Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
The bridge deck is designed as composite concrete construction, where pre-cast concrete
units used as permanent form works are combined with added in-situ concrete to resist
flexure.
The pre-cast unit is 75mm thick, and the in-situ concrete is 175mm thick, giving the deck
a combined thickness of 250mm.
2.1.1 LOADING
Precast Slab thickness
75 mm
175 mm
1.80 KN/m2
1. Dead Load, Gk
a.
b.
=
=
4.20 KN/m2
6.00
KN/m2
2. Imposed Loading, Qk
A nominal imposed loading is considered, purely for the movement of men and materials
during the laying of reinforcement and casting of the insitu concrete
Use an Imposed load, Qk
2.00
KN/m2
3. Design Loading, w
Design udl = 1.6Qk +1.4Gk
11.60 KN/m2
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
2.40 Lm
13.92 KN
Design Moment
8.352 KNm
8.352 KNm
Span Length
2,400 mm
Depth of slab/deck
75 mm
75 mm
1000 mm
25.0 mm
reinforcement size, f
20.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
6.0 mm
effective depth, d
1000
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
75 mm
a.
Design Moment
34 mm
bw
1,000 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
M/bdfcu
therefore, k
1997
since k'
fcu
0.181
0.156
40 N/mm
0.775 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As '
410 N/mm
(k-k')fcu bd/(0.87fy.(d-d'))
Apply
=
T 10
(As prov. =
As
(As prov. =
200
mm centres
393 mm)
{k'fcubd/(0.87fy.Z)} + As'
Apply
355 mm
=
T 20
1,571 mm)
1,122 mm
200
mm centres
mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
i.
ii.
2.0
BRIDGE DECK
V/bd
0.8(fcu)
Checks:
5.060
0.409 N/mm
40 N/mm
N/mm
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
4.620
0.79(100As/(bvd))1/3(400/d)0.25/1.25
=
iv.
13.920 KN
=
fcu
iii.
OUTPUT
1.949
11.76
N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
0.409 N/mm
vc
1.949 N/mm
vc + 0.4 =
2.349 N/mm
Asv/Sv = 0.4*bv/(0.87fyv)
Apply a
fyv
410 N/mm
1.121
4 Leg stirrup
T 10
250 mm centres
1.257
2.40 Lm
Cantilever Span
0.70 m
22.04 KN
8.352 KNm
2.842 KNm
8.352 KNm
Span Length
2,400 mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
2.0
BRIDGE DECK
Depth of slab/deck
75 mm
75 mm
1000 mm
mm
25.0 mm
75
a.
OUTPUT
reinforcement size, f
20.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
6.0 mm
effective depth, d
mm
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
1000
34 mm
bw
1,000 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
M/bdfcu
therefore, k
1997
since k'
fcu
0.181
0.156
40 N/mm
0.775 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As '
410 N/mm
(k-k')fcu bd/(0.87fy.(d-d'))
Apply
T 10
(As prov. =
As
355 mm
200
mm centres TOP
393 mm)
{k'fcubd/(0.87fy.Z)} + As'
Apply
T 20
(As prov. =
1,122 mm
200
mm centres BOTTOM
1,571 mm)
ii.
=
=
V/bd
=
fcu
Checks:
0.8(fcu)
5.060
=
N/mm
22.040 KN
0.648 N/mm
40 N/mm
design okay with respect to shear
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
iii.
2.0
BRIDGE DECK
(should be 3.00)
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
iv.
OUTPUT
4.620
0.79(100As/(bvd))1/3(400/d)0.25/1.25
1.949
11.76
N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
0.648 N/mm
vc
1.949 N/mm
vc + 0.4 =
2.349 N/mm
Asv/Sv = 0.4*bv/(0.87fyv)
Apply a
fyv
410 N/mm
1.121
4 Leg stirrup
T 10
250 mm centres
1.257
2.842 KNm
Span Length
700 mm
Depth of slab/deck
75 mm
75 mm
1000 mm
mm
25.0 mm
75
a.
Design Moment
reinforcement size, f
20.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
6.0 mm
effective depth, d
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
1000
34 mm
bw
mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
b.
2.0
BRIDGE DECK
1,000 mm
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
M/bdfcu
therefore, k
1997
OUTPUT
since k'
fcu
0.061
0.156
40 N/mm
ii.
use z
c.
0.926 d
0.926 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As
410 N/mm
M/(0.87fy.Z)
253 mm
Apply
T 12
(As prov. =
250
mm centres TOP
452 mm)
DECK GEOMETRY
MEMBER SIZING
width of deck
Effective Width , Le
10,000mm
2 * 1,500
11.00m
b.
250 mm
c.
175 mm
d.
75 mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
2.2.3
SPACING OF GIRDERS
Section 17.20,
"Girder spacing ranges from 7 to 9 feet. A deck slab overhang of about 2ft
F.S.Merritt (ed)
6ins is economical".
Civ. Engrs.
and the edge - edge of girder as 2.20m, while the deck overhang is 700mm.
700
2 400
2.2.4
2 400
2 400
2 400
700
LOAD ANALYSIS
2.2.4.1
i.
ii.
24kN/m3 * 0.175m
TOTAL Gk
2
4.20 kN/m
2
1.15 kN/m
2
5.35 kN/m
2
6.153 kN/m
Clause 5.4
BS 5400:Part II:
1978
2.2.4.2
i.
ii.
6.76 KN
0.15m*1.50m*24KN/m*1.15
6.21 KN
TOTAL Pc
12.97 KN
2
6.15 KN/m
12.97 KN
700
2 400
2 400
2 400
2 400
12.97 KN
700
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
2.2.4.3
Table 33;
i.
10.59 KNm
30.00 KN/m
BS 5400:Part II:
width of carriageway
8.00 m
1978
(12.97KN * 0.70m)
ed man : R.C
Designer's H/bk
2.2.4.4
Clause 3.2.9.3
i.
HA Live Loads
8.00m/3
2.667 m
2
16.88 KN/m
Table 1
BS 5400:Part II:
1978
ii.
30/2.67
2
11.3 KN/m *
KEL
120/2.67
=
=
1.5
1.5
67.5 KN/m
700
2400
84.7 KN
2400
107.76KN
72.9
72.9
67.5 KN/m
67.5 KN/m
2400
2400
107.76KN
72.9
16.9 KN/m2
700
84.7 KN
2.2.5
The bridge deck and girders are required to support both static and moving loads.
Each element of the bridge must therefore, be designed for the most severe conditions
that can possibly be developed by a member.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
Live loads must be place where they will produce the most severe condition of loading.
The critical positions for placing live loads will not be the same for every member.
Influence lines are therefore used in determining the most severe condition for
loading. Influence lines are primarily used to determine where to place live loads to
cause the maximum effects.
An influence line for a particular response such as reactions, shear force, bending
moment axial force is defined as a diagram in which the ordinate at any point equals
the value of that response attributable to a unit load acting at that point on the
structure.
Influence lines provide a systematic procedure for determining how the force ( or
moment or shear force) in a given part of a structure varies as the applied load moves
about the structure.
2.2.5.1
This is used for plotting the influence lines for uniformly distributed loads such as
those due to dead loads, and for the udl portion of HA - live loads.
Influence lines for the bending moments at Support B (penultimate support) will be
first to be plotted.
Stiffness Coefficients.
Assume a parabolic profile for the deck.
hc
Chapter 5.7,
rBhc
rChc
rA
rE
rB
rD
1.3
rC
1.5
Design of r.c.bdg;
Aswani, et al.
Fig. 5.25
with the above r values, the stiffness coefficients obtained from standard
rChc
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
2.0
kBA
kBC
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
Design of r.c.bdg;
Aswani, et al.
ii.
10.50
KDE
16.00
KDC
Fig. 5.24
Using the same r values, the carry-over factors are obtained by interpolation as
Design of r.c.bdg;
shown below:
Aswani, et al.
CAB
-0.905
CBC
-0.760
CCD
-0.071
CBA
-0.415
CCB
-0.710
CDC
-0.076
CDE
-0.415
CED
-0.905
However, since the end spans are discontinuous, the stiffness values are
modified inorder to make the applicable to the members.
The stiffness coefficient at the discontinuous end of the beam AB,which is
discontinuous at end A is
k
(1 - CABCBA)KBA
CAB &CBA arecarryover factors of ends A & B of member AB, while KBA is the
k'BA
iii.
6.56 =
k'DE
Distribution factors
We now compute the distribution factors using the stiffness coefficient:
DBA
kBA
0.291
DDE
DDE
SkB
DBC
DCB
1 - DBA
KcB
0.709
DDC
0.5
Skc
DCD
1 - DCB
0.500
DDC
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
i.
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
=
Distribution factors
Notations
M1
MBA - CABMBA
M2
MBC - CCBMCB
M3
MCD - CDCMDC
M4
MDE - CEDMED
CBCDBCDCD
-0.269
CBCCCBDBCDCB
0.191
CCBDCBDBA
-0.103
ii.
Fig. 5.35
Load in span AB
Design of r.c.bdg;
MAB
-0.060L
Aswani, et al.
MBA
-0.138L
b.
c.
d.
iii.
Load in span BC
MBC
-0.101L
MCB
-0.111L
Load in span CD
MCD
-0.111L
MDC
-0.101L
Load in span DE
MCD
-0.138L
MDC
-0.060L
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
a.
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
(1 - DBA) - (2 - DBA)U
M1
1 - 2U
=
(1 - 0.291) - (2 -0.291)0.191
M1
0.619M1
[1 - (2 * 0.191) ]
But
M1
MB
-0.119L
b.
MBA - CABMAB
0.381MBC + 0.167MCB
MB
c.
-0.057L
- UDDEMDC + WMCD
1 - 2U
=
[1 - (2 * 0.191) ]
-0.090MDC - 0.167MCD
MB
d.
-0.028L
UDDE
1-U
0.090M4
M4
0.191 * 0.291
[1 - (2 * 0.191) ]
M4
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
M4
MB
-0.017L
d.
MDE - CEDMDC
BRIDGE DECK
But
OUTPUT
But L
2.40m
MB
-0.114 * 2.40
-0.114L
-0.657KNm
Section
Calculations
0.0
BM ordinates (KNm)
0.000
0.1
0.194
0.2
0.329
0.3
0.408
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
0.4
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.428
0.392
0.6
0.297
0.7
0.145
0.8
-0.065
0.9
-0.332
1.0
MB = -0.657
-0.657
1.1
-0.398
1.2
-0.196
1.3
-0.052
1.4
0.034
1.5
0.063
1.6
0.034
1.7
-0.052
1.8
-0.196
1.9
-0.398
0.5
2.0
0.000
BM Influence Line Diagram For udl
0.600
0.400
0.200
0.000
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
-0.200
-0.400
-0.600
-0.800
16.875 KN/m2
Using this influence ordinate table above, we now compute the various moments
19
20
21
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
as below;
a.
b.
BRIDGE DECK
Support moments
influence line ordinate
-0.657 KNm
16.875 KN/m2
-11.09 KNm
Span moments
maximum span moment occurs at 0.4L (1st span) and at 3.6L (4th span)
0.428 KNm
16.875 KN/m2
7.22 KNm
6.15 KN/m
Using this influence ordinate table above, we now compute the various moments
as below;
a.
Support moments
influence line ordinate
-0.657 KNm
6.1525 KN/m2
=
=
b.
-4.04 KNm
Span moments
maximum span moment occurs at 0.4L (1st span) and at 2.6L (3rd span)
0.428 KNm
6.1525 KN/m2
=
=
2.4
2.63 KNm
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
The point loads are due primarily to either HA live loads or the HB live loads.
The beam girder is designed to be continuous over three spans, and has a constant
moment of inertia over all the spans. We can therfore, plot the influence lines using
standard influence line tables for a three span continuous beam.
The following assumptions are made in the analysis of the continuous bridge girders
before using the standard influence tables:
*
The girder is simply supported at the supports and monolithic with the
supports.
Find below the influence line tables and charts at sections 0.1L to 1.5L
We prepared the influence charts only upto 1.5L as the loading is symmetrical over
the three spans.
0.0
-0.0258
-0.0502
-0.0718
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0
0.0
-0.0619
-0.1205
-0.1723
-0.2098
-0.2400
-0.2386
-0.2227
-0.1781
-0.0979
0.0
0.1
0.1
0.0
1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
1.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
-0.0341
-0.0612
-0.0738
-0.0764
-0.0740
-0.0614
-0.0474
-0.0306
-0.0150
0.0
0.0063
0.0126
0.0189
0.0206
0.0200
0.0170
0.0135
0.0090
0.0045
0.0
-0.0014
-0.0028
-0.0042
-0.0056
-0.0070
-0.0056
-0.0042
-0.0028
-0.0014
0.0
-0.0818
-0.1469
-0.1771
-0.1834
-0.1776
-0.1474
-0.1138
-0.0734
-0.0360
0.0
0.0151
0.0302
0.0454
0.0494
0.0480
0.0408
0.0324
0.0216
0.0108
0.0
-0.0034
-0.0067
-0.0101
-0.0134
-0.0168
-0.0134
-0.0101
-0.0067
-0.0034
0.0
-0.3
-0.3
Influence
Influence line
line
ordinates
coefficient
0.0
0.0072
0.0138
0.0192
0.0234
0.0270
0.0270
0.0252
0.0198
0.0108
0.0
0.0
0.0173
0.0331
0.0461
0.0562
0.0648
0.0648
0.0605
0.0475
0.0259
0.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
-0.2
0.1
0.0
1
-0.1
-0.1
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
-0.1
2.0
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
-0.0167
-0.0340
-0.0520
-0.0668
-0.0800
-0.0830
-0.0802
-0.0658
-0.0366
0.0
-0.0255
-0.0510
-0.0765
-0.0830
-0.0800
-0.0668
-0.0522
-0.0348
-0.0174
0.0
0.0052
0.0104
0.0156
0.0208
0.0260
0.0208
0.0156
0.0104
0.0052
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
1.0L
0.0
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.0
-0.0401
-0.0816
-0.1248
-0.1603
-0.1920
-0.1992
-0.1925
-0.1579
-0.0878
0.0
-0.0612
-0.1224
-0.1836
-0.1992
-0.1920
-0.1603
-0.1253
-0.0835
-0.0418
0.0
0.0125
0.0250
0.0374
0.0499
0.0624
0.0499
0.0374
0.0250
0.0125
0.0
-0.2
BRIDGE DECK
-0.2
-0.3
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0026
-0.0050
-0.0072
-0.0087
-0.0100
-0.0099
-0.0093
-0.0074
-0.0041
0.0
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0874
0.0750
0.0628
0.0513
0.0400
0.0301
0.0207
0.0126
0.0059
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.2098
0.1800
0.1508
0.1230
0.0960
0.0721
0.0497
0.0302
0.0142
0.0
0.2
0.2
0.1
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
1.0L
0.0
0.08
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.0
-0.0034
-0.0061
-0.0074
-0.0076
-0.0074
-0.0061
-0.0047
-0.0031
-0.0015
0.0
0.0006
0.0013
0.0019
0.0021
0.0020
0.0017
0.0014
0.0009
0.0005
0.0
-0.0001
-0.0003
-0.0004
-0.0006
-0.0007
-0.0006
-0.0004
-0.0003
-0.0001
0.0
-0.0034
-0.0061
-0.0074
-0.0076
-0.0074
-0.0061
-0.0047
-0.0031
-0.0015
0.0
0.0006
0.0013
0.0019
0.0021
0.0020
0.0017
0.0014
0.0009
0.0005
0.0
-0.0001
-0.0003
-0.0004
-0.0006
-0.0007
-0.0006
-0.0004
-0.0003
-0.0001
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0052
-0.0100
-0.0144
-0.0175
-0.0200
-0.0199
-0.0186
-0.0148
-0.0082
0.0
0.0
0.0748
0.1500
0.1256
0.1025
0.0800
0.0601
0.0414
0.0252
0.0118
0.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
-0.0082
-0.0147
-0.0177
-0.0183
-0.0178
-0.0147
-0.0114
-0.0073
-0.0036
0.0
0.0015
0.0030
0.0045
0.0049
0.0048
0.0041
0.0032
0.0022
0.0011
0.0
-0.0003
-0.0007
-0.0010
-0.0013
-0.0017
-0.0013
-0.0010
-0.0007
-0.0003
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.1796
0.3599
0.3015
0.2460
0.1920
0.1443
0.0995
0.0604
0.0284
0.0
0.1
0.0
1
9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41
-0.1
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.0
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.18
0.15
0.12
0.09
0.06
0.03
-0.0068
-0.0122
-0.0148
-0.0153
-0.0148
-0.0123
-0.0095
-0.0061
-0.0030
0.0
0.0013
0.0025
0.0038
0.0041
0.0040
0.0034
0.0027
0.0018
0.0009
0.0
-0.0003
-0.0006
-0.0008
-0.0011
-0.0014
-0.0011
-0.0008
-0.0006
-0.0003
0.0
-0.0068
-0.0122
-0.0148
-0.0153
-0.0148
-0.0123
-0.0095
-0.0061
-0.0030
0.0
0.0013
0.0025
0.0038
0.0041
0.0040
0.0034
0.0027
0.0018
0.0009
0.0
-0.0003
-0.0006
-0.0008
-0.0011
-0.0014
-0.0011
-0.0008
-0.0006
-0.0003
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0077
-0.0151
-0.0215
-0.0262
-0.0300
-0.0298
-0.0278
-0.0223
-0.0122
0.0
0.0623
0.1249
0.1885
0.1538
0.1200
0.0902
0.0622
0.0377
0.0178
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
-0.0164
-0.0294
-0.0354
-0.0367
-0.0355
-0.0295
-0.0228
-0.0147
-0.0072
0.0
0.0030
0.0060
0.0091
0.0099
0.0096
0.0082
0.0065
0.0043
0.0022
0.0
-0.0007
-0.0013
-0.0020
-0.0027
-0.0034
-0.0027
-0.0020
-0.0013
-0.0007
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.1494
0.2999
0.4523
0.3691
0.2880
0.2164
0.1492
0.0906
0.0426
0.1
0.1
0.0
9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41
-0.1
-0.1
0.4
0.3
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.0
0.06
0.12
0.18
0.24
0.20
0.16
0.12
0.08
0.04
2.0
0.0
-0.0102
-0.0184
-0.0221
-0.0229
-0.0222
-0.0184
-0.0142
-0.0092
-0.0045
0.0
0.0019
0.0038
0.0057
0.0062
0.0060
0.0051
0.0041
0.0027
0.0014
0.0
-0.0004
-0.0008
-0.0013
-0.0017
-0.0021
-0.0017
-0.0013
-0.0008
-0.0004
0.0
0.0
-0.0102
-0.0184
-0.0221
-0.0229
-0.0222
-0.0184
-0.0142
-0.0092
-0.0045
0.0
0.0019
0.0038
0.0057
0.0062
0.0060
0.0051
0.0041
0.0027
0.0014
0.0
-0.0004
-0.0008
-0.0013
-0.0017
-0.0021
-0.0017
-0.0013
-0.0008
-0.0004
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0103
-0.0201
-0.0287
-0.0350
-0.0400
-0.0398
-0.0371
-0.0297
-0.0163
0.0
0.0497
0.0999
0.1513
0.2050
0.1600
0.1202
0.0829
0.0503
0.0237
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0246
-0.0441
-0.0531
-0.0550
-0.0533
-0.0442
-0.0341
-0.0220
-0.0108
0.0
0.0045
0.0091
0.0136
0.0148
0.0144
0.0122
0.0097
0.0065
0.0032
0.0
-0.0010
-0.0020
-0.0030
-0.0040
-0.0050
-0.0040
-0.0030
-0.0020
-0.0010
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.1192
0.2398
0.3631
0.4921
0.3840
0.2886
0.1989
0.1208
0.0568
0.2
0.1
0.0
1
9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39
-0.1
0.5
0.4
0.3
0.2
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
2.0
0.0
-0.0136
-0.0245
-0.0295
-0.0306
-0.0296
-0.0246
-0.0190
-0.0122
-0.0060
0.0
0.0025
0.0050
0.0076
0.0082
0.0080
0.0068
0.0054
0.0036
0.0018
0.0
-0.0006
-0.0011
-0.0017
-0.0022
-0.0028
-0.0022
-0.0017
-0.0011
-0.0006
0.0
0.0
-0.0136
-0.0245
-0.0295
-0.0306
-0.0296
-0.0246
-0.0190
-0.0122
-0.0060
0.0
0.0025
0.0050
0.0076
0.0082
0.0080
0.0068
0.0054
0.0036
0.0018
0.0
-0.0006
-0.0011
-0.0017
-0.0022
-0.0028
-0.0022
-0.0017
-0.0011
-0.0006
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0129
-0.0251
-0.0359
-0.0437
-0.0500
-0.0497
-0.0464
-0.0371
-0.0204
0.0
0.0371
0.0749
0.1141
0.1563
0.2000
0.1503
0.1036
0.0629
0.0296
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0327
-0.0588
-0.0708
-0.0733
-0.0710
-0.0589
-0.0455
-0.0294
-0.0144
0.0
0.0060
0.0121
0.0181
0.0198
0.0192
0.0163
0.0130
0.0086
0.0043
0.0
-0.0013
-0.0027
-0.0040
-0.0054
-0.0067
-0.0054
-0.0040
-0.0027
-0.0013
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.0890
0.1798
0.2738
0.3751
0.4800
0.3607
0.2486
0.1510
0.0710
0.1
0.0
1
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
-0.1
-0.2
33
35
37
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.0
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.20
0.24
0.18
0.12
0.06
2.0
0.0
-0.0171
-0.0306
-0.0369
-0.0382
-0.0370
-0.0307
-0.0237
-0.0153
-0.0075
0.0
0.0032
0.0063
0.0095
0.0103
0.0100
0.0085
0.0068
0.0045
0.0023
0.0
-0.0007
-0.0014
-0.0021
-0.0028
-0.0035
-0.0028
-0.0021
-0.0014
-0.0007
0.0
0.0
-0.0171
-0.0306
-0.0369
-0.0382
-0.0370
-0.0307
-0.0237
-0.0153
-0.0075
0.0
0.0032
0.0063
0.0095
0.0103
0.0100
0.0085
0.0068
0.0045
0.0023
0.0
-0.0007
-0.0014
-0.0021
-0.0028
-0.0035
-0.0028
-0.0021
-0.0014
-0.0007
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0155
-0.0301
-0.0431
-0.0524
-0.0600
-0.0596
-0.0557
-0.0445
-0.0245
0.0
0.0245
0.0499
0.0769
0.1076
0.1400
0.1804
0.1243
0.0755
0.0355
OUTPUT
0.2
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0409
-0.0734
-0.0886
-0.0917
-0.0888
-0.0737
-0.0569
-0.0367
-0.0180
0.0
0.0076
0.0151
0.0227
0.0247
0.0240
0.0204
0.0162
0.0108
0.0054
0.0
-0.0017
-0.0034
-0.0050
-0.0067
-0.0084
-0.0067
-0.0050
-0.0034
-0.0017
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.0588
0.1197
0.1846
0.2581
0.3360
0.4329
0.2984
0.1812
0.0852
0.1
0.0
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
-0.1
-0.2
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.0
0.03
0.06
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.21
0.14
0.07
2.0
0.0
-0.0205
-0.0367
-0.0443
-0.0458
-0.0444
-0.0368
-0.0284
-0.0184
-0.0090
0.0
0.0038
0.0076
0.0113
0.0124
0.0120
0.0102
0.0081
0.0054
0.0027
0.0
-0.0008
-0.0017
-0.0025
-0.0034
-0.0042
-0.0034
-0.0025
-0.0017
-0.0008
0.0
0.0
-0.0205
-0.0367
-0.0443
-0.0458
-0.0444
-0.0368
-0.0284
-0.0184
-0.0090
0.0
0.0038
0.0076
0.0113
0.0124
0.0120
0.0102
0.0081
0.0054
0.0027
0.0
-0.0008
-0.0017
-0.0025
-0.0034
-0.0042
-0.0034
-0.0025
-0.0017
-0.0008
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0181
-0.0351
-0.0503
-0.0612
-0.0700
-0.0696
-0.0650
-0.0519
-0.0286
0.0
0.0119
0.0249
0.0397
0.0588
0.0800
0.1104
0.1450
0.0881
0.0414
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0491
-0.0881
-0.1063
-0.1100
-0.1066
-0.0884
-0.0683
-0.0441
-0.0216
0.0
0.0091
0.0181
0.0272
0.0297
0.0288
0.0245
0.0194
0.0130
0.0065
0.0
-0.0020
-0.0040
-0.0060
-0.0081
-0.0101
-0.0081
-0.0060
-0.0040
-0.0020
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.0287
0.0597
0.0954
0.1412
0.1920
0.2650
0.3481
0.2113
0.0995
0.1
0.0
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
-0.1
-0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.08
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0239
-0.0428
-0.0517
-0.0535
-0.0518
-0.0430
-0.0332
-0.0214
-0.0105
0.0
0.0044
0.0088
0.0132
0.0144
0.0140
0.0119
0.0095
0.0063
0.0032
0.0
-0.0010
-0.0020
-0.0029
-0.0039
-0.0049
-0.0039
-0.0029
-0.0020
-0.0010
0.0
0.0
-0.0239
-0.0428
-0.0517
-0.0535
-0.0518
-0.0430
-0.0332
-0.0214
-0.0105
0.0
0.0044
0.0088
0.0132
0.0144
0.0140
0.0119
0.0095
0.0063
0.0032
0.0
-0.0010
-0.0020
-0.0029
-0.0039
-0.0049
-0.0039
-0.0029
-0.0020
-0.0010
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
-0.0206
-0.0402
-0.0574
-0.0699
-0.0800
-0.0795
-0.0742
-0.0594
-0.0326
0.0
-0.0006
-0.0002
0.0026
0.0101
0.0200
0.0405
0.0658
0.1006
0.0474
0.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0573
-0.1028
-0.1240
-0.1284
-0.1243
-0.1032
-0.0796
-0.0514
-0.0252
0.0
0.0106
0.0212
0.0318
0.0346
0.0336
0.0286
0.0227
0.0151
0.0076
0.0
-0.0024
-0.0047
-0.0071
-0.0094
-0.0118
-0.0094
-0.0071
-0.0047
-0.0024
0.0
Influence line
ordinates
-0.0015
-0.0004
0.0061
0.0242
0.0480
0.0972
0.1578
0.2415
0.1137
0.0
0.1
0.0
1
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
-0.1
-0.2
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Load
Position
coeff.
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
0.0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
-0.0273
-0.0490
-0.0590
-0.0611
-0.0592
-0.0491
-0.0379
-0.0245
-0.0120
0.0
0.0050
0.0101
0.0151
0.0165
0.0160
0.0136
0.0108
0.0072
0.0036
0.0
-0.0011
-0.0022
-0.0034
-0.0045
-0.0056
-0.0045
-0.0034
-0.0022
-0.0011
0.0
-0.0273
-0.0490
-0.0590
-0.0611
-0.0592
-0.0491
-0.0379
-0.0245
-0.0120
0.0
0.0050
0.0101
0.0151
0.0165
0.0160
0.0136
0.0108
0.0072
0.0036
0.0
-0.0011
-0.0022
-0.0034
-0.0045
-0.0056
-0.0045
-0.0034
-0.0022
-0.0011
0.0
MB coeff. + MB
0.0
-0.0232
-0.0452
-0.0646
-0.0787
-0.0900
-0.0895
-0.0835
-0.0668
-0.0367
0.0
-0.0132
-0.0252
-0.0346
-0.0387
-0.0400
-0.0295
-0.0135
0.0132
0.0533
OUTPUT
0.0500
BRIDGE DECK
-0.0655
-0.1175
-0.1417
-0.1467
-0.1421
-0.1179
-0.0910
-0.0588
-0.0288
0.0
0.0121
0.0242
0.0363
0.0396
0.0384
0.0326
0.0259
0.0173
0.0086
0.0
-0.0027
-0.0054
-0.0081
-0.0108
-0.0134
-0.0108
-0.0081
-0.0054
-0.0027
0.0
0.0000
-0.0500
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
-0.1000
-0.1500
-0.2000
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0317
-0.0604
-0.0831
-0.0928
-0.0960
-0.0707
-0.0324
0.0317
0.1279
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0307
-0.0551
-0.0664
-0.0688
-0.0666
-0.0553
-0.0427
-0.0275
-0.0135
0.0
0.0057
0.0113
0.0170
0.0185
0.0180
0.0153
0.0122
0.0081
0.0041
0.0
-0.0013
-0.0025
-0.0038
-0.0050
-0.0063
-0.0050
-0.0038
-0.0025
-0.0013
0.0
0.0
-0.0307
-0.0551
-0.0664
-0.0688
-0.0666
-0.0553
-0.0427
-0.0275
-0.0135
0.0
0.0057
0.0113
0.0170
0.0185
0.0180
0.0153
0.0122
0.0081
0.0041
0.0
-0.0013
-0.0025
-0.0038
-0.0050
-0.0063
-0.0050
-0.0038
-0.0025
-0.0013
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0232
-0.0452
-0.0646
-0.0787
-0.0900
-0.0895
-0.0835
-0.0668
-0.0367
0.0
0.0007
0.0014
0.0019
0.0023
0.0027
0.0027
0.0025
0.0020
0.0011
OUTPUT
10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0737 -0.1
-0.1322
-0.1594 -0.1
-0.1650
-0.1598 -0.2
-0.1326
-0.1024
-0.2
-0.0661
-0.0324
0.0
0.0136
0.0272
0.0408
0.0445
0.0432
0.0367
0.0292
0.0194
0.0097
0.0
-0.0030
-0.0060
-0.0091
-0.0121
-0.0151
-0.0121
-0.0091
-0.0060
-0.0030
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0225
-0.0438
-0.0627
-0.0763
-0.0873
-0.0868
-0.0810
-0.0648
-0.0356
0.0
-0.0540
-0.1051
-0.1505
-0.1832
-0.2095
-0.2082
-0.1944
-0.1555
-0.0855
0.0
1
-0.1
7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS1 4 7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 OUTPUT
34 37 40
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.09
0.08
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0307
-0.0551
-0.0664
-0.0688
-0.0666
-0.0553
-0.0427
-0.0275
-0.0135
0.0
0.0057
0.0113
0.0170
0.0185
0.0180
0.0153
0.0122
0.0081
0.0041
0.0
-0.0013
-0.0025
-0.0038
-0.0050
-0.0063
-0.0050
-0.0038
-0.0025
-0.0013
0.0
0.0
-0.0017
-0.0034
-0.0052
-0.0067
-0.0080
-0.0083
-0.0080
-0.0066
-0.0037
0.0
-0.0026
-0.0051
-0.0077
-0.0083
-0.0080
-0.0067
-0.0052
-0.0035
-0.0017
0.0
0.0005
0.0010
0.0016
0.0021
0.0026
0.0021
0.0016
0.0010
0.0005
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0206
-0.0402
-0.0574
-0.0699
-0.0800
-0.0795
-0.0742
-0.0594
-0.0326
0.0
0.0014
0.0028
0.0038
0.0047
0.0054
0.0054
0.0050
0.0040
0.0022
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0576
0.0215
-0.0016
-0.0154
-0.0246
-0.0236
-0.0207
-0.0141
-0.0072
0.0
0.0031
0.0062
0.0094
0.0102
0.0100
0.0086
0.0069
0.0046
0.0023
0.0
-0.0007
-0.0015
-0.0022
-0.0030
-0.0037
-0.0030
-0.0022
-0.0015
-0.0007
0.0
0.0
0.1383
0.0516
-0.0039
-0.0371
-0.0590
-0.0565
-0.0496
-0.0339
-0.0172
0.0
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0246
0.0240
0.0207
0.0166
0.0111
0.0055
0.0
-0.0018
-0.0036
-0.0053
-0.0071
-0.0089
-0.0071
-0.0053
-0.0036
-0.0018
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0192
-0.0374
-0.0536
-0.0652
-0.0746
-0.0741
-0.0692
-0.0554
-0.0305
0.0
-0.0461
-0.0898
-0.1286
-0.1566
-0.1790
-0.1779
-0.1661
-0.1330
-0.0732
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.3
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.08
0.16
0.14
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0273
-0.0490
-0.0590
-0.0611
-0.0592
-0.0491
-0.0379
-0.0245
-0.0120
0.0
0.0050
0.0101
0.0151
0.0165
0.0160
0.0136
0.0108
0.0072
0.0036
0.0
-0.0011
-0.0022
-0.0034
-0.0045
-0.0056
-0.0045
-0.0034
-0.0022
-0.0011
0.0
0.0
-0.0033
-0.0068
-0.0104
-0.0134
-0.0160
-0.0166
-0.0160
-0.0132
-0.0073
0.0
-0.0051
-0.0102
-0.0153
-0.0166
-0.0160
-0.0134
-0.0104
-0.0070
-0.0035
0.0
0.0010
0.0021
0.0031
0.0042
0.0052
0.0042
0.0031
0.0021
0.0010
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0181
-0.0351
-0.0503
-0.0612
-0.0700
-0.0696
-0.0650
-0.0519
-0.0286
0.0
0.0022
0.0041
0.0058
0.0070
0.0081
0.0081
0.0076
0.0059
0.0032
OUTPUT
0.1
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0494
0.1042
0.0706
0.0455
0.0248
0.0143
0.0060
0.0024
0.0007
0.0
-0.0001
-0.0001
-0.0002
-0.0001
0.0000
0.0002
0.0004
0.0002
0.0001
0.0
-0.0001
-0.0002
-0.0002
-0.0003
-0.0004
-0.0003
-0.0002
-0.0002
-0.0001
0.0
0.0
0.1185
0.2502
0.1693
0.1092
0.0595
0.0343
0.0145
0.0057
0.0016
0.0
-0.0001
-0.0003
-0.0004
-0.0003
0.0000
0.0006
0.0009
0.0006
0.0003
0.0
-0.0002
-0.0004
-0.0006
-0.0008
-0.0010
-0.0008
-0.0006
-0.0004
-0.0002
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0159
-0.0310
-0.0445
-0.0542
-0.0619
-0.0615
-0.0574
-0.0460
-0.0253
0.0
-0.0382
-0.0744
-0.1068
-0.1300
-0.1486
-0.1476
-0.1378
-0.1104
-0.0608
0.0
-0.1
7 10 13 16 19 22 25 28 31 34 37 40
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
-0.3
0.4
0.3
0.2
0.1
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.07
0.14
0.21
0.18
0.15
0.12
0.09
0.06
0.03
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0239
-0.0428
-0.0517
-0.0535
-0.0518
-0.0430
-0.0332
-0.0214
-0.0105
0.0
0.0044
0.0088
0.0132
0.0144
0.0140
0.0119
0.0095
0.0063
0.0032
0.0
-0.0010
-0.0020
-0.0029
-0.0039
-0.0049
-0.0039
-0.0029
-0.0020
-0.0010
0.0
0.0
-0.0050
-0.0102
-0.0156
-0.0200
-0.0240
-0.0249
-0.0241
-0.0197
-0.0110
0.0
-0.0077
-0.0153
-0.0230
-0.0249
-0.0240
-0.0200
-0.0157
-0.0104
-0.0052
0.0
0.0016
0.0031
0.0047
0.0062
0.0078
0.0062
0.0047
0.0031
0.0016
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0155
-0.0301
-0.0431
-0.0524
-0.0600
-0.0596
-0.0557
-0.0445
-0.0245
0.0
0.0029
0.0055
0.0077
0.0094
0.0108
0.0108
0.0101
0.0079
0.0043
OUTPUT
0.1
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0411
0.0870
0.1427
0.1065
0.0742
0.0521
0.0328
0.0188
0.0085
0.0
-0.0032
-0.0065
-0.0097
-0.0105
-0.0100
-0.0081
-0.0062
-0.0041
-0.0021
0.0
0.0006
0.0012
0.0017
0.0023
0.0029
0.0023
0.0017
0.0012
0.0006
0.0
0.0
0.0987
0.2087 0.0
0.3426
0.2556
0.1781 -0.1
0.1251
0.0786
0.0452 -0.2
0.0204
0.0
-0.0078
-0.0156
-0.0233
-0.0252
-0.0240
-0.0195
-0.0149
-0.0099
-0.0050
0.0
0.0014
0.0028
0.0042
0.0056
0.0070
0.0056
0.0042
0.0028
0.0014
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0126
-0.0246
-0.0354
-0.0431
-0.0492
-0.0488
-0.0456
-0.0366
-0.0202
0.0
-0.0302
-0.0590
-0.0850
-0.1034
-0.1181
-0.1172
-0.1094
-0.0878
-0.0484
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
0.4
0.3
0.2
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.06
0.12
0.18
0.24
0.20
0.16
0.12
0.08
0.04
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0205
-0.0367
-0.0443
-0.0458
-0.0444
-0.0368
-0.0284
-0.0184
-0.0090
0.0
0.0038
0.0076
0.0113
0.0124
0.0120
0.0102
0.0081
0.0054
0.0027
0.0
-0.0008
-0.0017
-0.0025
-0.0034
-0.0042
-0.0034
-0.0025
-0.0017
-0.0008
0.0
0.0
-0.0067
-0.0136
-0.0208
-0.0267
-0.0320
-0.0332
-0.0321
-0.0263
-0.0146
0.0
-0.0102
-0.0204
-0.0306
-0.0332
-0.0320
-0.0267
-0.0209
-0.0139
-0.0070
0.0
0.0021
0.0042
0.0062
0.0083
0.0104
0.0083
0.0062
0.0042
0.0021
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0129
-0.0251
-0.0359
-0.0437
-0.0500
-0.0497
-0.0464
-0.0371
-0.0204
0.0
0.0036
0.0069
0.0096
0.0117
0.0135
0.0135
0.0126
0.0099
0.0054
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0329
0.0697
0.1149
0.1674
0.1236
0.0900
0.0595
0.0353
0.0164
0.0
-0.0064
-0.0128
-0.0193
-0.0208
-0.0200
-0.0165
-0.0128
-0.0085
-0.0043
0.0
0.0012
0.0025
0.0037
0.0050
0.0062
0.0050
0.0037
0.0025
0.0012
0.0
0.0
0.0789
0.1672
0.2758
0.4019
0.2966
0.2159
0.1428
0.0848
0.0393
0.0
-0.0154
-0.0308
-0.0462
-0.0500
-0.0480
-0.0396
-0.0307
-0.0204
-0.0102
0.0
0.0030
0.0060
0.0089
0.0119
0.0149
0.0119
0.0089
0.0060
0.0030
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0093
-0.0182
-0.0263
-0.0320
-0.0365
-0.0362
-0.0338
-0.0272
-0.0150
0.0
-0.0223
-0.0437
-0.0631
-0.0768
-0.0876
-0.0869
-0.0811
-0.0653
-0.0360
0.1
0.0
1
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
-0.1
-0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0171
-0.0306
-0.0369
-0.0382
-0.0370
-0.0307
-0.0237
-0.0153
-0.0075
0.0
0.0032
0.0063
0.0095
0.0103
0.0100
0.0085
0.0068
0.0045
0.0023
0.0
-0.0007
-0.0014
-0.0021
-0.0028
-0.0035
-0.0028
-0.0021
-0.0014
-0.0007
0.0
0.0
-0.0084
-0.0170
-0.0260
-0.0334
-0.0400
-0.0415
-0.0401
-0.0329
-0.0183
0.0
-0.0128
-0.0255
-0.0383
-0.0415
-0.0400
-0.0334
-0.0261
-0.0174
-0.0087
0.0
0.0026
0.0052
0.0078
0.0104
0.0130
0.0104
0.0078
0.0052
0.0026
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0103
-0.0201
-0.0287
-0.0350
-0.0400
-0.0398
-0.0371
-0.0297
-0.0163
0.0
0.0043
0.0083
0.0115
0.0140
0.0162
0.0162
0.0151
0.0119
0.0065
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0246
0.0524
0.0871
0.1284
0.1730
0.1278
0.0862
0.0518
0.0242
0.0
-0.0096
-0.0192
-0.0288
-0.0312
-0.0300
-0.0249
-0.0194
-0.0129
-0.0065
0.0
0.0019
0.0038
0.0057
0.0076
0.0095
0.0076
0.0057
0.0038
0.0019
0.0
0.0
0.0590
0.1258
0.2090
0.3082
0.4152
0.3067
0.2069
0.1243
0.0581
0.0
-0.0230
-0.0461
-0.0691
-0.0749
-0.0720
-0.0598
-0.0464
-0.0310
-0.0155
0.0
0.0046
0.0091
0.0137
0.0182
0.0228
0.0182
0.0137
0.0091
0.0046
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0060
-0.0118
-0.0172
-0.0209
-0.0238
-0.0236
-0.0220
-0.0178
-0.0098
0.0
-0.0144
-0.0283
-0.0413
-0.0502
-0.0571
-0.0565
-0.0528
-0.0427
-0.0236
0.1
0.0
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
-0.1
-0.2
0.4
0.3
0.2
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.20
0.24
0.18
0.12
0.06
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0136
-0.0245
-0.0295
-0.0306
-0.0296
-0.0246
-0.0190
-0.0122
-0.0060
0.0
0.0025
0.0050
0.0076
0.0082
0.0080
0.0068
0.0054
0.0036
0.0018
0.0
-0.0006
-0.0011
-0.0017
-0.0022
-0.0028
-0.0022
-0.0017
-0.0011
-0.0006
0.0
0.0
-0.0100
-0.0204
-0.0312
-0.0401
-0.0480
-0.0498
-0.0481
-0.0395
-0.0220
0.0
-0.0153
-0.0306
-0.0459
-0.0498
-0.0480
-0.0401
-0.0313
-0.0209
-0.0104
0.0
0.0031
0.0062
0.0094
0.0125
0.0156
0.0125
0.0094
0.0062
0.0031
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0077
-0.0151
-0.0215
-0.0262
-0.0300
-0.0298
-0.0278
-0.0223
-0.0122
0.0
0.0050
0.0097
0.0134
0.0164
0.0189
0.0189
0.0176
0.0139
0.0076
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0163
0.0351
0.0593
0.0894
0.1224
0.1656
0.1129
0.0683
0.0320
0.0
-0.0128
-0.0256
-0.0383
-0.0416
-0.0400
-0.0333
-0.0259
-0.0173
-0.0086
0.0
0.0026
0.0051
0.0077
0.0102
0.0128
0.0102
0.0077
0.0051
0.0026
0.0
0.0
0.0392
0.0843
0.1423
0.2145
0.2938
0.3975
0.2710
0.1639
0.0769
0.0
-0.0307
-0.0613
-0.0920
-0.0997
-0.0960
-0.0799
-0.0622
-0.0415
-0.0207
0.0
0.0061
0.0123
0.0184
0.0246
0.0307
0.0246
0.0184
0.0123
0.0061
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
-0.0027
-0.0054
-0.0081
-0.0098
-0.0111
-0.0109
-0.0102
-0.0084
-0.0047
0.0
-0.0065
-0.0130
-0.0194
-0.0236
-0.0266
-0.0262
-0.0245
-0.0202
-0.0112
0.1
0.0
1
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
-0.1
-0.2
0.3
0.2
0.1
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.03
0.06
0.09
0.12
0.15
0.18
0.21
0.14
0.07
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0102
-0.0184
-0.0221
-0.0229
-0.0222
-0.0184
-0.0142
-0.0092
-0.0045
0.0
0.0019
0.0038
0.0057
0.0062
0.0060
0.0051
0.0041
0.0027
0.0014
0.0
-0.0004
-0.0008
-0.0013
-0.0017
-0.0021
-0.0017
-0.0013
-0.0008
-0.0004
0.0
0.0
-0.0117
-0.0238
-0.0364
-0.0468
-0.0560
-0.0581
-0.0561
-0.0461
-0.0256
0.0
-0.0179
-0.0357
-0.0536
-0.0581
-0.0560
-0.0468
-0.0365
-0.0244
-0.0122
0.0
0.0036
0.0073
0.0109
0.0146
0.0182
0.0146
0.0109
0.0073
0.0036
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0052
-0.0100
-0.0144
-0.0175
-0.0200
-0.0199
-0.0186
-0.0148
-0.0082
0.0
0.0058
0.0110
0.0154
0.0187
0.0216
0.0216
0.0202
0.0158
0.0086
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
0.0081
0.0178
0.0315
0.0503
0.0718
0.1035
0.1396
0.0848
0.0399
0.0
-0.0160
-0.0319
-0.0479
-0.0519
-0.0500
-0.0417
-0.0325
-0.0217
-0.0108
0.0
0.0032
0.0064
0.0097
0.0129
0.0161
0.0129
0.0097
0.0064
0.0032
0.0
0.0
0.0194
0.0428
0.0755
0.1208
0.1723
0.2484
0.3351
0.2034
0.0957
0.0
-0.0383
-0.0766
-0.1149
-0.1246
-0.1200
-0.1000
-0.0780
-0.0520
-0.0260
0.0
0.0077
0.0155
0.0232
0.0309
0.0386
0.0309
0.0232
0.0155
0.0077
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.0006
0.0010
0.0010
0.0012
0.0016
0.0017
0.0016
0.0010
0.0005
0.0
0.0014
0.0024
0.0024
0.0030
0.0038
0.0041
0.0038
0.0024
0.0012
0.0
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
-0.1
-0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
0.1
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
0.0
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
0.14
0.16
0.08
0.0
Load
Position
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
Date___december '04
0.0
0.0
coeff.
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0068
-0.0122
-0.0148
-0.0153
-0.0148
-0.0123
-0.0095
-0.0061
-0.0030
0.0
0.0013
0.0025
0.0038
0.0041
0.0040
0.0034
0.0027
0.0018
0.0009
0.0
-0.0003
-0.0006
-0.0008
-0.0011
-0.0014
-0.0011
-0.0008
-0.0006
-0.0003
0.0
0.0
-0.0134
-0.0272
-0.0416
-0.0534
-0.0640
-0.0664
-0.0642
-0.0526
-0.0293
0.0
-0.0204
-0.0408
-0.0612
-0.0664
-0.0640
-0.0534
-0.0418
-0.0278
-0.0139
0.0
0.0042
0.0083
0.0125
0.0166
0.0208
0.0166
0.0125
0.0083
0.0042
0.0
MB coeff. MC coeff.
0.0
-0.0026
-0.0050
-0.0072
-0.0087
-0.0100
-0.0099
-0.0093
-0.0074
-0.0041
0.0
0.0065
0.0124
0.0173
0.0211
0.0243
0.0243
0.0227
0.0178
0.0097
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0002
0.0006
0.0036
0.0113
0.0212
0.0413
0.0664
0.1012
0.0477
0.0
-0.0191
-0.0383
-0.0574
-0.0623
-0.0600
-0.0500
-0.0391
-0.0260
-0.0130
0.0
0.0039
0.0078
0.0116
0.0155
0.0194
0.0155
0.0116
0.0078
0.0039
0.0
0.0
-0.0004
0.0013
0.0087
0.0271
0.0509
0.0992
0.1593
0.2430
0.1145
0.0
-0.0459
-0.0919
-0.1378
-0.1495
-0.1440
-0.1201
-0.0937
-0.0625
-0.0312
0.0
0.0093
0.0186
0.0279
0.0372
0.0466
0.0372
0.0279
0.0186
0.0093
0.0
+ MB +
MC
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.0039
0.0074
0.0101
0.0123
0.0143
0.0144
0.0134
0.0104
0.0056
0.0
0.0094
0.0178
0.0242
0.0296
0.0343
0.0345
0.0322
0.0250
0.0135
0.0
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
0.2
0.1
0.1
0.0
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
33
35
37
39
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
3.1L
3.2L
3.3L
3.4L
3.5L
3.6L
3.7L
3.8L
3.9L
4.0L
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.0
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.0
0.0
-0.0034
-0.0061
-0.0074
-0.0076
-0.0074
-0.0061
-0.0047
-0.0031
-0.0015
0.0
0.0006
0.0013
0.0019
0.0021
0.0020
0.0017
0.0014
0.0009
0.0005
0.0
-0.0001
-0.0003
-0.0004
-0.0006
-0.0007
-0.0006
-0.0004
-0.0003
-0.0001
0.0
0.0
-0.0150
-0.0306
-0.0468
-0.0601
-0.0720
-0.0747
-0.0722
-0.0592
-0.0329
0.0
-0.0230
-0.0459
-0.0689
-0.0747
-0.0720
-0.0601
-0.0470
-0.0313
-0.0157
0.0
0.0047
0.0094
0.0140
0.0187
0.0234
0.0187
0.0140
0.0094
0.0047
0.0
BRIDGE DECK
0.0
-0.0084
-0.0167
-0.0242
-0.0278
-0.0294
-0.0208
-0.0069
0.0177
0.0556
0.0
-0.0223
-0.0446
-0.0670
-0.0726
-0.0700
-0.0584
-0.0456
-0.0304
-0.0152
0.0
0.0045
0.0091
0.0136
0.0182
0.0227
0.0182
0.0136
0.0091
0.0045
0.0
0.0
-0.0203
-0.0401
-0.0580
-0.0666
-0.0706
-0.0500
-0.0166
0.0425
0.1333
0.0
-0.0536
-0.1071
-0.1607
-0.1743
-0.1680
-0.1402
-0.1095
-0.0730
-0.0365
0.0
0.0109
0.0218
0.0327
0.0436
0.0545
0.0436
0.0327
0.0218
0.0109
0.0
-0.1
-0.1
-0.2
-0.2
Since the structure is symmetrical, influence lines are only drawn for load positions
upto 2.0L (i.e. Support C)
The point loads due to HA live loads is the HA Knife - Edge load (KEL).
With reference to Clause 6.2.2 of BS 5400: Part II: 1978, 120KN of KEL is
recommended per notional lane.
Based on this, the ultimate KEL per deck span is computed as 67.32KN/m.
a. Support moments
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
=
=
=
=
=
-0.2400
-0.1834
0.0494
-0.0168
-0.3908
P
P
P
P
P
-26.379 KNm
b. Span moments
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
v.
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.4921
0.4152
0.4152
0.4921
1.8146
P
P
P
P
P
122.159 KNm
=
=
=
=
-26.38
-11.09
-4.04
-41.51
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
=
=
=
=
122.16
7.22
2.63
132.01
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
HA + Gk
support mmts
=
-44.38KN/m
b. Span moments
moments due to HA point loads
moments due to HA udl loads
moments due to dead loads
Design HA + Dead loads
HA + Gk
support mmts
=
133.93KN/m
Wheel Loads
40KN
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
2.0
=
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2,500 * 45 / 1,000
= 112.5KN
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
6,100
1,800
1,800
1,000
375
Table 9,
R.C. H/Bk,
1,000
DIRECTION OF TRAVEL
1,000
1,800
CAXLE
6,100
CAXLE
CAXLE
1,800
CAXLE
2.7.2
Sect. 1.17(11)
Design of
R.C. Bridges
F = Wheel load
F
ax
REINFORCEMENT
A
by
ax
B = by + 2d
A = ax + 2d
a.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
f
where,
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
2,500j
[ (2,500j/1.1)0.5 + h' ]
f = pressure in N/mm
j = No. of units of HB loading = 45
f
b.
2,500 * 45
[ (2,500 * 45/1.1)0.5 + 0 ]
= 1.1N/mm
2,500j
[ (2,500j/1.1)0.5 + 2h' ]
2,500 * 45
[ (2,500 * 45/1.1)0.5 + (2 * 0.05) ]
0.97
Use f = 1.1N/mm
2.7.3
The tyres of a HB vehicle are spaced at 1,000mm as shown in the sketch above.
a.
Supports
The point loads are placed at critical positions to produce maximum effect.
i.
-38.01 KNm
ii.
-32.73 KNm
ii.
7.99 KNm
ii.
But P = 112.5KNm
But P = 112.5KNm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
iii.
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
-1.89 KNm
But P = 112.5KNm
b. Span moment
The point loads are placed at critical positions to produce maximum effect.
i.
39.42 KNm
ii.
36.80 KNm
ii.
37.64 KNm
ii.
But P = 112.5KNm
40.25 KNm
iii.
But P = 112.5KNm
But P = 112.5KNm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
=
=
-64.64 KNm
-4.04 KNm
of this report
DesignHB + Gk
support mmts
-68.68 KNm
=
=
154.11 KNm
2.63 KNm
= 71.64KNm
b. Span moments
moments due to HB point loads
moments due to dead loads
design HB + Gk
span mmts
156.75 KNm
a.
Support Moments
b.
Span Moments
-26.379 KNm
-68.685 KNm
-68.685 KNm
122.159 KNm
156.747 KNm
156.747 KNm
DESIGN MOMENTS
2.9
156.747 KNm
= 304.29KNm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
2.0
Depth of slab/deck
2,400 mm
175 mm
175 mm
1000 mm
Flange depth, hf
175 mm
0.0 mm
16.0 mm
10.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
effective depth, d
1000
mm
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
175 mm
a.
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
Span Length
157 mm
bw
1,000 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
M/bdfcu
therefore, k
1997
since k'
fcu
0.159
0.156
40 N/mm
0.775 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As '
410 N/mm
(k-k')fcu bd/(0.87fy.(d-d'))
Apply
=
T 16
(As prov. =
As
{k'fcubd/(0.87fy.Z)} + As'
=
T 25
(As prov. =
Mosley, Bungay
As min
=
Apply
BS8110:PART1: 1997
a.
0.13Ac/100
T 12
(As prov. =
Table 3.10
mm centres TOP
3,596 mm
125
mm centres BOTTOM
3,927 mm)
Table A.7
3.4.2
300
670 mm)
Apply
52 mm
=
@
250
227.50 mm
mm centres as distribution bars
452 mm)
20.00
16.67
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
b.
Table 3.11
2.0
BRIDGE DECK
BS8110:PART1:
1997
OUTPUT
Note:
i.
M/bd
ii.
service stress, fs
iii.
MF should not
= 5fyAsreq./8Asprov.)*1/bb
be greater than 2
c.
d.
6.36
260.75 N/mm
0.80
0.80
13.30
L/d
9.60
NB: Actual span-effective ratio based on the total slab depth of 250mm
Since Modified L/d > Actual L/d,
ii.
22.04 KN
84.70 KN
106.74 KN
V/bd
=
fcu
Checks:
iii.
40 N/mm
5.060 N/mm
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
iv.
0.8(fcu)
0.680 N/mm
0.427
0.79(100As/(bvd))1/3(400/d)0.25/1.25
1.00
0.476 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
0.680 N/mm
vc
0.476 N/mm
vc + 0.4 =
Asv/Sv = 0.4*bv/(0.87fyv)
=
1.121
fyv
410 N/mm
0.876 N/mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Bridge Deck
Member
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
2.0
Apply a
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
4 Leg stirrup
T 10
250 mm centres
1.257
Shear connectors will be required to prevent slippage between the insitu concrete and the
precast concrete sections to enable them act as a single composite unit.
The slippage that occurs is a maximum at the supported end of the slabs, where the shear,V
and the rate of change of moment dm/dx are a maximum. This slippage to zero at midspan
where moments is at a maximum, and shear force, SF, V = 0 for a udl.
The shear connectors are the shear reinforcement for the maximum inter-phase shear force.
Since the inter-phase between the precast concrete and the in-situ concrete is located in the
horizontal direction, it implies that the maximum interphase shear under consideration is in
the vertical direction.
Section 2.1.2 &
13.92 KN
of this report
13.92 KN
CHECKS:
V1 must not exceed the lesser of
clause 7.4.2.3
BS 5400:Part 4:1990
a.
k 1 .f cu .Ls
b.
v 1 .Ls + 0.7Ae.fy
where,
k1 is a constant depending on the concrete bond,obtained from Table 31, BS 5400:Part 4
fcu is the characteristic cube strenght of concrete
Ls is the length of theshear plane under consideration
v1 is the ultimate longitudinal shear stress in the concrete for shear plane under consideration
taken from Table 31, BS5400:Part 4
Ae is the area of fully anchored reinforcement per unit length crossing the shear plane under consideration
fy is the characteristic strenght of the reinforcement.
Table 31
k1
0.15
Ae
314 mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Member
Bridge Deck
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
BS 5400:Part 4:1990
fcu
and parts of
Ls
2.0
=
40 N/mm
2.4 m
OUTPUT
BRIDGE DECK
fy
410 N/mm
v1
0.5 N/mm
this report
a.
k 1 .f cu .Ls
14.400
b.
v 1 .Ls + 0.7Ae.fy
90164.909
a.
k 1 .f cu .Ls
b.
v 1 .Ls + 0.7Ae.fy
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
hc
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39 41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39 41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
40
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
39
41
39
41
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
DesignHB + Gk
support mmts
= 71.64KNm
design HB + Gk
span mmts
= 304.29KNm
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
ob No.
Era
esigned
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member:
Diaphragm/Transverse Beam
REF.
CALCULATIONS
Date___december '04
Page No.
OUTPUT
Diaphragm
Beams
17.80m
Slab area
supported
by diaph ragm beam
17.80m
Beam
Girder
17.80m
0.70m 2.40m
2.40m
2.40m
2.40m 0.70m
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member:
Diaphragm/Transverse Beam
REF.
CALCULATIONS
3.2
Section 2.2 of
this report
Gk
Dead Loads,
Self weight of beam
ii.
24 * 0.45 * 1.00 * 11
=
=
118.80KN
=
=
133.13KN
251.93KN
17.50m
10.5KN/m2
ii
Clause 6.2.2
BS 5400: Part II
iii.
4.2KN/m2
2No.
=
5.6KN/m
47.6KN/m
HA KEL
120KN is recommended as KEL per notional lane.
Total KEL
=
360KN, since we have 3 notional lanes.
There fore Total KEL per beam =
Each beam has 4No spans.
There fore Total KEL per span =
c.
ii
iii.
iv.
180KN
180KN/4
45KN
=
=
377.90KN
34.35KN/m
=
=
71.40KN/m
105.75KN/m
67.50KN
=
1.50 * 251.93KN
377.90KN/11m
LOADING DIAGRAMS
67.50KN
216.01
d.
360KN * 0.5
LOAD COMBINATIONS
i.
MOMENTS
105.75KN/m
67.50KN
297.73
67.50KN
297.73
Page No.
OUTPUT
LOAD ANALYSIS
a.
i.
b
i.
Table 11;
Reynolds & Steedman : R.C
Designer's H/bk
Date___december '04
67.50KN
297.73
216.01
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member:
Diaphragm/Transverse Beam
REF.
CALCULATIONS
I.
Date___december '04
Page No.
OUTPUT
=
25.91 KNm
ii.
ii.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member:
Diaphragm/Transverse Beam
REF.
CALCULATIONS
Page No.
Date___december '04
OUTPUT
Span Length
1,069.550 KNm
2,400 mm
Depth of slab/deck
250 mm
beam depth, h
1250 mm
400 mm
Flange depth, hf
250 mm
30.0 mm
16.0 mm
12.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
effective depth, d
400 mm
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
=
effective width, b
mm
1250
a.
Design Moment
1,200 mm
bw+(0.7L/5)
400 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
1997
k
therefore, k
M/bdfcu
since k'
ii.
0.046
0.156
z
use z
c.
fcu
40 N/mm
0.945 d
0.945 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As
410 N/mm
M/(0.87fy.Z)
Apply
2,643 mm
6
T 25
(As prov. =
Table A.7
Mosley, Bungay
As min
Bottom
2,945 mm)
0.13Ac/100
Apply
=
4
T 16
650.00 mm
Top
(A's prov.
3.3.2
a.
Table 3.10
BS8110:PART1: 1997
b.
804.25 mm )
20.00
16.67
Table 3.11
i.
M/bd
BS8110:PART1:
ii.
service stress, fs
= 5fyAsreq./8Asprov.)*1/bb
By interpolation, Modification Factor, MF
1.22
1.22
2.00
1997
iii.
Note:
MF should not
be greater than 2
c.
d.
L/d
1.86
255.49 N/mm
20.33
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member:
Diaphragm/Transverse Beam
REF.
CALCULATIONS
DESIGN FOR SHEAR
3.3.3
i.
ii.
V/bd
iii.
iv.
298 KN
=
fcu
0.8(fcu)
Checks:
OUTPUT
=
=
Page No.
Date___december '04
0.620 N/mm
40 N/mm
5.060 N/mm
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
0.614
0.537 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
0.620 N/mm
vc
0.537 N/mm
vc + 0.4 =
0.937 N/mm
Asv/Sv = 0.4*bv/(0.87fyv)
Apply a
fyv
410 N/mm
0.449
2 Leg stirrup
T 10
300 mm centres
0.524
Design Moment
Span Length
2,366.213 KNm
2,400 mm
Depth of slab/deck
250 mm
1250 mm
400 mm
Flange depth, hf
250 mm
fire resistance
2.0 hrs
30.0 mm
16.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
effective depth, d
=
=
400 mm
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
1250 mm
a.
1,200 mm
bw+(0.7L/5)
400 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
1997
k
therefore, k
since k'
M/bdfcu
fcu
0.103
0.156
1.00
z
use z
0.869 d
0.869 d
40 N/mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member:
Diaphragm/Transverse Beam
REF.
CALCULATIONS
c.
OUTPUT
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As
410 N/mm
M/(0.87fy.Z)
Apply
6,364 mm
8
T 32
(As prov. =
Table A.7
Mosley, Bungay
As min
TOP
6,434 mm)
0.13Ac/100
Apply
=
4
T 16
650.00 mm
BOTTOM
(A's prov.
3.4.2
a.
Table 3.10
Page No.
Date___december '04
BS8110:PART1: 1997
b.
804.25 mm )
20.00
16.67
Table 3.11
i.
M/bd
BS8110:PART1:
ii.
service stress, fs
= 5fyAsreq./8Asprov.)*1/bb
By interpolation, Modification Factor, MF
0.88
0.88
2.00
1997
iii.
Note:
MF should not
be greater than 2
c.
d.
L/d
4.11
281.63 N/mm
14.58
ii.
=
=
V/bd
fcu
Checks:
iii.
iv.
0.8(fcu)
298 KN
0.620 N/mm
40 N/mm
5.060 N/mm
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
1.340
1.00
0.697 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
0.620 N/mm
vc
0.697 N/mm
vc + 0.4 =
Asv/Sv = 0.4*bv/(0.87fyv)
Apply a
0.449
2 Leg stirrup
T 10
and Asv/Sv provided =
300 mm centres
0.524
fyv
410 N/mm
1.097 N/mm
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
15 m
4.1
15 m
15 m
LOADS
=
=
0.20 *
(2.4 * 4) * 24
=
46.08KN/m
24 { 2 (0.2 * 0.7 ) + 2 *(0.5 * 0.7)}
=
23.52KN/m
Railings
=
2 * (24 * 0.2 * 1.5 )
=
14.40KN/m
5No. * 0.40m * 1.0m * 24KN/m3
Self wt of beams
=
=
48.00KN/m
0.05m * 8.0m * 23KN/m3
wt of surfacing (50mm asphalt)
=
=
9.20KN/m
Total Dead loads, Gk
=
141.20KN/m
141.20/5
28.24KN/m
4.1.3
i. Clause 6.2.2
BS 5400:Part II:
1978
a.
Table 11;
Reynolds & Ste-
HA Livel loads
HA Knife edge load (KEL)
120KN is recommended as KEL per notional lane.
No of notional lanes
Total KEL
=
120 * 3
Total KEL per beam per span
ii.Table 9;
Reynolds & Steedman : R.C
Designer's H/bk
468.96KN
= 93.80KN
=
=
=
3
360KN
360KN/5
4.0KN/m
=
4.0KN/m2 * 0.70m * 2No
17.80m
5.6KN/m
72.0KN
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
Total udl
OUTPUT
10.50KN/m2
=
=
10.50 * 8.0/5
=
16.8KN/m
8.0 used above represents the c/way width.
16.8KN/m2
5.6KN/m
+
22.40KN/m
Equivalent HA udl is
ie load per beam
edman : R.C
Designer's H/bk
=
=
Loads factors:
a.
Dead
Live
=
=
Gk
Design dead loads, udl,
=
28.24KN/m * 1.15
1.15
1.50
b.
PD
Design concentrated dead loads per beam,
=
93.80KN * 1.15
=
107.87KN
c.
=
d.
33.60KN/m
108KN
2*107.87
66.08KN/m
107.87
740.07KN
108
2*107.87
2*740.07KN
108
2*107.87
108
2*740.07KN
2*107.87
2*740.07KN
4.2
The bridge deck and girders are required to support both static and moving loads.
Each element of the bridge must therefore, be designed for the most severe conditions
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
4.2.1
This is used for plotting the influence lines for uniformly distributed loads such as
those due to dead loads, and for the udl portion of HA - live loads.
Influence lines for the bending moments at Support B (penultimate support) will be
first to be plotted.
4.2.1.1
i.
Geometric Properties
Stiffness Coefficients.
Assume a parabolic profile for the girders.
A
Chapter 5.7,
rBhc
rChc
rA
rE
rB
rD
1.3
rChc
Design of r.c.bdg;
Aswani, et al.
rC
=
1.5
with the above r values, the stiffness coefficients obtained from standard
charts for concrete bridges are:
kBA
KDE
=
10.50
=
Fig. 5.25
Design of r.c.bdg;
Aswani, et al.
ii.
Fig. 5.24
Design of r.c.bdg;
Aswani, et al.
kBC
KDC
=
16.00
=
Carry - over factors
Using the same r values, the carry-over factors are obtained by interpolation as
shown below:
CAB =
CBC =
CCD =
-0.905
-0.760
-0.071
CBA =
CCB =
CDC =
-0.415
-0.710
-0.076
CDE =
CED =
-0.415
-0.905
However, since the end spans are discontinuous, the stiffness values are
modified inorder to make the applicable to the members.
The stiffness coefficient at the discontinuous end of the beam AB,which is
discontinuous at end A is
k
=
(1 - CABCBA)KBA
hc
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
CAB &CBA arecarryover factors of ends A & B of member AB, while KBA is the
k'BA
iii.
6.56 =
k'DE
Distribution factors
We now compute the distribution factors using the stiffness coefficient:
DBA
DBC
kBA
0.291
DDE
DDE
SkB
DCB
DCD
1 - DBA
KcB
0.709
DDC
0.5
Skc
1 - DCB
0.500
DDC
Notations
MAB, MBA, MBC, ...
Distribution factors
M1
=
MBA - CABMBA
M2
MBC - CCBMCB
M3
MCD - CDCMDC
M4
=
MDE - CEDMED
=
CBCDBCDCD
=
-0.760 * 0.709 * 0.500
CBCCCBDBCDCB
0.191
CCBDCBDBA
-0.103
ii.
Fig. 5.35
Design of r.c.bdg;
Aswani, et al.
b.
c.
Load in span AB
MAB
=
-0.060L
MBA
=
-0.138L
Load in span BC
MBC
=
-0.101L
MCB
=
-0.111L
Load in span CD
MCD
=
-0.111L
MDC
d.
-0.101L
Load in span DE
MCD
=
-0.138L
MDC
iii.
-0.060L
-0.269
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
a.
OUTPUT
M1
But
M1
MB
=
=
b.
0.619M1
MBA - CABMAB
MB
=
=
c.
MB
d.
But
=
(0.090 * -0.101)L + (0.167 * -0.111)L
=
-0.028L
Fourth span loaded (Span DE)
UDDE
M4
MB
=
=
1-U
= 0.090M4
M4
= MDE - CEDMDC
0.191 * 0.291
[1 - (2 * 0.191) ]
M4
MB
=
0.090 [-0.138 - (-0.905 * -0.060)]L
=
-0.017L
d.
Value of MB when all spans are loaded
= ( -0.119 - 0.057 - 0.028 - 0.017)L
=
But L = 17.80m
MB
e
Section
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
-0.114 * 17.80
-0.114L
-36.12KNm
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
OUTPUT
12.552
10.065
5.328
-1.659
-10.896
-22.383
-36.120
-25.995
-18.120
-12.495
-9.120
-7.995
-9.120
-12.495
-18.120
-25.995
0.000
10
0
1
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
-10
-20
-30
-40
Support moments
influence line ordinate
design HA udl live load
=
=
-0.657KNm
16.85KN/m
-0.657KNm * 16.85
20
21
22
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
=
-11.07 KNm
b.
Span moments
maximum span moment occurs at 0.4L (1st span) and at 3.6L (4th span)
influence line ordinate
=
0.428KNm
design HA udl live load
=
16.85KN/m
=
=
0.428KNm * 16.85
7.21 KNm
Support moments
influence line ordinate
design dead load udl
dead load udl support moments
=
=
-0.657KNm
10.65KN/m
=
=
-0.657KNm * 10.65
-7.00 KNm
b.
Span moments
maximum span moment occurs at 0.4L (1st span) and at 2.6L (3rd span)
influence line ordinate
=
0.428KNm
design dead load udl
=
10.65KN/m
=
=
0.428KNm * 10.65
4.56 KNm
Support moments
influence line ordinate
design HA udl live load
HA udl support moments
=
=
-23.450KNm
33.60KN/m
=
=
-23.45KNm * 33.60
-787.92 KNm
b.
Span moments
maximum span moment occurs at 0.4L (1st span) and at 2.6L (3rd span)
influence line ordinate
=
-28.641KNm
design HA udl live load
=
33.60KN/m
=
=
28.641KNm * 33.60
962.34 KNm
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member:
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
REF.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
=
=
-23.45KNm * 32.48
-761.66 KNm
b.
Span moments
maximum span moment occurs at 0.4L (1st span) and at 2.6L (3rd span)
influence line ordinate
=
-28.641KNm
design dead load udl
=
32.48KN/m
4.2.2
=
=
28.641KNm * 32.48
930.26 KNm
The point loads are due primarily to either HA live loads or the HB live loads.
The beam girder is designed to be continuous over three spans, and has a constant
moment of inertia over all the spans. We can therfore, plot the influence lines using
standard influence line tables for a three span continuous beam.
The following assumptions are made in the analysis of the continuous bridge girders
before using the standard influence tables:
*
The girder is simply supported at the supports and monolithic with the
supports.
*
Rocker or roller bearings are provided at all supports.
Find below the influence line tables and charts at sections 0.1L to 1.5L
We prepared the influence charts only upto 1.5L as the loading is symmetrical over
the three spans.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
hc
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
22
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page No.
OUTPUT
Job No.
Page No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
Member:
REF.
Era
Designed
Checked
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
15.000 Lm
Span Length
=
Bending Moment Influence Lines At First Internal Support, MB
Influence
Load
Influence Line
Posit Coefficients for
Ordinate
ion
MB
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
0.0
-0.0257
-0.0584
-0.0739
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0
-0.0754
-0.0614
-0.0746
-0.0774
-0.0750
-0.0664
-0.0484
-0.0316
-0.0156
0.0
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0180
0.0120
0.0060
0.0
0.0
-0.3862
-0.8765
-1.1079
-1.3114
-1.5000
-1.4910
-1.3921
-1.1129
-0.6119
0.0
-1.1316
-0.9205
-1.1189
-1.1609
-1.1250
-0.9960
-0.7261
-0.4739
-0.2340
0.0
0.1125
0.2250
0.3375
0.3750
0.3750
0.3300
0.2700
0.1800
0.0900
0.0
0.5
0
1
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
REF.
CALCULATIONS
Influence Line ordinates for BM at Support C (Mc).
Load
Posit
ion
Influence line
coefficient
Influence line
ordinates
0.0
0.1L
0.2L
0.3L
0.4L
0.5L
0.6L
0.7L
0.8L
0.9L
1.0L
1.1L
1.2L
1.3L
1.4L
1.5L
1.6L
1.7L
1.8L
1.9L
2.0L
2.1L
2.2L
2.3L
2.4L
2.5L
2.6L
2.7L
2.8L
2.9L
3.0L
0.0
0.0060
0.0120
0.0180
0.0220
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0150
0.0070
0.0
-0.0160
-0.0320
-0.0480
-0.0620
-0.0750
-0.0770
-0.0750
-0.0610
-0.0340
0.0
-0.0410
-0.0740
-0.0930
-0.0990
-0.1000
-0.0870
-0.0720
-0.0500
-0.0260
0.0
0.0
0.0900
0.1800
0.2700
0.3300
0.3750
0.3750
0.3300
0.2250
0.1050
0.0
-0.2400
-0.4800
-0.7200
-0.9300
-1.1250
-1.1550
-1.1250
-0.9150
-0.5100
0.0
-0.6150
-1.1100
-1.3950
-1.4850
-1.5000
-1.3050
-1.0800
-0.7500
-0.3900
0.0
0.5
OUTPUT
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
CALCULATIONS
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0026
-0.0058
-0.0074
-0.0087
-0.0100
-0.0099
-0.0093
-0.0074
-0.0041
0.0
-0.0075
-0.0061
-0.0075
-0.0077
-0.0075
-0.0066
-0.0048
-0.0032
-0.0016
0.0
0.0008
0.0015
0.0023
0.0025
0.0025
0.0022
0.0018
0.0012
0.0006
0.0
0.0
0.0874
0.0742
0.0626
0.0513
0.0400
0.0301
0.0207
0.0126
0.0059
0.0
-0.0075
-0.0061
-0.0075
-0.0077
-0.0075
-0.0066
-0.0048
-0.0032
-0.0016
0.0
0.0008
0.0015
0.0023
0.0025
0.0025
0.0022
0.0018
0.0012
0.0006
0.0
0.0
1.3114
1.1124
0.9392
0.7689
0.6000
0.4509
0.3108
0.1887
0.0888
0.0000
-0.1132
-0.0920
-0.1119
-0.1161
-0.1125
-0.0996
-0.0726
-0.0474
-0.0234
0.0
0.0113
0.0225
0.0338
0.0375
0.0375
0.0330
0.0270
0.0180
0.0090
0.0
0.0
0.0900
0.0800
0.0700
0.0600
0.0500
0.0400
0.0300
0.0200
0.0100
0.0
0.0
0.0
OUTPUT
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
-0.2
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
CALCULATIONS
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
OUTPUT
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0051
-0.0117
-0.0148
-0.0175
-0.0200
-0.0199
-0.0186
-0.0148
-0.0082
0.0
-0.0151
-0.0123
-0.0149
-0.0155
-0.0150
-0.0133
-0.0097
-0.0063
-0.0031
0.0
0.0015
0.0030
0.0045
0.0050
0.0050
0.0044
0.0036
0.0024
0.0012
0.0
0.0
0.0749
0.1483
0.1252
0.1025
0.0800
0.0601
0.0414
0.0252
0.0118
0.0
-0.0151
-0.0123
-0.0149
-0.0155
-0.0150
-0.0133
-0.0097
-0.0063
-0.0031
0.0
0.0015
0.0030
0.0045
0.0050
0.0050
0.0044
0.0036
0.0024
0.0012
0.0
0.0
1.1228
2.2247
1.8784
1.5377
1.2000
0.9018
0.6216
0.3774
0.1776
0.0000
-0.2263
-0.1841
-0.2238
-0.2322
-0.2250
-0.1992
-0.1452
-0.0948
-0.0468
0.0
0.0225
0.0450
0.0675
0.0750
0.0750
0.0660
0.0540
0.0360
0.0180
0.0
0.0
0.0800
0.1600
0.1400
0.1200
0.1000
0.0800
0.0600
0.0400
0.0200
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.5
BM Influence Lines at 0.2L
2
1.5
0.5
0
1
-0.5
Bending Moment Influence Lines At 0.3L
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0077
-0.0175
-0.0222
-0.0262
-0.0300
-0.0298
-0.0278
-0.0223
-0.0122
0.0
-0.0226
-0.0184
-0.0224
-0.0232
-0.0225
-0.0199
-0.0145
-0.0095
-0.0047
0.0
0.0023
0.0045
0.0068
0.0075
0.0075
0.0066
0.0054
0.0036
0.0018
0.0
0.0
0.0623
0.1225
0.1878
0.1538
0.1200
0.0902
0.0622
0.0377
0.0178
0.0
-0.0226
-0.0184
-0.0224
-0.0232
-0.0225
-0.0199
-0.0145
-0.0095
-0.0047
0.0
0.0023
0.0045
0.0068
0.0075
0.0075
0.0066
0.0054
0.0036
0.0018
0.0
0.0
0.9341
1.8371
2.8176
2.3066
1.8000
1.3527
0.9324
0.5661
0.2664
0.0000
-0.3395
-0.2761
-0.3357
-0.3483
-0.3375
-0.2988
-0.2178
-0.1422
-0.0702
0.0
0.0338
0.0675
0.1013
0.1125
0.1125
0.0990
0.0810
0.0540
0.0270
0.0
0.0
0.0700
0.1400
0.2100
0.1800
0.1500
0.1200
0.0900
0.0600
0.0300
0.0
0.0
0.0
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
0
10
-0.5
-1
15
20
25
30
35
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
CALCULATIONS
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
OUTPUT
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0103
-0.0234
-0.0295
-0.0350
-0.0400
-0.0398
-0.0371
-0.0297
-0.0163
0.0
-0.0302
-0.0245
-0.0298
-0.0310
-0.0300
-0.0266
-0.0194
-0.0126
-0.0062
0.0
0.0030
0.0060
0.0090
0.0100
0.0100
0.0088
0.0072
0.0048
0.0024
0.0
0.0
0.0497
0.0966
0.1505
0.2050
0.1600
0.1202
0.0829
0.0503
0.0237
0.0
-0.0302
-0.0245
-0.0298
-0.0310
-0.0300
-0.0266
-0.0194
-0.0126
-0.0062
0.0
0.0030
0.0060
0.0090
0.0100
0.0100
0.0088
0.0072
0.0048
0.0024
0.0
0.0
0.7455
1.4494
2.2568
3.0754
2.4000
1.8036
1.2432
0.7548
0.3552
0.0
-0.4526
-0.3682
-0.4476
-0.4644
-0.4500
-0.3984
-0.2904
-0.1896
-0.0936
0.0
0.0450
0.0900
0.1350
0.1500
0.1500
0.1320
0.1080
0.0720
0.0360
0.0
0.0
0.0600
0.1200
0.1800
0.2400
0.2000
0.1600
0.1200
0.0800
0.0400
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.5
-1
Bending Moment Influence Lines At 0.5L
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
CALCULATIONS
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
OUTPUT
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0129
-0.0292
-0.0369
-0.0437
-0.0500
-0.0497
-0.0464
-0.0371
-0.0204
0.0
-0.0377
-0.0307
-0.0373
-0.0387
-0.0375
-0.0332
-0.0242
-0.0158
-0.0078
0.0
0.0038
0.0075
0.0113
0.0125
0.0125
0.0110
0.0090
0.0060
0.0030
0.0
0.0
0.0371
0.0708
0.1131
0.1563
0.2000
0.1503
0.1036
0.0629
0.0296
0.0
-0.0377
-0.0307
-0.0373
-0.0387
-0.0375
-0.0332
-0.0242
-0.0158
-0.0078
0.0
0.0038
0.0075
0.0113
0.0125
0.0125
0.0110
0.0090
0.0060
0.0030
0.0
0.0
0.5569
1.0618
1.6960
2.3443
3.0000
2.2545
1.5540
0.9435
0.4441
0.0
-0.5658
-0.4602
-0.5595
-0.5805
-0.5625
-0.4980
-0.3630
-0.2370
-0.1170
0.0
0.0563
0.1125
0.1688
0.1875
0.1875
0.1650
0.1350
0.0900
0.0450
0.0
0.0
0.0500
0.1000
0.1500
0.2000
0.2500
0.2000
0.1500
0.1000
0.0500
0.0
0.0
0.0
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
1
-0.5
-1
Bending Moment Influence Lines At 0.6L
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.0400
0.0800
0.1200
0.1600
0.2000
0.2400
0.1800
0.1200
0.0600
0.0
0.0
0.0
CALCULATIONS
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0154
-0.0351
-0.0443
-0.0525
-0.0600
-0.0596
-0.0557
-0.0445
-0.0245
0.0000
-0.0453
-0.0368
-0.0448
-0.0464
-0.0450
-0.0398
-0.0290
-0.0190
-0.0094
0.0000
0.0045
0.0090
0.0135
0.0150
0.0150
0.0132
0.0108
0.0072
0.0036
0.0
0.0
0.0246
0.0449
0.0757
0.1075
0.1400
0.1804
0.1243
0.0755
0.0355
0.0
-0.0453
-0.0368
-0.0448
-0.0464
-0.0450
-0.0398
-0.0290
-0.0190
-0.0094
0.0
0.0045
0.0090
0.0135
0.0150
0.0150
0.0132
0.0108
0.0072
0.0036
0.0
0.0
0.3683
0.6741
1.1352
1.6132
2.1000
2.7054
1.8648
1.1322
0.5329
0.0
-0.6789
-0.5523
-0.6714
-0.6966
-0.6750
-0.5976
-0.4356
-0.2844
-0.1404
0.0
0.0675
0.1350
0.2025
0.2250
0.2250
0.1980
0.1620
0.1080
0.0540
0.0
OUTPUT
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.0300
0.0600
0.0900
0.1200
0.1500
0.1800
0.2100
0.1400
0.0700
0.0
0.0
0.0
CALCULATIONS
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0180
-0.0409
-0.0517
-0.0612
-0.0700
-0.0696
-0.0650
-0.0519
-0.0286
0.0000
-0.0528
-0.0430
-0.0522
-0.0542
-0.0525
-0.0465
-0.0339
-0.0221
-0.0109
0.0000
0.0053
0.0105
0.0158
0.0175
0.0175
0.0154
0.0126
0.0084
0.0042
0.0
0.0
0.0120
0.0191
0.0383
0.0588
0.0800
0.1104
0.1450
0.0881
0.0414
0.0
-0.0528
-0.0430
-0.0522
-0.0542
-0.0525
-0.0465
-0.0339
-0.0221
-0.0109
0.0
0.0053
0.0105
0.0158
0.0175
0.0175
0.0154
0.0126
0.0084
0.0042
0.0
0.0
0.1796
0.2865
0.5745
0.8820
1.2000
1.6563
2.1756
1.3209
0.6217
0.0
-0.7921
-0.6443
-0.7832
-0.8126
-0.7875
-0.6972
-0.5082
-0.3318
-0.1638
0.0
0.0788
0.1575
0.2363
0.2625
0.2625
0.2310
0.1890
0.1260
0.0630
0.0
OUTPUT
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
0.0
0.0200
0.0400
0.0600
0.0800
0.1000
0.1200
0.1400
0.1600
0.0800
0.0
0.0
0.0
CALCULATIONS
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0206
-0.0467
-0.0591
-0.0699
-0.0800
-0.0795
-0.0742
-0.0594
-0.0326
0.0000
-0.0604
-0.0491
-0.0597
-0.0619
-0.0600
-0.0531
-0.0387
-0.0253
-0.0125
0.0000
0.0060
0.0120
0.0180
0.0200
0.0200
0.0176
0.0144
0.0096
0.0048
0.0
0.0
-0.0006
-0.0067
0.0009
0.0101
0.0200
0.0405
0.0658
0.1006
0.0474
0.0
-0.0604
-0.0491
-0.0597
-0.0619
-0.0600
-0.0531
-0.0387
-0.0253
-0.0125
0.0
0.0060
0.0120
0.0180
0.0200
0.0200
0.0176
0.0144
0.0096
0.0048
0.0
0.0
-0.0090
-0.1012
0.0137
0.1509
0.3000
0.6072
0.9864
1.5096
0.7105
0.0
-0.9053
-0.7364
-0.8951
-0.9287
-0.9000
-0.7968
-0.5808
-0.3792
-0.1872
0.0
0.0900
0.1800
0.2700
0.3000
0.3000
0.2640
0.2160
0.1440
0.0720
0.0
OUTPUT
REF.
Load
Posit
ion
CALCULATIONS
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
OUTPUT
Influence
Coefficients for
MB
m+ MB
Influence Line
Ordinate
0.0
-0.0232
-0.0526
-0.0665
-0.0787
-0.0900
-0.0895
-0.0835
-0.0668
-0.0367
0.0
-0.0679
-0.0552
-0.0671
-0.0697
-0.0675
-0.0598
-0.0436
-0.0284
-0.0140
0.0
0.0068
0.0135
0.0203
0.0225
0.0225
0.0198
0.0162
0.0108
0.0054
0.0
0.0
-0.0132
-0.0326
-0.0365
-0.0387
-0.0400
-0.0295
-0.0135
0.0132
0.0533
0.0
-0.0679
-0.0552
-0.0671
-0.0697
-0.0675
-0.0598
-0.0436
-0.0284
-0.0140
0.0
0.0068
0.0135
0.0203
0.0225
0.0225
0.0198
0.0162
0.0108
0.0054
0.0
0.0
-0.1976
-0.4888
-0.5471
-0.5802
-0.6000
-0.4419
-0.2029
0.1984
0.7993
0.0
-1.0184
-0.8284
-1.0070
-1.0448
-1.0125
-0.8964
-0.6534
-0.4266
-0.2106
0.0
0.1013
0.2025
0.3038
0.3375
0.3375
0.2970
0.2430
0.1620
0.0810
0.0
0.0
0.0100
0.0200
0.0300
0.0400
0.0500
0.0600
0.0700
0.0800
0.0900
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0
1
-0.5
-1
-1.5
Bending Moment Influence Lines At 1.1L
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
REF.
m-Coefficients
Load
Posit
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
0.0
0.0100
0.0200
0.0300
0.0400
0.0500
0.0600
0.0700
0.0800
0.0900
0.0
0.0
Influence
0.0
0.0006
0.0012
0.0018
0.0022
0.0025
0.0025
0.0022
0.0015
0.0007
0.0000
-0.0016
-0.0032
-0.0048
-0.0062
-0.0075
-0.0077
-0.0075
-0.0061
-0.0034
0.0000
-0.0041
-0.0074
-0.0093
-0.0099
-0.0100
-0.0087
-0.0072
-0.0050
-0.0026
0.0000
CALCULATIONS
Influence
m+ MB + MC
0.0
-0.0257
-0.0584
-0.0739
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0000
-0.0754
-0.0614
-0.0746
-0.0774
-0.0750
-0.0664
-0.0484
-0.0316
-0.0156
0.0000
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0180
0.0120
0.0060
0.0000
0.0
-0.0251
-0.0572
-0.0721
-0.0852
-0.0975
-0.0969
-0.0906
-0.0727
-0.0401
0.0000
-0.0670
-0.0446
-0.0494
-0.0436
-0.0325
-0.0141
0.0141
0.0423
0.0710
0.0000
0.0034
0.0076
0.0132
0.0151
0.0150
0.0133
0.0108
0.0070
0.0034
0.0000
OUTPUT
Influence Line
0.0
-0.3772
-0.8585
-1.0809
-1.2784
-1.4625
-1.4535
-1.3591
-1.0904
-0.6014
0.0
-1.0056
-0.6685
-0.7409
-0.6539
-0.4875
-0.2115
0.2114
0.6346
1.0650
0.0
0.0510
0.1140
0.1980
0.2265
0.2250
0.1995
0.1620
0.1050
0.0510
0.0
0.5
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
Bending Moment Influence Lines At 1.2L
REF.
m-Coefficients
Load
Posit
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
0.0
0.0200
0.0400
0.0600
0.0800
0.1000
0.1200
0.1400
0.1600
0.0800
0.0
0.0
Influence
0.0
0.0012
0.0024
0.0036
0.0044
0.0050
0.0050
0.0044
0.0030
0.0014
0.0000
-0.0032
-0.0064
-0.0096
-0.0124
-0.0150
-0.0154
-0.0150
-0.0122
-0.0068
0.0000
-0.0082
-0.0148
-0.0186
-0.0198
-0.0200
-0.0174
-0.0144
-0.0100
-0.0052
0.0000
CALCULATIONS
Influence
m+ MB + MC
0.0
-0.0257
-0.0584
-0.0739
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0000
-0.0754
-0.0614
-0.0746
-0.0774
-0.0750
-0.0664
-0.0484
-0.0316
-0.0156
0.0000
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0180
0.0120
0.0060
0.0000
0.0
-0.0245
-0.0560
-0.0703
-0.0830
-0.0950
-0.0944
-0.0884
-0.0712
-0.0394
0.0000
-0.0586
-0.0278
-0.0242
-0.0098
0.0100
0.0382
0.0766
0.1162
0.0576
0.0000
-0.0007
0.0002
0.0039
0.0052
0.0050
0.0046
0.0036
0.0020
0.0008
0.0000
OUTPUT
Influence Line
0.0
-0.3682
-0.8405
-1.0539
-1.2454
-1.4250
-1.4160
-1.3261
-1.0679
-0.5909
0.0
-0.8796
-0.4165
-0.3629
-0.1469
0.1500
0.5730
1.1489
1.7431
0.8640
0.0
-0.0105
0.0030
0.0585
0.0780
0.0750
0.0690
0.0540
0.0300
0.0120
0.0
1.5
0.5
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
-0.5
-1
-1.5
-2
Bending Moment Influence Lines At 1.3L
Load
Posit
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
REF.
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.0300
0.0600
0.0900
0.1200
0.1500
0.1800
0.2100
0.1400
0.0700
0.0
0.0
Influence
0.0
0.0018
0.0036
0.0054
0.0066
0.0075
0.0075
0.0066
0.0045
0.0021
0.0000
-0.0048
-0.0096
-0.0144
-0.0186
-0.0225
-0.0231
-0.0225
-0.0183
-0.0102
0.0000
-0.0123
-0.0222
-0.0279
-0.0297
-0.0300
-0.0261
-0.0216
-0.0150
-0.0078
0.0000
CALCULATIONS
Influence
m+ MB + MC
0.0
-0.0257
-0.0584
-0.0739
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0000
-0.0754
-0.0614
-0.0746
-0.0774
-0.0750
-0.0664
-0.0484
-0.0316
-0.0156
0.0000
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0180
0.0120
0.0060
0.0000
0.0
-0.0239
-0.0548
-0.0685
-0.0808
-0.0925
-0.0919
-0.0862
-0.0697
-0.0387
0.0000
-0.0502
-0.0110
0.0010
0.0240
0.0525
0.0905
0.1391
0.0901
0.0442
0.0000
-0.0048
-0.0072
-0.0054
-0.0047
-0.0050
-0.0041
-0.0036
-0.0030
-0.0018
0.0000
OUTPUT
Influence Line
0.0
-0.3592
-0.8225
-1.0269
-1.2124
-1.3875
-1.3785
-1.2931
-1.0454
-0.5804
0.0
-0.7536
-0.1645
0.0151
0.3601
0.7875
1.3575
2.0864
1.3516
0.6630
0.0
-0.0720
-0.1080
-0.0810
-0.0705
-0.0750
-0.0615
-0.0540
-0.0450
-0.0270
0.0
REF.
CALCULATIONS
0.0
0.0400
0.0800
0.1200
0.1600
0.2000
0.2400
0.1800
0.1200
0.0600
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0024
0.0048
0.0072
0.0088
0.0100
0.0100
0.0088
0.0060
0.0028
0.0000
-0.0064
-0.0128
-0.0192
-0.0248
-0.0300
-0.0308
-0.0300
-0.0244
-0.0136
0.0000
-0.0164
-0.0296
-0.0372
-0.0396
-0.0400
-0.0348
-0.0288
-0.0200
-0.0104
0.0000
OUTPUT
Influence
m+ MB + MC
Influence Line
0.0
-0.0257
-0.0584
-0.0739
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0000
-0.0754
-0.0614
-0.0746
-0.0774
-0.0750
-0.0664
-0.0484
-0.0316
-0.0156
0.0000
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0180
0.0120
0.0060
0.0000
0.0
-0.0233
-0.0536
-0.0667
-0.0786
-0.0900
-0.0894
-0.0840
-0.0682
-0.0380
0.0000
-0.0418
0.0058
0.0262
0.0578
0.0950
0.1428
0.1016
0.0640
0.0308
0.0000
-0.0089
-0.0146
-0.0147
-0.0146
-0.0150
-0.0128
-0.0108
-0.0080
-0.0044
0.0000
0.0
-0.3502
-0.8045
-0.9999
-1.1794
-1.3500
-1.3410
-1.2601
-1.0229
-0.5699
0.0
-0.6276
0.0875
0.3931
0.8671
1.4250
2.1420
1.5239
0.9601
0.4620
0.0
-0.1335
-0.2190
-0.2205
-0.2190
-0.2250
-0.1920
-0.1620
-0.1200
-0.0660
0.0
Load
Posit
REF.
m-Coefficients
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
2.0
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
2.5
2.6
2.7
2.8
2.9
3.0
CALCULATIONS
Influence
m+ MB + MC
Influence
0.0
0.0030
0.0060
0.0090
0.0110
0.0125
0.0125
0.0110
0.0075
0.0035
0.0000
-0.0080
-0.0160
-0.0240
-0.0310
-0.0375
-0.0385
-0.0375
-0.0305
-0.0170
0.0000
-0.0205
-0.0370
-0.0465
-0.0495
-0.0500
-0.0435
-0.0360
-0.0250
-0.0130
0.0000
0.0
0.0500
0.1000
0.1500
0.2000
0.2500
0.2000
0.1500
0.1000
0.0500
0.0
0.0
0.0
-0.0257
-0.0584
-0.0739
-0.0874
-0.1000
-0.0994
-0.0928
-0.0742
-0.0408
0.0000
-0.0754
-0.0614
-0.0746
-0.0774
-0.0750
-0.0664
-0.0484
-0.0316
-0.0156
0.0000
0.0075
0.0150
0.0225
0.0250
0.0250
0.0220
0.0180
0.0120
0.0060
0.0000
OUTPUT
Influence Line
0.0
-0.0227
-0.0524
-0.0649
-0.0764
-0.0875
-0.0869
-0.0818
-0.0667
-0.0373
0.0000
-0.0334
0.0226
0.0514
0.0916
0.1375
0.0951
0.0641
0.0379
0.0174
0.0000
-0.0130
-0.0220
-0.0240
-0.0245
-0.0250
-0.0215
-0.0180
-0.0130
-0.0070
0.0000
0.0
-0.3412
-0.7865
-0.9729
-1.1464
-1.3125
-1.3035
-1.2271
-1.0004
-0.5594
0.0
-0.5016
0.3395
0.7711
1.3741
2.0625
1.4265
0.9614
0.5686
0.2610
0.0
-0.1950
-0.3300
-0.3600
-0.3675
-0.3750
-0.3225
-0.2700
-0.1950
-0.1050
0.0
1
0.5
0
1
-0.5
-1
-1.5
11
13
15
17
19
21
23
25
27
29
31
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Bridge Beam/Girder
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Since the structure is symmetrical, influence lines are only drawn for load positions
upto 1.5L
The point loads due to HA live loads is the HA Knife - Edge load (KEL).
With reference to Clause 6.2.2 of BS 5400: Part II: 1978, 120KN of KEL is
recommended per notional lane.
Based on this, the KEL per beam per span is computed as 72.0KN;
while the factored KEL per beam per span is108.0KN
a. Support moments
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
=
=
=
=
-1.780P
-1.370P
+0.445P
-2.705P
-292.14KNm
b. Span moments
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
=
=
=
=
3.6526P
3.0082P
3.6526P
10.3134P
1,113.85KNm
=
=
=
=
-292.14KNm
-787.92KNm
-761.66KNm
-1,841.72KNm
=
=
=
=
1,113.85KNm
962.34KNm
930.26KNm
3,006.45KNm
design HA + Gk
support mmts
= -1,841.72KNm
b. Span moments
moments due to HA point loads
moments due to HA udl loads
moments due to dead loads
Design HA + Dead loads
design HA + Gk
span mmts
= 3,006.45KNm
Job No.
Designed
Bridge Beam/Girder
OUTPUT
2,500 * 45 / 1,000
1,800
112.5KN
6,100
9,700
1,800
375
Table 9,
R.C. H/Bk,
Reynolds & Steedman. (10th ed)
DIRECTION OF TRAVEL
1,800
CAXLE
6,100
CAXLE
1,800
CAXLE
CAXLE
4.3.2
Sect. 1.17(11)
Aswani, et al;
Design of
R.C. Bridges
Dispersion of wheel loads along the span lenghts through the wearing coat,
and deck/slab is not considered.
This is therefore not computed the bridge girders
4.3.3
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
Era
Checked
40KN
Job No.
Bridge Beam/Girder
Designed
OUTPUT
a. Supports
The point loads are placed at critical positions to produce maximum effect.
-548.69KNm
ii.
iii.
But P = 112.5KNm
130.16 KNm
iv.
But P = 112.5KNm
-400.50KNm
But P = 112.5KNm
a. Span moment
The point loads are placed at critical positions to produce maximum effect.
i.
1,096.37 KNm
ii.
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
i.
Era
Checked
But P = 112.5KNm
Job No.
Designed
Bridge Beam/Girder
BM ordinate
2.5472 P
3.0082 P
0.4486 P
0.1050 P
iii.
BM
286.56
338.42
50.47
11.81
687.26
OUTPUT
But P = 112.5KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
KNm
1,096.37 KNm
iv.
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
Load Position
1.3L
1.4L
1.8L
1.9L
Era
Checked
But P = 112.5KNm
=
=
-819.03KNm
-761.66KNm
-1,580.69KNm
=
=
2,880.00KNm
930.26KNm
3,810.26KNm
design HB + Gk
support mmts
= -1,580.69KNm
of this report
b. Span moments
design HB + Gk
span mmts
= 3,810.26KNm
a.
Support Moments
HA + Dead Load Moments
HB + Dead Load Moments
=
=
-1,841.72KNm
-1,580.69KNm
Job No.
Designed
Bridge Beam/Girder
b.
OUTPUT
-1,841.72KNm
Span Moments
HA + Dead Load Moments
HB + Dead Load Moments
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
Era
Checked
=
=
3,006.45KNm
3,810.26KNm
3,810.26KNm
DESIGN MOMENTS
Design support moments
-1,841.72KNm (Hogging)
3,810.26KNm
4.5
Table 3.2
h
=
1,000mm
bw
=
(0.33 to 0.5) h
Therefore
333.33
use bw
=
450mm
410N/mm2
fy
=
40N/mm2
fcu
=
BS 8110:Part I:
1985
Conditions of exposure
=
Severe,
and d
=
1,000 - 40 - 32/2 - 12 =
R.C. Design,3rd
ed, Mosley &
Bungey
a.
500
Bar Diameter
ie
d'
930mm
32mm
40mm
SPAN DESIGNS
Design moments
Clause 3.4.4.4
BS 8110:Part I:
1985
bw
3,810.26KNm
(Sagging)
M/bd2fcu
250
0.245
1000
Ch. 17.3
(Sagging)
450
ii
Z/d
0.780
iii
As'
Required
steel required
Job No.
Designed
Bridge Beam/Girder
Eqn 1,
Clause 5.3.2.3
BS 5400:Part IV:
iv.
k'bd2fcu
0.87 fy Z
1990
b.
As'
2,812.22mm2
SUPPORT DESIGNS
Design moments
Clause 3.4.4.4
BS 8110:Part I:
1985
OUTPUT
Required
=
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
=
Era
Checked
1,841.72KNm
(Hogging)
M/bd2fcu
0.118
Clause 5.3.2.3
BS 5400:Part IV:
1990
ii
Z/d
iii
As
=
=
=
M/0.87fyZ
1,841.72 *106/(0.87 * 410 * 0.845 * 930)
6,570.23mm (Top)
0.845
REINFORCEMENT
Apply
16 No. T32 Bars ( Bottom) in 3 rows
14,472 mm2
As provided =
Apply
As
=
4,824mm
As
=
1,884mm
6,708 mm2
Maximum shear ,
V
=
740.07KN
The shear stress is borne by a combination of bent-up bars and stirrups.
a.
BENT - UP BARS
6No.f32mm bars are bent - up in a double bent-up system. They are bent at45o
and have spacing of 400mm.
therefore,shear resistance of the bent up bars is
Reinforcement
Bottom:
Apply
16T32
Top:
Apply
6T32 + 6T20
Job No.
Designed
Bridge Beam/Girder
V
1.34fyvAsb
fyv
=
Therefore,
=
=
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
Asb
Era
Checked
OUTPUT
6No. * 804
4,830mm
410N/mm
-3
As shown in the calculation above, the shear has already been borne by the bent up bars.
The shear liks to be provided will now be nominal and to als prevent cracks on the beam sides.
SHEAR LINKS
a
=
=
CHECKS
0.8 * (fcu)0.5
0.5
= 0.8 * (30)
0.5
Since v is far less than 0.8 * (fcu)
4.38N/mm2
than
0.8 * (fcu)0.5
Depth factor, s
1.25
1.25 * 0.41
shear
BS 5400:Part IV:
1990
Table 8
svc
Therefore,
vc
0.41
0.513N/mm2
( By interpolation)
BS 5400:Part IV:
1990
Clause 5.4.4
And Table 7
BS 5400:Part IV:
1990
1.25 * 0.41
0.513N/mm2
v
<
svc
It implies that shear reinforcement is required.
Asv/Sv
0.4 b/0.87fyv
=
=
452mm2
452mm2/200
=
=
since
BS 5400:Part IV:
1990
Clause 5.3.3.2
svc
Therefore,
Basic
Span
d
26.0
2.26
Provide a 4 - leg
stirrup, T12 Bars
at 200mm centres.
as shear reinfor -
Job No.
Table 3.1
Designed
Bridge Beam/Girder
=
Service stresss, fs
BS 8110 :
Page No.
Date___december '04
CALCULATIONS
M
b d
Era
Checked
OUTPUT
3,810.26 * 106
450 * 9302
5 * fy * As Reqd
8 * As Prov.
9.79
1
Bb
Part I :1985
=
=
5 * 410 * 12,198.26
8 * 14,472
239.99N/mm2
Therefore,
1
0.9
( 477 - 239.99)
120 * (0.9 + 9.17)
Limiting Span
d
Actual Span
d
( 477 - fs)
+
120 * (0.9 + M/ b d2)
0.55
0.55
0.8
M.F. * 26
0.75 * 26
19.50
17,500
930
18.82
Since
Actual
d
is less than
Since
Actual Span
d
<
Limiting Span
d
Limiting L
d
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
design HA + Gk
support mmts
= -1,841.72KNm
design HA + Gk
= 3,006.45KNm
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
design HB + Gk
support mmts
= -1,580.69KNm
design HB + Gk
= 3,810.26KNm
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
450
Compression
steel required
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
Reinforcement
6T32 + 6T20
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
beam sides.
e v is far less
de a 4 - leg
p, T12 Bars
0mm centres.
ear reinfor -
Era
Page No.
OUTPUT
is less than
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
Page
Bridge Piers
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
MEMBER SIZING
edman : R.C
Effective length , Le
8,000mm
Designer's H/bk
(10th ed)
600mm thickness
Le/h
8,000/600
8.33 < 10
5.2
i.
AXIAL LOADS
Dead Loads
a.
b.
345.60 KN
87.12 KN
4515.11 KN
4,947.83 KN
c.
ii.
Live Loads
a.
KEL
b.
c.
40KN/m * 11.0m
440.00KN
1,470.00KN
210.00KN
2,120.00 KN
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
Page
Bridge Piers
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Table 2.1
BS 8110:Part I:
1997
No of piers
10,318.96 KN
5.3
Clause 6.6
BS 5400: Part II
A.
10,318.96KN/2
per pier:
5,159.48 KN
= 5,159.48KN
HORIZONTAL LOADS
Longitudinal Force Lf
Longitudinal loads resulting from traction or breaking of vehicles
shall be taken as the more severe of nominal loads for type HA
and nominal loads for type HB, applied at the road surface, and
parallel to it in one nominal lane.
Clause 6.6.1
i.
BS 5400: Part II
type HA loading
The nominal load for HA shall be 8KN/m of loaded length
plus 200KN, subject to a maximum of 700KN.
Clause 6.6.1
ii.
BS 5400: Part II
Loaded length
8.0m
Longitudinal force
( 8 * 8.0m) + 200
264.0KN
type HB loading
The nominal load for HB shall be 25% of the total nominal
HB load adopted.
45 units of HB load was adopted
Longitudinal force
iii.
0.25 * 1,800
1,800KN
=
450KN
iv.
450KN
Moments due
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
Page
Bridge Piers
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
mmt at the base of the pier due to Lf,
to Lf:
Ml
Le. Lf
450 *8.0m
B.
OUTPUT
3,600.0KNm
3600.00 KNm
Wind Loads, W
Exposed heiht of the structure
=
Depth of
Height of
girders
Height of
kerbs
railing
1.0m
0.45m
1.05m
Loaded lengt
2.50m
span * height
17.50m * 2.50m
Table 1.1
Height of piers
Aswami, et al:
43.75m2
5.0m
=
1.4KN/m2
1.4KN/m2
43.75m2
Vehicle length *
61.25KN
3KN/m
(3KN/m being the lateral wind load, acting 1.5m above the roadway).
Length of HB vehicle
9.75m
=
9.75m * 3.0KN/m
29.25KN
61.25
90.60KN
29.25KN
105.0KN
wind load
=
2.5/2
1.25m
105.0KN
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
Page
Bridge Piers
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Therefore, Moment at the base of the pier about the y - y axis, due to
wind force is
Mw
C.
Bureau of Public
force, Mw
740.25KNm
1,055.25 KNm
Roads,
Washington, D.C.
Pw
K r w A V2
2g
where,
Pw
rw =
10 * 0.60m
9.81 KN/m3
6.0 m2
9.81 m/s2
Pw
Pw = 55.30KN
Therefore,
55.30KN
2 * 9.81
This force is assumed to act at two - thirds the highest water level.
=
5.0 * 2/3
3.33m
55.30KN * 3.33m
184.15 KNm
Mp
=
184.15KNm
Design Moments, M
pp 22 & 23 of
this work.
3,600.00 +
=
1,055.25 +
Ml + Mw + Mp
184.15
4,839.40 KNm
Design mmt per
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
Page
Bridge Piers
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
Design moments per pier
4,839.40 /2
OUTPUT
2,419.70 KNm
pier
2,419.70KNm
5.4
a.
STRUCTURAL DESIGNS
Longitudinal Bars (vertical)
Page 21 of this
2,419.70 KNm
report
5,159.48 KN
wall thickness
600mm
548mm
Clause 5.5.3.3
The design charts that form BS 8110: Part III may be used for the design
BS 5400:Part IV
of rectangular and circular column sections having a symmetrical arran gement of reinforcements. The same charts are used in Reynolds & Steed-
Table 154;
Reynolds & Ste-
548/600
0.90
edman : R.C
Designer's H/bk
M/bh2fcu
10th ed
N/bhfcu
0.149
5,159.48 * 103/1,500 * 600 * 30
=
By interpolation, ef fcu/fy
ef
0.191
=
0.20
0.20 *30/410
=
Asc
Reqd
0.01
ef
Ac
ef
1,500 * 600
9,000 mm2
9,000 mm2
2.00
CHECKS
4,500 mm2
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
Page
Bridge Piers
Date___december '04
REF.
CALCULATIONS
a.
100 * Asc
OUTPUT
>
1.00
Ac
Asc
1.0 * Ac
minimum
100.00
Asc
6,000 mm2
minimum
100.00
100 * Asc
<
6.00
Ac
Asc
maximum
6.0 * Ac
100.00
Asc
maximum
100.00
36,000 mm2
Provide 16 T25
at 100mm c - c
provided
4,910mm
Provide T2 5 at
provided
3, 437 mm
150mm c - c on
each face of wall
as distribution bars
5.5
LINKS
Ch. 9.3
R.C. Design,3rd
ed, Mosley &
Minimum size
0.25 * 32
8.0mm
Bungey
Maximum spacing
12 * 32mm
384mm
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
= 5,159.48KN
Moments due
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
3,600.0KNm
105.0KN
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
mmt due to wind
=
Pw = 55.30KN
184.15KNm
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
2,419.70KNm
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Provide 16 T25
at 100mm c - c
on each face of wall
Provide T2 5 at
150mm c - c on
each face of wall
as distribution bars
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
REF.
Page
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
6.1
LOADING
1.55
6.50
1.55
9.60
Ra
Rb
i.
5R
=
ii.
iii.
1.50 * 7.92
0.5( F
Rb
6.2
11.88 KN/m
( 11.88 * 9.6 ))
3,757.37 KN
DESIGN MOMENTS
=
ii.
7.92 KN/m
Rxns
Ra
i.
5 * (2* 740.07)
7400.7 KN
=
Design udl
1,189.49 KNm
Cantilever mmts
=
=
6.3
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Design Moment
1,189.490 KNm
Span Length
6,500 mm
Depth of slab/deck
250 mm
beam depth, h
300 mm
1100 mm
Flange depth, hf
0 mm
fire resistance
2.0 hrs
30.0 mm
reinforcement size, f
16.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
effective depth, d
1100
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
=
effective width, b
mm
300
a.
250 mm
bw+(0.7L/5)
1,100 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
M/bdfcu
therefore, k
1997
since k'
fcu
0.433
0.156
40 N/mm
0.775 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As'
=
Apply
410 N/mm
((k-k')fcu.bd2) /(0.87fy.(d-d'))
11
T 32
(As prov.
As
8,528 mm2
TOP
8,847 mm2
14,736 mm2
Table A.7
Mosley, Bungay
Apply
19
T 32
(As prov.
BOTTOM
=
Page
Date:december '04
15,281 mm2
mm
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
i.
OUTPUT
ii.
0.8(fcu)
V/bd
3,757 KN
13.663 N/mm
5.060 N/mm
fcu =
(should be 3.00)
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
5.358
1.600
0.79(100As/(bvd))1/3(400/d)0.25/1.25
Use 400/d =
1.106 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
13.663 N/mm
vc
1.106 N/mm
vc + 0.4
Apply a
fyv
410 N/mm
38.724
30 Leg stirrup
T 16
6.5
40
=
iv.
iii.
Page
Date:december '04
150 mm centres
40.212
1.506
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Design Moment
2,308.130 KNm
Span Length
1,550 mm
Depth of slab/deck
250 mm
beam depth, h
300 mm
1100 mm
Flange depth, hf
0 mm
fire resistance
2.0 hrs
30.0 mm
reinforcement size, f
16.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
effective depth, d
1100
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
=
effective width, b
mm
300
a.
250 mm
bw+(0.7L/5)
1,100 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
M/bdfcu
therefore, k
1997
since k'
fcu
0.839
0.156
40 N/mm
0.775 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As'
=
Apply
410 N/mm
((k-k')fcu.bd2) /(0.87fy.(d-d'))
27
T 32
(As prov.
As
21,072 mm2
BOTTOM
21,715 mm2
27,280 mm2
Table A.7
Mosley, Bungay
Apply
34
T 32
(As prov.
TOP
=
Page
Date:december '04
27,344 mm2
mm
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
REF.
CALCULATIONS
i.
OUTPUT
ii.
0.8(fcu)
V/bd
3,757 KN
13.663 N/mm
5.060 N/mm
fcu =
40
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
iv.
iii.
Page
Date:december '04
9.920
1.600
0.79(100As/(bvd))1/3(400/d)0.25/1.25
Use 400/d =
1.358 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
13.663 N/mm
vc
1.358 N/mm
vc + 0.4
Apply a
37.947
30 Leg stirrup
T 16
150 mm centres
40.212
fyv
410 N/mm
1.758
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Member
BRIDGE ABUTMENT
REF.
Date:december
CALCULATIONS
7.0
Page
'04
OUTPUT
BRIDGE ABUTMENT
The design of the bridge abutment takes care of only the frontal wall and excludes the wing walls.
Stability conditions ( over-turning and sliding) are met even though the foundation bears on
end - bearing piles.
The walls are designed as retaining structures with the traffic load as surcharge.
The back faces of the abutment wall will be subjected to hydrostatic forces from ground water.
A 300mm thick layer of French drain is provided at the face of the wall. Drainage pipes (weep holes)
are then provided, to dissipate the hydrostatic pressure. The weep holes are f150mm pvc
pipes placed from the back to the front of the walls.
7.1
Table 10;
Reynolds & Ste-
edman : R.C
Designer's H/bk
Ka
1
1
- Sin A
+ Sin A
1
1
- Sin 30
+ Sin 30
30 o
5.25m
0.3
0.5 * Ka * rsat * H2
and mmt
=
=
=
206.98KN * 3.50m
206.98 KNm
h1 =
h1
3
3
2.067m
724.43 KNm
( Overturning)
ii.
26.40 KN
=
105.60 KNm
( Overturning)
Surcharge
load is
26.40KN
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
BRIDGE ABUTMENT
REF.
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Page
'04
q
Ground Level
Surcharge Pressure
H = 8.0m
Qs
h1= 10.50m
Member
Date:december
y =h1/2
Fs
Pa
Active Earth
Pressure
1.25m
h1/3
1,225mm
4,275mm
850mm t =750mm
P1
7.1.2
a.
P3
3,900mm
Bearing Pressures
P2
VERTICAL LOADS
Stem wt per m
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Member
BRIDGE ABUTMENT
REF.
Date:december
CALCULATIONS
w
=
=
b.
144.00 KN
176.40 KNm
Base weight / m
rconc * t b* B
24 * 2.50 * 5.50m
=
=
Soil weight/m
=
611.52KN
=
611.52 KN
419.50 KN
513.89 KNm
7.2
330.00KN
330.00 KN
= 144.0KN
24 * 0.75 * 8.0
c.
OUTPUT
rconc * t * H
Page
'04
The critical conditions for stability are when a maximum horizontal force acts with a minimal vertical load.
7.2.1 OVERTURNING
1.6 * Overturning mmts < 0.9 Restraining mmts
Overturning mmts
=
724.43
and 1.6 * Overturning mmts
Restraining mmts
=
176.40 +
=
830.03 KNm
513.89
3,768.69 KNm
3,391.82 KNm
7.2.2
SLIDING
Design is safe
against over turning.
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Member
BRIDGE ABUTMENT
REF.
Date:december
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
u ( 0.9 Gk + 0.9Vk )
> rf * Hk
(Vk + Gk )
=
Sum of vertical forces
=
144.00 +
330.00 +
611.52
=
1,505.02 KN
m
coefficient of friction
Hk
=
=
=
=
=
=
419.50
0.50 ( assumed)
Sliding force
Page
'04
233.38 KN
1.6 * 233.38
373.41 KN
Design is safe
against sliding
7.3
The stem (wall) is designed to resist maximum moments caused by horizontal forces.
Like for all cantilever retaining walls, this is designed as a slab.
Design horizontontal force
Maximum overturning mmts
Clause 3.4.4.4
BS 8110: Part 1
Design moments
=
=
=
373.41 KN
1,328.05 KNm
Design mmt
=333.39KNm
M/bd2fcu
=
=
Asv
R.C. Designs;
Mosley,Bungey &
Hulse;( 5th ed.)
Asv
Z/d
M/(0.87fyZ)
min
max
=
=
0.887
3,000mm2
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Member
BRIDGE ABUTMENT
REF.
Date:december
CALCULATIONS
=
OUTPUT
30,000mm
T 25
(As prov.
150
Page
'04
Provide T20 at
100mm centre
- centre on
either face of
wall.
3,272 mm2
LINKS
Chapter 9.3
R.c. Designs;
Mosley & Bungey
( 3rd ed.)
Minimum size
0.25* 20
5.0mm
Maximum spacing
12 *20
240.0mm
Apply T12 as
wall clips at
200mm c/c
either ways.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
INTRODUCTION
Piles are relatively long and slender members used in transmitting foundation loads through
soil strata of low bearing capacity of low bearing capacity to deeper soil or rock strata having
a higher bearing capacity.
The piles must extend to a firmer soil so that the load is borne by
(i). end bearing, (ii). friction
and (iii). Combination of (i) and (ii).
8.2
PURPOSES OF PILES
Used in normal ground conditions to resist uplift pressure or in poor soil conditions
to resist horizontal loads;
** To transfer loads through water and soft soils to a suitable bearing stratum by means of
end bearing of these piles;
*** To carry the foundation loads through the depth of scour and to provide safety in the event
that the soil is eroded away;
**** The combined mass and bending resistance of the pile group serves as protection against
ship and boat collision.
8.3
Sub-soil survey was carried out inorder to determine the depth to firm soil and the properties
of the soil. This information will provide a guide to the length of pile required; and the probable
safe load capacity of piles.
From the deep soil investigation reports, it is indicated that piles will reach refusal at depths
between 5.50m and 13.65m.
8.4
Piles to be used are steel cased reinforced concrete end-bearing piles , driven
into the ground until it reaches the bearing stratum.
The steel shell casing are of a uniform cross-section.
- These piles have a relatively large bearing capacity (upto 75Tons per pile)
- They are permanent
- They can be treated for sea water installation.
- It is easy to alter the pile lengths.
- Damages due to handling or driving are eliminated.
8.5
Page
When a single end-bearing pile is acted upon by an axial load,Q, the soil above the tip is stressed.
If a group of piles arranged at ordinary pile spacing and each is acted upon by an axial load, Q,
the stress at any given point is equal to the sum of stresses introduced by each of these piles.
The total stress may be several times greater than, or may even be considerably less than
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Page
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
10,318.96 KN
1,277.10 KN
11,596.06 KN
735.75 KN
Since piles are end bearing, it is assumed that the total axial load from the piers is borne
equally by all the piles.
Therefore, Number of piles required = N/P
15.76 No.
A. LOAD COMPUTATION
i. Total axial loads from bridge abutment (factored)
Total length of abutment
Total load from abutment
=
=
=
2,257.53 KN/m
12.90 m
29,122.14 KN
2,835.00 KN
5,224.50 KN
37,181.64 KN
735.75 KN
50.54 No.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
8.6.3
Page
OUTPUT
PILE SPACING
The British Standard Code of Practice, BS 8004: Foundations recommends that for piles, a
minimum spacing centre - to - centre of not less than three times the pile diameter must be
provided.
The edge distance should not be less than the pile diameter
M.J Tomlinson
Section 7.14.2
Fdn Design &
Construction (6th edn)
Pile diameter,f
Pile Spacing, S
=
Use edge distance
8.6.3
3 *f
400.00 mm
=
=
1,200.00 mm
450.00 mm
PILE LAYOUT
It is impossible to ensure that piles are driven or bored to be trully vertical or exactly to the prescribed rake.
The piles are therefore arranged so that the centroid of the pile group coincides with the line of
action of the load. This is to ensure that all the piles carry equal loads.
Based on the above information and all computations above, we now produce the layout of piles
for both the piers and abutments as below.
0.45
1.
3,300
1.20
1.20
0.45
450 1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200
1,200 450
12, 900 mm
fig. 8.1: Pile Arrangement for The Bridge Piers.
12, 900 mm
450 1,500
1,500
1,500
1,500
1,500
1,500
1,500
1,500
450
450
5,500
1,150
C.G
1,150
1,150
1,150
2,300
1,150
1,150
500
2,2000
1,3000
5,9000
1,3000
2,2000
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Page
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
Pn
Pn
where
Nexx
Neyy
N
yn
Ixx
Iyy
n
= axial load on individual pile
= vertical load on the pile group
=
xn
Ix
=
=
141.12 m4
=
mmt of inertia about the y - axis
{3 * 2 (62 +3.62 + 1.22)} + {4 * 2 (4.82 +2.42)}
532.8 m4
=
=
-2
Since Np > 0,
It implies des ign Ok against
pile upliftment,
and no pile
tension
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
Npb =
Npb =
OUTPUT
592.63 + pile wt
3.142 * ( D2 - d2 ) * 15 * 7.5
4
2
+ 3.142 * d * 24 * 15
4
655.17KN at the bottom of pile.
Pile weight
N
H
M
=
=
=
655.17KN (Service)
60.01 KN (Service)
179.5KNm (service)
Pier Piles
N
H
M
=
=
=
659.54KN (Service)
0
0
PILE STRENGTH
Pile Specifications:
Casing
=
Wall thickness =
12
376mm
12
6.0mm
outer diameter, D
376mm + (2 * 6)
376mm
Page
6.0mm
388mm.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
8.7.3 REINFORCEMENT DETAILS
design axial load on pile, N
therefore Load at ultimate limit state
but ,
\ Asc
fcu
30N/mm
fy
410N/mm
=
=
=
OUTPUT
659.54KN (Service)
1.60 * 659.54KN
1,055.26 KN
N - 0.4fcuAc
(0.8fy - 0.4fcu)
Ac
0.25pD
=
=
111,050.85 mm
-877.69
mm
0.4% of Ac
444.20 mm
6.0% of Ac
6,663.05 mm
Provide 9No. T16 bars round the circumference of the pile (Asc prov. = 1,810mm)
Links
minimum bar size
=
=
* 16
6mm
4.0mm
maximum spacing
12 * 16
192 mm
Page
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Page
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
A.
i.
LOADING
Total axial load from piers including self weight of pile cap, W
ii.
12.90 m
iii.
Design Moment
The pile cap is considered to be simply supported, therefore
Design Moment, M = WL/8
18,698.65 KNm
Design Moment
18698.650 KNm
Span Length
12,900 mm
Depth of slab/deck
150 mm
B.
11,596.06 KN
1250 mm
3300 mm
Flange depth, hf
0 mm
fire resistance
2.0 hrs
30.0 mm
16.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
effective depth, d
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
1,200 mm
bw+(0.7L/5)
3,300 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
1997
k
=
therefore, k
since k'
M/bdfcu
fcu
0.131
0.156
30 N/mm
ii.
z
use z
0.823 d
0.823 d
1250 mm
a.
3300
mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
fy
410 N/mm
As
M/(0.87fy.Z)
Mosley, Bungay
As min
T 25
0.13Ac/100
Apply
110
Table A.7
Table 3.10
OUTPUT
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
Apply
25
T 20
53,086 mm
Bottom
(As prov.
53,996 mm)
5,362.50 mm
Top
(A's prov. =
7,853.98 mm )
C.
a.
20.00
16.67
BS8110:PART1: 1997
b.
Table 3.11
i.
M/bd
BS8110:PART1:
ii.
service stress, fs
= 5fyAsreq./8Asprov.)*1/bb
By interpolation, Modification Factor, MF
1997
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
c.
iii.
Note:
MF should not
be greater than 2
3.93
279.92 N/mm
0.89
0.89
c.
14.83
d.
10.75
D.
L/d
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
=
V/bd
11,596 KN
2.928 N/mm
4.382 N/mm
fcu
30 N/mm
1.364
0.333
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
Use 400/d
1.00
0.701 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
2.928 N/mm
vc
0.701 N/mm
vc + 0.4
Apply a
20.607
22 Leg stirrup
T 16
and Asv/Sv provided
=
200 mm centres
22.117
fyv
Page
410 N/mm
1.101 N/mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Page
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
LOADING
Total axial load from piers including self weight of pile cap, W
and the weight of wingwalls.
ii.
12.90 m
iii.
Design Moment
The pile cap is considered to be simply supported, therefore
Design Moment, M = WL/8
59,955.39 KNm
Design Moment
59,955.390 KNm
Span Length
12,900 mm
Depth of slab/deck
0 mm
Section 8.6.1
of this report
B.
37,181.64 KN
1250 mm
5500 mm
Flange depth, hf
0 mm
fire resistance
2.0 hrs
30.0 mm
16.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
effective depth, d
=
=
5500
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
=
effective width, b
1250 mm
a.
1,200 mm
bw+(0.7L/5)
5,500 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
1997
k
=
therefore, k
M/bdfcu
since k'
fcu
0.252
0.156
30 N/mm
0.775 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
As'
410 N/mm
((k-k')fcu.bd2) /(0.87fy.(d-d'))
Apply
As
115
T 25
TOP
(As prov.
Apply
140
T 32
BOTTOM
(As prov.
54,847 mm
56,450 mm)
111,734 mm
112,595 mm)
mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Table 3.10
C.
a.
20.00
16.67
b.
OUTPUT
Table 3.11
i.
M/bd
BS8110:PART1:
ii.
service stress, fs
= 5fyAsreq./8Asprov.)*1/bb
By interpolation, Modification Factor, MF
1997
Date:december '04
CALCULATIONS
CHECKS FOR DEFLECTION
BS8110:PART1: 1997
iii.
Note:
MF should not
be greater than 2
7.57
282.55 N/mm
0.74
0.74
c.
12.36
d.
10.75
D.
L/d
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
=
V/bd
37,182 KN
5.634 N/mm
4.382 N/mm
fcu
30 N/mm
0.855
0.333
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
Use 400/d
1.00
0.600 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
5.634 N/mm
vc
0.600 N/mm
vc + 0.4
1.000 N/mm
Apply a
fyv
410 N/mm
77.615
80 Leg stirrup
T 16
and Asv/Sv provided
=
200 mm centres
80.425
Page
=
=
=
=
5,798
17
1,250.00
1500 *
KN
No.
m
600 mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Shear at the face of pier
where
Checks:
0.8(fcu)
CALCULATIONS
n =N/md
=
m = pier perimeter
4.382 N/mm
Date:december '04
OUTPUT
=
1.10439 N/mm2
Page
4200 mm
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
GEMENT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
escribed rake.
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Since Np > 0,
It implies des ign Ok against
pile upliftment,
and no pile
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Checked
Member
CALCULATIONS
REF.
OUTPUT
INTRODUCTION
Based on the deep soil investigation carried out at the bridge foundation location, the depth
to bearing rock strata for the piers and abutments is between 0.75m to 2.65m.
It will thus be more economical for the footings to bear directly on the rock strata.
The design is made with the provision that 'micro - piles' will be drilled atleast 1.0m into the
rock and tied into the footing.
Micro - Piles' are to be constructed using f32mm high tensile reinforcement bars, which
will be placed at 1No. Per square metre of either of the footing area. They will provide resistance
against slippage, and allow for a monolithic action between the footing and the bearing strata.
The 'micro - piles are to be drilled into the rock strata, and grouted using a cement - sand
slurry.
9.2
9.2.1
PIER FOUNDATION
General
9.2.2
a.
Section 5.2 of
this report
b.
Page
LOADING
The piers carry a combined axial load
and an imposed load
=
=
BASE AREA
Allow for self weight of footing
1,500.00 KN
Based on the deep soil investigation report, conservative value for safe bearing pressure
of bearing rock strata
=
250.00 KN
Total Load at Serviceability`Limit State
8,567.83 KN
Area of Base
34.27 m2
Length of base
Based on the geometry of the bridge, the piers are spaced 6,500mm apart.
Considering the total width of the pier being 1,500mm, outer distance from one pier to
the other is 9,500mm. Allowing an edge distance of 1,000mm on either side of the pier,
the total pier foundation length
=
11.50 m
minimum width required
2.98 m
3.00 m
c.
d.
e.
359.97 KN/m2
6,209.48
2.10
8.00
2.10
1,079.91 KN/m
Span Length
19,385.730 KNm
8,000 mm
1,750.00 mm
width of base, bw
3,000.00 mm
Nature of Exposure
50.0 mm
reinforcement size, f
20.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
effective depth, d
Very Severe
=
effective width, b
1,678 mm
bw
3,000 mm
b.
1750 mm
a.
Design Moment
3,000.00 mm
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
1997
k
=
therefore, k
M/bdfcu
since k'
ii.
0.076
0.156
use z
c.
fcu
30 N/mm
0.906 d
0.906 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
410 N/mm
As
M/(0.87fy.Z)
Apply
35,741 mm
75
T 25
(As prov. =
Bottom
107
mm centres
36,816 mm)
Table A.7
0.13Ac/100
22
T 20
Apply
Mosley, Bungay
6,825.00 mm
Top
(A's prov.
136
mm centres
6,911.50 mm )
809.932 KNm
Span Length
3,000 mm
1,750.00 mm
width of base, bw
3,000.00 mm
Nature of Exposure
50.0 mm
reinforcement size, f
20.0 mm
stirrup diameter, t
12.0 mm
h - (d' + f/2 + t)
effective depth, d
Very Severe
=
effective width, b
1750 mm
a.
Design Moment
3,000.00 mm
1,678 mm
bw
3,000 mm
b.
clause 3.4.4.4
assume moment redistribution < 10%. This implies that k' = 0.156
BS8110:PART1:
i.
1997
k
=
therefore, k
M/bdfcu
since k'
ii.
z
use z
c.
fcu
0.003
0.156
30 N/mm
0.950 d
TENSILE REINFORCEMENT
fy
410 N/mm
As
M/(0.87fy.Z)
1,424 mm
As min
=
Apply
0.13Ac/100
22
T 20
(A's prov.
6,825.00 mm
Bottom & Top @
136
6,911.50 mm )
Shear Stress,uc
0.8 * fcu
0.88108 N/mm
4.38178 N/mm
Since uc << 0.8 * fcu it implies that the design is okay with respect to punching shear
ii.
=
V/bd
=
fcu
Checks:
iii.
iv.
0.8(fcu)
6,209 KN
1.234 N/mm
30 N/mm
a.
Compute 100As/(bvd)
b.
compute 400/d
c.
0.710
0.564 N/mm
if v < 0.5vc
b.
c.
1.234 N/mm
vc
0.564 N/mm
vc + 0.4 =
Asv/Sv = 0.4*bv/(0.87fyv)
Apply a
1.882
10 Leg stirrup
T 10
and Asv/Sv provided =
400 mm centres
1.963
fyv
410 N/mm
0.964 N/mm
1.00
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Date:december
Page
'04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
10.1
a.
LOADING
Dead loads, Gk
i.
ii.
=
=
0.2 * 24
0.3 * 19.60
(t * r soil)
=
=
4.80KN/m2
5.88KN/m2
iii.
Asphalt weight
23 * 0.05
1.15 KN/m2
Live loads, Qk
Qk
c.Design Loads,
n
=
=
=
10.2
CH. 8.5:
R.C. Design,
Mosley & Bungey
11.83 KN/m2
1.6 Qk
(1.6 *10.5 )
33.36 KN/m2
Lx
Ly
=
=
Ly/Lx
5.0m
9.60m
1.92
Table 3.15
The Four edges of the slab are
BS 8110: Part 1 discontinuous.
This implies that
Bsx
=
Bsy
=
10.3
+
+
1.4Gk
( 1.4 * 11.83 )
Table 3. 5
11.83 KN/m2
0.111
0.056
SPAN MMTS
5,000
Job No.
Designed
Era
Checked
Member
REF.
Date:december
Page
'04
CALCULATIONS
OUTPUT
BS 8110: Part 1
Msx
Bsx n. lx2
Msy
Bsx n. lx2
Msx
Msy
=
=
10.4
=
=
92.57KNm
46.70KNm
h
=
200mm
Bar Diameter
30N/mm2
fcu
fy
=
Conditions of exposure
=
Severe, ie
d'
and d
=
250 - 40 - 16/2
=
157mm
=
=
=
16mm
425N/mm2
30mm
Design moments
=
92.57KNm
( This moment is used to design the cantilever, supports and span, to allow for
ease in construction).
Clause 3.4.4.4
Assuming moment redistribution less than or equal to10%,
BS 8110:Part I:
k'
=
0.156
1985
M/bd2fcu
and
k
=
92.57 * 106 /(1000 *1572 * 30)
=
=
0.125
Since k is less than k',
No compression steel required
Therefore
Clause 5.3.2.3
Asx
Z/d
=
Msx/(0.87fyZ)
BS 5400:Part IV:
1990
Asx
0.924
.
92.57 * 106/(0.87 * 425 * 0.83 * 157 )
1,921.25mm2
Msy/(0.87fyZ)
REINFORCEMENT
1 Provide T20 at 200 mm c/c in the X - X direction ( Bottom)
2,090mm2
Asx =
2 Provide T16 at 250 mm c/c in the Y - Y direction ( Bottom)
1,260mm2
Asx =
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT
Job No.
Era
Designed
Checked
Page
OUTPUT