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St. Petersburg (then Petrograd) - 1917 - Kronstadt was fort of sailors defending
city.
Shortage of food, world war on progress, winter season, protests started.
Demand changed from bread to removal of emperor, socialist took a chance here.
Freedom or death
Czar shoot the demomstrators, 50 dead, protests still cntinued
soldiers were angry , not feel like shooting. officer shoot dead
Mutiny started, then it spreaded like disease
Navy was advanced, sailors were not treated well, 30,000 soldiers near capital i
n fort, Kronstadt.
1 of march sailors elected new revolutionary committe, they arrested and killed
officers, killed admiral
Nicholas II was stopped to enter capital, He abdicated
The soviets, set up to represent the masses
Czar regime replaced by provisional govt.
Provisional govt vs The soviets
Exiled revolutionary leaders coming back, lenin was coming back also after febru
ary revolution.
He wrote tempelate for Russian future, 10 points
April Thesis, all power to soviet, no confidence in provisional govt.
Peace, Bread and Land - Lenin slogan, provisional govt wanted war with Germany.
People want peace.
Soldiers and Sailors (10,000) wanted govt to transfer power to soviet.
They reached Bolshevik head.Q (Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (R
SDLP))
Provisional govt troops fired at demonstrators.
Lenin was labelled as German spy.
Former minister of war was appointed as prime minister.
October lenin returned to Petrograd.
Decided for armed uprising, seek supports from sailors only support.
Sieze railway,bridges,telephone exchanges and sailors will be in front line.
II revolution in Octuber was organizd,
Sieze control of winter palace and demand surrender of Govt.
Bolshevik's problem was now the drunken mobs and sailors,
Bolshevik got only 1/4 of support in elections, Lenin took over parliament by sa
ilors
Republic of soviet, lenin set up checker, which can arrest and charge any opposi
tion group member.
Sailors got against Lenin and checkers
When Lenin was shoot (which he survived) , declared as miracle and chosen one.
Then reign of terror started, red terror.
6000 political opponents were murdered.
Lenin feaared military threat also, He created new fighting force The red army.
Lenin second in command was his leader. Rebel army also created by the fear of g
ermans taking over russsia.
This army took control over Siberia, local russian forces
Yekaterinburg , in this city was royal family since last 4 months, so checks leg
ion in 1918 family killed.
Checks advanced to capital, Now Lenin was taking it serious this new White army
which was created to fight Russian original new army.
Sailors sent to check the check legion, Bolshevik
1918 war with Germany ended.
Then civil war btw Bolshevik Red and Conservative White. (White were loyal to Tz
ar)
Capital changed from petrograd to Moscov. Whites were backed by west and were he
lped by 2 lac army.