[]

[] 2
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9.1

(Thorndike) 1940
,

(
)()
()

()
()

(mecall)
2


()

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)
BC 65 80 95 B A
C B ?

1984 15

9.2
()

3
5

()()

80

21

=7 38+55

9.3

()

( 81 )

90 80 90 70 80
60 70 60
8-1

1
81

x i 1
2
3
4
5

s x i
i 1

2.

1
10

 8-2
81

A1

10

10

A2

30

30

24

18

12

A3

30

30

24

18

12

A4

20

20

16

12

A5

10

10

A1

0.10

B1

A2

0.30

B2

B3

B4

B5

B6

B7

B8

11

A3

0.30

A4

A5

0.20

0.1

B9

B10

B11

B12

B13

B14

B15

B16

i x i

16

s i x i
i 1

1.
8-3
8-3

2.
12

 10 2
20% 0.2
8-4
8-4

0.2
0.4
0.1
0.2
0.1

0
0.1
0.5
0.3
0.1

0.1
0.3
0.3
0.2
0.1

0.1
0.4
0.4
0.1
0

0.2
0.3
0.2
0.2
0.1

8-4
50% 30%
80%

84

0.2
0

R 0.1

0.1
0.2

0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1

0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1

0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1

0.4 0.4 0.1 0

0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

3.

A=[ 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 ]

13

B A R [ 0 .1 0 .3

0 .3

0 .2

0.2 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.1

0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.1

0.1] 0.1 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1

0 .1 0.4 0.4 0.1 0

0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.1

= [0.09 0.27 0.35 0.21 0.08]

B
9% 27%
35%21% 8%
4.

90 100 9010080907080
60 70 60
9585756550

95
85

V 75

65
50

14

 95
85

M=BV=[0.09 0.27 0.35 0.21 0.08]

75 75.4

65
50

()
75.4 7080
B R

9.4

15


(1)

(2)

( 46 )

(3)

()

16

3
4

4
3

2
3

a arccos cosa ( A) B
1
3

C D

3
arccos x arccos x A
4

x 0
1 x 1
0 C x 0 D x 0
2

1
(
))
()

17

(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
5

18

J A(02)
2 x
x y
2

y 3 sin( 2 x

) 83

);
3
x
( B ) y 3 sin( );
2 3
x 2
(C ) y 3 sin(
);
2
3
x
( D ) y 3 sin( );
2 3
( A) y 3 sin( 2 x

3
xx 3 3

cos (

5 6

5 6

94 5

94 5

-1

x A 1 B -1 C

) i sin( ) E 1 3i
3
3
2

19

x x 2 2(sin 2) x 3 cos 2

, 2 2

x 2 2(sin 2) x 3 cos 2 0 , 2 2

(1) R;

( 2) [0, ];

(3) [

, ]
4 2

( x 1) 2 ( y 2) 2

( x 4) 2 ( y 2) 2

9.5

7680889096 86 88

1
2
3

20

204090100100
6568717274 70

----
n x1,x2,x3,xn,
S

1 n
( xi x ) 2
n i 1

2
n S

1 n
( xi x ) 2

n i 1

n
23.96 3.16
3

1 xi (i 1,2, , n) x
2 x xi (i 1,2, n) x , x 2 , x 3 ,
35
3 y i

mi

8-2
8-3
8-4

21

n
100% P N n
N

50 26 0.52

x
100%
x

P x x
20 12
0.60

50 20 10
180 10 85
P

1 180
85
(

) 0.66
2 20 10 20 10

p p
q=1-p
q q
p q
0.6-0.8

22

rpq

x p xq
s

pq

r pq x p x q
P q S

15
A

65 70

21 49

80 50

35 20

81 69

78 55

77 90

42

8 7
8
0.5333; q 1 0.5333 0.4667;
15
548
334
xp
68.50; x q
47.71;
8
7
xi 882; xi2 58936;
p

1 n
( xi x ) 2
n i 1

xi2

( xi ) 2
n
n

23

(882) 2
15 21.72;
15

58936

r pq

x p xq
s

pq

68.50 47.71
0.5333 0.4667 =0.478.
21.72

PH 27% PL

D PH PL
0 D 1
D=1 D=0

52 10 0 8
3
8
3

0.5
10 10

0.4 0.2

x x 0

24

 xC x E
x x 0 xC x E

2

1

1Z
25

Zi

xi x
S

xi x S Z
Z
Z 4 Z=+4
-4 +4

80
8
70
80

50
5
60
50

130

-1.255 2 0.85
0 0 0

2T T=10Z+50 Z [44]
60 5
Z T

80
70
60
40

Z
4
2
0
-4
T
90
70
50
10

Z T

1
26

2:

1
2
3

3
4

1 . . 1988
2. . 1990
3.. 1992
4. . 2003
5. . 2004
62006
7. . 1994
8.. 1994
9. . 1989
10. . 1996
11[]A.A.. 1985

27


[]

[]

78

[/]
2
6[]
2.1 2.2 2.3
(6)
3.1 3.2 3.3
(4)
4.1 4.2 4.3
(16) []
5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5
(6)
6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4
6
7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4
(4) []
8.1 8.2 8.3
(6)
9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5
(8)
10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4
(4)
11.1 11.2 11.3
28

1.1
1.2

1.3

1
2
3

1
2
3

29

1
2
3

1
1
2
3
2

interview portfolio assessment

1.4

606

1300

1
2
3
30

4
5

1--
2

3
4
5

1
2
3
4
5

31

2.1

2.1

2.2

2.3

B.S.Bloom

1
2

3
4

32

Bloom

1. x>0y>0: (x2 +y2)1/2> (x3 +y3)1/3

2.Kepler x=qsinx+a ( 0<q<1, aR)
3.Ptolemy
ABCD+ACBD=ACBD

1
2
3
4
5
2.2

Wilson
1234
1 .
(1)

33

 r
(A) C=r2 (B) C=r (C) C=2r (D) C=2r2
(2)
5
(A)55555 (B) 5 (C)5+4+3+2+1 (D)54321 (E)54/2
(3)
1/20
(A) 5%

(B)10% D20% (D) 40%

2.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)
3.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)

4.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

NOTEWilson

34

1.:
(1)(2).
2.:
(1) (2) (3)
3.:
(1) (2) (3)
4.:
(1)
(2)
2.3

1
2
3

1.
(1)
(2)
1(- 1.1)
2(-P249)
3(-P268)
35

2.
A.
B.
C.
D.
: 1.1-P24
3.

:(-P254)
:-P25

1.-P2932

2.-P3236

3.1
3.2

36

3.3
3.4

3.1

[01] 0.90.

37

3.2

-P63

P79

-P75

I 40 100 60
1~30
31~40
II 10 100 100
1~10

-P233
-P97,160

1999 -P160

3.3

38

G. Polya

--P117
ABC O O1O2O3 O
RR1R2R3 RR1+R2+R3
-P117-121
1
2
3
4
56
789

1
1 ABCD MN=2AD=4 AB-AD+BC CD
ABC -P101
1-1(): ABCD AB=8BC-AD=4 CD
1-2(): AB N DC MADBC DC
ADBC x2-8x+12=0 :CD BC N
B E,: NBE
2
2 y=(x-1)/(2x-1) (x1/2),
x ; y=x

39

(open-ended problem)-P33
open-approach method-P55

-P142

n x1, x2xn,
p1,p2pn, p=ipi,

= xi/ xi,I=1,2n
(1)

40

 p=ipi
[0,1], 0 1

0.3(2~3 )
p=R/n*100%p= x/x
(2)
q=/()
()10 q 20
q 20,
q q
q 10
(3)

r=t/T, r-( 10%)T-

0.5 r1.5, r0.5 , r1.5
(4)

s=/px,
px p x

[-0.1,0.1],

41

 P168

P169
1 3 27 19
8
1 4
2 5
3

:
() =

n2n(n-1) =n2 -n (n-1)(n-1)= n2 -2n+1

V(n)=3 n2 -3n+1
:H(n)= n3 -3 n2 +3n-1= (n-1)3

42


2
Hk+1 =Hk -Hk +SkHk ,, Hk+1 k+1

, Hk k , , ; Hk

k , SkHk k Sk k

1
2 Hk=Hk+1 -Hk =(Sk-)Hk, Sk-=0 C:Sk=/

43

3.4 (-P86)

44

1 4000 75
5 1 80~90 2 60~80
3 60

2 300 1500
75 8
3 8800
ABCDE

4
T = 10Z + 50
5 60 5
Z T

219
230
236

45

-P169
-P43
-P208

5.1 P169

(P171-188)

46

5.2 -P43

47

3+1+

47

(fuzzy)
u1=,u2=,u3=,u4=
,u5=, U={u1,2,3,4,5}, v1=,v2=, v3=,v4=,
V={v1,2,3,4}, U V
R={ri,j}, i=1,2n,j=1,2m()
A={a1,a2..an}, B=AR

1 U={u123456}V= {v1234}
2 R123456
3 R={ri,j}, i=1,26,j=1,24()
4 A
5 B=AR

P195

P202
A1 B1 =0.15
1./0.20
2.0.30
3.0.35
4.0.15
A2 B2 =0.25
48

1.0.20
2.(0.25)
3.(0.35)
4. (0.20)

5.3
P208

49

5 A1A2A3
0.15,0.30,0.10,0.10,0.35
26
71
ABC
P225
5.4 P1

P3

50

8
P174
P15

A.B.C.

A.B.C.
D.E.
A.B.C.
D.
1y=|x|+c
y=|x| V

y=|x|+1 y=|x|+2 y=|x|-3

y=|x|
y=|x|+4
,
y=|x|+c y=|x+c|

2
y=ax2
51


y= x2, y= (x+3)2 y= (x+3)2-2

y=ax2+bx+c y=ax2
--

-P253

52


1.
2.P234-
3. 2001
,\\

[]

4
(Proposition)

1
1

53


2Mathematical Judgement
3
4Mathematial Proposition

2
1
2Simple)(Compound)
3
4

4
M p q M
pq p q

M
M

1 P.124)
2
3(Sufficient & Necessary Condition)P.127
4 P.126)
5Identity Principle
6Segmented Proposition P.128)
7

1
54

1
2
3

2
1
2
3
4

[Theorem] RtABCAD BC
AD2 = BD DC

[Exciese] ABCAD AD2 = BD CD BAC = 90

[]
l1 l2 k1 = k2
l1 l2

A.

C.

B.

D.

[]
M l1 l2
N l1 l2 k1 = k2 M N

55

56