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Biodiversity
BioD
Biodiversity.ppt
21-Sep-11
Biodiversity
What do you think biodiversity
means?
Bio =
Biodiversity
What does Diversity mean?
Diversity = Variety
What is biodiversity?
OED: biodiversity Ecol., diversity of plant and
animal life, as represented by the number of
extant species
Ricklefs & Miller: Biodiversity includes a number
of different levels of variation in the natural
world: genetic, species, ecosystem
Begon et al. The term may be used to describe
the number of species, the amount of genetic
variation or the number of community types
present in an area.
Butmost studies do focus on species diversity
21/09/2011
Variety of biodiversity
Benefits of Biodiversity
Ecosystem functions
Ecosystem services
Cleaning water, habitat & breeding
areas for wildlife Ecosystem services
are defined as the processes and
conditions of natural ecosystems that
support human activity and sustain
human life
E.g., maintenance of soil fertility, climate
regulation, natural pest control, flows of
ecosystem goods such as food, timber ,
and freshwater
Species diversity
different kinds of
organisms, relationships
among species
Genetic diversity
different genes &
combinations of genes
Aesthetic and
cultural benefits
Biodiversity.ppt
21-Sep-11
Benefits of Biodiversity
Medicines
Plants
Jellyfish & sea
anemones
Biodiversity.ppt
Functional Consequences of
Biodiversity:
Numbers and
Kinds of
Species
Benefits of Biodiversity
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Organismal
traits
Ecosystem
Processes
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Species richness
Species evenness
Species composition
Species interaction
Temporal and spatial variation
Biodiversity.ppt
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Threats to biodiversity
Habitat destruction
Pollution
Global Climate Change
Exploitation
Concentrated in the
tropics
Panama: > 500 species of
breeding birds
Arctic: 50-100 species
Dense concentrations
Biodiversity.ppt
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Threats to Biodiversity
Threats to Biodiversity
Extinction and
population reductions
Extinction and
population reductions
Hunting and
overharvesting
Pollution
Climate change
Invasive species
Tiger
Whales
Sharks
Habitat loss
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Biodiversity:
Who cares?
A
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Protecting Biodiversity
Protecting Biodiversity
Stop overharvesting
Sustainable yield
Hunting & fishing laws
(every state ?)
in developing nations ?
colonization rate
extinction rate (local)
predicts number of species
Refuges, parks,
preserves
Endangered Species Act
Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Effect of island size
Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
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Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Biodiversity.ppt
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Protecting Biodiversity
Island Biogeography
Island Biogeography
Everyplace is an island
Habitat fragmentation
Smaller fragments hold
fewer species
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Protecting Biodiversity
How can we protect
biodiversity
Endangered Species Act
(1973)
Protecting Biodiversity
http://www.fws.gov/
endangered/
Biodiversity hotspots
Protection of habitat
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Oxygen
Food
Clean Water
Medicine
Aesthetics
Ideas