-or(er process -ith a hal)-li)e o) 8G minutes at
5DD HC. &he time it ta1es )or the partial pressure o) cyclopropane to (ecrease )rom 8.D atmosphere to D.825
atmospheres at 5DD HC is closest to>
6A7 = minutes 697 5A minutes 6C7 A6 minutes 6:7 852 minutes 6;7 8GD minutes
6. &he ,raph to the ri,ht sho-s the results o) a stu(y o) the reaction o)
B -ith a lar,e e'cess o) I to yiel( J. &he concentrations o) B an( I
-ere measure( o.er a perio( o) time. Accor(in, to the results< -hich o)
the )ollo-in, can *e conclu(e( a*out the rate o) la- )or the reaction
un(er the con(itions stu(ie(5
6A7 $t is Fero or(er in 2B3. 697 $t is )irst or(er in 2B3.
6C7 $t is secon( or(er in 2B3. 6:7 $t is the )irst or(er in 2I3.
6;7 &he o.erall or(er o) the reaction is 2.
;'periment
$nitial 2N!3 $nitial 2!23 $nitial /ate o) Cormation o) N!2
6mol E
%8
7 6mol E
%8
7 6mol E
%8
s
%8
7

8 D.8 D.8 2.5 ' 8D
%"

2 D.2 D.8 5.D ' 8D
%"

D.2 D." =.D ' 8D
%

6. &he initial-rate (ata in the ta*le a*o.e -ere o*taine( )or the reaction represente( *elo-. 4hat is the
e'perimental rate la- )or the reaction5
6A7 rate 0 12N!3 2!23 697 rate 0 12N!3 2!23
2
6C7 rate 0 12N!3
2
2!23
6:7 rate 0 12N!3
2
2!23
2
6;7 rate 0 12N!3 @ 2!23
5A. /ate 0 12M32N3
2
&he rate o) a certain chemical reaction *et-een su*stances M an( N o*eys the rate la- a*o.e. &he reaction is
)irst stu(ie( -ith 2M3 an( 2N3 each 8 K 8D
%
molar. $) a ne- e'periment is con(ucte( -ith 2M3 an( 2N3 each 2
K 8D
%
molar< the reaction rate -ill increase *y a )actor o) >
6A7 2 697 " 6C7 6 6:7 = 6;7 86
2A. 2 N!6,7 # !26,7 L 2 N!26,7
A possi*le mechanism )or the o.erall reaction represente( a*o.e is the )ollo-in,:
687 N!6,7 # N!6,7 L N2!26,7 slow
627 N2!26,7 # !26,7 L 2 N!26,7 fast
4hich o) the )ollo-in, rate e'pressions a,rees *est -ith this possi*le mechanism5
6A7 /ate 0 12N!3
2
6:7 /ate 0 12N!3
2
2!23
697 /ate 0 12N!3 6;7 /ate 0 12N2!232!23
2!23
6C7 /ate 0 12N!3
2
2!23
"A. 4hich o) the )ollo-in, is a correct statement a*out reaction or(er5
6A7 /eaction or(er can only *e a -hole num*er
697 /eaction or(er can *e (etermine( only )rom the coe))icients o) the *alance( e+uation )or the reaction
6C7 /eaction or(er can *e (etermine( only *y e'periment
6:7 /eaction or(er increases -ith increasin, temperature
6;7 A secon(-or(er reaction must in.ol.e at least t-o (i))erent compoun(s as reactants
5". 4hich o) the )ollo-in, must *e true )or a reaction )or -hich the acti.ation ener,y is the same )or *oth the
)or-ar( an( the re.erse reactions5
6A7 A catalyst is present.
697 &he reaction or(er can *e o*taine( (irectly )rom the *alance( e+uation.
6C7 &he reaction or(er is Fero.
6:7 MHH )or the reaction is Fero.
6;7 M?H )or the reaction is Fero.
55. &ime 6(ays7 D 8 2 " 5 6 A > 8D > 2D
N /eactant /emainin, 8DD AG 6 5D "D 8 25 2D > 8D > 8

A reaction -as o*ser.e( )or 2D (ays an( the percenta,e o) the reactant remainin, a)ter each (ay -as recor(e(
in the ta*le a*o.e. 4hich o) the )ollo-in, *est (escri*es the or(er an( the hal)-li)e o) the reaction5
/eaction !r(er Hal)-li)e6(ays7
6A7 Cirst
697 Cirst 8D
6C7 ?econ(
6:7 ?econ( 6
6;7 ?econ( 8D