DIRECTED WRITING (35 marks)

FORMAT 3 marks
CONTENT 12 marks
LANGUAGE 20 marks
FORMAT:
1. ARTICLE
OUR HERO
! A"#$a
.................... %#s&#$' &#m a"" (&) )s( *+r &#s *,(,r)-
W)"" .+$) /+&$0
F1
Title
F2
Writers name
F3
Ending
(wish/hope)
2. !R"AL LETTER
C+$s,m)r C",1
2M3 3,a$(a$1
25000 3,a$(a$-
T&) Ma$a')r1
23F Ma"a!s#a 2.$- 4&.-1
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52000 3,a"a L,m7,r-
03 Mar8& 2015
D)ar s#r# ( !$L% &'E T(I')
9ERMI22ION TO :I2IT ;OUR FACTOR;
;+,rs *a#(&*,""!# (!$L% &'E T(I')
David
Da<#. Ta$
C+$s,m)r C", 2)8r)(ar! ('TATE %!&R $A"E A$) *!'
F1
'enders
+
Re,ipients address
F2
)ate
+
'al-tation ()ear
sir)
F3
Title
+
'igning o.
(%o-rs /aith/-ll0)
1. I$!R"AL LETTER
1231 Tama$ A4C1
25000 3,a$(a$-


D)ar A(#"#a# (name)
;+,r *r#)$.1 ()! $!T &'E %o-rs /aith/-ll0)
Betty
F1
'enders address
F2
'al-tation ()ear
name)
F3
'igning o.
2. RE*!RT
T+: Mr L))
9r#$8#7a"
2M3 3,a$(a$
RE9ORT ON THE 2CHOOL 29ORT2 E=UI9MENT
F1
To
F2
Title
(RE*!RT !$..)
F3
R)7+r(). !1
L))
LEE LI LI
2)8r)(ar!
27+r(s C+mm#(())
rom
(Reported 30
+ name
+ post)
4. '*EEC(

G++. m+r$#$' ........
I am going to gi5e a spee,h entitled >H)a"(&!
L#*)s(!")? #$ a88+r.a$8) +* W+r".@s H)a"(& Da! 6
......... T&a$k !+,.
F1
7reetings (7ood
morning)
F2
'pee,h title + p-rpose
F3
Ending (Than8 0o-)
MAR3ING CRITERIA FOR DIRECTED WRITING
MAR
3
RAN
GE
LANGUA
GE
2ENTENC
E
2TRUCTU
RE
:OCA4U
LAR;
9UNCTUATI
ON
29ELLIN
G
9ARAGRA
9H2
TO9IC A
INTERE2T
2T;LE A
TONE
A
1BC
20
Entirel0
a,,-rate
9aried +
sophisti,a
ted
Wide +
pr:,ised
A,,-rate +
help/-l
A,,-rate Well;
planned +
lin8ed
Consistent
rele5an,e#
aro-sed +
s-stained
Appropriat
e
4
1DC
1E
A,,-rate 'ome
5ariation
Wide
eno-gh
Almost
alwa0s
a,,-rate
$earl0
a,,-rate
'ome -nit0
+ lin8ed
Rele5ant #
aro-sed +
s-stained
'atis/a,to
r0
C
13C
15
Largel0
a,,-rate
'imple
str-,t-re
Ade<-ate 7enerall0
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7enerall
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'ome -nit0 "onotono-s $ot
s-stained
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10C
12
'-=,ien
tl0
a,,-rate
*at,hes o/
,larit0
La,8 o/
pre,ision
7enerall0
,orre,t
Errors
o,,-r
La,8 o/
planning
La,8 o/
li5eliness
$ot
appropriat
e
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6CB
"eaning
is ne5er
in do-3t
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is not
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Limited Errors o,,-r re<-ent
mista8es
La,8 -nit0 ail to
a,hie5e
$ot
appropriat
e
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5CD
"eaning
is /airl0
,lear
Impedes
the
reading
Errors
o,,-r
re<-ent
errors
(igh
densit0
o/ errors
La,8 o/
planning +
-nit0
ail to
a,hie5e
$ot
appropriat
e
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2C3
'ense
will 3e
de,ipher
a3le
ew
a,,-rate
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(igh
densit0 o/
errors
(igh densit0
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(igh
densit0
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ar short "a8e little
sense
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$one +
short
"a8e no
sense
$one
SEQUENCE CONNECTORS
FUNCTION Linking word
1a. Join similar ideas China is a big country ,and
;in addition,
;moreover,
;furthermore,
;besides
it has a large
population
1b. Join alternative
ideas
We could have dinner
at home
,or we could eat Sams
cafe
2. Give reason or
cause
e was punished because
since
he did not do his
homewor!
". Show contrast or
contradict ideas
e is hardwor!ing
is words are harsh
,but
;however,
,yet
;nevertheless,
his brother is la#y.
$ believe he is a good
man
Linking word
Although
Even though
Though
it was raining%
she is rich
they played tennis
outdoors.
She is not proud
Linking word
&hey played tennis
outdoors
although
even though
though
$t was raining
&hey went out despite
In spite of
the rain
the bad weather
'. $ntroduce
examles or
illustrations
&he country has
many
(white elephants
)esidential schools
provide various
facilities for the
students
because
since
; for example,
; for instance
the huge stadium and
the open*air theatre
are hardly ever used.
there is a library% a
gymnasium% a student
centre and a mos+ue
,. show e!!ect or
result
$t rained all yesterday ; as a result,
;consequently,
;therefore,
;thus,
;thereby,
;henceforth
;that is why,
,so
they had to postpone
the football match
Linking word
-. show time or
se"uence
After .fter the students went home% they fumigated
the school
As soon as .s soon as the man had regained consciousness%
he was given some water to drin!.
As long as /ou can stay here as long as you li!e
Before Wash your feet before you go to bed
hile e came while you were out
!ince $ have not seen her since $ moved to Singapore
"ntil 0o not go until you see the green light
#irst
Then
1irst% you beat the eggs. &hen you add some
sugar.
2. Reeat
in!ormation
$n fact
$n other words
3ucy seldom tal!s to her stepbrother. Similarly%
he stays in his room when shes around. $n fact%
they cannot stand the sight of each other.
4. 5a!e a conclusion
or summarisation
$n conclusion
&o conclude
&o sum up
$n conclusion% these dos and donts are the
!eys to achieving a healthy lifestyle that
promises better days ahead of us.
NOTES ON SO#E CO##ON LIN$ERS T%&T %&'E (EEN )RON*L+ USE,-
)RON* CORRECT
6esides that 6esides
7venthough 7ven though
0espite of 0espite
5ore over 5oreover
.lthough8888%but888888
88.
.lthough88888888%
88888888888.
9e:clusion of but;
$n the conclusion $n conclusion
$n the nutshell $n a nutshell
Connectors . Review Exercise
Similarit/0 similarly% li!ewise% <ust as8 so% as8 as% in the same way% e+ually% than.
Contrast0 is spite of% despite% although% though% even though% still % yet% however% nevertheless%
even so% on the one = other hand% on the contrary% while% whereas% in contrast% contrary to.
1. 0espite his car accident%
a. 5ar! is afraid of driving. b. 5ar! isnt afraid of driving.
2. $n spite of his +ualifications%
a. &om didnt get a promotion. b. &om got a promotion.
". We couldnt find a house to buy although
a. we loo!ed at +uite a few. b. we didnt loo! at that many.
'. We traveled south to 7ilat while our neighbors
a. traveled to 7ilat as well. b. went >orth to the Golan.
,. Just as ?eter loves opera%
a. $ cant stand it. b. so do $.
-. &he dress had a small stain on it% yet $
a. didnt buy it. b. still bought it.
2. @n the one hand% the city offers lots of entertainment% on the other hand it is
a. +uiet and boring. b. too noisy.
4. &his restaurant has a good reputation whereas the other one
a. does too. b. doesnt.
A. We arrived late at the hotel% however they
a. had !ept our rooms for us. b. hadnt !ept our rooms for us.
1B. Contrary to my husband who loves traveling% $
a. also en<oy traveling. b. prefer to stay at home.
11. $ne:perienced teachers are optimistic about adolescence. Similarly%
a. so are e:perienced parents. b. e:perienced parents are not.
Examle0 for e:ample% for instance% such as% li!e% e.g.
&ddition0 in addition% moreover% furthermore% as well as% not only8 but also% further% as well%
also% and.
1. Certain diseases are carried by insects% 888.. malaria and sleeping sic!ness.
a. moreover b. for e:ample c. in addition to
2. 1ootball is 6ritains national sport. 888.% over half a million people attend matches
every Saturday.
a. 1or e:ample b. 1urthermore c. $n addition to
". 8.. an increase in the number of cars on the roads% there has been an increase in the
number of traffic accidents.
a. $n addition to b. Such as c. 5oreover
'. Some languages% 8. 1rench and $talian% are based on 3atin.
a. besides b. as well as c. such as
,. >ewspapers offer the reader a wide variety of articles% 8. news% sport and financial
columns.
a. for instance b. such c. besides
Cause 1 Reason0 because 9of;% since% for% as% owing to% due to% stems from% in order to% in order
that% so that% so.
E!!ect 1 Result0 as a result% therefore% conse+uently% thus% hence% gives rise to% it follows that%
accordingly% lead to% bring about.
1. &he driver drove through a red light and was 8.. arrested.
a. owing to b. therefore c. moreover
2. 8. the increase in the number of road accidents% the government has organi#ed a
television campaign to persuade the public to drive more carefully.
a. 0ue to b. .lthough c. $n addition to
". She had a talent for design% 8.. she <oined a fashion company that ma!es clothes.
a. such as b. yet c. so
'. 8. the recent elections% a new mayor was chosen by the townspeople.
a. .s a result of b. $n order to c. 3i!e
,. She went to university 8. study medicine and become a doctor.
a. in order to b. conse+uently c. therefore
-. @ver*e:posure to the sun can cause s!in cancer. 8.% a protective sun cream should be
used.
a. 1urthermore b. Such as c. Conse+uently
2. 88 the hurricane% hundreds of homes were destroyed.
a. 0espite b. 6ecause of c. $n contrast to
Se"uence0 first of all% to begin with% first% firstly% second% secondly% ne:t% then% subse+uently%
finally% ultimately% previously.
1. When you decide on a trip abroad% 88 you should chec! that your passport is in order.
88 is to choose your destination and how you intend to get there.
a. first C &he ne:t stage b. firstly C 1inally c. therefore% Secondly
2. When we are loo!ing for a flat to buy we should 88 read the ads section in the paper. .
8. we must view as many flats as possible. 8888 if we find one that we li!e% we can
en+uire about buying it.
a. first C $n addition C &hen b. begin C &hirdly C &hen
c. initially C Secondly C 1inally
& *LI#2SE OF 2&SSI'E 'OICE
T3e assive voice ma/ use an/ tense o! t3e ver4 to be-
to 4e ast articile
It 1 T3e/ is = are
was = were
9present simple;
9past simple;
recommended
C3ange5s6 is being = are being
was being = were being
9present continuous;
9past continuous;
implemented
It 1 T3e/ has been = have been
had been
9present perfect;
9past perfect;
incorporated
It 1 T3e/ will be 9future; incorporated
Ex- 7- Turn t3e ver4s in t3e !ollowing sentences into t3e assive8 4ut do not c3ange t3e
tenses9T3e original su4:ect disaears 4ecause it is not imortant-
7.g.D Somebody fetched a chair for 5rs 5ya. EF . chair was fetched for 5rs 5ya.
1; &he students hardly involve in any sports competitions in this school.
2; 7veryone should practise healthy eating habits.
"; &hey usually do not ta!e brea!fast.
'; S!ipping morning meals causes gastritis.
,; Jose does not practise a healthy lifestyle.
-; 7verybody should +uit smo!ing.
2; Smo!ing silently !ills us.
4; &he students ta!es all 5r. Schumachers tips to be healthy for granted.
A; &hey should eat a lot of fish.
1B; &hey drin! tea with mil! at least five times a day.
11; We should drin! plenty of water every day to !eep us energetic all day long.
12; 5any prefer carbonated drin!s over plain water.
1"; &hey stopped the train between two stations.
1'; 0rin!ing plenty of water moisturises our s!in without fail.
1,; &hey ignore their health because of their hectic lifestyles.
1-; ?eople discussed the secrets of !eeping themselves young and healthy.
12; &he students disregard the importance of personal hygiene in their daily lives.
14; e has been practising a healthy lifestyle for +uite some time.
1A; aving a regular physical e:ercise optimises the health of our immune system .
2B; 0eprivation of sleep brings about an unhealthy body% mind and soul .
Ex- ; Fill in t3e 4oxes 4elow wit3 ver4s in t3e assive voice
&he purpose of this report is to assess the impact of globalisation on management accounting and
to outline changes which need to 9implement; as a response to globalisation. &he
report suggests that management accounting needs to focus on a range of information apart from
the financial% to ma!e more informed decisions.
$t 9argue; that% in the past% management accounting involved supplying figures to
organisations. owever% in the global mar!etplace% management accountants 9e:pect;
to actively facilitate decision*ma!ing and to assist in the management of transnational
corporations. $t 9further argue; that traditional management accounting techni+ues are
no longer relevant. )ather% concentration needs to 9give; to providing additional
benefits to organisations such as timely% +uality and focused information which can initiate
effective management action.
With rapid mar!et changes% constant cost control and +uality improvement% as well as meeting
customersG needs% are essential re+uirements of a management accountantGs portfolio. 1or this to
occur% it 9recommend; that all accountants familiarise themselves with these changes
and the subse+uent effects on management accounting. 1urthermore% consideration should also
9give; to how these changes could 9most efficiently implement; in
accounting wor!places.
9.dapted fromD ?.H.Cotesta% G.5.Crosling and .5. 5urphy% riting for Accounting !tudents%
1AA4% 6utterworths% .ustralia% p. 2-.;
SECTION &0 ,IRECTE, )RITIN*
9", mar!s;
I&ime suggestedD ', minutesJ
5any teenagers are under a lot of pressure. .s most of their time is either spent on studying or
attending tuition classes% they appear to suffer from stress. Write an article for your school
maga#ine on how they can overcome stress. Kse the points listed below.
7:ercise regularly
Get involved in games
Spend some time on hobbies
?lan a timetable
Study group
ave a balanced diet
Sleep at least eight hours a day
ow to study
?repare a chec!*list
.s! for advice
Spend time tal!ing to family
3isten to songs.
When writing the article% you should rememberD
to give it a title.
to give your name as a writer
to end it appropriately
to use all the information given
that your readers are secondary school students
>oteD
1or your article% you will receive up to 1, mar!s for the format and the content points% and up to
2B mar!s for the +uality of your writing.
)3at s3ould 4e done rior to writing t3e essa/<
Step 1D ,I'I,E the +uestion into T%REE parts
2&RT 70
5any teenagers are under a lot of pressure. .s most of their time is either
spent on studying or attending tuition classes% they appear to suffer from
stress. Write an article for your school maga#ine on how they can
overcome stress. Kse the points listed below.
Step 2D
%I*%LI*%T by
K>07)3$>$>G
1. format
2. audience
". issue
$urpose%
To help in
I&T'()"*T('+
paragraph
2&RT ;0
Ksing the notes below% write your report.
7:ercise regularly
Get involved in games
Spend some time on hobbies
?lan a timetable
Study group
ave a balanced diet
Sleep at least eight hours a day
ow to study
?repare a chec!*list
.s! for advice
Spend time tal!ing to family
3isten to songs
Step "D
IN,IC&TE
7; content points by
>K567)$>G them.
$urpose%
To get ,- mar.s for
content mar.s/
2&RT =0
When writing the article% you should rememberD
to give it a title.
to give your name as a writer
to end it appropriately
to use all the information given
Step 'D
Get %EL2 for by
K>07)3$>$>G .>0
$>0$C.&$>G them.
1. 11
2. 12
". 1"
'. C1 C C12
a-dien, /ormat Iss-e
1
2
1
2
4
>
?
@
A
11
1B
12
1
2
1
C1 C
that your readers are secondary school students $urpose%
To get 0 mar.s for
format mar.s/
T3e result-
%ow to Overcome Stress
(/0 #axmarra
>owadays% many teenagers are under a lot of pressure as most of their
time is either spent on studying or attending tuition classes. $f this problem
perpetuates% it will adversely affect their health and most probably% they will
L * 11
L * 12
suffer from emotional brea!down. &herefore% in order to relieve stress% there are
many ways and means that they can try and practise in their daily lives.
1irst of all% to channel stress in a positive way% t3e/ can do some
3/sical exercises regularl/ a!ter t3e/ 3ave !inis3ed stud/ing- &hey can
simply stroll along the beach% wal! bris!ly or go <ogging around the par!.
&hese activities will certainly leave them with a glow of satisfaction and
happiness after countless hours of intense revision and rigorous studies.
6esides% t3e/ can get involved in games t3at can kee t3eir 4odies 3ealt3/
and t3eir stress under control. $f they allocate some time playing games of
their interest during their free time% this will help them en<oy their lives to the
fullest. $t is without doubt that playing games is a form of rela:ation of body%
mind and soul that has been wor!ing miraculously well to curb stress among
people from all wal!s of life- Sending some time on 3o44ies is also a means
o! keeing stress at 4a/. 3ogically% if they do something that they are fond of%
it will certainly brighten their days even though they are faced with troubles
and obstacles.
$n addition to the above8 t3e/ can manage t3eir studies 4/ lanning a
timeta4le. The timetable that has been meticulously planned can help them
study well without feeling stressed and upset. &o enhance the comprehension of
the topic that they have learned% !orming a stud/ grou would 4ene!it t3em
t3e most. &his is because their lac. of understanding of the sub1ect matter
learned would be easily dealt with when all the group members actively
e:change ideas amongst themselves. .part from that% t3e/ s3ould 3ave a
4alanced diet. $t is very crucial for them to stay healthy so that they can absorb
!nowledge with ease/ They are also strongly advised to sleep at least eight
hours a day. Getting enough sleep is a must as it is responsible for rela:ing
body muscles after dedicating long hours to studies.
&o avoid unnecessary stress when studying, t3e/ must know 3ow to
stud/ in t3e !irst lace- $t is not a wise move if they spend most of their time
doing nothing e:cept studying for they will end up in a state of restlessness.
One o! t3e most exeditious wa/s to stud/ e!!ectivel/ is to reare a c3eck
L * C1
L * C2
L * C"
L * C'

L * C,
L * C-

L * C2
L * C4
L * CA
list- &he chec!*list is of paramount importance as it helps to set priorities right.
$n other words% they must do one thing at a time to !eep their mind calm and
focused when they are doing their wor!. &he other way is t3e/ can ask t3e
ones w3o er!orm excellentl/ in t3e examinations !or tis or advice. $ndeed%
these successful students could shed some light in their +uest for e:cellence in
academics.
.side from that% t3e/ can overcome t3eir ressure 4/ sending some
time talking to t3eir !amil/ mem4ers. >ot only does it strengthen the family
relationship yet it uplifts their spirit to pursue their dreams. Words of
encouragement and motivation from their loved ones will definitely wash away
their fear of failure and propel them even more towards the pinnacle of success.
3astly% stress can be eliminated by means of listening to songs. 5otivational
or inspiring songs have a profound impact on igniting their thirst for success
and educating them not to give in too easily as there is always a glee of rainbow
after every storm.
3aconically% we should never let stress ta!e its toll on us by following
the suggested measures above.
L * C1B
L * C11
L * C12
L * 1"
Note0
underlined words=phrases * connectors
italic phrases C passive voice
SECTION &0 ,IRECTE, )RITIN*
9", 5.)MS;
I&ime suggested D ', minutesJ
&he eatlh Club in your school is organi#ing a health campaign. .s the ?resident of the club%
you have been as!ed to write an article for your school newsletter on how to lead a healthy
lifestyle.
Ksing the notes below% write out your article
0os 0onts
7at healthily
*fruits and vegetables
*plenty of plain water
*never s!ip brea!fast
7:ercise
*2B minutes a day
*short wal!s
*ta!e stairs
6ad habits
*sleeping late
*smo!ing
*neglecting personal hygiene
When writing your article% you should rememberD
*to give a suitable title
*to give your name as a writer
*to provide an ending
*to use all the information given
*that your readers are secondary school students
>oteD
1or your article% you will receive up to 1, mar!s for the format and the content points% and up to
2B mar!s for the +uality of your writing
G,#.)"#$) *+r 2(,.)$(s
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D0E 66666666666666
The (ealth
Cl-366666666666666666666666666666666
1 C Title
2 C $ame
Introd-,tion
(/rom the
666
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6666666666666666666666666666666..
6666666666666666666666666666666666
666666666666666..
To ha5e a health0 li/est0le#
6666666666666666666666666666
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The other tip is 6666666666666666666666.
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66666666666666666666666666.. is also one o/
the wa0s to eat healthil0
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In order to alwa0s 3e in the 3est o/ health#
66666666666666666666666..
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In addition to that# we are
en,o-raged666666666666666666666..
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5er0 least we all ,o-ld do

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The other alternati5e to 3e in the pin8
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r-3ri,)
C1
C1 ela3oration
C2
C2 ela3oration
C1
C1 ela3oration
C2
C2 ela3oration
C4
C4 ela3oration
C?
C? ela3oration
C>
C> ela3oration
C@
C@ ela3oration
CA
CA ela3oration
C1B
C1B
ela3oration
C11
C11
ela3oration
C12
C12
ela3oration
1 C Ending
(hope/wish)
6666666666666666...........................................................
..................................
Aside /rom that# we ,o-ld 8eep o-r 3odies health0
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6.
This is simpl0
3e,a-se666666666666666666666666666666
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'o# we m-st dis,ipline o-rsel5es
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I/ smo8ing reigns o-r world#
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Last 3-t not least# we m-st
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To p-t it
la,oni,all0666666666666666666666...........................
.......
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I hope
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G,#.)"#$) *+r E"a+ra(#+$
?ar
a
?oints G,#.). F,)s(#+$s *+r )"a+ra(#+$s
(WH F,)s(#+$s)
1 $ntroduction *$ntroducing yourself
*?urpose of the article
2 6ody of
paragraphs
*0os*
C1*C'
C1 Eat healthily
71 What does it mean by eating healthilyN
Why should we eat healthilyN
C2 Fruits and vegetables
72 What are the benefits of eating fruits and vegetablesN
What are the e:amples of fruits and vegetablesN
ow often should we eat fruits and vegetablesN
C" Plenty of plain water
7" What are the benefits of drin!ing plenty of plain waterN
What are the conse+uences of not drin!ing enough waterN
C' Never skip breakfast
7' What is the importance of having brea!fastN
What are the e:amples of healthy brea!fastN
" 6ody of C, Exercise
7, 0efine Oe:erciseP
paragraphs
*0os*
C,*C4
Why do we have to e:erciseN
C- 20 minutes a day
7- ow do we allocate our time for physical e:ercisesN
ow do we discipline ourselves to spend 2B minutes each day
e:ercisingN
C2 hort walks
72 What are the benefits of short wal!sN
ow do we ma!e the above e:ercise more meaningful and
cheerfulN
C4 Take stairs
74 ow many stairs do we have to climb up and climb downN
ow do we ma!e the above e:ercise more meaningful and
cheerfulN
' 6ody of
paragraphs
*0onts*
CA*C12
CA !ad habits
7A 0efine bad habits.
C1B leeping late
71B What are the effects of sleeping lateN
ow do we overcome the above bad habitN
C11 moking
711 ow does smo!ing affect the health of the studentsN
ow do we prevent ourselves from smo!ingN
C12 Neglecting personal hygiene
712 0efine personal hygiene
Why do we have to prioriti#e our personal hygieneN
What are the instances of neglecting ones personal hygieneN
, Conclusion 7:pressing your hope and include interesting e:pressions such
as Omoney cannot buy wealthP% Oan apple a day !eeps a doctor
awayP% Ohealth is wealthP% etc.
)estate the dos and donts