SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS

Kenny H. Tantuico
SY 2014-1015
Part I
DAY 1 - 11 November 2014
I. Overview and Review
A. The Rules of Court
1. Part I - Civil Actions
2. Part II - Special Proceedings
3. Part III - Criminal Procedure
4. Part IV - Rules of Evidence
5. Part V - Legal Ethics
B. What is a Special Proceeding? - Sec. 3, RULE 1, Rules of Court.
C. Distinction Between Civil Action and Special Proceeding
1. Sec, 3, Rule 1 - Natcher v. CA, et. al., G.R. No. 133000, 02 October2001
2. With respect to pleadings - Natcher v. CA, et. al., Id.
3. With respect to parties - Montaer, et al v. Shari District Court, et. al., G.R. No.
174975, 20 Jan. 2009
4. With respect to notice - summons vs. publication.
5. With respect to the jurisdiction of the court.
a. De Borja v. Tan, et. al., G.R. No. L-7635, July 25, 1955
b. Pacioles, Jr. v. Chuatoco-Ching, G.R. No. 127920, 09 August 2005
6. Applicability of Art. 222, Civil Code - Vda. De Manalo v. Court of Appeals, 349
SCRA 135, G.R. NO. 129242, January 16, 2001
7. Default - Kilosbayan Foundation, et. al. v. Janolo, Jr., et. al., G.R. No. 180543,
27 July 2010.
8. With respect to appeals - Sec. 3 Rule 40 - 15 days vs. 30 days; Notice of Appeal
vs. Notice of Appeal and Record on Appeal; multiple appeals allowed in Special
Proceedings.
9. Joinder of causes of action.
a. Sec. 5[b], Rule 2 - The joinder [of causes of action] shall not include special
civil actions or actions governed by special rules.
b. Garcia Vds. De Chua v. CA, et. al., G.R. No. 116835, 05 March 1998
10. Rule on Execution of judgements by motion or by independent action [SEC. 6,
Rule 39. ] is not applicable - Spouses Topacio v. Banko Filipino Savings and
Mortgage Bank, G.R. No. 157644; 17 November 2010.
D. Distinction Between Venue and Jurisdiction.
1. Nocum, et. al. v. Tan, G.R. No. 145022, Sept. 23, 2005
2. Rudolf Lietz Holdings v. Registry of Deeds of Paraaque City, G.R. No. 133240,
Nov. 15, 2000
3. Fule, et al v. C.A., et al; G.R. Nos. L-40502 and 4267029 Nov. 1976
E. Jurisdiction of Courts
1. Jurisdictional amounts - Secs. 3 and 5, R.A. 7691 [amending B.P. 129] in relation
to SC Circular No. 21-99

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2. R.A. No. 8369 - Family Courts Act of 1997
3. Art. 143, P.D. No. 1083 [Code of Muslim Personal Laws of the Philippines].
II. Subject Matter of Special Proceedings
A. Sec. 1, Rule 72
1. Settlement of Estate of Deceased Persons - Rules 73 to 90
2. Escheat - Rule 91
3. Guardianship of the Person And/or Estate of Minors and Incompetents
a. Rules 92 to 97 applies when it comes to incompetents who are not minors.
b. A.M. No. 03-02-05-SC [Rule on Guardianship of Minors] applies when
it comes to minors.
4. Trustees - Rule 98
5. Adoption and Recission of Adoption
a. Rules 99 and 100 were repealed by Rule on Adoption [22 August 2002].
b. R.A. 8043 [Inter-country Adoption Act].
6. Custody of Minors - A.M. No. 03-04-04-SC [Rule on Custody of Minors and
Writ of Habeas Corpus in relation to Custody of Minors] - Custody of Minors is
not included in the SC 2014 Bar Syllabus nor in the proposed Revised Rules on
Special Proceedings.
7. Hospitalization of Insane Persons - Rule 101 - Although Rule 101 is still in
effect, this proceeding is not mentioned in the Supreme Court Syllabus for the
2014 Bar examination in Remedial Law, hence we will take this up only if we
have time.
8. Habeas Corpus - Rule 102 - Under the proposed Revised Rules on Special
Proceedings, Habeas Corpus will no longer be included. We will take this up only
if we have time.
9. Writ of Amparo - Rule on the Writ of Amparo
10. Writ of Habeas Data - A.M. No. 08-1-16-SC [Rule on the Writ of Habeas
Data]
The Writs of Amparo and Habeas Data are included in the Syllabus for the 2014 Bar
issued by the SC.
11. Change of Name - Rule 103; R.A. No. 9048
12. Cancellation or Correction of Entries in the Civil Registry - RULE 108; R.A.
No. 9048
13. Voluntary Dissolution of Corporations - RULE 104 is no longer applicable since
jurisdiction over voluntary dissolution of corporations is now with the SEC
pursuant to the Corporation Code, [P.D. 902-A, and the Securities Regulation
Code]. Also this is not included in the proposed Revised Rules on Special
Proceedings.
14. Judicial Approval of Voluntary Recognition of Minor Natural Children - RULE
105 no longer applicable since there no longer are minor natural children under
the Family Code, where the natural child under the Civil Code has been classified
together with illegitimate children. Although the Family Code did not apply
retroactively, there can no longer be any natural children who are still
minors today since the Family Code took effect 22 years ago..
15. Constitution of Family Home - RULE 106 - deemed unnecessary by Arts. 152
to 162, Family Code which provide that a person need not do anything except
to live in a house with his family for it to be considered a family home. However,
Sec. 5[h] of R.A No. 8369, [Oct. 1997] creating the Family Courts, provides
that Family Courts shall have exclusive original jurisdiction over petitions
for constitution of family home. Thus, such petitions may still be filed under the

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ROC. Rules 104 to 106 are not included in the 2014 Bar Syllabus or proposed
Revised Rules on Special Proceedings.
16. Absentees - RULE 107 [Sec. 1 (m), Rule 72 provides: Declaration of absence
and death]
B. Other Special Proceedings
1. Pacific Banking Corporation Employees Organization, et. al. v. CA, et. al., G.R.
No. 109373, 20 March 1995 - Example of special proceeding not mentioned in
Section 1, Rule 72
2. Corporate Rehabilitation - A.M. No. 00-8-10-SC - Rules of Procedure on
Corporate Rehabilitation [2008]
3. Summary Proceedings in the Family Code.
a. Separation in Fact - Arts. 239 to 248;
b. Incidents involving parental authority - Arts. 249 to 252;
c. Declaration of presumptive death for subsequent marriage -Articles 41;
d. Partition of conjugal properties - Art. 51;
e. Fixing of domicile in case of disagreement between the spouses- Art. 69;
f. Resolving objections to a spouses engaging in a profession, occupation,
business or activity - Art. 73;
g. Objection of wife to the administration of community property - Art. 96;
h. Objection of wife to the administration of conjugal property - Art. 124; and
i. Effects of separation in fact on the conjugal partnership - Art. 127.
4. Land Registration Cases - See, Spouses Topacio v. Banko Filipino Savings and
Mortgage Bank, G.R. No. 157644; 17 November 2010.
C. Sec. 2, Rule 72 - Applicability of Rules of Civil Actions
1. Sheker v. Estate of Alice O. Sheker, et. al., G.R. No. 157912, 13 December 2007
DAY 2 - 18 November 2014
III. Settlement of Estate of Deceased Persons - [Rules 73 to 90]
A. Definition of Terms
1. Administrator 2. Codicil
3. Devisee
4. Estate
5. Estate of Small Value
6. Executor
7. Heir
8. Inheritance
9. Intestate Estate
10. Testate Estate

11. Legatee
12. Letters Testamentary
13. Letters of Administration
14. Letters Rogatory
15. Preterition
16. Probate
17. Reprobate
18. Special Administrator
19. Testator
20. Will and Holographic Will

B. An Overview of Estate Proceedings

1. Estate Proceedings as a Procedural Framework for Transmission of Rights,
Property and Obligations.
a. Civil Code - Arts. 42, 774, 776, 777, 781-783
b. Settlement Means the Identification, Administration, Liquidation, and
Distribution of the Estate. [Proposed Revised Rules on Special Proceedings]

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2. The Estate As A Fictional Person
a. Limjoco v. Intestate Estate of Pedro O. Fragante, G.R. No. L-770, 27 April
1948
b. Ventura v. Militante, et. al., G.R. No. 63145, Oct. 5, 1999
3. Kinds of Estate
a. Testate - Rules 75 & 76 [With a Will]
b. Intestate - Secs. 1,2, 4 & 5, Rule 74 [Without a Will]
c. Estate of Small Value - Secs 2 & 3, Rule 74 [Secs 4 & 5 also applicable]
4. How Estates May Be Settled
a. Extrajudicially - Sec. 1, Rule 74
(1) By Affidavit of Self Adjudication
(2) By Agreement in a Public Instrument
b. Judicially (1) By Ordinary Action for Partition - Sec. 1, Rule 74; Rule 69
(2) By Petition for Allowance of Will [Rules 73, 75 & 76] and Issuance of
Letters Testamentary [Sec. 4, Rule 78]
(3) By Petition for Issuance of Letters of Administration - Sec. 6, Rule 78
5. Summary Nature of Settlement
a. Ermac, et. al. v. Medelo, et. al., 64 SCRA 358, G.R. No. L-32281, 19 June
1975
6. Action in rem
a. Alaban v. CA, G.R. No. 156021, 23 Sept. 2005
C. Venue and Jurisdiction in Estate Proceedings - Rule 73
1. Jurisdiction - Secs. 3 and 5, R.A. 7691 [amending B.P. 129] in relation to SC
Circular No. 21-99
2. How jurisdiction is acquired.
a. De Guzman v. Angeles, et. al., G.R. No. 78590, 20 June 1988 - jurisdiction
is acquired:
(1) Over the Proceedings
(2) Over the the Estate
(3) Over the Interested Parties
3. When the deceased is a Muslim
a. Musa, et. al. v. Hon Moson, et. al., G.R. No. 95574, 16 Aug. 1991.
b. Luisa Kho Montaer, et al. vs. Shari'a District Court, etc. et al., G.R. No.
174975, Jan. 20, 2009 4. Venue - Sec. 1, Rule 73
a. Meaning of the term resides.
(1) In the matter of the intestate estate of the late Kaw Singco (alias Co Chi
Seng). SY OA, administratrix-appellee, vs. CO HO, oppositor-appellant,
G.R. No. L-48444, 30 June 1943
(2) In the Matter of the Intestate Estate of the deceased Andres Eusebio.
Eugenio Eusebio, petitioner-appellee v. Amanda Eusebio, Juan Eusebio,
Delfin Eusebio, Vicente Eusebio, and Carlos Eusebio, oppositorsappellants, G.R. No. L-8408, Dec. 28, 1956
(3) Saludo, Jr. v. American Express, Intl., Inc., et. al., G.R. No. 159507, 19
April 2006
(4) Fule, et al v. C.A., et al; supra [1976]
b. If not and inhabitant, in any province where the decedent had properties.
c. Exclusionary Rule
(1) In the Matter of the Intestate Estate of the deceased Andres Eusebio,
supra.
(2) Rosa Cayetano Cuenco v. the Honorable Court of Appeals, Third
Division, Manuel Cuenco, Lourdes Cuenco, Concepcion Cuenco

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Manguerra, Carmen Cuenco, Consuelo Cuenco Reyes, and Teresita
Cuenco Gonzalez, G.R. No. L-24742, Oct. 26, 1973 d. Doctrine of Precedence of Probate Proceedings.
(1) Cuenco v. CA, supra
(2) Vicente Uriarte v. CFI of Negros Occidental, Juan Uriarte Zamacona, et.
al., G.R. No. L-21938-39, May 29, 1970
5. Where community property is involved:
6. Settlement of Estate where a person is presumed dead - Sec. 4, Rule 73; Civil
Code, Arts. 390-392.
a. Eastern Shipping Lines, Inc., petitioner, vs. Josephine Lucero, respondents,
G.R. No. L-60101, August 31, 1983
b. Petition for the presumption of death of Nicolai Szatraw. CONSUELO SORS,
petitioner-appellant, G.R. No. L-1780, August 31, 1948
c. Additional reading:
(1) In the matter of the petition for the declaration of William Gue,
presumptively dead. ANGELINA L. GUE, petitioner-appellant, vs. THE
REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, oppositor-appellee, G.R. No.
L-14058, March 24, 1960
(2) In the Matter of the Declaration of the Civil Status of: LOURDES G.
LUKBAN, Petitioner-Appellant, vs. REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES,
Oppositor-Appellee, G.R. No. L-8492, February 29, 1956.
d. Family Code
(1) Art. 41
(2) REPUBLIC OF THE PHILIPPINES, Petitioner, vs. THE HON. COURT
OF APPEALS (Twentieth Division), HON. PRESIDING JUDGE
FORTUNITO L. MADRONA, RTC-BR. 35 and APOLINARIA MALINAO
JOMOC, Respondents, G.R. No. 163604, May 6, 2005
7. Compulsory powers of the probate court - Sec. 3, Rule 73.
D. Summary Settlement of Estates - Rule 74
1. Sec. 1 Estates covered and procedure
a. Coverage - if the decedent:
(1) Left no will and no debts; and
(2) The heirs are all of age, or the minors are represented by their judicial or
legal representatives duly authorized for the purpose.
b. Mode [Sec. 1]:
(1) Extrajudicial Settlement - more than one heir and no disagreement as to
their respective shares or the partioning of the estate.
(2) Affidavit of Self Adjudication - If there is only one heir [same
requirements as above].
(3) No extrajudicial settlement shall be binding upon any person who has
not participated therein or had no notice thereof - Jovita Yap Ancog, and
Gregorio Yap, Jr., petitioners vs. Court of Appeals, Rosario Diez, and
Caridad Yap, respondents, G.R. No. 112260, June 30 1997
(4) Rule 69 - Ordinary civil action for partition - in case of disagreement
among the heirs [Bond requirement is applicable, to be filed
simultaneously with and as a condition precedent to the filing of the
action for partition].
(a) Emilia Figuracion-Gerilla v. Carolina Vda. De Figuracion, et. al., G.R.
No. 154322 22 August 2006
(b) Avelino v. CA, et. al., G.R. No. 115181, 31 March 2000.
(c) Victoria Bringas Pereira vs. The Court of Appeals and Rita Pereira
Nagac, G.R. No. L-81147, June 20, 1989 - Is a judicial administration

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2.

3.
4.

5.

proceeding necessary when the decedent dies intestate without leaving

any debts?
Estate Proceedings as a Prerequisite to the Filing of Civil Actions.
a. Faustino Reyes, Esperidion Reyes, Julieta C. Rivera, and Eutiquio Dico, Jr.,
petitioners v. Peter B. Enriquez, for himself and Attorney-in-Fact of his
daughter Deborah Ann C. Enriquez, and Sps. Dionisio Fernandez and
Catalina Fernandez, respondents, G.R. No. 162956, 10 April 2008
b. Isabel P. Portugal and Jose Douglas Portugal Jr., petitioners, vs. Leonila
Portugal-Beltran, respondent, G.R. No. 155555, August 16, 2005.
Estates of Small Value [Sec. 2 & 3]
a. Sebial v. Sebial, et. al., G.R. No. L-23419, June 27, 1975, 64 SCRA 385
Sec. 4. - Remedies of heirs/persons deprived of lawful participation in the estate;
2 year limit.
a. Maria Elena Rodriguez Pedrosa, petitioner, v. The Hon. Court of Appeals,
Jose, Carmen, Mercedes & Ramon, All Surnamed Rodriguez, Rosalina
Rodriguez, Chan Lung Fai, Mateo Tan Te, Te Eng Suy, Loreta Te, Victorio
S. Detalia, Jerome Deiparine, Petronilo S. Detalia, Hubert Chiu Yulo,
Paterio N. Lao, Lorensita M. Padilla, Immaculate Concepcion College and
Lilian Express, Inc. and Tio Tuan, respondents, G.R. No. 118680, March 5,
2001
Sec. 5. - 1 year extension of 2-year limit

E. Probate of Wills - Rules 75-76

1. Arts. 838, 854, 915 and 916 Civil Code
2. Rule 75 - Production and Allowance of Will
a. Spouses Ricardo Pascual and Consolacion Sioson v. Court of Appeals and
Remedios S. Eugenio-Gino, G.R. No. G.R. No. 115925, 15 August 2003
b. Union Bank v. Santibaez. et. al., G.R. No. 149926 Feb. 23 2005
c. Rafael E. Maninang and Solidad L. Maninang v. CA, Hon. Ricardo L.
Pronove, Jr. [as Judgeof CFI Rizal], and Bernardo Aseneta G.R. No. L57848, 19 June 1982.
d. Remedios Nuguid v. Felix Nuguid and Paz Salonga Nuguid.G.R. No. L23445, June 23 1966
e. Constantino C. Acain v. IAC, Virginia A. Fernandez and Rosa Diongson.
G.R. No. 72706, October 27, 1987
f. Testate Estate of Hilarion Ramagosa. Mariano Sumilang, petitioner v.
Saturnina Ramagosa, Santiago Ramagosa, Enrique Pabella, Liceria Pabella
and Andrea Ravalo, G.R. No. L-23135, Dec. 26, 1967
g. Testate Estate of The Late Adriana Maloto, Aldina Maloto Casiano,
Constancio Maloto, Purificacion Miraflor, Roman Catholic Church of Molo,
and Asilo De Molo v. Court of Appeals, Panfilo Maloto and Felino Maloto,
G.R. No. 76464 29 February 1988
h. Ethel Grimm Roberts vs. Judge Tomas R. Leonidas, Branch 38, Court of
First Instance of Manila; Maxine Tate-Grimm, Edward Miller Grimm Ii and
Linda Grimm, G.R. No. L-55509, April 27, 1984.

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