Assignment no.

1
Number System

Submitted by:
Espinosa, Richard Anderson A.
San Pedro, Leo Benedict D.

Submitted to:
ENGR. Jover Boyd T. Chan

Date:
November 14, 2014

Numeral/Number System
The Numeral System or Number System is a system of representing numbers,
as the decimal or binary systems. It is a system for expressing numbers that can be
used in Mathematical and Digital purposes.

Binary Numeral System

The prefix bi- stands for 2

The binary number system is a Base 2 number system.
The numbers 0 and 1are the symbols used to represent quantities.
Each place value in a binary number is a power of 2.

Examples:
1112 = 101B = (1 x 22) + (1 x 21) + (1 x 20) = 4 + 2 + 1 = 7
11012 = 1110B = (1 x 23) + (1 x 22) + (0 x 21) + (1 x 20) = 15

Octal Numeral System

The word octal is derived from the Latin root octo meaning eight.
1 octal digit is equivalent to 3 bits.
Numbers are expressed as powers of 8.
It uses eight symbols to represent a number. The set of symbols is (0, 1, 2, 3, 4,
5, 6, and 7).

Examples:
668 = (6 x 81) + (6 x 80) = 54
65438 = (6 x 83) + (5x 82) + (4 x 81) + (3 x 80) = 3427

Decimal Numeral System

The prefix deci- stands for 10.

Each place value in a decimal number is a power of 10.
The decimal number system is a Base 10 number system.
The (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9) is 10 symbols that represent quantities.

Example:
123410 = (1 x 103) + (2 x 102) + (3 x 101) + (4 x 100)
257610 = (2 x 103) + (5 x 102) + (7 x 101) + (6 x 100)

Hexadecimal Numeral System

1 hex digit is equivalent to 4 bits.

Each place value in a Hexadecimal number is a power of 16.
Uses sixteen symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, and E.

Examples:
9916 = 49H = (4 x 161) + (9 x 160) = 153
FAFA1C16 = (15 x 165) + (10 x 164) + (15 x 163) + (10 x 162) + (1 x 161) +
(12 x 160) = 16448028

Number systems conversion table

Decimal Base 10

Binary Base 2

Octal Base 8

Hexadecimal Base
16

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

0
1
10
11
100
101
110
111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F

Conversion examples of the Number System

Convert the following Hex to Binary, Decimal and Octal.
1. BA16
Binary
1011 1010 11012
Decimal
298910
Octal
56558

2. F0F16
Binary
1111 0000 11112
Decimal
3855 10
Octal
74178

3. FFFFAF7516
Binary
1010 1111 0111 01012
Decimal
420781218110
Octal
377777275658