After the death of the Holy Prophet Muhammad , the question of succession became a difficult problem

as no successor was nominated. The Muhajerins (those who followed the Prophet from Mecca to
Medina in Hijrat) wanted Hazrat Abu Bakr to be the Caliph. But the Ansars wanted two Imams, one for
themselves and another for the Quraish and the Muhajerins. Hazrat Umar, however, handled the
dispute most tactfully and Hazrat Abu Bakar was elected to be the first Khaliph of Islam.

Rashidun Caliphs (632661)

Umayyad Caliphs (661750/1031)
Ibn al-Zubayr's Caliphate (684692)
Abbasid Caliphs (7501258/1517)
Fatimid Caliphs (9091171)
Ottoman Caliphs (14531924)

Hazrat Abu Bakr Ibn Qhuhafah The First Khalipah

Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) is the biggest personality in Muslims after the Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w) and Messengers of ALLAH. He is one of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), who
was give the reward of Heaven in the world by the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He was born in AmulFeel, ( an Abyssinian Christian General named Abraha Came to attack Makkah with an army of some
60,000 men and several elephants ), i.e. after 2-1/4 years in Makkah in 573 C.E. Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) was
named as Abdullah. Abu Bakr was his Patronymic name (Kynniya), (a sir name which is usually derived
from the name of the first son or daughter according to Muslim traditions). He was the most respectful
and attractive personality in Makkah before embracing Islam. He use to be respected by all due to His
humble and pious character. Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) was the first person to embrace Islam in the (in the
men). He was the most trusted companion of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) and also earned the
title of "As-Siddiq" (the most truthful and sincere person in faith) from the Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w). He alone accompanied amongst all the companions with the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w),
during migration from Makkah to Madinah. He participated in all the battles of Islam with Prophet
Muhammad (s.a.w.w). History notes that He donated all the households and the property whenever
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) desired to do so in the way of ALLAH. Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) was the only
one who led 17-18 Salah prayers in the lifetime of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) due to sickness of
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) continued His Caliphate for about 2 years after the
death of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He executed the order and sent "Lashkar-e-Usama" against the
Kuffars on the last orders given by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He made a call for Jihad against those
Muslims who after the death of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), over-rided the rule to give Zakat. Yes!,
this was Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq (r.a) who cut their necks with a group of Sahabah (r.a) and told the

reason why He is going to do this as; "These are the ones who will let down the pillars of Islam
tomorrow". A person named Musaylma Kazzab, claimed himself to be a Prophet of ALLAH. Hazrat Abu
Bakr (r.a) warned him for this false attitude and when the limits exceeded, was being sentenced on the
orders of Hazrat Abu Bakr (r.a), as a "Murtid". Hazrat Abu Bakr (r.a) breathed his last on the 22nd
Jamadi-us-Saani of 13 Hijri. He is buried next to the side of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Sayings of
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w):
Abu Bakr except from all Prophets are supreme in all human beings.(Tibrani)

The most merciful on my Ummah, in my Ummah, is Abu Bakr. (Tirimzi)

Hazrat Umar Ibn al-Khattab - The Second Khalipah

Hazrat Umar Farooq (r.a) is the most respectful personality in Muslim Ummah after Abu Bakr (r.a). He is
also one of the Companions (r.a) of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), who was given the reward of Heaven
in the world by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He was born in the tribe of "Adi", a branch of Quresh, 40
years before migration of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), from Makkah to Madinah and 13 years after
the incident of Aam-ul-Feel in 582 C.E. His name was "Abu Hafs", a patronymic name of old traditions.
He was the strongest and brave one in all the Makkah. No body in Makkah existed in His youth who
could dare to fight with Him. But after embracing Islam He was the most fair and just in ever. On 6th
year of Prophet hood by Muhammad (s.a.w.w), he embraced Islam. His embracing Islam, is the most
popular story of the Islamic history. He was the one who took Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) and a small
group of Muslims in Kaaba to offer Namaz for the first time in history. The wordings to Kuffars was: "If
anyone want to make his children Orphan and wife as a widow, do stop us!". The same words were
heard by the Kuffars again at the time of migration of Muslims to Madinah. Hazrat Umar Farooq (r.a)
earned the title of "Al-Farooq" (the one who makes the clear difference between Right and Wrong) from
the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He participated in all the battles of Islam with Prophet Muhammad
(s.a.w.w). History notes that He donated his half of the property when being asked for by Prophet
Muhammad (s.a.w.w) in the way of ALLAH. Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) noted and said many times
that it looks, Umar speaks and Quran is bestowed upon. Few examples of ALLAH's rule are; Hijab,
offering 2 prayers as "Nafal" at "Baab-e-Ibrahim" in Kaaba, solution for the prisoners of Badr, not to
offer Duua on "Munafiq" grave etc.... Hazrat Umar Farooq (r.a) passed his great Caliphate of
approximately 10 years after the death of Hazrat Abu Bakr (r.a). His Caliphate is the most popular and
memorable Caliphate according to fair and just amongst all others. A Jew named "Abu-Lolou-Feroz"
inserted a dagger in His back, while He was offering the Fajr prayers to Muslims in the position of
prostrating (Sajdah). Jews kept the name of a stone in name of their partner who martyred Hazrat Umar

Farooq (r.a) as "Feroza" (a sky blue like stone usually been wore in the form of a ring in finger. Hazrat
Umar Farooq (r.a) breathed his last on 26th Dhul-Hajj, 23 Hijri. He is buried next to the side of the
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Sayings of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w)
I see that devil either from humans or jinn, runs away from Umar. -Tirimzi
No doubt, ALLAH has issue truth, on the tongue and in the heart of Umar. Tirimzi

Hazrat Uthman ibn Affan The Third Khalipah

Hazrat Usman (r.a) is one of the Companions of Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w), who was given the
reward of Heaven by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) in the world. Usman Ibn-e-Affan belonged to Banu
Umayyia, clan of the Quresh. His name as by the Patronymic traditions was Abu Amr. He belonged to a
rich family of Makkah. He borned 6 years after the incident of Amul-Feel in Taif, 573 C.E. In the early
stage of Islam he was one of the literate men both in Kuffars and Muslims. His family was one of the
respectful family of Makkah. When migrated to Madinah from Makkah, he owned a well of fresh water
from a Jew and gave it free to the Muslims, who were in deep trouble by absence of fresh water in the
Holy city of Madinah. Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) gave him the glad tiding of Paradise upon this
memorable act. He participated in all the battles of Islam with Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). He
donated a huge amount of property whenever needed by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) in the way of
ALLAH and got the title of "Ghani" (one who donated his wealth in the way of ALLAH), By Prophet
Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) gave her two daughters in the Nikkah of Usman
(r.a). For this act he was rewarded a title of "Dhun-Norain" by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). Hazrat
Usman (r.a) participated in many battles with Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) against the Kuffars. On 5th
Hijri, he was set to detention by the Kuffars in Makkah on sending him for the prior information for
reciting Hajj by Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w). The Kuffars set out the rumor that they had killed Hazrat
Usman (r.a) upon which Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) took an Oath by his 1,400 Companions (r.a)
under the tree of Babool. Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w) made his left hand to the Oath as the hand of
Hazrat Usman (r.a). This incident is the most popular in the history of Islam and is termed as "Oath of
Rizwan (Bait-e-Rizwan). Hazrat Usman (r.a) passed approximately 12 years of His great Caliphate after
the Martyrdom of Hazrat Umar (r.a). The most important work done in His Caliphate was the rebuilding
of "Masjid-e-Nabwi" He made it 3 times greater than its original shape and area. The most beautiful
work which Muslim Ummah can't forget till the day of Judgment was arranging of the Holy Quran in the
form of a book. For this purpose He called many Quran-Learned Muslims and upon going through all, He
ordered it to arrange it in the form of a Holy Book in the presence of hundreds of Sahabah (r.a) and
Scholars. So, in this way Quran was being presented first time in the form of a Holy Book and was sent to
different countries to the Muslims. On the 18th Dhul-Hajj, Friday 35 Hijri, when He was reciting the Holy
Quran in His home in the position of Fasting, was being martyred by the Jews and mutants.Sayings of
Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.w): Every Prophet will have a special companion of Him in the Heaven, and
my companion there will be Usman. (Ibn-e-Majah)