International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT), ISSN: 23488190

ICRTIET-2014 Conference Proceeding, 30th -31st August 2014

HYBRID FUZZY-PID CONTROLLER IN BUCK-BOOST CONVERTER

Priyanka Srivastava
M.Tech (ED&T)
Department of ED&T
NIELIT, GORAKHPUR

Shri S.k. Singh

Scientist-D
Shri. Nishant Tripathi
Scientist-C
Department of ED&T
NIELIT, GORAKHPUR

ABSTRACT
Different types of controlling methods are used in
switched mode dc-dc converters and the controller which
is simple and of low cost is always in demand. The
different controllers used are PI controller, PID
controller and Fuzzy logic controller. PI and PID
controllers do not give good performance in non linear
conditions. Fuzzy logic controller is a non linear
controller which do not need exact information of
mathematical model. Hybridization of the two
controllers can be done to exploit the advantageous sides
of both controllers to obtain better performance as
compared to above two controllers.
Keywords-Buck-Boost Converter, Fuzzy logic controller
(FLC), Hybrid Fuzzy-PID Controller, Matlab/Simulink.

1. INTRODUCTION
DC-DC converters are basically used to convert
unregulated DC input voltage into regulated DC output
voltage and to serve this purpose switch mode DC-DC
converters are used[1]. Some converters can be used to
generate output voltage which is less than input voltage,
some are used to generate output voltage greater than
input voltage and few to do the either functions. A buck
boost converter is a converter that can generate output
voltage either greater than or smaller than output
voltage. Important difference is isolation between
converters.
There are two different topologies in buck boost
converter. One is inverting topology and second
is non inverting topology. In Inverting topology output is
opposite to that of input and the output is adjusted on the
basis of duty cycle. There is one drawback in this
converter is that switch does not have a terminal ground,
this creates complications in circuit. However it does not
have any consequence if power supply is isolated from
the load. And therefore supply and diode polarity can be
reversed by isolation of supply with load. The second
one is the non inverting topology in which output will

have the same polarity as input and it can generate

output either smaller than or greater than the input.

Figure 1: Buck-Boost Converter

The converter consists of a dc input voltage source VS,
controlled switch S, inductor LS, Diode D, a filter
capacitor C and a load resistance RL. When switch S
becomes on, the inductor current increases and diode
becomes reversed biased. When the switch is turned off,
the diode provides a path for the inductor current.

Figure 2: Basic idea of converter with controller

2. FUZZY LOGIC CONTROLLER

A fuzzy logic controller is built up by a group of rules
which are based on human knowledge about the system
behaviour and design of fuzzy logic controller can
provide desirable both small signal and large signal
dynamic performance at same time, which is not
possible with linear control technique i.e. PID control
technique [2-4].

Divya Jyoti College of Engineering & Technology, Modinagar, Ghaziabad (U.P.), India

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT), ISSN: 23488190
ICRTIET-2014 Conference Proceeding, 30th -31st August 2014

The main purpose of designer is to achieve output

voltage which is equal to reference voltage. The most
commonly used technique which is used to perform
fuzzy inference method is Mamdani method. A
Mamdani type Fuzzy Controller is designed for
simulation of Buck-Boost Converter[5]. The inputs
applied in FLC are:

The voltage error (e) (reference voltage subtracted

from actual voltage.)
The change of the voltage error (ce) (previous
error subtracted from current error) over one sample
period.
Different shapes of membership functions are used to
design FLC. And its value is normalized in [-1,1]. It can
be represented in graphical forms. Shape of membership
function has to be considered as an important criterion
while design of fuzzy logic controller[6].

Figure 5: Plot of Membership function for error

Figure 3: FLC controller in Buck-Boost converter

The membership function plot for error, change in error
and output are shown below.

Figure 6: Plot of Membership function for change in

error

Figure 4: Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) Editor

Divya Jyoti College of Engineering & Technology, Modinagar, Ghaziabad (U.P.), India

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT), ISSN: 23488190
ICRTIET-2014 Conference Proceeding, 30th -31st August 2014

two different controllers to achieve better performance

as compared to individual controllers. Fuzzy logic
controller provides fast rise time and less percentage of
overshoot [8]. PID controller provides low steady state
error i.e. better accuracy. Therefore a hybrid model is
designed using the two controllers which improves the
performance of DC-DC Buck-Boost converter . The
diagram shown below describes hybrid controller with
the converter. The converter functions in buck mode for
0 to 0.1 seconds and in boost mode for 0.1 to 0.2
seconds.

Figure 7: Plot of Membership function for output

The three basic steps to design FLC block are
fuzzification, inference and defuzzification. Membership
function plots are obtained and a set of IF-THEN Rules
are formed for the controller. Then finally simulation
and testing is done on the simulink model.

Figure 9: Block diagram of Hybrid Fuzzy-PID

Controller in Buck-Boost converter

4. Simulation Results

Classical PID controllers are the efficient techniques to

fulfill the performance requirements despite the system
uncertainties [7].PID controllers are designed by
adjusting KP, KI and KD and this process is called tuning
of controller. Fuzzy logic controller is digital and non
linear controlling method which ensures large signal
stability. However PID controllers results in minimum
steady state error. Therefore the hybridization of the
controllers i.e. PID controller and fuzzy logic controller
came into an idea to utilize the beneficial sides of both
the controllers.

All schematic simulations are performed on

Matlab/Simulink tool with input voltage 12 volt and
reference voltage 10 volt and 30 volt. Simulation results
of Fuzzy logic controller and Hybrid Fuzzy-PID
controller in Buck-Boost converter circuit are shown.
The model is tested in Buck mode for 0 to 0.1 seconds
and in Boost mode for 0.1 to 0.2 seconds. FLC provides
9.62V in buck mode and 29.65 V in Boost mode
whereas Hybrid Fuzzy-PID controller provides 9.84V in
Buck mode and 29.87V.FLC controller provides
deviation of 0.038% in buck mode and 0.1167% in boost
mode whereas hybrid fuzzy-PID controller provides
deviation of 0.016% in buck mode and 0.0043% in boost
mode.

Figure 8: Block diagram of a Hybrid Fuzzy-PID

Controller
Hybridization means combination of two different
categories. It is a process to combine the performance of

(a)Fuzzy logic controller in Buck Boost converter

3. Hybrid Fuzzy-PID Controller

Divya Jyoti College of Engineering & Technology, Modinagar, Ghaziabad (U.P.), India

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International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Technology (IJAERT), ISSN: 23488190
ICRTIET-2014 Conference Proceeding, 30th -31st August 2014

[7] i.Eker and Y.Torun, Fuzzy Logic control to be

conventional method, Energy Conversion and
Management ,vol 47,pp 377-394,3//2006.
[8] B.R.Lin, C.Hua, Buck/Boost converter control with
fuzzy logic approach, IEEE Industrial Electronics,
Control, and Instrumentation, Vol.2, Pages 1342-1346,
1993.

(b)Hybrid Fuzzy-PID controller in Buck-Boost

converter
Figure 10: Output voltage and current waveform of
Buck-Boost converter with (a) fuzzy logic controller and
(b) Hybrid fuzzy-PID Controller

5. Conclusion
This paper has investigated the Hybrid Fuzzy-PID
Controller for Buck-Boost converter. The output voltage
waveform has been obtained for the two controllers. And
it has been concluded that Hybrid Fuzzy-PID Controller
provides better output voltage waveform as compared to
Fuzzy logic controller.

References
[1] L.Guo, Implementation of Digital PID Controllers
for DC-DC Converters using Digital Signal Processors,
IEEE International Conference , Pages 306-311, 2007.
[2] Liping Guo, J.Y.H.a.R.M.N., comparative
Evaluation of Linear PID and Fuzzy Control for a Boost
Converter.
[3] Paolo Mattavelli, L.R., Giorgio Spiazzi and Paolo
Tenti General-Purpose Fuzzy Controller for DCDC
Converters. IEEE Trans. Vol. 12. Issue 1.79-86, 1997.
[4] Dr.K.Thanushkodi, N.R.a., Bi-directional DCDC
Converter with Adaptive Fuzzy Logic Controller. 2009.
No. 1(89).
[5] W. C. So, C. K. Tse, and Y. S. Lee, Development of
a fuzzy logic controller for DC/DC converters: design,
computer simulation, and experimental evaluation,.
IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 11, pp.24 - 32,
January 1990.
[6] S. N. Sivanandam, S. Sumathi and S. N. Deepa,
Introduction to Fuzzy Logic using MATLAB, SpringerVerlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.

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