1

Analytical Solution for the Development of pipe Fitted On another Pipe (shell).

Let
X Be the offset distance
D Be the diameter & R be the radii of major circle
d Be the diameter & r be the radii of minor circle

From the geometry of the Figure (OP01)

AA' = X + r ---- 1
CC ' = X − r ---- 2
AA’ = R Sin a ---- 3
CC’ = R Sin c ---- 4
From equations 1, 2, 3 & 4

We get

( X + r)
Sin a = ---- 5
R

( X − r)
Sin c = ---- 6
R
Figure (OP01)
Maximum Height of Profile:

From ∆ s O1AA’ & O1CC’

We have,
IE W
LV
NA
IO
CT
R 2 − (x − r)
2
O1C = ---- 7 SE

R − (x + r)
2 2
O1A = ---- 8

H = O1C - O1A FRONT VIEW L.H.S. VIEW

R 2 − (x − r) R − (x + r)
2 2 2
H= - ---- 9

( D / 2) 2 − {x − (d / 2)} - ( D / 2) 2 − {x + (d / 2)}
2 2
H=

Figure (OP02)

Height of Profile at any angle turned along the circumference of minor circle:
 2

Now let point p be moving along periphery consider at an instant point p is at P (i.e. line
OP making an angle ϕ from
positive x-axis

< P O2M’ = ϕ

Distance traveled by the

point from the start (i.e.
point M) will be given as Arc
length PM

From the geometry of the

Figure (OP03)
ϕπ
Arc PM = ×r = x
180
Or
x × 180 360 x
ϕ = = Figure (OP03)
π ×r π ×d

360 x
ϕ = Deg. ---- 10
π ×d

Projecting point P on the curve C’A’ which meats at B’ on the curve, drop a perpendicular from
point B’ on the vertical central axis of major circle intersects at B.

Length BB’ = X + O2M’

BB’ = X + r cos ϕ ---- 11

From ∆ O1BB’
O1B = R Cos b ---- 12

R − (X + r cos ϕ )
2 2
O1B = ---- 13

From equations 11 & 12

We find,

( X + r cos ϕ ) ⎡ ( X + r cos ϕ ) ⎤
Sin b = ⇒ b= Sin-1 ⎢ ⎥⎦ ---- 14
R ⎣ R

Let height of profile at the instant when point is at P be hp

hp = O1C – O1B

Substituting the values of O1C & O1B from equation 7 & 13

R − (X − r) R − (X + r cos ϕ )
2 2 2 2
hp = –
 3

In terms of diameters

( D / 2) 2 − {X − (d / 2)} - ( D / 2) 2 − {X + (d / 2) cos ϕ }
2 2
hp =

If pipe is fitted normally on the shell

X =0

Then above equation becomes,

hp =
1
[ D2 − d
2
- D 2 − d 2 cos 2 ϕ ]
2

Values of the angles a,b & c can be calculated from the equations 5, 6 & 14...

Limitation

1. The value of X should not be less than r