TOPICAL PROTECTIVES

ANTIBACTERIALS

1. ZnO

1. H2O2 Agua oxigenada Thenards Oxygenated acid

Zn is used in treatment of skin ulceration as paste,

ointment
2. Calamine USP ZnO Fe2O3
The pink color has the advantage of better
cosmetic acceptability
3. Zinc Stearate

As mild astringent
In powder, may cause inflammation of the
lungs esp among children

2. Chlorinated Lime Bleaching Powder

3. Iodine

4. TiO2

As solar ray protective due to its opacity or high

R.I.

5. Silicon Polymer

Silicon oils or Dimethyl silicon ethers

Water repellant and protective against chemical
irritants.
Simethicone used as antiflatulent and gastric
protective

a) Silicosis
Chronic condition resembling to TB due
to exposure to silica particles
b) Silicafume
Prepared from the condensation of
silica from its vapor phase
c) Silica gel
prepared from the hydrolysis of organic
orthosilicates
6. Talc

Hydrated magnesium silicate with aluminum

silicate
Purified Talc
Prepared by boiling very finely divided
talc with water containing 2% HCl.
Allowing the insoluble matter to subside,
decanting the supernatant liquid and
repeating the process with weaker HCl

Official preparation 3% or 10 vol 1ml of the

solution will liberate 10cc of O2 at STP
Used as oxidizing antiseptic
Continuous use as mouthwash may produce
hairy tongue (hypertrophied filiform papillae)
Add acid to increase stability of solution

Preparations used as germicide:

a) 2% I2 solution with NaI
b) 2% I2 tinctures with 50% Alcohol
c) Lugols solution 5% I2 with KI
d) Boultons Solution Phenolated I2
Solution
e) Povidone Iodine a polymer PVP,
polyvinylpyrrolidone
- Releasing I2 slowly and is non-toxic
and non-irritating
f) 1: 5000 0.02% I2 Solution - effective
antibacterial
g) Iopanoic acid used in visualization of
the gall bladder. Since it has 3 iodine
atoms that can be concentrated in
organ to be studied

4. Sulfur

Preparations: used as scabicide to kill a mite,

Sarcoptes scabei, 3% in ointment
a) Sublimated Sulfur
- Azufre, Flower of Sulfur
- Used in preparing Vleminckxs
solution with lime
b) Precipitated Sulfur
- Milk of Sulfur
c) Sulfated Potash
- Liver of Sulfur
d) Plastic Sulfur
- Rubbery in consistency
e) Calcarones (Sicily)
- Crude furnace semi-circular
stone wall pits dug to recover
sulfur

5. Selenium Sulfude Antiseborrheic Antidandruff

OFFICIAL GASES

6. Antimony Potassium Tartrate

1. O2 Oxygen

Tartar emetic used before as emetic in Brown

Mixture
Official as antischistosomiasis
(destroys Schistosoma japonica)

7. Potassium Permanganate (KMnO4)

8. NaOCl2
9. AgNO4

Causes Argyria, a discoloration in the skin

(maybe removed by injection of 6% Sodium
thiosulfate & 1% Potassium ferricyanide)

Howe is an ammoniacal Silver nitrate solution

used in dentistry to protect the dentin.
10. Ammoniated Mercury
11. Mercurous Chloride

Toxic
Disinfectant
Antidote is Formaldehyde sulfoxylate

ASTRINGENT

Used as styptics and antiperspirant

Corrosive at high concentration

1. Alum Tawas

AlNH4 (SO4)2 12 H2O

AlK (SO4)2 12 H2O
Preparations of vaccines and tetanus toxoids

2. CO2 Carbonic Anhydrous

Cake Alum
Brown Alum

4. Aluminum Acetate

Brown solution

5. Zinc Chlorides
6. Zinc Sulfate

White Vitriol

Solid form is used as caustic carbonated

beverages, displace air in gray cylinders

3. He Helium

Inert gas admixed with O2

80% He: 20% O2 forms responsible air 1/3 the
density of air
Reduced risks of bend in deep see diving
Stored in brown cylinders

4. NO Nitrous Oxide

Laughing gas
Used as dental anesthesia in extraction of teeth
and opening of abscess

5. N Azole

2. Aluminum Chloride
3. Aluminum Sulfate

Name means acid former by Lavoiser, Yns and

designated to be part of the water
Dephlogisticated air by priestly and empyreal
air by Scheele
Prepared commercially by fractional distillation
of liquid air and electrolysis of water
Stored in green cylinders
Anoxic inadequate O2
O2 tension in air (high altitude)

Very stable due to the triple bonds in the

structure
Used as air displacement/replacement
Used in the space above Hg in thermometer to
prevent evaporation when placed in high
temperature
Stored in cylinders

DENTAL PRODUCTS

Anticarries Agent: NaF, SnCl2

Dent abrasive Pumice is a substance of
volcanic origin consisting of complex silicates of
Sodium, Aluminum and Potassium