Country

Terrirtory
( natural
resources)
Population
(people)
culture
(high
and low)
State
(governme
nt)
International Studies
- Between nations and countries
- There are around 200 countries in the world today






Top Ten languages
1. Chinese mandarin
2. Spanish
3. English
4. Hindi-urda
5. Arabic
6. Bengali
7. Portuguese
8. Russian
9. Japanese
10. French

National Government
- Make the rules (legislation), and enforce them (executive powers- cops/ military)
- Defend society from domestic criminal and foreign invaders
- Control membership ( immigration) and access (border)
- Decide whats legal and not
- Set the ground rules for everything
- Massive $$$ resources ( via taxation)
- Represent hat society to the rest of the world
- Decide war and peace; economic social policies; build infrastructure; respond to public emergencies: huge impact
on our lives

Non-state
MNCs (Multi-national corporations)
NGOS (non government organization)
Social movements (Occupy)
Interest groups
Churches/ religious organization
Armed force
- terrorist groups
Top ten Territory
1. Russia
2. Canada
3. USA
4. China
5. Brazil
6. Australia
7. India
8. Argentina
9. Kazakhstan
10. Sudan

Top Ten Populations
1. China
2. India
3. USA
4. Indonesia
5. Brazil
6. Pakistan
7. Bangladesh
8. Nigeria
9. Russia
10. Japan

Top Ten Religion
1. Christianity
2. Islam
3. Secular(non-religious)
4. Hinduism
5. Chinese folk religion
6. Buddhism
7. Indigenous Folk religion
8. Judaism
9. Sikhism
10. Bahai
-insurgent forces (ex syria)
- private militias
-PMCs (private military companies)/ mercenaries (Black water Xe Akademia )

How did the world come to be dominated to be countries?


European Imperialism and Colonialism 1492-1945
- ends because of European ruin after WWII
- Decolonization, 1945- @1990


Colonies
(Dependencies, Hinterland,
Periphery of Empire)
Relationship Relationship
Entails (concretely): Represents (abstractly):
-Military service -conquest
-political leadership - domination
-investment - protection
- some citizenship rights exploitation
METROPOLE
(Mother City, Mother Country
Core, or Hub of Empire)
Relationship Relationship
Represents (abstractly): Represents (abstractly):
-Defeat - Political allegiance
-subjection - Taxes
- Extraction - Brain Drain of best and brightest
- Obedience - Natural Resurces




Global North vs. Global South
25% of the world population 75% of world population

Way more: Way Less :











Questions
Wealth
Health
Power
Eduation
Technology
Urbanized
Immigration
Social peace
Stable governance
Life expectancy
Even: reported personal
happiness
1) Why has he world come to be split like this? European Imperialism, yes, but others too
2) Does the North owe the South anything to make up for this? (Aid and development)



Western civilization/ culture (a way of life) vs. The Rest

A) West Vs. Rest, in terms of Civilization a way of life (loosely equals culture)
1) Western Europe + Colonies
2) Shared values + Way of life
A. Individualism
B. Limited, Democratic Government
C. Free-Market Capitalism
D. A history of Christianity (though now a separation between church and state)
E. Commitment to science and technology
F. Urbanization
G. Robust Civil Society Activity

N.B. These are idealized characteristics and western societies doesnt fulfill them perfectly. Nor are these ideals immune
from criticism as ideals : E.g individualism, capitalism and for religious separation between church and state

B) Huntingdon on The Clash of Civilizations
- The farther apart on values, and the closer together geographically, the more likely war breaks out
- The West vs. Middle Easter/ Arab/ Islamic Civilizations

Cold War (1945-1990/91): USA/Western vs. USSR/Communist
- There is no direct war between USA and Russia because Russia is scare after the nuclear bomb was created in
1945
- Vietnam became a proxy war
- In the end, the Americans won and the Soviet Union falls apart
- The next big enemy of the Western civilization is MENA (Middle Eastern North America- Arab world)




Free-market capitalism, most generally capitalism is a kind of economic system that:
A) Allows or the private property ownership ( i.e. the non-governmental ownership


Private Property
- Entrepreneurial Rights
- Trading/ Market is a way to distribute Goods
- Money



American Empire?
- Most Americans: no way; US formed in revolt against empire
: any such accusation is bitter jealously re: US global success
- Revisionists : theres another way of looking at U.S history (empire from start)
: Formal vs. Informal Empire
X satisfies this

- Whether U.S is an empire, or merely Global Hegemon (very power country, most common) what are consequences
for world?
A) Good: Wolfowitz etal
B) Bad: Chomsky
C) Could be Good, Currently Bad Ferguson


SAMPLE EXAM QUESTION: Is there an American Empire or is there not? What are the relevant facts.