ME2114

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

ME2114 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS II

(Semester II : AY2012/2013)

Time Allowed : 2 Hours


Matriculation Number

___________________________________________________________________________

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1. Write your Matriculation Number in the box above.

2. This examination paper contains FOUR (4) questions and comprises TWENTY-
THREE (23) printed pages.

3. Answer ALL FOUR (4) questions.

4. Write your answers in the space provided in this question booklet.

5. This is a CLOSED-BOOK EXAMINATION.

Question
Number
Marks
Obtained
Maximum
Marks
1

25
2

25
3

25
4

25
Total

100

PAGE 2 ME2114



PAGE 3 ME2114


LIST OF EQUATIONS

1. Strain energy in slender rods due to axial loads

dx
x
u
EA
2
1
dx
EA
N
2
1
U
L
0
2 L
0
2
} }
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
= =

2. Strain energy in slender rods due to bending

dx
x
v
EI
2
1
dx
EI
M
2
1
U
L
0
2
2
2 L
0
2
} } |
|
.
|

\
|
c
c
= =

3. Strain energy in slender rods due to torsion

dx
GJ
T
2
1
U
L
0
2
}
=

4. Stiffness matrix of a truss member

| |
L
EA
k sin s , cos c
v
u
v
u
s cs s cs
cs c cs c
s cs s cs
cs c cs c
k
v u v u
2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
= u = u =
(
(
(
(
(

=
|
|
o
o
| | o o
and where

local
k

5. Stiffness matrix of a plane stress triangle element

| | | | | || | B E B k
~ ~
A 4
t T
local
=
where
| |
(
(
(

=
o| |o o o | |
|o o |
o| o |
y x y x y x
x 0 x 0 x 0
0 y 0 y 0 y
~
B
and
| |
(
(
(
(
(
(

u +
u u
u
u
u
u
=
) 1 ( 2
E
0 0
0
1
E
1
E
0
1
E
1
E
2 2
2 2
E
PAGE 4 ME2114


QUESTION 1

Figure 1 shows a solid beam ABC supported by two truss elements BD and BE. A force P is
applied at C. Using Castiglianos theorem, determine the reaction force from the simple
support at E and the vertical displacement of C. Take into consideration strain energy due to
axial forces only for truss elements BD and BE and strain energy due to bending moments
only for beam ABC. The Youngs modulus, cross sectional area and second moment of area
for the truss elements and beam are E, A and I, respectively.
(25 marks)























Figure 1











2L
L
L 2L
A
E
P
D
B
C
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PAGE 9 ME2114


QUESTION 2

The stiffness matrix of the plane stress triangle element in Figure 2a with a Youngs modulus
of E and thickness t is

u
o
v
o
u
|
v
|
u

[k
local
] =
2
L
Et

0.375 0 0.375 -0.1875 0 0.1875 u
o

0 1.125 -0.1875 -1.125 0.1875 0 v
o

0.375 -0.1875 0.6563 0.375 -0.2813 -0.1875 u
|

-0.1875 -1.125 0.375 1.2188 -0.1875 -0.0938 v
|

0 0.1875 -0.2813 -0.1875 0.2813 0 u

0.1875 0 -0.1875 -0.0938 0 0.0938 v

Show that the stiffness matrix of the element in Figure 2b is the same as that for the element
in Figure 2a. Hence, solve for the displacement of node C in Figure 2c which shows the finite
element mesh of a plate clamped along the top and left edges carrying a load P.

(Hint : Compare the matrix ]
~
[B as defined in the given list of equations for both the elements
in Figures 2a and 2b)
(25 marks)



Figure 2a

Figure 2b




Figure 2c
L
2L
a
b
c
d
P
45
o
L

|
o
2L
L
2L
o
|
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PAGE 14 ME2114


QUESTION 3

A solid shaft which has a radius of 30 mm is made of an elastic perfectly plastic material. It is
loaded by a slowly increasing torque T
p
until a plastic zone has occurred partially in the shaft.
Derive an expression for the torque T
p
and hence the torque T
u
required to cause full
plasticity.
(10 marks)

Assuming the yield stress in shear

=150 MPadetermine:

(a) the fully plastic torqueT
u
,

(b) the residual shearing stress at the outer surface after the torque is removed and plot
the residual stress distribution indicating the residual stress values at the outer surface
and center of the shaft cross-section.
(15 marks)





















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PAGE 19 ME2114


QUESTION 4

A rigid horizontal bar pivoted at the left-hand end, supported by two columns P and Q, is
loaded at point A by a load of W (see Figure 3). The columns have a hollow circular cross-
section with inner and outer diameters of 80 mm and 100 mm respectively. Column Q is
pinned at both ends and column P is pinned at one end and fixed at the other. The columns
are fabricated from a material with a Youngs modulus of 180 GPa. Using a safety factor of
1.5 determine which column will buckle first and hence the maximum allowable value of W.
(25 marks)

The Eulers buckling load P
cr
is given by (usual notations apply):

(for a pinned-pinned column)



(for a pinned-fixed column)


























2
2
L
EI t
=



2.5 m
W
0.8 m
Figure 3
0.8 m 0.8 m
A
Column Q
Column P
3.5 m
cr
P

2
2
05 . 2
L
EI t
=
cr
P

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- END OF PAPER -
Pg. 1
NATIONALUNIVERSITYOFSINGAPORE
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering
ModuleCode: ME2114 ModuleTitle: MechanicsofMaterialsII
Solutionto QuestionNo. _
c
Shem- s.lreSSdistribution
Forelastic-plasticshaft, the torque in the shaftis givenby:
T =S: r (2nr )dr . r +LR ry 2nr
2
dr
(Elastic) (Plastic)
c R
2
r [r r] r 2
T =Jo 2nr dr + Jc ry 2nr dr
2Jr IC 3 fR 2
T= -ry r dr+ 2Jrry r dr
c 0 C
1[ 4 21[ (3 3)
=-ryc
2c
+-ryR
3
-c
=
R
3
c3 J
2Jrry
(
3- 12
-----------------------
Pg.2
a) For fully plastic shaft, C = 0 and the torque in the shaft is given by:
R3 _ ~ J = 2nTyR3 = 2n x 150 x 30
3
= 8.48x 106 Nmm
Tu = 2nT y
(
3 12 3 3
b) For elastic unloading we have:
TyR
3
[
2n JR 4 _4x150=200MPa
R 3 = -T - 3
~ = 3 y
TR - J 1[ R4
2
I.e. Residual stress at r =30 mm is (150-200) =-50 MPa
Residual stress distribution:
150 MPa
-50 MPa
Set By : _CJ Tay _________
Date:
Pg. t
NATIONALUNIVERSITYOFSINGAPORE
DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering
ModuleCode: t'\b-21' t Title:. __M_O'-M...:.....JL..,(==--________
SolutiontoQuestionNo. f
0-8 Co./! -p /I
.f> (
c 0
tPrtw
:if'l/13
P6( +;)ff= 3 W
(,)
FI-f,.,en+ .-t
Yee
-
f:; (A)E)e (2.-)
'.e. t

f-7I I <f I
r L
If=d- nrD );hYV) L6i.... =:: "3fDo -rn t'Y)
i d1n,.""","t.'en;
5 ., J) ..1-
. o,g (..... e.g o"R' n
--frY ,-.cv e--

-e.g(:;::; IY
(3)
e
f
::: fY
SetBy: ____________________________
Date: ______________
---
----------------------------
Pg, '1--
NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Module Code: Module Title:
Solution to Question No. ___
/J.5)hO Ear. <.. 2 ) j(Cs)
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,
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:sI/J
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..... j'JOb
,
w::::
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'"
(.2- '7;2... lv'
0.64-
(f. fp -
(J)

:::: 0 . 21-3'6 >'- vJ ::: O 4-34- vJ

D-103
vtCKk::
S
Lo ct.J :
p rl/Hre.,{ - U /"1 n,y/
L --lz:;-r
ItGJ- _ '\ ,I.- rl- _
o.o!?/65. 112- b
I
=21/0 1..\bv
Pa.::
(6)
f.{';l. L7--
OJ/.,p;:;: 1f2-6::- Xz,.oJ= O.:S2.t.,""E:r
l r)l.L d- -1 -= I' K,..J
SetBy: __________________________
Date: ___________________
---
---------------------
---------------

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Module Code: Module Title:
Solution to Question No. ____


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SetBy: __________________________
Date: