MUHAMAD HAFIZ BIN MOHD SALLEH 2013273824 EMD5M9A

DISCUSSION



At the end of the welding process, the base metal with straight weld bead is form by using Gas
Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) process. The main objectives of this practical is to investigate the
defect and quality of welding bead due to changes in welding such as voltage (V), current (A),
and welding speed (m/min). All the apparatus of welding process are well prepared by
university. Here, the welding machine model that has been used in this practical is KEMPPI
MINARC MIG ADAPTIVE 18. This machine is supply with 17 - 40 V power supply. The others
apparatus that have been used in this practical are thin plate of mild steel, carbon dioxide (CO
2
)
and Argon gases.

Based on the result on the base metal which is the weld bead, there are several weld
defects that can be inspect based on the visual. One of the defects is spatter. The possible causes
are incorrect welding parameter, incorrect welding polarity, poor quality filler material, and
shielding gas coverage and type. This can been seen at all 3 weld bead. The actions that can be
taken to correct the problem are adjusted the welding parameters, change polarity, and change
coverage and type. It also can be minimizing by check filler material and storage condition
before start the welding process.

The others defect that can been seen on the weld bead is excessive weld metal. This is
because of too much filler metal in relation to the weld welding speed, and electrode diameter
too large. This defect can be seen at the bottom weld bead. The steps can be taken to improve the
defect are increase travel speed or reduce the amount of filler metal during welding. Before start
the welding process selects and identifies the proper electrode diameter that suit for the material
that what to be weld.





MUHAMAD HAFIZ BIN MOHD SALLEH 2013273824 EMD5M9A
Next, the defect that can be detect or visualize on the weld bead is lack of fusion. The
defects occur perhaps of the several causes which is incorrect arc power and welding speed too
high. Besides that, it also can occur when welding vertical down and asymmetrical aiming of arc.
It can be seen at the upper of weld bead. The prevention steps that can be taken on this defect are
increase the arc power and adjust welding speed which is used the suitable power and speed that
is recommended. Weld vertical up and change the arc angle also can be improve the defect of
lack of fusion.

The defect that can be visualized on the weld bead is porosity. The porosity can be occur
if the base metal is moisture and have a contaminated material. It also can be occurs if weld
through primer thickness and have problem with shielding gas. This defect can be seen at all 3
weld bead. It occurs at the end of the weld bead. The solution that can be use to overcome this
problem are ensure the weld piece and filler wire is dry before start the welding process. Then,
make sure check gas type and coverage and also check manufacturing specification.

All the defects can be minimizing if the correct methods have been used during the
welding process. The usual problems that occur during the welding process are cause of the lack
of individual skills. The method that can be use to prevent this problem is by get a training from
the expert person. Besides that, the individual needs more of practice and skill about the welding
process. The other solution that can be use is by using the robotic welding machine in order to
get a good result. All the defect can been seen in Figure .