Ingls a travs de la Msica

Beatriz Rodrguez Bueno

Electivo de la Especialidad I
13/08/2012

First Class

Unit: Music
Lesson: Classical Music

TEXT 1:

Classical Music

The word Classical has strong connotations, conjuring up the art and philosophy of
Ancient Greece and Rome along with their ideals of
balance, proportion and disciplined expression. The late Baroque style
was polyphonically complex and melodically ornate. The composers of
the early Classical period changed direction, writing music that was much
simpler in texture. It is in some ways ironic that two of J.S. Bach's
Children, Carl Philipp Emanuel (C.P.E.) and Johann Christian (J.C.), were
among the leaders of this new artistic movement. Their father had been
the greatest master of the high Baroque style, and it was his children who
made that style obsolete.
Homophony--music in which melody and accompaniment are
distinct--dominated the Classical style, and new forms of composition

were developed to accommodate the transformation. Sonata form is by

far the most important of these forms, and one that continued to evolve
throughout the Classical period. Although Baroque composers also wrote
pieces called sonatas, the Classical sonata was quite different.
The essence of the Classical sonata is conflict. A highly simplified example
of such a conflict might be between two themes of contrasting character.
This contrast would be intensified during the course of the sonata, then
finally resolved. In some ways, there is a resemblance to the skeleton of a
play: we meet characters, a conflict is developed and finally a resolution
reached. Sonata form allowed composers to give pure instrumental music
a recognizable dramatic shape. Every major instrumental form of the
Classical era, including the string quartet, symphony and concerto was
molded on the dramatic structure of the sonata.
One of the most important developments of the Classical period is the
growth of the public concert. Although the aristocracy would continue to
play a significant role in musical life, it was now possible for composers to
survive without being the employee of one person or family. This also
meant that concerts were no longer limited to palace drawing rooms.
Composers started organizing concerts featuring their own music, and
often attracted large audiences. The increasing popularity of the public
concert had a strong impact on the growth of the orchestra. Although
chamber music and solo works were played in the home or other intimate
settings, orchestral concerts seemed to be naturally designed for big
public spaces. As a result, symphonic music (including opera and
oratorio) became more extroverted in character. Composers gradually
expanded the size of the orchestra to accommodate this expanded
musical vision.

TEXT 2:

Orchestra

An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble that contains sections of string,

brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments. The term orchestra derives from
the Greek , the name for the area in front of an ancient Greek

stage reserved for the Greek chorus. The orchestra grew by accretion throughout
the 18th and 19th centuries, but changed very little in composition during the
course of the 20th century.
A smaller-sized orchestra for this time period (of about fifty players or fewer) is
called a chamber orchestra. A full-size orchestra (about 100 players) may
sometimes be called a "symphony orchestra" or "philharmonic orchestra";
these modifiers do not necessarily indicate any strict difference in either
the instrumental constitution or role of the orchestra, but can be useful to
distinguish different ensembles based in the same city (for instance, the London
Symphony Orchestra and the London Philharmonic Orchestra). A symphony
orchestra will usually have over eighty musicians on its roster, in some cases over
a hundred, but the actual number of musicians employed in a particular
performance may vary according to the work being played and the size of the
venue. A leading chamber orchestra might employ as many as fifty musicians;
some are much smaller than that. Orchestras can also be found in schools. The
term concert orchestra may sometimes be used (e.g., BBC Concert
Orchestra; RT Concert Orchestra)no distinction is made on size of orchestra by
use of this term, although their use is generally distinguished as for live concert. As
such they are commonly chamber orchestras.
Instrumentation
The typical symphony orchestra consists of four proportionate groups of
similar musical instruments called the woodwinds,brass, percussion, and strings,
and also the fifth proportionate group of similar musical instruments like the rhythm
section in modern times. The orchestra, depending on the size, contains almost all
of the standard instruments in each group. In the history of the orchestra, its
instrumentation has been expanded over time, often agreed to have been
standardized by the classical period and Beethoven's influence on the classical
model.
Beethoven's influence
The so-called "standard complement" of double winds and brass in the orchestra
from the first half of the 19th century is generally attributed to the forces called for
by Ludwig van Beethoven. The exceptions to this are his Symphony No. 4, Violin
Concerto, and Piano Concerto No. 4, which each specify a single flute.
The composer's instrumentation almost always included paired flutes, oboes,
clarinets, bassoons, horns and trumpets. Beethoven carefully calculated the
expansion of this particular timbral "palette" in Symphonies 3, 5, 6, and 9 for an
innovative effect. The third horn in the "Eroica" Symphony arrives to provide not
only some harmonic flexibility, but also the effect of "choral" brass in the Trio.
Piccolo, contrabassoon, and trombones add to the triumphal finale of
his Symphony No. 5. A piccolo and a pair of trombones help deliver storm and

sunshine in the Sixth. The Ninth asks for a second pair of horns, for reasons similar
to the "Eroica" (four horns has since become standard); Beethoven's use of
piccolo, contrabassoon, trombones, and untuned percussionplus chorus and
vocal soloistsin his finale, are his earliest suggestion that the timbral boundaries
of "symphony" might be expanded for good. But for several decades after his
departure, symphonic instrumentation was faithful to Beethoven's wellestablished model, with few exceptions.
Expanded instrumentation
Apart from the core orchestral complement, various other instruments are called for
occasionally. These include the classical
guitar, heckelphone, flugelhorn, cornet, harpsichord, and organ. Saxophones, for
example, appear in a limited range of 19th and 20th century scores. While
appearing only as featured solo instruments in some works, for example Maurice
Ravel's orchestration of Modest Mussorgsky's Pictures at an Exhibition and Sergei
Rachmaninoff's Symphonic Dances, the saxophone is included in other works,
such as Ravel's Bolro, Prokofiev's Romeo and Juliet Suites 1 and 2, Vaughan
Williams Symphony No.6 and Symphony No.9 and William Walton's Belshazzar's
Feast, and many other works as a member of the orchestral ensemble.
The euphonium is featured in a few late Romantic and 20th century works, usually
playing parts marked "tenor tuba", including Gustav Holst's The Planets,
and Richard Strauss's Ein Heldenleben. The Wagner tuba, a modified member of
the horn family, appears in Richard Wagner's cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and
several other works by Richard Strauss, Bla Bartk, and others; it has a
prominent role in Anton Bruckner's Symphony No. 7 in E Major.[5] Cornets appear
in Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky's ballet Swan Lake, Claude Debussy's La Mer, and
several orchestral works by Hector Berlioz. Unless these instruments are played by
members doubling on another instrument (for example, a trombone player
changing to euphonium for a certain passage), orchestras will
use freelance musicians to augment their regular rosters.
The 20th century orchestra was far more flexible than its predecessors.[6] During
composers Beethoven and Felix Mendelssohn's time, the orchestra was composed
of a fairly standard core of instruments which was very rarely modified. As time
progressed, and as the Romantic period saw changes in accepted modification
with composers such as Berlioz, followed by Johannes Brahms and
eventually Gustav Mahler, the 20th century saw that instrumentation could
practically be hand-picked by the composer.

VOCABULARY LIST

Woodwind: Instrumentos de viento de madera

Flute: Flauta
Oboe: Oboe
Clarinet: Clarinete
Bassoon: Fagot
Brass: Instrumento de metal
French Horn: Corneta francesa
Trumpet: Trompeta
Percussion: Percusin
Timpani: Timbales
Strings: Instrumentos de Cuerda
Violin: Violn
Viola: Viola
Cello: Violonchelo
Double Bass: Contrabajo

Warm Up suggested Questions:

1.
2.
3.
4.

What do you know about classical music?

Do you like classical music?
Have you ever heard about Beethoven?
Do you think that classical music is still listening in our days?

Pictures of Famous Classical Music Musicians:

Ludwig Van Beethoven Sonata No. 14

Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart Turkish March

Johann Sebastian Bach Mass in B Minor

George Frideric Handel Messiah

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky The Nutcracker

KEY WORDS:
Orchestra Genius Talent Chamber Symphony Score Sonata

Activities
1. Identify the instrument of the picture. Write the name above the picture.
Example:

Violin

a)

____________________

b)

_____________________

c)

______________________

d)

__________________________

e)

____________________________

f)

_____________________________

2. Choose the correct picture corresponding to the request.

Example:
Ludwig Van Beethoven

1)

2)

3)

a) Woodwind Instrument

1)

2)

3)

b) Author of Sonata No. 14

1)

2)

3)

c) String Instrument

1)

d)

2)

3)

Orchestra

1)

2)

3)

e) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart

1)

2)

3)

3. Answer the following questions.

1. What is an orchestra?
2. Name five famous classical music composers.

3. What kind of instruments are using in an orchestra?

4. How many members can have an orchestra?

5. What is homophony?
6. What connotations the word classical has?

7. What is the essence of the sonata?

8. Who influenced the standard complement?

9. What instruments are occasionally called in an orchestra?

10. What was the physical handicap that Beethoven suffered?

Second Class
Unit: Music
Lesson: Classic Rock
TEXT:

The Beatles

The Beatles were the most influential popular music group of the rock era . They
affected the post-war baby boom generation of Britain , the United States and
many other countries during the 1960s . Certainly they are the most popular group
in rock history, with global sales exceeding 1.1 billion records.
While they were originally famous for what some labeled light-weight pop music
(and the extreme hysterical reaction they received from young women), their later
works achieved a combination of popular and critical acclaim perhaps unequaled in
the 20th century . Eventually, they became more than recording artists, branching
out into film and particularly in the case of John Lennon political activism.
They achieved an iconic status with far reaching effects .
The classic Beatles lineup consisted of John Lennon (guitar), (James) Paul
McCartney (bass), George Harrison (guitar), and Ringo Starr (Richard Starkey)
(drums), all from Liverpool , Merseyside, in England .
The Beatles' original bass player, Stuart Sutcliffe, left the band in 1962 so he could
stay in Hamburg, Germany (where The Beatles had played a long engagement),
and marry Astrid Kirchherr (who took many stylish photographs of The Beatles
during their stay in Hamburg). Original drummer Pete Best was asked to leave the
group just before it started recording at EMI Studios in January, 1963, and was
quickly replaced by Starr .
Beatlemania began in Britain on 13 October 1963 with a televised appearance at
the London Palladium , and then exploded in the United States following three

appearances of the Beatles on The Ed Sullivan Show, on 9 February , 16

February , and 23 February 1964. The pop-music band became a worldwide
phenomenon with worshipful fans, hysterical adulation, and denunciations by
culture commentators and others such as Frank Sinatra. Some of this criticism
arose from confusion over the sources of their music (a similar confusion was
evinced in 1956 over Elvis Presley by commentators who were unaware of the
tradition of blues , R&B , and Gospel out of which Presley emerged), and some of
it was simply an incredulous reaction to the length of their hair. At any rate, it was
regarded by the band members with both awe and resentment.
CLASSIC ROCK BANDS

1. The Rolling Stones: Are an English rock band formed in London in 1962
and one of the most commercially successful and critically acclaimed acts in
the history of popular music. The group's earliest line-up consisted of Brian
Jones (guitar, harmonica), Ian Stewart (piano), Mick Jagger (lead vocals,
harmonica), Keith Richards (guitar, vocals), Bill Wyman (bassist)
and Charlie Watts(drummer). Since 1993, the band has consisted of Jagger,
Richards, Watts and guitarist Ronnie Wood.
2. Led Zeppelin: Were an English rock band, active in the late 1960s and
throughout the 1970s. Formed as the New Yardbirds in 1968, the band
consisted of guitarist Jimmy Page, singer Robert Plant,
bassist/keyboardist John Paul Jones, and drummer John Bonham. They are
widely considered to be one of the most successful, innovative and
influential rock groups in history.
3. Black Sabbath: Are an English rock band, formed in Aston, Birmingham in
1969 by Ozzy Osbourne (lead vocals), Tony lommi(guitar), Geezer

Butler (bass guitar), and Bill Ward (drums). The band has since experienced
multiple line-up changes, with Tony Iommi the only constant presence in the
band through the years. Originally formed in 1968 as a heavy blues
rock band named Earth and renamed Black Sabbath in 1969, the band
began incorporating occult and horror-inspired lyrics with tuned-down
guitars and achieving multiple platinum records in the 1970s. Despite an
association with occult and horror themes, Black Sabbath also composed
songs dealing with social instability, political corruption, the dangers of drug
abuse and apocalyptic prophesies of the horrors of war. Black Sabbath are
cited as pioneers of heavy metal.
4. Queen: Are a British rock band formed in London in 1971, originally
consisting of Freddie Mercury (lead vocals, piano), Brian May(guitar,
vocals), John Deacon (bass guitar, guitars), and Roger Taylor (drums,
vocals). Queen's earliest works were influenced by progressive rock, but the
band gradually ventured into more conventional and radio-friendly works,
incorporating more diverse and innovative styles in their music.
5. Sex Pistols: Were an English punk rock band that formed in London in
1975. They were responsible for initiating the punk movement in the United
Kingdom and inspiring many later punk and alternative rock musicians.
Although their initial career lasted just two-and-a-half years and produced
only four singles and one studio album, Never Mind the Bollocks, Here's the
Sex Pistols, they are regarded as one of the most influential acts in the
history of popular music.
6. Ramones: Were an American rock band that formed in the New York City
neighborhood of Forest Hills, Queens, in 1974. They are often cited as the
first punk rock group. Despite achieving only limited commercial success,
the band was a major influence on the punk rock movement in both the
United States and the United Kingdom.

Key Words and Vocabulary List

1. Lead Vocals: Main Singer.

2. Guitar: A stringed musical instrument with a fretted fingerboard and six or
twelve strings, played by plucking or strumming with the fingers or a
plectrum.
3. Bass: Denoting the member of a family of instruments that is the lowest in
pitch.
4. Drum: A percussion instrument sounded by being struck with sticks or the
hands, typically cylindrical, barrel-shaped, or bowl-shaped with a taut
membrane over one or both ends.
5. Keyboard: An electronic musical instrument with keys arranged as on a
piano.
6. Record: A thin plastic disc carrying recorded sound in grooves on each
surface, for reproduction by a record player.
7. Concert: A musical performance given in public, typically of several
compositions.

Warm Up Suggested Questions:

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Do you like classical rock?

Have you ever heard The Beatles?
What songs do you know of The Beatles?
Whats your favorite classical rock band?
Do you play an instrument?
Would you like to form your own rock band?
Do you think that classical rock is better than modern rock?

Songs Sample:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

THE BEATLES: Hey Jude!

THE ROLLING STONES: Satisfaction
LED ZEPPELIN: Stairway to Heaven
BLACK SABBATH: Paranoid
QUEEN: We will rock you
THE SEX PISTOLS: God Save the Queen
RAMONES : Beat on the brat

Activities

1. Translate the following list of word and make sentences with them.
Rock Band Lead Singer Guitar Concert
Record Bass Drums - Keyboard
EXAMPLE:
Rock Band = Banda de Rock
I would like that my favorite rock band plays in my country one day.
a) Lead Singer: ________________

b) Guitar: __________________

c) Concert: ________________

d) Record: _________________

e) Bass: _____________________

f) Drums: ______________________

g) Keyboard: ____________________

2. Match the correct Rock Band with the corresponding sentence.

Then write the name of a song that you heard in the samples
corresponding to each band.
a) The Beatles

Its lead vocal is Freddy Mercury

b) Black Sabbath

Were an English punk rock band

c) Led Zeppelin

Its keyboardist is John Paul Jones

d) Ramones

Are cited as pioneers of heavy metal

e) Queen

Were an American rock band that formed

in New York City in the 70s

f) Sex Pistols

Its members are Paul McCartney, John

Lennon, George Harrison and Ringo Star

g) Rolling Stones

They formed in London in 1962

Example : The Beatles: Hey Jude!

The Rolling Stones: ____________________________________
Led Zeppelin: _________________________________________
Black Sabbath: ________________________________________
Queen: _______________________________________________
The Sex Pistols: ________________________________________
Ramones: _____________________________________________

3. Read the extract of the song. Answer these questions:

a) What do you think the song is about?
b) What is the message that the band tries to give with the song?
c) Is it a peaceful song?
d) What do you think about the lyric?
e) Why do you think The Sex Pistols dont like the Queen of England?

Sex Pistols God save the Queen

God save the queen
The fascist regime
They made you a moron
Potential H-bomb
God save the queen
She ain't no human being
There is no future
In England's dreaming
Don't be told what you want
Don't be told what you need
There's no future, no future,
No future for you
God save the queen
We mean it man
We love our queen
God saves
God save the queen
'Cause tourists are money
And our figurehead
Is not what she seems
Oh God save history
God save your mad parade
Oh Lord God have mercy
All crimes are paid
When there's no future
How can there be sin
We're the flowers in the dustbin
We're the poison in your human machine
We're the future, your future

4. Answer the following questionnaire.

a) Who were The Beatles?
b) How much did they sale?
c) Who were the members of The Beatles?
d) What does Beatlemania mean?
e) Who is the lead singer of The Rolling Stones?
f) What was the first name that Led Zeppelin gave to its band?
g) What were Queens first works influences?
h) What is the name of the only album of The Sex Pistols?

Third Class
Unit: Music
Lesson: Pop Divas
TEXT: POP DIVAS: MADONNA, BRITNEY SPEARS AND LADY GAGA
Madonna

Madonna full name is Madonna Louise Veronica Ciccone. Professionally she is an

actor, singer, Song writer, Entrepreneur. She was born on 16 August 1958 in Bay
City Michigan.
Her childhood was a very hard time for her as she lost her mother very early when
she was only five. She trained as dancer of University of Michigan before she
moved to the New York City to make her career.
Initially she joined music groups "Emmy" and "Breakfast Club". Her debut album
was released in 1983 with the name Madonna. She got more popularity from her
next album "Like a Virgin" as compared to her debut album although she had sold
around 3 million copies of her first debut. It's more than 20 years since she has
sold about 300 million records worldwide. Apart from albums she also appeared in
movies like "Desperately seeking Susan" in 1985, "In Bed with Madonna" in 1991
and "Evita" in 1996.
Madonna owned a music company named "Maverick" which she later sold to

"Warner Music". She first married to Sean Penn. Her marriage with Sean Penn
continued from 1986-1991 only for five years. She married on the day of her
birthday. They both got divorced and she then married to Guy Ritchie. Madonna is
a mother of two beautiful kids, Lourdes whose biological father is Carlos Leon and
Rocco whose biological father is Guy Ritchie. She came 8th in the list of "The most
powerful celebrities 2005". She visited an orphanage in October 2006 where she
adopted a baby boy named David Banda. She is a real diva in the Hollywood
whose gorgeous and good looks are unique.
Britney Spears

Britney Jean Spears was born in McComb (Mississippi) and raised in rural
Louisiana (Kentwood) to Jamie Spears and Lynne Spears. As a child, Britney
attended dance classes, and she was great at gymnastics, winning many
competitions and the like. But, most of all, Britney loved to sing. At age 8, Britney
tried out for "MMC" (1989), but was turned down due to her young age. This
directed her to an off-Broadway show, "Ruthless", for a 2-year run as the title
character. At age 11, she again tried for "MMC" (1989) and, this time, made it as a
mouseketeer alongside many stars of today (Justin Timberlake and J.C.
Chasez of *NSYNC and Ryan Gosling). Her big break, however, came when she
was signed as a Jive Recording Artist in the late 90s. With the release of
her debut album, "...Baby One More Time" in early 1999, Britney became an
international success, selling 13 million copies of "Baby" and 9 million (as of July
2001) of her sophomore album, "Oops!...I Did It Again", released in May of 2000.

Lady Gaga

Lady Gaga is an American recording artist; she was born on March 28,
1986 in New York City. Her real name is Stefani Joanne Germanotta, and is the
eldest child of Joseph & Cynthia Germanotta. She begun playing piano when she
was 4 years old and by 13 she wrote her first piano ballad. She even started
performing open mid nights when she was 14 years old. The singer attended
Convent of the Sacred Heart, a private Roman Catholic School. Later on she got
admitted to the New York Universitys Tisch School of the Arts. There, Lady Gaga
studied music and improve her song writing skills. Read on to know more about
Lady Gaga.
When Lady Gaga was 19 years old, she was firstly signed with Def Jam
Recordings. But after three months she was dropped from Def Jam. Later on, she
used to perform in the rock music scene in Lower East Side of the New York City.
It has been revealed that music producer Rob Fusari helped her write some of her
earlier songs and her vocal style was even compared to that of Freddie Mercury.
However, after the Queen song Radio Ga Ga, she became to be known as Lady
Gaga. Till 2007, Lady Gaga collaborated with performance artist Lady Starlight,
she was the one who helps create her onstage fashions.
Lady Gaga later on signed with Streamline Records, which is an imprint of
Interscope Records in 2007. During these days, she worked as a song writer but
her vocal ability was recognized by Akon and had her sign to his own label Kon
Live Distribution. The information on Lady Gaga reveals that, she released her first
debut album The Fame in August 19 2008. The album becomes a big hit. The
songs received positive reviews and it has gone to number one in four countries,
also topping the Billboard Top Electronic Albums chart in the United States.
The first two singles of the album i.e. Just Dance and Poker Face have become
international become a big hit. The song Just Dance was also got nomination for
Best Dance Recording at the 51st Grammy Awards. These two hit songs are cowritten and co-produced with RedOne. In 2009, after having opened for New Kids
on the Block and the Pussycat Dolls, Gaga embarked on her first headlining tour,
The Fame Ball Tour. Lady Gaga released her second studio album The Fame
Monster in 2009.

Warm Up Suggested Questions

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Do you like pop music?

What do you think about female singers?
What is your favorite pop diva?
Have you ever gone to a concert of a pop diva?
Would you like to go to Lady Gaga/Madonna/Britney Spears concert?
Would you like to be for one day like a pop diva?

POP STARS DIVAS PICTURE

Britney Spears Madonna Beyonce Lady Gaga Lil Kim

Christina Aguilera Gwen Stefani Shakira
Suggested Songs
Madonna Hang up
Britney Spears Baby one more time
Lady Gaga Poker face
Rihanna Umbrella
Beyonce Crazy in love
Shakira Hips dont lie

Activities
1. Read the text. Find new vocabulary (15 words) , mark the words and
list them in your copybook. Use a dictionary to translate the words in
Spanish.

2. Complete the line with the Pop Diva (Madonna, Britney Spears or Lady
Gaga) corresponding to the sentence.
Example
She was born on 16 August 1958 in Bay City Michigan. Madonna
a) She was born in McComb (Mississippi) and raised in rural Louisiana
(Kentwood) _________________________________________
b) She begun playing piano when she was 4 years old and by 13 she wrote her
first piano ballad. ___________________________________________
c) She released her second studio album The Fame Monster in 2009.
_______________________________________________________
d) She owned a music company named "Maverick"
______________________________________________________
e) At age 8. She tried out for MMC (Mickey Mouse Club)
______________________________________________________
f) Initially she joined music groups "Emmy" and "Breakfast Club".
________________________________________________________
g) She attended Convent of the Sacred Heart, a private Roman Catholic
School.__________________________________________________
h) She sings Poker Face _____________________________________
i) Her album Baby One More Time was an international success, selling 13
million copies. ______________________________________________
j) She is a mother of two beautiful kids, Lourdes whose biological father is
Carlos Leon and Rocco whose biological father is Guy Ritchie.
__________________________________________________________

3. Listen to the song Oops I did it again by Britney Spears. Complete

the lines with the words of the list.
innocent typically senses again fool
think - dreaming crush cry heart
Oops, I did it again
I think I did it again .I made you believe
We're more than just friends.
Oh, baby;
It might seem like a ___________,
But it doesn't mean
That I'm serious.
'Cause to lose all my senses...
That is just so _____________ me.
Oh, baby; baby.
Oops!
... I did it again.
I played with your ____________.
Got lost in the game.
Oh, baby; baby.
Oops!
... You ___________ I'm in love.
That I'm sent from above...
I'm not that _________________.
You see my problem is this:
I'm _______________ away;
Wishing that heroes, they truly exist.
I __________ watching the days.
Can't you see I'm a _____________
In so many ways?
But to lose all my _______________
That is just so typically me.
Baby, oh.