Operating Instructions

Fluid bed dryer

1. Principle of the Fluid Bed Dryer
The air stream, induced by the fan
(2) in the upper part of the cabinet,
passes through the air heater (7)
and the pre-filter (9). After the heat-
ing has been completed, the purif-
ied, hot air passes through the pro-
duct container (43) from bottom to
top, by which means the product is
brought to the fluidised state. The
Nylon filter set (39) which follows in
sequence prevents any carry-over
of the product. When drying pro-
ducts with a relatively high contents
of water (above 20/o), the air is
almost completely saturated with
water steam after having passed
the product once. This air is blown
into the atmosphere by means of an
outgoing air channel. When drying
products with a low contents of
water, the outgoing air may be re-
added to the fresh air by installing
a recirculating air flap.
2. Connection of the Fluid Bed Dryer
a) General
It is essential that the building floor
on which the dryer shall be placed,
is level; it is not necessary to prov-
ide for a floor fastening. However,
it is recommended to lay a plate of
5-10 mm thickness underneath the
dryer in order to avoid that the rub-
ber sealing fixed to the lower part
of the door pushes the dust lying
on the floor into the cabinet when
closing the door. The inlet and out-
let air ducts should be led into the
open air on the shortest way pos-
sible and the bends be reduced to
a minimum. In order to avoid too
big air resistances, it is advisable
to increase the cross section of the
duct by 1,2 to 1,5 times of the sok-
ket of the cabinet. If several drying
units are placed side by side, the
inlet and outlet air ducts have to be
fixed separately for each drying
unit.
It is very important to check the
direction of rotation of the fan mo-
tor by comparing it with the direct-
ion arrow fixed on the motor. The
air volume will decrease by at least
40 to 50/o if the direction of rotat-
ion is not correct. The dryer must
be grounded at some point.
If the fan blade, which is balanced
electro-dynamically, is supplied in
unfixed condition, it is important
that this blade is protected against
shocks. It has to be fitted carefully
AEROMATIC LTD.
Technical Air Installations
and Apparatus
Farnsburgerstrasse 6
4132 Muttenz-Basle (Switzerland)
Phone (061) 53 21 88
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onto the motor shaft by means of
turning a screw into the provided
thread.
For mending small colour damages,
perhaps occuring during transport,
a small quantity of paint is attached
to each dryer.
For the dryer model ST 200 the
rubber sealing (24) supplied with
the dryer has to be jammed in bet-
ween the flanges (66). The rods
(52) are to be fixed to the lever
(105) by means of a bolt (38) and
the rods (45) to the lever (106).
b) Connection of steam
The control valve (34) has to be
installed outside the dryer into the
steam feed line (32) at a place eas-
ily accessible. If space is too small
between the backwall of the dryer
and the building wall, this valve
may also be fitted at the side wall
of the dryer as per Fig. 5. The cont-
rol valve is protected against dirt
by means of an easily accessible
dirt collector (33). A hand release
valve (31) has to be installed in the
steam duct before the control valve.
It is recommended to shut this valve
when interrupting drying for a lon-
ger time.
c) Electrical connection
The inlet cables leading from the
network to the electrical switch box
are to be connected with the term-
inals RST 0 and E according to
Fig. 16 for the electrically heated
apparatus and according to Fig. 17
for the steam heated dryer. RST
are the three outer conductors, 0
is the central conductor and E the
earth wire. If the switch box is
fitted outside the working room, the
following connections from the ap-
paratus to the switch box have to
be effected:
In case of direct starting (ST 15) a
four pole cable from the terminals
UVWat the fan motor contactor
and 0 or E at the terminal board
to the corresponding terminals at
the fan motor according to the loc-
al prescriptions. In case of a star-
delta starter (ST 30, ST 60, ST 100,
ST 200) a seven pole cable from
the terminals UVWZXY at the fan
contactor and 0 or E at the term-
inal board to the corresponding
terminals at the fan motor.
In case of a steam heated dryer the
magnet steam valve (34) has to be
connected to the terminals a and c.
In case of electrically heated dryers
connections have to be effected
from the terminals U1 V1 W1 U2V2
W2 ... etc. (according to the num-
ber of the heating contactors) at
the heating contactors to the ac-
cordingly marked terminals in the
terminal box mounted on the top of
the dryer. There must also lead an
earth wire from the terminal box to
the earth wire terminal in the switch
box. When having an automatic
shaker the shaker motor has to be
connected with a four pole cable
to the contactor with the terminal
mark UaVaWa and to the terminal
board 0 or E.
The signal (26) must be connected
to the terminals a and d too. Finally
one end of the self safety control
line (103) has to be inserted in the
plug (104) on the top of the dryer
and the other end in the socket of
the switch box.
Attention: The self-safe control line
has to be laid separately, i.e. with
a distance of at least 20 cm, on ac-
count of inductive effects by the
remaining lines.
The corresponding actuating tens-
ion is always 220 volts and has to
be protected externally to 6 A. The
feeding wires have to be connected
to the terminals a b in the electrical
switch box as per Fig. 16 or 17. Is
no actuating tension of 220 volts
available, the customer has to prov-
ide for a transformer. The capacity
of the transformer is calculated as
follows: Amount of power input of
all magnet coils multiplied by 0,5.
The power input of the single mag-
net coils is as follows:
a) Motor starters:
Typ DSL 10=65 VA
Typ DSL 310=130 VA
Typ DSL 330=320 VA
Typ DSL 350=840 VA
Typ DSL 359=840 VA
b) Heating contactors:
Typ DSL 30=160 VA
3. Operation:
a) Before the drying process
1. Filling in of the product into the
product container (43). The filled
in material shall immediately be
dried and shall not remain in the
dryer in undried condition.
2. Pushing in of the container into
the dryer cabinet.
3. Fastening of the container by
means of turning the lever (44).
4. In case of dryers with earthing
basket the plug (41) of the earth-
ing cable (40) has to be conn-
ected to the plug coupling (37).
5. Setting of the temperature at the
potentiometer (29).
6. Setting of the drying time at the
timer (25).
7. Setting of the recirculating air
flap (5) by means of the handle
(16). (The recirculating air flap is
not standard and is installed at
special request only. When dry-
ing products with a low moisture
contents, a larger volume of re-
circulating air may be added to
the fresh air, whereas in case of
products with a high degree of
moisture, a smaller volume of re-
circulating air may be added).
When drying products contain-
1. Shake off the filter set (39). In
case of an automatic shaker,
press the button (48) and switch
off the shaker motor by pressing
button (49) after about 10 sec-
onds.
2. Lower the product container by
turning the lever (44).
3. Drive out and discharge cont-
ainer (43).
4. Protection against explosions
(see Fig. 20).
a) Explosion panels in the back- or
side wall of the dryer
All our dryers are equipped with
explosion panels (71) as additional
safety devices which serve the pur-
pose to have the explosion pressure
escape in case an explosion should
arise. The panels consist of a sheet
steel frame, one or several easily
movable polyester flaps, complete
rubber sealing and various hinges.
Owing to the low-pressure in the
dryer the flaps are pressed against
the rubber sealing during the dry-
ing process. They open instantly in
a time of about 0,1 sec. when the
slightest over-pressure occurs. It has
to be observed that the dryer is
possibly placed towards an outer
wall and that a channel (20),pos-
sibly without bends and leading in-
to the atmosphere, is fixed to the
frame.
b) Device for eliminating electros-
tatic charges
The earthing baskets (42 and 76) in-
stalled in the material container
serve the purpose to eliminate elec-
trostatic charges. The elimination
of the charges in the filter set is
effected via the wire rope (24) to
the mass of the cabinet.
c) Earthing control device
The earthing control device (75)
allows the setting to work of the
dryer only then when a conductive
connection is effected between the
grounding basket (42) and the mass
of the cabinet. The electronic ex
control block (94) does therefore
not only serve for the self safety
but also as earthing control device.
ing alcohol or solvents, it is un- 2
der no circumstances permitted
to add recirculating air to the
fresh air.
8. Press the starter button (22).
9. Slowly open the air control flap
(3) by turning the lever (15) until
the product fluidises. Should the
product not fluidise, the air flap
has to be opened and closed
quickly a few times.
10. After the time set at the timer
has expired, the fan switches off
automatically.
b) After the drying

10 21
Fig. 6 Type STd
10 21
Fig. 4 Type STe
10 21
Fig. 1 Type STd

Fig. 2 Type STe

Fig. 3 Type STd
69

34 33 31
Fig. 5

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Fig. 8 ST - 30

Fig. 9 ST - 60
Fig. 10 ST -100

Fig. 11 ST - 200
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5

Fig. 12
Fig. 13

Fig. 14
Fig. 15

d) Explosion-proof electrical
instruments
All electrical operating instruments
are self safe and consequently ex-
plosion proof. This is achieved by
connecting them to a self safe cir-
cuit and therefore the current flow-
ing through them is so minimum
that no inflammable sparks can ar-
ise. The control elements, contact-
ors and starters in the electrical
switch box (28) are non-explosion-
proof. If the dryer is installed in a
working room where all electrical
parts are explosion proof, this
switch box has to be mounted out-
side this working room.
5. Mounting and dismounting of the
Nylon filter set
a) Common multi sleeved type filter
The single filter sleeves (39) are
first hung up in the loops of the
ring (6) and then fastened to the
filter bag frame (4) by means of a
stretch band (80); see Fig. 4. The
shaking off of the filter set is effec-
ted by moving the lever (17) a few
times. The dismounting of the filter
is effected in reverse sequence.
b) Ex-filter (see Fig. 20)
The Nylon filter bag (39) is put over
the grounding matrix (76) outside
the dryer (see Fig. 14), whereupon
the two nuts (50) are to be tight-
ened (see Fig. 13). Then, the lower
part of the bag is turned up by
about 20 cm and fastened to the
corresponding loops (56).The comp-
lete set is then placed on the filter
bag frame (4) and inserted in the
plug coupling (85) (see Fig. 16).
Now the loops are loosened again
and the lower part of the filter let
down. The fixation of the filter in
the plug coupling is then effected
by inserting the bolt (84) (see Fig.
17). After the filter has been fixed,
it is lifted by pulling down the
handle (86) and clamped automatic-
ally in the catching device (87) (see
Fig. 18). Finally the cylindrical part
of the filter is fixed to the filter bag
frame (4) by means of the steel
band (80) (see Fig. 19). The stretch-
ing of the filter is effected by pull-
ing out the clamping bolt (88).
When dismounting the filter, the
shaker lever (17) has to be pulled
down and the clamping bolt (88)
inserted. Then, the toggle lock of
the steel band of the filter is loos-
ened and the lower part of the filter
turned up again and fastened to
the loops. Hereupon, the handle (78)
has to be pulled down with one
hand, whereas the other hand has
to hold the whole filter set at the
handle (86) at the same time. It is
important to hold the filter set,
otherwise it my fall down on the
container. Now the complete set
may slowly be let down on the fil-
ter bag frame. The clamping bolt
(84) is pulled out and the filter can
be removed from the plug coupling.
By pulling down the lever (17) sev-
eral times, the dust accumulated in
the filter will be shaken off.
6. Description of the electrical
installation
The electrical installation consists
of:
a) Instrument panel (57) having the
following instruments installed:
1 timer (25) for setting the drying
time
1 Potentiometer (29) for setting
the drying temperature
2 push buttons On-Off (22 and
23) for actuating the motor
thermometer (13) for indicating
the inlet air temperature
1 thermometer (14) for indicating
the outgoing air temperature
b) 1 AC motor (1) for driving the
blower fan
c) Electrical heating: a number of
heating elements
Steam heating: a control valve
(34) for steam injection
d) Additional switching elements:
temperature feeler (21) (measur-
ing of resistance by means of
nickel spiral), 2 excess tempera-
ture fuses (bi-metal switch item
12), 1 excess temperature safety
fuse (8 - for increased safety air
heater only)
e) Switch box (28) with:
1 star-delta starter for actuating
the fan motor (dryer model ST
15 for direct starting). The spe-
cification of the models of the
contactors, the size of fuses
and the setting value of the
over current relais are to be
taken of the diagrams Fig. 16
and 17.
1 to 18 heating contactors for
switching on and off the heat-
ing elements of the electrical
air heater. The number of the
heating contactors and the size
of the corresponding fuses may
be seen out of the diagram
Fig. 16.
Various safety elements (92).
Number and size according to
capacity.
1 assistant contactor for the swi-
tching on of the heating cont-
actors (only necessary for the
electrically heated dryer)
1 electronic temperature control
block (93) for temperature cont-
rol
1 electronic ex control block (94)
for effecting the self-safety
1 electronic ex control block (95)
for effecting the self-safety (in-
stalled only when automatic
shaker fitted)
1 electronic modulator (74) for
eliminating the control-inaccur-
acy affected by the heating
capacity of the air heater (for
steam or hot water heating only).
Functioning of the electrical install-
ation:
The drying time, determined by tests,
is set for each individual product at
the timer (25) on the instrument pa-
nel (57). Thus, the self-safe control
circuit is closed and the installation
ready for operation, i.e. by actu-
ating the push-button (22) the dryer
is set to work. After the drying time
set has expired, the control circuit
92
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Fig. 18
Fig. 19
is interrupted and the dryer is out
of operation. One electronic ex
control block serves to effect the
self-safety mentioned and actuates
the corresponding contactors. Also
on the instrument panel (57) a pot-
entiometer (29) is installed for the
temperature control. This potent-
Ilt
eter forms a bridge switching
eth e r with the temperature feeler
(21) and three precision resistances
contained in the electronic control
block. When the set drying temper-
ature is exceeded, i.e. when the
nickel spiral of the feeler reaches
a certain resistance value, the elec-
trical bridge is equilibrated and the
steam shut-off valve switched off
or the circuit of the heating cont-
actors interrupted. In the reverse
sequence, when the drying temp-
erature falls below the set value,
this electric bridge is tuned off and
the steam valve switched on again
and the circuit of the heating cont-
actors closed respectively again. An
electronic temperature control block
serves to strengthen the exremely
low bridge tension; consequently it
actuates the corresponding cont-
actors.
In cases where the thermal inertia
of the air heater owing to strong
temperature increases above the
set value is perceptible (in cases
of steam-heating only), the air he-
ater has to be fed intermittently
3 ith energy during the heating-up
period. The effect of this feeding is
ascertained in intervals by the temp-
erature control block (93). A so-
called electronic modulator serves
to remove the control inaccuracy
caused by the heating capacity of
the air heater.
Setting of the modulator
(see Fig. 21)
The modulator is set in the supplier's
workshop on account of values ga-
thered by experience. Owing to the
variety of the heating systems being
applied, it may perhaps be neces-
sary to adjust the modulator esp-
ecially when during operation too
big a temperature fluctuation is be-
ing registered. The adjusting is done
as follows:
a) Higher setting of temperature
above the nominal value:
The screw slit (79) of the trim-
potentiometer (82) has to be
turned in counter-clockwise dir-
ection. If this is of no use, the
screw slit (83) of the trim-pot-
entiometer (81) has to be turned
in clockwise direction.
b) Inferior setting of temperature
below the nominal value:
The screw slit (79) has to be
turned in clockwise direction, and
the screw (83) in counter-clock-
wise direction respectively.
A quickly acting resistance thermo-
meter has to be fitted beside the
feeler (21) for the temperature cont-
rol. For your guidance, the trim-pot-
entiometer (82) influences the in-
jection time, the trim-potentiometer
(83) the intervals.
The excess temperature safety fuse
This fuse is formed by the bi-metal
switches (8 and 12) which are ar-
ranged in the air stream before and
after the air heater and on the
electrical heating elements respect-
ively (for increased safety air hea-
ters only). These bi-metal switches
are an additional safety for excess
of temperature in case any action
of the control elements should fail;
in such case they interrupt the self-
safe control circuit. When the temp-
erature falls below the admissible
temperature, the control circuit will
be closed automatically again and
by pressing the button "on (22)
reset in operation.
Explanation to the electrical wiring
diagrams
The electrical switch box may be
affixed to the dryer only when the
entire electrical installation of the
working room is not of explosion-
proof nature; otherwise this box
must be flushed through with comp-
ressed air or be fixed outside the
working room. If the dryer is not
equipped with an earthing control
device, the terminals 1 and 2 of the
instrument panel are to be bridged
over.
a) to Fig. 16
This drawing shows the current
running plan of an electrically
heated dryer. For the dryer model
STe-15 the connexions X, Y and
Z are omitted, because the fan
motor is started directly. If no
automatic shaker mechanism is
installed, the starter (96), the ex-
control block (95) and the instru-
ment panel (27) are omitted as
well as the signal lamp. The num-
ber of the heating contactors
(91) depends on the heating cap-
acity as well as on the working
tension (1 to 18 pieces).
b) to Fig. 17
This drawing shows the current
running plan of a steam-heated
dryer. For the dryer model STd-
15 the connexions X, Y and Z
are omitted, because the fan
motor is started directly. If no
automatic shaker mechanism is
installed, the starter (96), the ex
control block (95) and the ins-
trument panel (27) are omitted.
Any breakdowns that may arise
Under normal conditions, the heat-
ing contactors and the starter do
not require special maintenance.
When operating properly, the swit-
ching on and off is audible as a
slight stroke. If the contactors rattle
considerably, either the actuating
voltage deviates too much from the
voltage of the bobbins (deviations
of 10 0/0 admissible), or the mov-
able elements at the contactors are
hindered from working properly. It
is also possible that accumulation
of dust may cause this chattering.
In case of a breakdown of the elect-
rical unit first of all it must be
checked whether the heat bundle
of the starter (red button) has an
electrical passage (terminals 95 and
96) and whether the grounding bas-
ket (42) is by means of the cable
in connection with the instrument
panel (57). If the breakdown is still
not overcome, the bi-metal switches
have to be checked as to contact
and the temperature feeler as to
resistance (about 30 Ohm). Only
after all these points have been
checked, the circuit has to be
checked, beginning with the motor,
heating, contactors. Please see also
the attached wiring diagram in this
connection (16 and 17).
7. Automatic shaker mechanism
(see Fig. 23)
With the dryer model ST 200 the
shaking off of the filter bags is
effected automatically. The automa-
tic shaker may also be incorporated
in the dryer models ST 30 through
100.
The shaker arm (53) is actuated by
the eccentric (54), resting on the
shaft of the gear motor (67), and is
pulled up resp. back by the spring
(61). The eccentric (54) runs on the
friction roll (63) in the direction of
rotation indicated by the arrow.
Fig. 22
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_____-- 847776
88
78
86
56
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82
79
81
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Fig. 20
24
42
40
43
37 41
46
17
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Fig. 24
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39
Fig. 23
When the shaker arm (53) recoils,
the friction roll (63) shall not stroke
onto the eccentric (54), but the
shaker arm (53) onto the specially
provided rubber buffer (64). The
rubber buffer may be put in the
proper position by adjusting the
fastening angle (65). If the single
tubes of the filter set (39) should
not stretch sufficiently or cannot
be inserted or taken out easily, the
height of the bag ring (6) may be
adjusted by means of the threaded
rod (68). If the shaker arm (53) is
not pulled upwards sufficiently high
enough, the spring (61) may be
stretched more strongly by turning
the clamping device (62).
The switching on of the automatic
shaker device is effected by push-
ing the button (48) installed in the
special instrument panel (27), and it
is switched off by pushing the but-
ton (49). The signal lamp (26) flu-
shes during the shaking procedure.
8. Maintenance of the dryer
The inlet air filter (9) should be
spray-washed by water approximat-
ely every two or three months dep-
ending on the amount of dirt and
should be replaced after about one
year. If constantly the same gran-
ular material is being dried, the
filter sets (39) are to be washed
approximately every two weeks
(temperature max. 60C). The ret-
aining screen of the material cont-
ainer (43) shall be cleaned period-12
ically. For the maintenance of
the motor, please use the general
operating instructions of the motor
suppliers. According to the content
of lime in the steam the magnet
valve has to be decalcified by dipp-
ing in Brindizin about every year.
In order to keep the rubber gaskets
flexible at the doors, explosion
panels, divider panels and frames,
it is recommended to smear the
same periodically with glycerin. The
bolts of the hinges of the explosion
panels should always be well lubric-
ated. It is essential to check per-
iodically the proper function of the
explosion panels by lifting the pan-
els away from the framing.
Packaging Processing
Bid on Equipment
1-8 4 7 -68 3-7 7 20
www. bid-on-equipment. com
Key:
1 AC motor
2 blower fan
3 air control flap
4 filter bag frame
5 re-circulating air flap
6 bag ring
7 air heater
8 excess temperature safety fuse
9 inlet air filter
10 feeler to inlet air thermometer
11 feeler to outgoing air thermo-
meter
12 excess temperature safety fuse
13 inlet air thermometer
14 outgoing air thermometer
15 lever to air control flap
16 lever to re-circulating air flap
17 lever to shaking device
18 door
19 sight glass
20 expansion channel
21 resistance feeler
22 push-button on fan
23 push-button off fan
24 wire rope
25 timer for drying time
26 signal lamp
27 instrument panel
28 electric switch box
29 potentiometer
30 air inlet
31 hand release valve
32 steam inlet
33 dirt collector
34 control valve
35 steam trap
36 condensate drain
37 plug coupling
38 bolt with snap ring
39 Nylon filter set
40 grounding cable
41 plug
42 grounding basket
43 material container
44 lever to trolley
45 lever rods
46 trolley
47 scale for re-circulating air flap
48 push-button on shaker
49 push-button <off shaker
50 nut
51 air outlet
52 connection lever to control flap
53 shaker arm
54 eccentric disk
55 screws
56 loops
57 instrument panel
58 rubber bearing
59 hinges to explosion flaps
60 pillow block
61 spiral spring
62 stretcher
63 friction roll
64 rubber buffer
65 angle
66 flange
67 gear motor
68 threaded rod
69 flange to steam duct
70 return pulley
71 explosion panel
72 flange
73 grounding duct
74 modulator
76 Ex filter matrix
77 pointer to re-circulating air flap
78 handle
79 screw-slit
80 steel band
81 trim-potentiometer
82 trim-potentiometer
83 screw slit
84 stopping bolt
85 plug coupling
86 handle
87 catching device
88 stopping
90 starter for fan motor
91 heating contactor
92 safety element
93 electronic temperature control
block
94 electronic ex control block
95 electronic ex control block to
automatic shaker
96 starter for shaker motor
97 terminal
98 multi-polar plug to 103
99 terminal board
100 connection with grounding
basket
101 connection with excess temper-

ature safety fuse (8 and 12)

102 connection to temperature
feeler (21)
103 self-safe control line
104 plug to 103
105 lever
106 lever
Technical data
ST-15ST-30
P
/

/

/

f
is-T-150.200
ST 2t(
35
cD
K
- Dimensions
1111%
BCDEF GH
ST-15 965 745 200 550 715 788 790 '1993
ST-30 1184 884 300 720 765 834 790 1972
ST-60 1644 1154 470 1000 820 890 790 2252
'ST-100 18 5 4 15 4 5 600 1200 923 990 7 90 24 5 2
ST. -1'50 2308 17 20 7 00 14 5 0 1000 107 5 7 90 2663
ST-200 27 16205 6 8 00 17 00 97 3 1204 1217 2969
filling weight of humid product in kgs 15-2230-45
drying time in mins.20-5020-50
R. P. M. of fan 29002900
air volume in m3/min1530
Static pressure in mm WS300300
capacity of container in litres 90175
motor power in HP35,5
heating capacity:a) steamheated in kcal/h900031 000
- b) electrically heated in KW10,8 39,6
heating up of air from 'C to '0+15 to 50 10 to 50
D
0 View of rear wali of dryer
0 steam connection
0 condensate connection
0 exhaust air
10 supply air
ST-60 ST-100 ST-15 0 ST-200
60-90 100-15 0 15 0-225 200-3,20
20-5 0 20-5 0 20-5 0 20-5 0
2900 14 60 14 5 0 14 5 0
60 100 15 0 200
300 300 300 300
38 0 5 8 0 7 7 0 1130
12 20 . 27 35
62000 100. 000, 15 0000 200000
7 5 ,6 126
10 to 5 0 10 , to 5 0, , 10 to 5 0 10 to 5 0
H1 J K L M NOP Q R
2285 700 71 893 1293 83 123 58 880 140
2402 755 117 939 1339 89 189 62 1019 184
2880 1095 102 995 1395 146 296 70 1289 284
3110 1095 1851095 1495 128 228 70 1730 310
3307 1470 150 1180 1580 206 431 70 1905 400
3630 1470 273 1405 1805 253 503 67 2241 650
Packaging - Processing
Bid on Equipment
1-847-683-7720
www.bid-on-equipment.com