QB - M2E04 Trigonometry I

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1. Convert the following angles into radian measure. (Give your answers correct to 3 significant
figures.)
(a) 188.2
(b) 12.6
(a) 188.2 = 188.2(

) rad.
180
= 3.28 rad. (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
) rad.
180
(b) 12.6 = 12.6(
2. Convert the following angles into radian measure. (Express your answers in terms of .)
(a) 15
(b) 330
(a) 15 = 15(
) rad.
180
rad.
=
12
(b) 330 = 330(
=
) rad.
180
11
rad.
6
3. Convert the following angles into degree measure.

7
3
(a)
(b)
6
8
7 7 180
=
(
)
(a)
6
6
= 210
3 3 180
(
)
=
(b)
8
8
= 67.5
4. Convert the following angles into degree measure. (Give your answers correct to 2 decimal
places.)
(a) 0.84c
(b) 3.14c
180
)
= 48.13 (corr. to 2 d.p.)
(a) 0.84c = 0.84(
180
)
= 179.91 (corr. to 2 d.p.)
(b) 3.14c = 3.14(
5. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. OA = 6 cm and AB = 9 cm .
6 cm
9 cm
B
(a) Find . (Express your answer in radian measure.)

(b) Find the area of minor sector OAB.
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AB
(a) =
rad.
OA
9
= rad.
6
= 1.5 rad.
(b) Area of minor sector OAB =
1 2
(6) (1.5) cm 2
2
= 27 cm 2
6. In the figure, PQ = 8 cm and POQ =

your answers in terms of .)
. Find the radius and the area of sector OPQ. (Express

6
P
8 cm
6
O
Radius of sector OPQ =

=
cm
48
cm
1 48 2
( ) ( ) cm 2
6
2
192
cm 2
=
Area of sector OPQ =
7. The figure shows a sector where AB = 30 cm . It is given that the area of the sector is 200 cm2 .
Find . (Express your answer in radian measure.)
30 cm
30
cm
1 30
Area of the sector = ( ) 2 cm 2
2
450
200 =
= 2.25 rad.
Radius of the sector =
8. An iron wire of 30 cm long is bent into a sector as shown in the figure. AOB = 72 and OA = r cm.
A
r cm
72
O
(a) Find the value of r.

(b) Find the area of the sector.
(Give your answers correct to 3 significant figures.)
(a) AOB = 72
= 72(
) rad.
180
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2
rad.
5
2
2r + r ( ) = 30
5
r (10 + 2)
= 30
5
150
r=
10 + 2
= 9.21 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
=
1 150 2 2
(
) ( ) cm 2
2 10 + 2
5
2
= 53.3 cm (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
(b) Area of the sector =
9. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. R is a point on OP such that QR OP . POQ = 45 . It
is given that the area of the minor segment cut off by PQ is 10 cm 2 . Find the radius. (Give your
answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
O
45
POQ = 45
= 45(
) rad.
180
rad.
4
Let r cm be the radius.
QR
= sin
OQ
4
=
2r
cm
2
Area of the minor segment = Area of sector OPQ Area of DOPQ
2r
1
1
)
10 = r 2 ( ) r (
2
4 2
2
80 = r 2 2 2r 2
80
r2 =
2 2
r = 16.0 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
The radius is 16.0 cm.
QR =
10. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. The radius is 10 cm. Radius OC and chord AB are
perpendicular to each other and intersect at D. CD = 4 cm .
A
O
4 cm
C
10 cm
(a) Find AOB. (Express your answer in radian measure and correct to 3 significant figures.)
(b) Find the area of the major segment cut off by AB.
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(a) OD = OC CD
= (10 4) cm
= 6 cm
OD 6 3
cosBOD =
=
=
OB 10 5
AOB = 2 BOD
(b) BD 2 + OD 2 = OB 2
(Pyth. theorem)
BD = 10 2 6 2 cm
= 8 cm
Area of the major segment = Area of DOAB + Area of major sector OAB
1
1
= [ (8 2)(6) + (10) 2 (2 AOB)] cm 2
2
2
= [48 + 50(2 AOB)] cm 2
= 269 cm 2 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
11. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle with the radius of 7 cm. C is a point outside the circle
such that AC and BC touch the circle. AC = BC = 24 cm . Find the area of the shaded region. (Give
your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
A
7 cm
O
24 cm
B
C
(OA)( AC )
]
Area of OBCA = 2 [
2
= (OA)( AC )
= 7 24 cm 2
= 168 cm 2
Let AOC = , then AOB = 2 .
24
tan =
7
1
Area of minor sector OAB = (OA) 2 (2)
2
1
= (7) 2 (2 1.287) cm 2
2
= 63.06 cm 2 (corr. to 4 sig. fig.)

Area of the shaded region = Area of OBCA Area of minor sector OAB
= (168 63.06) cm 2
= 105 cm 2 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
12. In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle where AD = 30 cm . E is a point on AD such that BCE is a
sector.
A
C
30 cm
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, find the length of AB.

6
(b) Hence find the area of the shaded region. (Express your answer in terms of .)
(a) BE = BC
= 30 cm
(alt. s, AD // BC)
AEB = EBC
(a) If EBC =
AB
= sin
6
BE
1
AB = 30 cm
2
= 15 cm
=
(b) Area of the shaded region = Area of rectangle ABCD Area of sector BCE
1
= [30 15 (30) 2 ( )] cm 2
2
6
2
= (450 75) cm
13. In the figure, ABCD is a square with sides of 6 cm each. O is the centre of sector OEFG where O
and F are the mid-points of AD and BC respectively.
A
G
B
(a) Find EOG. (Express your answer in terms of and in radian measure.)
(b) Find the perimeter of the shaded region. (Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
(a) OE = OF
= AB
= 6 cm
6
OA = cm
2
= 3 cm
OA
cos AOE =
OE
3
=
6
1
=
2
AOE = rad.
3
DAOE DDOG
(R.H.S.)
DOG = AOE
(corr. s, Ds)
= rad.
3 + DOG = rad.
(adj. s on st. line)
AOE + EOG

EOG = ( ) rad.
3 3
= rad.
3
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cm
3
= 2 cm
2
AE = OE 2 OA2
(b) E F G = 6
AE = 6 2 32 cm
= 27 cm
= 3 3 cm
EB = AB AE
= (6 3 3 ) cm
DG = AE
= 3 3 cm
CG = DC DG
= (6 3 3 ) cm
Perimeter of the shaded region = E F G + EB + BC + CG

= [2 + (6 3 3 ) + 6 + (6 3 3 )] cm

14. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle with the radius of 8 cm. COD = 60. B is a point on the
circumference such that AB // OC. E is a point on AD such that BE AD.
B
60
E
8 cm
(a) Find AOB. (Express your answer in terms of and in radian measure.)
(b) Find the length of BE. (Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
(c) Find the area of the minor segment cut off by AB. (Give your answer correct to
significant figures.)
(a) COD = 60
= 60 (
) rad.
180
= rad.
3
(corr. s, AB // OC)
OAB = COD
= rad.
3
(base s, isos. D)
OBA = OAB
= rad.
3
( sum of D)
AOB + OAB + OBA = rad.

AOB = ( ) rad.
3 3
= rad.
3
(b)
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BE
= sin AOB
OB
BE = OB sin
3
3
cm
2
= 4 3 cm
= 8
(c) Area of the minor segment = Area of sector OAB Area of DOAB
1
1
= [ (8) 2 ( ) (8)(4 3 )] cm 2
3
2
2
2
15. In the figure, O is the centre of the semi-circle with the radius of r cm. S is a point on PR such
that QS PR . QOS = .
Q
r cm
(a) Express the area of DOQR in terms of r and .

(b) If the area of sector OPQ and the area of the segment cut off by QR are equal, show that
sin + 2 = .
QS
(a)
= sin
OQ
QS = r sin cm
(OR)(QS )
2
(r )(r sin )
cm 2
=
2
1 2
= r sin cm 2
2
Area of DOQR =
1 2
r cm 2
2
Area of the segment = Area of sector OQR Area of DOQR
1
1
= [ r 2 ( ) r 2 sin ] cm 2
2
2
1 2
= r ( sin ) cm 2
2
Area of sector OPQ = Area of the segment
1 2
1
r = r 2 ( sin )
2
2
= sin
(b) Area of sector OPQ =
sin + 2 =
16. In the figure, OAB is an equilateral triangle with sides of 1 cm each. PQ is an arc with O as the
centre and divides DOAB into two parts with equal areas. C is a point on AB such that AB OC .


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O
r cm
(a) Find the value of r.

(b) Find the length of PQ .
OC
(a) sin OBC =
OB
OC
sin =
3 OB
3
cm
2
OC =
1
Area of DOAB
2
3
1 1
1 2
)
r ( ) = ( 1
2
2 2
3
2
Area of sector OPQ =
r2 =
3 3
4
3 3
4
r=
(b) PQ = r ( ) cm
3
3 3
)( ) cm
4 3
=(
17. In the figure, O and H are the centres of the larger circle and the smaller circle respectively. AC
and BD are the diameters of the larger circle and DOC = 90 . The two circles touch each other at
E. AC and BD touch the smaller circle at F and G respectively.
E
A
H
F
G
O
(a) If the radius of the smaller circle is 5 cm, find the radius of the larger circle.
(b) Find the area of the shaded region.
E
(a)
A
F
O
OH 2 = OF 2 + HF 2
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(Pyth. theorem)
= HG 2 + HF 2
OH = 52 + 52 cm
= 50 cm
Radius of the larger circle = OH + HE
= ( 50 + 5) cm
1
Area of the larger circle Area of the smaller circle
4
1
= [ ( 50 + 5) 2 (5) 2 ] cm 2
4
(b) Area of the shaded region =
18. The figure shows four circles with the radii of r cm each. Each circle touches its adjacent circles,
and a square can be formed by joining the centres of the four circles. Express the area of the
shaded region in terms of and r.
r cm
Let the centres of the four circles be A, B, C and D.
ABCD is a square.
ABC = BCD = CDA = BAD = rad.

2
and AB = BC = 2r cm
1
Area of the shaded region = [( 2r ) 2 4 (r ) 2 ( )] cm 2
2
2
2
2
2
= (4r r ) cm
= (4 )r 2 cm 2
19. In the figure, the radii of the three circles are 4 cm and their centres are A, B and C.
A
(a) Find the area of DABC.

(b) Find the area of the minor segment bounded by AB and AB .
(c) Find the area of the shaded region.
(a) Let D be a point on AB such that AB CD and E be a point on AB .


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E
A
AB = BC = CA
(given)
DABC is an equilateral triangle.
BAC =
3
CD
= sin
3
AC
CD =
3
(4) cm
2
= 2 3 cm
Area of DABC =
=
( AB)(CD )
2
42 3
cm 2
2
= 4 3 cm 2
(b) Required area = Area of sector CAEB Area of DABC

1
= [ (4) 2 ( ) 4 3 ] cm 2
2
3
8
= ( 4 3 ) cm 2
3
(c) Area of the shaded region = Area of DABC + 3 Area of the minor segment
8
= [4 3 + 3( 4 3 )] cm 2
3
2
20. In the figure, a conical paper cup is formed by sector OAB. It is given that the height of the cup is
12 cm and the radius of its opening is 5 cm.
5 cm
12 cm
A
(a) Find AOB. (Express your answer in terms of and in radian measure.)
(b) Find the area of sector OAB. (Express your answer in terms of .)
(a) AB = 2(5) cm
= 10 cm
OA = (5 cm) 2 + (12 cm) 2
2
OA = 52 + 122 cm
= 13 cm
AB
rad.
AOB =
OA
(Pyth. theorem)
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10
rad.
13
(b) Area of sector OAB =
1
10
(13) 2 (
) cm 2
2
13
= 65 cm 2
21. In the figure, a machine is made of two rollers bounded by a belt. The centres of the two rollers
are A and B, and AB = 50 cm. The radii of the two rollers are 15 cm and 10 cm. Let the belt touches
the larger roller at C and D, and the smaller one at E and F.
C
E
A
50 cm
15 cm
10 cm
(a) Find and . (Express your answers in radian measure.)

(b) Find the length of the belt.
(c) Find the area bounded by the belt.
(a) Let G be a point on AD such that AD BG .
A
50 cm
15 cm G
10 cm
F
AG = AD GD = (15 10) cm = 5 cm
1
5
AG
cos GAB =
=
=
AB 50 10
Since the figure is symmetric,
CAB = GAB
(s at a pt.)
CAB + GAB + = 2
= 2 2GAB
AG
AB
5
=
50
1
=
10
sin ABG =
2
Since the figure is symmetric,
ABE = ABF
(s at a pt.)
ABE + ABF + = 2
= 2 2ABF
ABF = ABG +
= 2 2(ABG + )
2
= 2ABG
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(b) BG 2 = AB 2 AG 2
BG = 50 2 52 cm
= 2 475 cm
DF = EC = BG = 2 475 cm
Length of the belt = CD + DF + FE + EC
= (15 + 2 475 + 10 + 2 475 ) cm

= 179 cm (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
(c)
( BF + AD)( DF )
2
(10 + 15)( 2 475 )
=
cm 2
2
25 2 475
=
cm 2
2
Area bounded by the belt = Area of major sector ACD + Area of minor sector BEF
+ 2 Area of trapezium ABFD
1
1
25 2 475
= [ (152 ) + (10 2 ) + 2
] cm 2
2
2
2
= 1 770 cm 2 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
Area of trapezium ABFD =
22. Simplify
tan
csc .
sec
tan
csc =
sec
sin
cos
1
cos
1
sin
=1
23. Simplify (cot +

(cot +
1
) cos .
cot
1
cot 2 + 1
) cos
) cos = (
cot
cot
=(
=
csc 2
) cos
cot
1
sin 2
cos
sin
cos
1
sin
= csc
=
24. Simplify sin (sec3 sec ).
sin (sec3 sec ) = sin sec (sec2 1)

sin
=
(tan 2 )
cos
= tan 3
25. Simplify tan 2 (csc2 + sec2 ) .
tan 2 (csc2 + sec 2 ) = tan 2 (
1
1
+
)
2
sin cos 2
= tan 2 (
cos 2 + sin 2
)
sin 2 cos 2
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sin 2
1
( 2
)
2
cos sin cos 2
1
=
cos 4
=
= sec 4
25
and lies in quadrant II, find the values of the other five trigonometric ratios of
24
without using a calculator. (Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
26. If sec =
P
25
24
NP 2 = OP 2 ON 2
= 252 242
= 49
NP = 7
7
25
sin =
cos =
24
25
tan =
7
24
25
7
csc =
cot =
24
7
27. If cot = 5 and 180 270 , find the values of sin and sec without using a calculator.
(Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
y
5
O
OP 2 = NP 2 + ON 2
= 12 + 52
= 26
OP = 26
sin =
1
26
26
26
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26
5
sec =
9
3
and
2 , find the value of sec + tan without using a calculator. (Leave
7
2
your answer in surd form if necessary.)
28. If csc =
y
O
7
9
P
ON = OP 2 NP 2
2
= 92 7 2
= 32
ON = 32
=4 2
9
sec =
4 2
9 2
8
7
tan =
4 2
=
7 2
8
sec + tan =
7 2
9 2
)
+ (
8
8
2 2
8
2
4
1
and lies in quadrant III, find the value of sin cot without using a calculator.
3
(Leave your answer in surd form if necessary.)
29. If cos =
y
N 1
3
P
NP 2 = OP 2 ON 2
= 32 12
=8
NP = 8
=2 2
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2 2
3
1
cot =
2 2
sin =
2
4
sin cot =
2 2
2
3
4
8 2 3 2
12
11 2
=
12
=
30. If csc = 4 and tan < 0 , find the value of (cos cot ) (sin + sec ) without using a calculator.
(Leave your answer in surd form if necessary.)
csc > 0 and tan < 0
lies in quadrant II.
y
P
4
ON 2 = OP 2 NP 2
= 4 2 12
= 15
ON = 15
15
4
cot = 15
cos =
sin =
1
4
sec =
4
15
(cos cot )(sin + sec ) = [

=(
=
15
1
4
( 15 )][ + (
)]
4
4
15
3 15
15 16
)(
)
4
4 15
3 15 48
16
1
3 sin csc
and cos < 0, find the value of
without using a calculator. (Leave
sec
+ 2 tan
5
sin < 0 and cos < 0
lies in quadrant III.
31. If sin =
15


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N
O
ON 2 = OP 2 NP 2
= ( 5 ) 2 12
=4
ON = 2
1
sin =
5
csc = 5
sec =
tan =
5
2
1
2
3 sin csc 3(
=
sec + 2 tan
1
) ( 5 )
5
5
+ 2( 12 )
2
3 55 + 5
=(
5
2
+1
3 5 + 5 5 2
)( )
5
5+2
4 5
2+ 5
5(2 5 ) 2 + 5
8 5 + 45
5(4 5)
8 5 + 20
5
3 cot + 2 csc
25
3
and
, find the value of
without using a calculator. (Leave
9
cos
2
3

2
csc 0
25
csc2 =
9
5
5
or
(rejected)
csc =
3
3
32. If csc 2 =
N
3
ON 2 = OP 2 NP 2
= 5 2 32
= 16
ON = 4
cot =
4
3
cos =
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4
5
5
4
3 cot + 2 csc 3( 3 ) + 2( 3 )
=
cos
54
2
3
4
5
5
6
, find the value of (sec + tan ) sin without using a calculator. (Leave
2
2
sec 0
33. If sec 2 = 2 and
sec2 = 2
sec = 2 or
y
2 (rejected)
P
2
NP 2 = OP 2 ON 2
= ( 2 ) 2 12
=1
NP = 1
tan = 1
1
sin =
2
(sec + tan ) sin = [ 2 + (1)]

=
2 +1
2
2+ 2
2
1
2
34. If cot 2 + cot 2 = 1, prove that csc2 + csc2 = 3.
csc 2 + csc 2 = cot 2 + 1 + cot 2 + 1

= cot 2 + cot 2 + 2
=1+ 2
=3
csc + csc2 = 3
2
35. Find the maximum value of y =
6
2 csc 2 + 1
For any real number ,

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csc2 1
2 csc2 + 1 3
1
1
2
2 csc + 1 3
6
2
2 csc2 + 1
Maximum value of y = 2
36. Find the minimum value of y = 3
5
2 sec 2 1
For any real number ,

sec2 1
2 sec2 1 1
1
1
2 sec2 1
5
5
2 sec2 1
5
5
2 sec2 1
5
3
2
2 sec2 1
Minimum value of y = 2
csc
.
1 + tan 2
(1 sin )(1 + csc ) = 1 sin + csc sin csc
37. Prove that (1 sin )(1 + csc ) =
= 1 sin +
=
1
1
sin
1 sin 2
sin
cos 2
sin
1
1
= 1
sin
2
=
cos
1
csc
sec 2
csc
=
1 + tan 2
csc
(1 sin )(1 + cos ) =
1 + tan 2
=
38. Prove that sin 2 tan cos 2 cot = tan cot .
sin 2 tan cos 2 cot =
sin 3 cos3
cos
sin
sin 4 cos 4
sin cos
(sin 2 + cos 2 )(sin 2 cos 2 )

sin cos
sin 2 cos 2
sin cos
sin cos
cos sin
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= tan cot
sin tan cos cot = tan cot

cos + cot
39. Prove that cos cot =
.
tan + sec
cos
cos + cot cos + sin
= sin
tan + sec
+ cos1
cos
cos sin + cos cos
sin
sin + 1
cos (sin + 1)
cot
sin + 1
= cos cot
cos + cot
cos cot =
tan + sec
sin
tan
40. Prove that
= 2 sec sin 2 .
csc cot csc + cot
sin
tan
sin (csc + cot ) tan (csc cot )
=
csc cot csc + cot
(csc cot )(csc + cot )
=
1 + cos cos1 + 1
csc 2 cot 2
2 + cos cos
1
1 + cot 2 cot 2
= 2 + cos
1
cos
= 2+
cos 2 1
cos
= 2
sin 2
cos
= 2 sec sin 2
sin
tan
= 2 sec sin 2
csc cot csc + cot
cot
1 + csc
41. Prove that
.
=
1 csc
cot
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cot
1 + csc cot 2 + (1 + csc )(1 csc )
+
=
1 csc
cot
cot (1 csc )
=
cot 2 + (1 csc 2 )
cot (1 csc )
cot 2 + ( cot 2 )
cot (1 csc )
=0
cot
1 + csc
=
1 csc
cot
csc A + csc B cot A cot B
42. Prove that
.
=
cot A + cot B csc A csc B
csc A + csc B cot A cot B (csc A + csc B)(csc A csc B) (cot A cot B)(cot A + cot B)
=
(cot A + cot B)(csc A csc B)

(csc2 A csc 2 B) (cot 2 A cot 2 B)

(csc2 A cot 2 A) (csc2 B cot 2 B)

11
=0
csc A + csc B cot A cot B
=
43. If cos2 + sec2 = 3, prove that cos 2 (2 sin 2 ) = 3 cos 2 sin 2 .

cos 2 (2 sin 2 ) = (3 sec 2 )(2 sin 2 )
= 6 2 sec 2 3 sin 2 + sec 2 sin 2
= 6 2 sec 2 3 sin 2 + tn 2
= 6 2 sec 2 3 sin 2 + sec 2 1
= 5 sec 2 3 sin 2
= 5 (3 cos 2 ) 3(1 cos 2 )
= 1 + cos 2 + 3 cos 2
= 3 cos 2 sin 2
cos 2 (2 sin 2 ) = 3 cos 2 sin 2
44. If sec2 csc2 = 2 , find the value of tn 2 tn 2 2 tn 2 .

tan 2 a tan 2 2 tan 2 = tan 2 (tan 2 a 2)
= tan 2 (sec2 a 1 2)
= tan 2 (sec2 a 3)
= tan 2 (2 + csc 2 3)
= tan 2 (csc2 1)
= tan 2 cot 2
=1
45. If tan 2 a + sec2 = 3, find the value of cos 2 4 cos 2 cos 2 + cos 2 .
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cos 2 a 4 cos 2 a cos 2 + cos 2 = cos 2 a cos 2 (4 cos 2 a 1)

= cos 2 a
4 cos 2 a 1
sec 2
= cos 2 a
4 cos 2 a 1
3 tan 2 a
cos 2 a(3 tan 2 a) (4 cos 2 a 1)

3 tan 2 a
3 cos 2 a sin 2 a 4 cos 2 a + 1

3 tan 2 a
sin 2 a cos 2 a + 1
3 tan 2 a
=0
3
13
and sec = , where and lie in the same quadrant, find the value of
5
12
cos + csc
without using a calculator. (Leave your answer in surd form if necessary.)
tn tn
46. If sin =
sin > 0, sec < 0, and and lie in the same quadrant.
and lie in quadrant II.

y
P
5
ON 2 = OP 2 NP 2
= 5 2 32
= 16
ON = 4
4
cos a =
5
3
4
tan a =
13
12
MQ 2 = OQ 2 OM 2
= 132 12 2
= 25
MQ = 5
13
csc =
5
tan =
5
12
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4 + 13
cos a + csc
= 3 5 55
tan a tan 4 ( 12 )
=(
4 + 13 12
)( )
9 + 5 5
27
5
3
3
and
2 , find the value of
2
2
(tan a + cos )(sin a tan ) without using a calculator. (Leave your answer in surd form if
necessary.)
47. If csc = 2 and cot = 2 ,
N
O
ON 2 = OP 2 NP 2
= 2 2 12
=3
ON = 3
1
tan a =
3
3
3
1
sin a =
2
=
1
Q
OQ 2 = OM 2 + MQ 2
= ( 2 ) 2 + 12
=3
OQ = 3
cos =
2
3
6
3
1
tan =
2
=
2
2
where
(tan a + cos )(sin a tan ) = (
3
6
1
2
)[ (
)]
+
3
3
2
2
= 3(
48. If sec =
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1 + 2 1 + 2
)(
)
3
2
3
( 2 + 1)( 2 1)
6
3
6
3
k +3
and
2 , where k > 0 , express csc + cot in terms of k.
2
k +1
k+1
k+3
P
NP 2 = OP 2 ON 2
= (k + 3) 2 (k + 1) 2
= k 2 + 6k + 9 k 2 2k 1
= 4k + 8
NP = 4k + 8
=2 k+2
k +3
csc =
2 k+2
k +1
cot =
2 k+2
k +3
k +1
)
+ (
2 k+2
2 k+2
2k + 4
=
2 k+2
k+2
=
k+2
csc + cot =
= k+2
49. If
sin
1
= , where < < , find the value of sin .

5 2 csc 2
2
sin
1
=
5 2 csc 2
2 sin = 5 2 csc
2 sin 5 + 2 csc = 0
2 sin 2 5 sin + 2 = 0
(2 sin 1)(sin 2) = 0
1
sin =
or sin = 2 (rejected)
2
50. If sec = 6 tan 2 9, where lies in quadrant IV, find the value of sec .
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sec = 6 tan 2 9
sec = 6(sec2 1) 9
sec = 6 sec2 15
6 sec2 sec 15 = 0
(3 sec 5)(2 sec + 3) = 0
5
3
sec =
or sec = (rejected)
3
2
51. If 9 cot 2 3 csc 11 = 0 , where < <
3
, find the value of cot . (Leave your answer in surd
2
form.)
9 cot 2 3 csc 11 = 0
9(csc2 1) 3 csc 11 = 0
9 csc 2 3 csc 20 = 0
(3 csc + 4)(3 csc 5) = 0
csc =
5
4
or csc = (rejected)
3
3
4
csc2 = ( ) 2
3
16
=
9
16
1 + cot 2 =
9
7
cot 2 =
9
7
7
or
(rejected)
cot =
3
3
tan
2
3
= , where
< < 2 , find the values of csc . (Leave your answers in surd form
2
11
2
1 3 sec
if necessary.)
2
tan
=
2
1 3 sec 11
52. If
11 tan = 2 6 sec 2
11 tan = 2 6(1 + tan 2 )
11 tan = 4 6 tan 2
6 tan 2 + 11 tan + 4 = 0
(3 tan + 4)(2 tan + 1) = 0
tan =
When tan =
y
4
,
3
O
4
4
1
or tan =
3
2
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OP 2 = ON 2 + NP 2
= 32 + 4 2
= 25
OP = 5
csc =
5
4
When tan =
1
,
2
2
O
1
Q
OQ 2 = OM 2 + MQ 2
= 2 2 + 12
=5
OQ = 5
csc = 5
53. If 2 tan + 1 = sec , where 0 < < , find the values of sin , cos and tan .
(2 tan + 1) 2 = sec2
4 tan 2 + 4 tan + 1 = 1 + tan 2
3 tan 2 + 4 tan = 0
tan (3 tan + 4) = 0
tan =
4
or 0 (rejected)
3
tan < 0
<<
2
y
P
4
OP 2 = NP 2 + ON 2
= 4 2 + 32
= 25
OP = 5
4
sin =
5
cos =
3
5
tan =
4
3
54. If 3 sec2 + 5 tan 5 = 0 , where 0 < 2 , find . (Give your answers correct to 3 significant
figures.)
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3 sec2 + 5 tan 5 = 0
3(1 + tan 2 ) + 5 tan 5 = 0
3 tan 2 + 5 tan 2 = 0
(3 tan 1)(tan + 2) = 0
1
or tan = 2
tan =
3
= 2.03, 5.18 (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
= 0.322 , 3.46 or
= 0.322, 2.03, 3.46 or 5.18
55. If 3 csc 2 sin = 2 2 , where 0 < 2 , find . (Express your answers in terms of .)
3 csc 2 sin = 2 2
3 2 sin 2 = 2 2 sin
2 sin 2 + 2 2 sin 3 = 0
sin =
2 2 (2 2 ) 2 4(2)(3)
2(2)
2 2 32
4
2 2 4 2
=
4
6 2
2 2
or
(rejected)
=
4
4
2
=
2
3
=
or
4
4
=
56. If 5 tan 2 + 3 sec2 = 27 , where < <
3
, find . (Express your answer in terms of .)
2
5 tan 2 + 3 sec2 = 27
5 tan 2 + 3(1 + tan 2 ) = 27
8 tan 2 = 24
tan 2 = 3
tan = 3 or 3 (rejected)
4
=
or
(rejected)
3
3
57. If csc + 7 cot = 4, where 0 < < , find . (Give your answer correct to 3 significant figures.)
csc + 7 cot = 4
7 cot = 4 csc
49 cot 2 = (4 csc ) 2
49(csc2 1) = 16 8 csc + csc 2
48 csc 2 + 8 csc 65 = 0
8 82 4(48)(65)
2(48)
8 112
=
96
13
5
or (rejected)
=
12
4
csc =
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12
13
= 1.18 or 1.97 (rejected) (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)
sin =
, where < < .

13
2
(a) Find the value of sin cos .
(b) Find the values of sin and cos .
(c) Find the value of cot .
7
sin + cos =
(a)
13
58. It is given that sin + cos =
(sin + cos ) 2 = (
7 2
)
13
sin 2 + 2 sin cos + cos 2 =
49
169
1 + 2 sin cos =
49
169
60
169
(sin cos ) 2 = sin 2 2 sin cos + cos 2
sin cos =
= 1 2(
289
169
<<
2
sin > 0 , cos < 0
sin cos > 0
sin cos =
60
)
169
289
169
17
13
1
(b) sin = [(sin + cos ) + (sin cos )]
2
=
1 7 17
( + )
2 13 13
12
13
1
cos = [(sin + cos ) (sin cos )]
2
=
1 7 17
( )
2 13 13
5
13
27

(c) cot =
=

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cos
sin
5
13
12
13
5
12
59. (a) Given that tn and cot are the roots of the quadratic equation x 2 3mx + m = 0 , find the
value of m.
(b) Hence find a quadratic equation in x with roots tn 2 and cot 2 .
(a) x 2 3mx + m = 0
m
1
tan a cot a = m
Product of roots =
m=1
(b) Sum of roots =
3m
1
tan a + cot a = 3
Sum of roots of the required equation
= tan 2 a + cot 2 a
= tan 2 a + 2 tan a cot a + cot 2 a 2 tan a cot a

= (tan a + cot a) 2 2(1)
= 32 2
=7
Product of roots of the required equation
= tan 2 a cot 2 a
=1
x 2 7 x + 1 = 0 is a required quadratic equation.
60. Given that cos and csc are the roots of the equation 3 x 2 + kx 4 = 0, where < < 2 , find the
value of k.
3 x 2 + kx 4 = 0
Product of roots =
cos csc =
4
3
cot =
4
3
4
3
cot < 0
lies in quadrant IV.

y
O
3
P
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OP 2 = ON 2 + NP 2
= 4 2 + 32
= 25
OP = 5
4
cos =
5
csc =
5
3
k
3
k
cos + csc =
3
Sum of roots =
4 5
k
=
3
5 3
k=
13
5
61. It is given that sin and cos are the roots of the equation 5 x 2 + x + k = 0 .
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Find the value of [sin (sec + 1)][cos (csc + 1)] .
(a) 5 x 2 + x + k = 0
1
5
1
sin + cos =
5
Sum of roots =
1
(sin + cos ) 2 = ( ) 2
5
1
25
1 + 2 sin cos =
1
25
sin cos =
12
25
k
5
k
sin cos =
5
Product of roots =
12 k
=
25 5
k=
12
5
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(b) [sin (sec + 1)][cos (csc + 1)] = (tan + sin )(cot + cos )
= tan cot + tan cos + sin cot + sin cos
= 1 + sin + cos + sin cos
1
12
= 1 + ( ) + ( )
5
25
=
8
25
62. If is an acute angle and 2 x 2 + (4 sin ) x + 3 cos = 0 is an equation in x with two equal real roots,
find . (Express your answer in terms of and in radian measure.)
The equation has two equal real roots.
D=0
(4 sin ) 2 4(2)(3 cos ) = 0
16 sin 2 24 cos = 0
2 sin 2 3 cos = 0
2(1 cos 2 ) 3 cos = 0
2 cos 2 + 3 cos 2 = 0
(2 cos 1)(cos + 2) = 0
1
or cos = 2 (rejected)
cos =
2
=
3
cot 3 + 1 csc sec + sec3

=
.
cot 3 1 csc + sec sec3
1
1
1
csc sec + sec3 sin cos + cos 3
=
csc + sec sec3 sin1 + cos1 13
63. Prove that
cos
2
cos sin cos + sin

cos3 + sin cos 2 sin
cos3 sin (cos 2 1)

cos3 + sin (cos 2 1)
cos3 sin ( sin 2 )

cos3 + sin ( sin 2 )
cos3 + sin 3
cos3 sin 3
cos 3
sin 3
cos 3
sin 3
3
+1
1
cot + 1
cot 3 1
csc sec + sec3 cot 3 + 1
=
csc + sec sec3 cot 3 1

sec + csc sec + 2 sin
64. Prove that
.
=
1 + cot
1 + cot 2
=
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1 + cot
1 + cot 2
=
(sec + csc )(1 + cot ) (sec + 2 sin )(1 + cot 2 )

(1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )
(sec + csc + sec cot + csc cot ) (sec + 2 sin + sec cot 2 + 2 sin cot 2 )
(1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )
=
=
1
cos
1
sin
1
sin
cos
sin 2
1
cos
2 sin
cos
sin 2
2 cos 2
sin
(1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )

2
sin
2 sin
2 cos 2
sin
(1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )

2 2 sin 2 2 cos 2
sin (1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )
2 2(sin 2 + cos 2 )
sin (1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )
22
=
sin (1 + cot 2 )(1 + cot )
=
=0
=
1 + cot
1 + cot 2
1
65. If sec =
, prove that sin 8 + sin 6 + sin 2 1 = 0 .
sec 1
1
sec =
sec 1
sec 2 sec = 1
1 cos = cos 2 .............. (1)
1 cos = 1 sin 2
sin 2 = cos ................ (2)
sin 8 + sin 6 + sin 2 1 = cos 4 + cos3 + cos 1 [ From (2) ]

= (cos 2 ) 2 + cos cos 2 + cos 1
= (1 cos ) 2 + cos (1 cos ) + cos 1 [ From (1) ]
= 1 2 cos + cos 2 + cos cos 2 + cos 1

=0
sin + sin + sin 1 = 0

8
66. (a) Prove that (2 2 + 1) tan 2 ( 2 + 2) tan sec + 1 = (2 tan sec )( 2 tan sec ) .
(b) Hence, solve the equation (2 2 + 1) tan 2 ( 2 + 2) tan sec + 1 = 0 , where 0 2 .
(a) (2 tan sec )( 2 tan sec ) = 2 2 tan 2 2 tan sec 2 tan sec + sec 2
= 2 2 tan 2 ( 2 + 2) tan sec + 1 + tan 2
= (2 2 + 1) tan 2 ( 2 + 2) tan sec + 1
(b)
(2 2 + 1) tan 2 ( 2 + 2) tan sec + 1 = (2 tan sec )( 2 tan sec )
(2 2 + 1) tan 2 ( 2 + 2) tan sec + 1 = 0

(2 tan sec )( 2 tan sec ) = 0 [ From (a) ]
2 tan = sec
or
2 tan = sec
31

1
or
2
5
or
= ,
6 6
sin =
5
3
, ,
or
6 4 4
6

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1
2
3
= ,
4 4
sin =
67. The figure shows three similar right-angled triangles, where B1 A1 C1 = B2 A 2 C2 = B3 A 3 C3 =

and A 1 C1 = A2 B2 = B3 C3 = 1.
A3
A2
A1
B1
C1
B2
C2
If = 30, is
(a)
B3
C3
B1C1 B2C2
=
correct?
B2C2 B3C3
B1C1 B2C2
=
, find sin .
B2C2 B3C3
BC
(a) Consider DA 1 B 1 C 1 , sin = 1 1
A1C1
(b)
If
B1C1
1
1
B1C1 =
2
BC
tan = 2 2
A2 B2
sin 30 =
Consider DA 2 B 2 C 2 ,
B2C2
1
1
B2C2 =
3
tan 30 =
L.H.S. =
=
B1C1
B2C2
1
2
1
3
3
2
BC
R.H.S. = 2 2
B3C3
=
1
3
1
3
=
3
L.H.S. R.H.S.
When = 30 ,
B1C1 B2C2
=
is not correct.
B2C2 B3C3
(b) Consider DA 1 B 1 C 1 , sin =
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B1C1
A1C1
B1C1
1
B1C1 = sin
sin =
Consider DA 2 B 2 C 2 , tan =
B2C2
A 2 B2
B2C2
1
B2C2 = tan
tan =
B1C1 B2C2
=
B2C2 B3C3
sin tan
=
tan
1
sin = tan 2
sin =
sin 2
cos2
sin cos 2 sin 2 = 0

sin (cos2 sin ) = 0
cos2 sin = 0
or sin = 0 (rejected)
1 sin 2 sin = 0
sin 2 + sin 1 = 0
1 12 4(1)(1)
2
1 5
5 1
or
(rejected)
=
2
2
68. Find the values of the following trigonometric ratios without using a calculator.
(a) cos 315
(b) csc 240
(c) cot(150)
(a) cos 315 = cos(360 45)
= cos 45
sin =
2
2
(b) csc 240 = csc(270 30)
= sec 30
=
2
3
2 3
3
cot(150) = cot 150
=
(c)
= cot(180 30)
= cot 30
= 3
69. Find the values of the following trigonometric ratios without using a calculator.
5
11
3
(a) tan( )
(b) sec
(c) csc( )
6
4
4
33

(a)
tan(
5
5
) = tan
4
4
= tan( + )
4
= tan
4
= 1
(b)
sec
11
= sec(2 )
6
6
= sec
6
2
=
3
=
(c)
csc(
2 3
3
3
3
) = csc( )
4
4
= csc( )
4
= csc
4
= 2
tan(180 )
.
csc(90 )
tan(180 ) tan
=
sec
csc(90 )
= sin
70. Simplify
sin( ) tan( 270)

.
sec( + 180)
sin() tan( 270) sin tan[ (270 )]
=
sec( + 180)
sec(180 + )
sin [ tan(270 )]
=
sec(180 + )
sin cot
=
sec
71. Simplify
= cos 2
3
+ ) cos( + ) .
2
2
3
sec( + ) cos( + ) = csc (sin )

2
2
= 1
72. Simplify sec(
) cot( + ).
2
2
3
sec( ) cot( + ) = sec[ ( )] cot( + )

2
2
2
2
3
= sec( ) cot( + )
2
2
= csc ( tan )
73. Simplify sec(
= sec

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74. Simplify sin(2 ) csc( 2) .

2
sin(2 ) csc( 2) = sin[ ( 2)] csc( 2)

2
2
= sin( 2) csc( 2)
2
= cos 2 csc 2
= cot 2
75. Simplify sec2 ( 2) cot 2 (

sec 2 ( 2) cot 2 (
3
).
2
3
3
) = sec 2 [ (2 )] cot 2 [ ( )]
2
2
3
= [sec(2 )]2 [ cot( )]2
2
= (sec ) 2 ( tan ) 2
= sec 2 tan 2
=1

76. Simplify 1 sec2 ( + ) .
2 2
1 sec2 ( + ) = 1 (csc ) 2
2 2
2
= 1 csc2
2
= cot 2
2
Alternative method:

1 sec2 ( + ) = tan 2 ( + )
2 2
2 2
= (cot ) 2
2
= cot 2
2
77. If sec =
13
3
) without using a
, where , find the values of sin( + ) and cot(
2
2
12
calculator.
y
P
13
N
12
NP 2 = OP 2 ON 2
= 132 122
= 25
NP = 5
5
sin =
13
5
tan =
12
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sin( + ) = sin
5
=
13
cot(
3
) = tan
2
5
=
12
78. If tan = 3 and lies in quadrant III, find the values of sec( ) and sec( ) without using a
2
calculator. (Leave your answers in surd form if necessary.)
y
N 1
O
3
P
OP 2 = ON 2 + NP 2
= 12 + ( 3 ) 2
=4
OP = 2
sec = 2
2
csc =
3
2 3
3
sec( ) = sec
=
=2
sec( ) = csc
2
2 3
=
3
4
79. If csc( + ) = , find the value of cos( + ) without using a calculator.

2
3
4
csc( + ) =
2
3
4
sec =
3
cos( + ) = cos
1
=
sec
3
=
4
80. If tan( ) =
in surd form.)
3 7
, find the value of cot(3 + ) without using a calculator. (Leave your answer
7
tan( ) =
3 7
7
tan =
3 7
7
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3 7
7
cot(3 + ) = cot
tan =
1
tan
7
3 7
7 7
3 7
7
3
7
7
2
81. If cos( ) =
, find the value of sec 2 ( ) without using a calculator.
2
2
2
cos( ) =
2
2
cos[ ( )] =
2
2
2
cos( ) =
2
2
2
2
2
sec ( ) = (sec ) 2
sin =
= sec2
=
1
cos 2
1
1 sin 2
=
=
1
1 (
2 2
)
2
1
1 12
=2
82. Find the value of sin(
9
11
13
43
23
17
cos(
) without
) csc
cot
+ tan
cos
6
2
3
4
6
6
using a
calculator.
37

sin(

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17
9
11
13
43
23
cos
+ tan
) csc
cot
cos(
)
6
2
3
4
6
6
= sin(2 +
= sin
5
5
11
) csc(4 + ) cos(2 + ) cot(3 + ) + tan(7 + ) cos(2 +
)
6
2
3
4
6
6
5
5
11
csc cos cot + tan cos
6
2
3
4
6
6
= sin( ) 1 cos(2 ) 1 + tan cos(2 )

6
3
6
6
= sin
cos + tan cos

6
3
6
6
1 1
1
3
+
2 2
3 2
1
2
5
4
csc( + ) + tan
sec( 2) .
6
2
3
5
4
3 cos csc( + ) + tan sec( 2)

6
2
3
83. Simplify 3 cos
= 3 cos( ) csc( + ) + tan( + ) sec[ (2 )]

6
2
3
= 3(cos ) sec + tan sec

6
3
= 3(
3
) sec + 3 sec
2
= (
3 3
+ 3 ) sec
2
3
sec
2
5
17
23
2
sec( ) tan( + ) .
cot(5 ) csc
) cot
2
6
6
4
3
2
23
17
5
2 csc( ) cot
cot(5 ) csc
sec( ) tan( + )
3
4
6
6
2
84. Simplify 2 csc(
= 2( csc
= 2csc
2
3
5
) cot(5 + ) cot( ) csc(2 + ) sec tan[2 + ( + )]
3
4
6
6
2
2
3
5
cot ( cot ) csc sec tan( + )
3
4
6
6
2
= 2 csc( ) cot( ) cot csc( ) sec tan( + )

3
4
6
6
2
= 2 csc (cot ) cot csc sec ( cot )

3
4
6
6
= 2(
2
2
)(1) cot + (2)( ) cot
3
3
=0
85. Simplify
cos A csc C cos( B + C ) sec( A + C )

, where A + B + C = .
cot( B + C ) sec B + cot A csc( A + B)
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cos A csc C cos( B + C ) sec( A + C ) cos A csc C cos( A) sec( B)

=
cot( B + C ) sec B + cot A csc( A + B) cot( A) sec B + cot A csc( C )
=
cos A csc C ( cos A)( sec B)

( cot A) sec B + cot A csc C
cos A(csc C sec B)

cot A( sec B + csc C )
cos A
cot A
= sin A
1
86. Prove that [sin( 2) sec( + )]2 [
]2 = cos 2 .
2
sec() tan( 32 )
1
1
)2
[sin( 2) sec( + )]2 [
]2 = {sin[ (2 )] sec( + )}2 (
3
2
sec cot
2
sec() tan( 2 )
= [(sin )(csc )]2 (cos tan ) 2
= (1) 2 sin 2
= cos 2
1
[sin( 2) sec( + )]2 [
]2 = cos 2
2
sec() tan( 32 )
sec() + cos( )
= tan 3 .
csc( ) sin( )
sec() + cos( )
sec cos
=
csc( ) sin( ) csc sin
87. Prove that
cos
1
cos
1
sin
1 cos 2
cos
1 sin 2
sin
sin 2 sin
cos cos 2
sin 3
cos3
sin
= tan 3
sec() + cos( )
= tan 3
csc( ) sin( )
88. Prove that
1 + cos( 2)
[1 + cos( + )]2
{
1
+
} = 2 csc .
cos( + 32 )
sin 2 ()
39


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1 + cos( 2)
[1 + cos( + )]2
1 + cos[ (2 )]
(1 cos ) 2
{
1
}
[
1
]
+
=
+
cos( + 32 )
cos( 32 + )
sin 2 ()
(sin ) 2
=
1 + cos
(1 cos ) 2
[1 +
]
sin
sin 2
1 + cos sin 2 + 1 2 cos + cos 2
sin
sin 2
1 + cos 2(1 cos )
=
sin
sin 2
=
2(1 cos 2 )
sin 3
2 sin 2
sin 3
= 2 csc
[1 + cos( + )]2
1 + cos( 2)
{1 +
} = 2 csc
cos( + 32 )
sin 2 ()
=
89. Prove that cos 2 ( )[

2
L.H.S. = cos ( )[
= (cos ) 2 [
sec 2 cos 2
1] = cos 2 ( + )(1 + cot 2 ) .

2 3
2
cos ( 2 + )
sec 2 cos 2
1]
cos 2 ( 32 + )
sec 2 cos 2
1]
(sin ) 2
= cos 2 (
sec 2 cos 2 sin 2

)
sin 2
= cos 2 (
sec 2 1
)
sin 2
= cos 2 (
tan 2
)
sin 2
=1
R.H.S. = cos 2 ( + )(1 + cot 2 )

2
= (sin ) 2 (csc 2 )
=1
cos 2 ( )[
90. If cot =
sec 2 cos 2
1] = cos 2 ( + )(1 + cot 2 )
2 3
2
cos ( 2 + )
3
and sec > 0 , find the value of [sec() + sec( + )] sin( + ) without using a
3
2
2
calculator.
cot < 0 and sec > 0
lies in quadrant IV.
y
N
O
1
3
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OP 2 = ON 2 + NP 2
= 12 + 3 2
= 10
OP = 10
sec = 10
10
3
csc =
1
10
cos =
[sec() + sec( + )] sin( + ) = (sec csc )(cos )

2
2
10
1
)](
)
= [ 10 (
3
10
4 10
1
)(
)
3
10
4
=
3
=(
3
5
csc( )
and sin > 0 , find the value of
without using a
+ ) =
2
2
sec( + 32 ) + cot(2 )
calculator. (Leave your answer in surd form.)
3
5
csc( + ) =
2
2
91. If csc(
sec =
5
2
5
2
sec > 0 and sin > 0
lies in quadrant I.
sec =
y
P
5
O
NP 2 = OP 2 ON 2
= ( 5 ) 2 22
=1
NP = 1
csc = 5
cot = 2
41


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csc( )
csc[ ( )]
=
3
3
sec( + 2 ) + cot(2 ) sec( 2 + ) + cot(2 )
=
csc
csc cot
5
52
5
5+2
52
5+2
5 ( 5 + 2)
( 5 ) 2 22
= (5 + 2 5 )
92. (a) If cos and csc(
) are the roots of the equation x 2 3kx 2k = 0 , where < < , find
2
2
the value of k.
(b) Find the value of cos + sec .
(a)
x 2 3kx 2k = 0
2k
Product of roots =
1
3
cos csc( ) = 2k
2
cos (sec ) = 2k
1
k=
2
Sum of roots =
(b)
3k
1
3
2
3
cos sec =
2
3
(cos sec ) 2 = ( ) 2
2
9
cos 2 2 cos sec + sec 2 =
4
9
cos 2 + sec 2 2 =
4
17
cos 2 + sec 2 =
4
2
2
(cos + sec ) = cos + 2 cos sec + sec 2
cos + (sec ) =
= cos 2 + sec 2 + 2
17
+2
4
25
=
4
=
<<
2
cos < 0 , sec < 0
cos + sec < 0
25
4
cos + sec =
=
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5
2
1
3
, where < <
.
4
2
(a) Find the value of sin + cos .
3
(b) Hence, find the value of sin( ) .
2
(Leave your answers in surd form.)
1
(a)
sin cos =
4
1
(sin cos ) 2 = ( ) 2
4
1
sin 2 2 sin cos + cos 2 =
16
1
1 2 sin cos =
16
15
sin cos =
32
93. It is given that sin cos =
(sin + cos ) 2 = sin 2 + 2 sin cos + cos 2

= 1 + 2 sin cos
15
= 1 + 2( )
32
31
=
16
3
<<
2
sin < 0 , cos < 0
sin + cos < 0
(b)
sin + cos =
31
16
31
4
sin(
3
) = cos
2
1
= [(sin + cos ) (sin cos )]
2
1
31
1
= [
( )]
2
4
4
31 1
=
8
3
3
, where
< < 2 .
2
2
(a)
Find the value of sin cos .
(b)
Find the value of tan( + ) .
(Leave your answers in surd form.)
94. It is given that sin + cos =
43

3
2
sin + cos =
(a)

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(sin + cos ) 2 = (
3
4
1 + 2 sin cos =
3
4
3 2
)
2
1
8
2
2
(sin cos ) = sin 2 sin cos + cos 2
sin cos =
= 1 2 sin cos
1
= 1 2( )
8
=
5
4
3
< < 2
2
sin < 0 , cos > 0
sin cos < 0
5
sin cos =
4
5
2
(b) tan( + ) = tan

sin
=
cos
1
[(sin + cos ) + (sin cos )]
= 12
[(sin + cos ) (sin cos )]
2
=
=
=
3
2
3
2
+ (
(
5
)
2
5
)
2
3 5
3 5
3+ 5
3 5
( 3 5 )2
( 3 )2 ( 5 )2
( 3 ) 2 2( 3 )( 5 ) + ( 5 ) 2
2
8 2 15
=
2
= 15 4
=
95. If sin 2 ( + ) =
1
, where is an obtuse angle, find the value of cot 2 ( + ) sec( + ) .
2
4
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1
4
1
(sin ) 2 =
4
1
sin 2 =
4
1
1
or (rejected)
sin =
2
2
sin 2 ( + ) =
y
P
2
ON 2 = OP 2 NP 2
= 2 2 12
=3
ON = 3
cot = 3
csc = 2
cot 2 ( + ) sec( + ) = (cot ) 2 (csc )

2
= cot 2 + csc
= ( 3 ) 2 + 2
=5
96. Prove that
3
) 1 + sec( 2 + )
2 =
cot( + )
tan( 2 )
1 + sec( 2 + )
1 csc( 2) + tan( +
1 + csc( )
1 csc( 2) + tan( + 32 )
1 + csc( ) tan( 2 )
cot( + )
1 csc[ (2 )] + tan( 32 + )
1 + csc(2 ) + tan( 32 + )
1 + csc( ) tan[ ( 2 )]
1 + csc( ) + tan( 2 )
1 + sec( 2 + )
cot( + )
1 + sec( 2 + )
cot( + )
1 csc cot 1 csc
1 + csc + cot
cot
cot (1 csc cot ) (1 csc )(1 + csc + cot )

(1 + csc + cot ) cot
cot csc cot cot 2 1 csc cot + csc + csc 2 + csc cot
cot 2 1 + csc 2
csc 2 + csc 2
=0
45

97. If [
1 csc( 2) + tan( +
1 + csc( ) tan(
sin( 32 + )
cos(4 )
3
)
2
)
2
1 + sec( 2 + )
cot( + )
sec( + ) 2
] is a root of the equation 2 y 2 5 y + 2 = 0, where 0 < < 2 ,
cot( 2 + )
.
sin( 32 + ) sec( + ) 2
cos sec 2
] =(
)
[
cos(4 ) cot( 2 + )
cos tan
= csc 2
csc2 is a root of the equation 2 y 2 5 y + 2 = 0 .
2(csc2 ) 2 5 csc 2 + 2 = 0
(2 csc 2 1)(csc2 2) = 0
csc2 2 = 0
csc2 = 2
or 2 csc 2 1 = 0
1
or
csc 2 =
2
1
or
2
1
sin =
2
sin 2 =
98. It is given that y =
(b)
(a)
sin 2 x sin 2 ( 2 x) + 2
.
2 sin x + 1
Hence find the maximum and minimum values of y.
sin 4 x sin 4 ( 32 x) + 4
y=
sin 2 x sin 2 ( 2 x) + 2
2
sin 4 x ( cos x) 4 + 4
sin 2 x (cos x) 2 + 2
sin 4 x cos 4 x + 4
sin 2 x cos 2 x + 2
(sin 2 x + cos 2 x)(sin 2 x cos 2 x) + 4

sin 2 x cos 2 x + 2
sin 2 x cos 2 x + 4
sin 2 x cos 2 x + 2
sin 2 x (1 sin 2 x) + 4
sin 2 x (1 sin 2 x) + 2
2 sin 2 x + 3
2 sin 2 x + 1
=1+
(b)
sin 4 x sin 4 ( 32 x) + 4
Prove that y = 1 +
sin 2 = 2 (rejected)
3 5
7
,
,
or
4 4 4
4
(a)

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2 sin x + 1
For any real number x,
2
find
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0 sin 2 x 1
1 2 sin 2 x + 1 3
1
1
1
3 2 sin 2 x + 1
2
2
2
2
3 2 sin x + 1
5
2
1+
3
2
3
2 sin x + 1
Maximum value of y = 3
Minimum value of y =
5
3
47

QB - M2E04 Trigonometry I

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(a) 188.2 = 188.2(

(b) 12.6 = 12.6(

3. Convert the following angles into degree measure.

= 48.13 (corr. to 2 d.p.)

(a) 0.84c = 0.84(

= 179.91 (corr. to 2 d.p.)

(b) 3.14c = 3.14(

5. In the figure, O is the centre of the circle. OA = 6 cm and AB = 9 cm .

(a) Find . (Express your answer in radian measure.)

Cambridge Physics PhD

Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT

(b) Area of minor sector OAB =

6. In the figure, PQ = 8 cm and POQ =

. Find the radius and the area of sector OPQ. (Express

Radius of sector OPQ =

Area of sector OPQ =

Radius of the sector =

(a) Find the value of r.

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(b) Area of the sector =

Cambridge Physics PhD

Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT

= 63.06 cm 2 (corr. to 4 sig. fig.)

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, find the length of AB.

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Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT

Perimeter of the shaded region = E F G + EB + BC + CG

= 13.9 cm (corr. to 3 sig. fig.)

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(a) Express the area of DOQR in terms of r and .

(b) Area of sector OPQ =

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Tutor IB DSE IGCSE SAT

(a) Find the value of r.

Area of sector OPQ =

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(b) Area of the shaded region =

Let the centres of the four circles be A, B, C and D.

ABC = BCD = CDA = BAD = rad.

(a) Find the area of DABC.

(a) Let D be a point on AB such that AB CD and E be a point on AB .

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(b) Required area = Area of sector CAEB Area of DABC

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(b) Area of sector OAB =

(a) Find and . (Express your answers in radian measure.)

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Length of the belt = CD + DF + FE + EC

= (15 + 2 475 + 10 + 2 475 ) cm

Area of trapezium ABFD =

23. Simplify (cot +

24. Simplify sin (sec3 sec ).

sin (sec3 sec ) = sin sec (sec2 1)

tan 2 (csc2 + sec 2 ) = tan 2 (

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(cos cot )(sin + sec ) = [