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Domestication and foreignization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Domestication and foreignization

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Domestication and foreignization are strategies in translation,
regarding the degree to which translators make a text conform to
the target culture. Domestication is the strategy of making text
closely conform to the culture of the language being translated to,
which may involve the loss of information from the source text.
Foreignization is the strategy of retaining information from the source
text, and involves deliberately breaking the conventions of the target
language to preserve its meaning.[1] These strategies have been
debated for hundreds of years, but the first person to formulate
them in their modern sense was Lawrence Venuti, who introduced
them to the field of translation studies in 1995 with his book The
Translator's Invisibility: A History of Translation.[1][2] Venuti's
innovation to the field was his view that the dichotomy between
domestication and foreignization was an ideological one; he views
foreignization as the ethical choice for translators to make.[1]

Theory[edit]
In his 1998 book The Scandals of Translation: Towards an Ethics
of Difference, Venuti states that "Domestication and foreignization
deal with 'the question of how much a translation assimilates a
foreign text to the translating language and culture, and how much it
rather signals the differences of that text'".

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According to Lawrence Venuti, every translator should look at the

translation process through the prism of culture which refracts the
source language cultural norms and it is the translators task to
convey them, preserving their meaning and their foreignness, to the
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Domestication and foreignization - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

target-language text. Every step in the translation processfrom the

selection of foreign texts to the implementation of translation
strategies to the editing, reviewing, and reading of translationsis
mediated by the diverse cultural values that circulate in the target
language.
He estimates that the theory and practice of English-language
translation has been dominated by submission, by fluent
domestication. He strictly criticized the translators who in order to
minimize the foreignness of the target text reduce the foreign cultural
norms to target-language cultural values. According to Venuti, the
domesticating strategy violently erases the cultural values and thus
creates a text which as if had been written in the target language and
which follows the cultural norms of the target reader. He strongly
advocates the foreignization strategy, considering it to be an
ethnodeviant pressure on [target-language cultural] values to register
the linguistic and cultural difference of the foreign text, sending the
reader abroad. Thus an adequate translation would be the one that
would highlight the foreignness of the source text and instead of
allowing the dominant target culture to assimilate the differences of
the source culture, it should rather signal these differences.[3]

See also[edit]
Antoine Berman

References[edit]
1. ^ a b c Gile, Daniel (2009). Basic concepts and models for
interpreter and translator training. Amsterdam Philadelphia:
John Benjamins Pub. Co. pp. 251252. ISBN 978-90-2722433-0.
2. ^ Venuti, Lawrence (1995). The Translator's Invisibility.
New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-11538-4.
3. ^ http://www.scribd.com/doc/79525793/TranslatingCultures-Translating-Iran-Domestication-and-Foreignization

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