Learning Methodology

There are lots of different learning theories that can be used to help guide a
teaching/learning process. One of the key issues to look at when examining any Learning
Theory is Transfer of Learning. Indeed, this is such an important idea, that it is a field of
research in its own right. Researchers and practitioners in this field work to understand
how to increase transfer of learning how to teach for transfer. Effective methods: a method
of instruction should be determined before the session; this may involve verbal
and non-verbal techniques while remembering that in
the acquisition of a motor skill the most effective technique
is HAVING A GO.
These are some of the learning methodologies:
BEHAVIORISM
Behaviorism is a worldview that operates on a principle of stimulus-response. All behavior
caused by external stimuli Behaviorism is assumes a learner is essentially passive, responding to
environmental stimuli. Behaviorism is a theory was primarily developed by B.F.SKINNER.Its
also called the learning perspective (where any physical action is a behavior), is a philosophy of
psychology that all things that organisms doincluding acting, thinking and feeling can and
should be regarded as behaviors . methodological behaviorism most notably in accepting
feelings, states of mind and introspection as existent and scientifically treatable.There are two
types of possible conditioning:
a)Classical conditioning
This is where the behavior becomes a reflex response to stimulus as in case of Pavlovs Dogs. Where
there dog drooled without the proper stimulus. Although no food was in sight their saliva still dribbled.

Pavlov's drooling dogs

. When a dog smiles food, saliva starts to pour. This saliva is needed in order to make the food easier to swallow.
Pavlov became interested in studying reflexes when he saw that the dogs drooled without the proper stimulus.
Although no food was in sight, their saliva still dribbled. It turned out that the dogs were reacting to lab coats. Every
time the dogs were served food, the person who served the food was wearing a lab coat. Therefore, the dogs reacted
as if food was on its way whenever they saw a lab coat.
In a series of experiments, Pavlov then tried to find out how these phenomena were linked. For example, he use a
bell when the dogs were fed. If the bell was sounded in close association with their meal, the dogs learnt to associate
the sound of the bell with food. After a while, at the mere sound of the bell, they responded by drooling.

2)Operant conditioning also called Radical behaviorism is a philosophy developed by

B.F. Skinner that underlies the experimental analysis of behavior approach to psychology
. Behaviorism (or behaviorism), also called the learning perspective . Skinner's approach
was characterized by empirical observation of measurable behavior which could be
predicted and controlled. It owed its early success to the effectiveness of Skinner's
procedures of operant conditioning, both in the laboratory and in behavior therapy