"Drilling

"D
illi Optimization
O ti i ti off the
th Carboniferous
C b if
Formation
F
ti
Using Automated Drilling Tools and Hybrid Bits
1
1era.
C f
Conferencia
i Magistral
M i t l de
d lla EMI
SPE STUDENT CHAPTER COCHABAMBA
Gustavo Prraga / Paul Schulhauser Baker Hughes
Edwin Badani Repsol

Cochabamba, Bolivia
June, 7th 2013

Presentation outline

I. Introduction
II Background
II.
III. Development
IV Field Results
IV.
V. Conclusions

I.

Introduction Geographical Location

415,000
7'690,000

425,000

420,000

430,000
7'690,000

HCY-X1
7'685,000

7'685,000

7'680,000

7'680,000

Ubicacin
Pozo MGR-6
7'675,000

7'675,000

MGR-4
Ubicacin
Pozo MGR-5
7'670,000

7'670,000

MGR-X3

Field located in Southern Bolivia

Typical Sub-Andean
Sub Andean structure
Carboniferous sequence poses the
greatest challenges
Margarita field off-set wells

7'665,000

7'665,000

7'660,000

7'660,000

MGR-X1

MGR-X2
7'655,000
415,000

420,000

425,000

7'655,000
430,000

I.

Introduction Formation analysis

Carboniferous Period comprises:

San Telmo (mudstone interbedded
with Diamictite, Sandstone and
P lit )
Pelite)
Escarpment (Las Peas)
(Sandstone interbedded with
Conglomerate and Pelite)
Tarija (Sandstone and Diamictite)
Itacuami (Pelite)
Tupambi
T
bi (Sandstone
(S d t
i t b dd d
interbedded
with Conglomerate and Pelite)

II.

Background History drilling

Escarpment

Tarija I
Itacuami I
Tupambi I

HCY-X1

Taiguati

Bororigua
Fault

Escarpment II
MGR-6

Tarija

MGR-4
MGR-5
MGR-X3

Itacuami II

Itacuami

Escarpment III

MGR-X1

Tupambi
Itacuami III

MGR-X2

Tupambi III

Cost difference for using different systems: 3.9M (17 section)

Well closure in MGR-X4 = 50m @ 3294m

Well closure in HCY-X1 = 118m @ 3299m

Iquiri I

17 Sections

Tarija II

UCS 0-30ksi

MGR-4 (VTK)
2004

HCY-X1 (RSS)
2006

Drilling time in HCY-X1 took 44 days longer to reach 3300m than

MGR-X4 (only 17 section)
Both sections drilling the same geologic sequence Escarpment
Taiguati Tarija Tupambi (2200m length)

MGR X4: 19 BIT RUNS TO REACH 3294m

MGR-X4:
HCY-X1: 38 BIT RUNS TO REACH 3386m

II.

Background Scenario
Top issues to be focused on them for improvements
Geology

No control

Examine formation properties and

perform trials on Simulator
BHA

Drilling System Enhancement

Vibration Management
H l tortuosity
Hole
t t
it

Bit

Bit design
New cutting structure
Bit selection/optimization
Hydraulics
Vibration Management

II.

Background Scenario
Geology

High dip angles (deviation tendency)

Poorly sorted formation (Diamictites-Long sequence)
Large Diameter drilling (17 to 3200m)
Drilling inefficiencies and formation instability

Trial performed to analyze rock properties and influence on drilling

Bit with no damage
g g on the bottom
Formation-inserts sloughing
OC initiation (ledges on the wall)
TR on bottom visible
Hard-Sandy formation with ductile behavior
Tarija - 95% Quarzt
UCS 26 KPSI

II.

Background Scenario
BHA

BHA design influences on results:

Deviation
C t l
Control

Hole quality
Hole instability

Poor
Performances

Tortuosity
BHA

Parameters

Drilling time

Vibrations

Uneven wear on pads of RSS

Influenced by Off Center mechanism

DHM+RNBS

DHM+STB SLEEVE

II.

Background Scenario
Bits
Tracking, Off-Center and
Rounded Gage
considered as main dull
characteristics

1st experience of
impregnated bit and
turbine
Lost in Hole & Side
Track
(17 MGR-5)
17 PDC (HCY-X1)

III.

Development
A Performance Drilling Proposal
Proposal, combining automated drilling systems
(Vertitrak/TruTrak) and hybrid bits (Kymera) is offered as the Best Solution for
improving last poor performances through Carboniferous.
Carboniferous

Objectives to be achieved:
Keep verticality.
Improve hole quality.
Reduce tortuosity.
Reduce bit runs.
Increase ROP values.
Reduce wear on string and casing.
casing
Reduce
Reduce torque and drag.
Maximum safety for the casing program.

III.

Genesis of Kymera design

Roller Cone
B
Basic
i C
Cutting
tti M
Mechanics
h i

CRUSHING

PDC
Basic
asic Cutting Mechanics

SHEARING

III.

Kymera bit action on bottom

III.

Automated Directional Drilling Tools

Pulser

Power Section

Control Sub

Pulser

Power
P
Section

Assembly

Electronics,

Steering
Head

Sensors,
Hydraulics

Steering
Head

III.

Automated Directional Drilling Tools

Movie created from experience in Northern Argentina (Mac-1001 vs. Mac-1001bis wells - PAE)

IV.

Field Results Drilling curves

Daily curves

Remarkable results

3 Kymera bits (24)

for drilling 990m

Distance drilled and ROP

significantly
g
y increased

4 Kymera bits (17)

for drilling 1321m
except
6 Kymera bits
(17) for
drilling 1509.5m
(169m of the section
length drilled with
other bit types)

Cut several days off

original drilling curves (not
shown)
Improved last poor
experiences using previous
technologies (bits & drilling
systems)
y
)

IV.

Field Results Drilling curves of 24-26

DHM
VTK
DHM
VTK

3 Kymera bits for drilling 990m

(MGR-6)
Considered as the Best Performance
through Carboniferous formation.
Greater distance drilled per bit
(2 4X)
(2.4X).
Improved ROP (2.5X).
(a) Savings of 14 days compared to
b t Offset
best
Off t (MGR-4).
(MGR 4)
(b) Savings of 20 days compared to
last drilled Offset (MGR-5).

BEST
PERFORMANCE

Total Net Savings 24 Section

(a) 14 days
(b) 20 days

~US$
$ 2.000.000
Considering Operational Costs of US$100.000/day

Field Results Bit Runs & ROP per well

BEST PERFORMANCE!!!

ROP [m/h]

24-26 Comparison

Runs perr section

IV.

IV.

Field Results Drilling curves of 17

DHM-RSS
VTK
TTK-VTK-DHM-TUR
TTK VTK DHM TUR
TTK-VTK

Considered as the Best Performance

through Carboniferous formation.
Greater distance drilled per bit
(4.6X).
Improved ROP (2.7X).
(a) Savings of 24 days compared to
best Offset (MGR-4).
(b) Savings of 33 days compared to
last drilled Offset (MGR-5).

BEST
PERFORMANCE

Total Net Savings 17 Section

(a) 24 days
(b) 33 days

~ US$ 3.300.000
Considering Operational Costs of US$100.000/day

Field Results Bit Runs & ROP per well

ROP [m/h]

17 Comparison

Runs per se
ection

IV.

6 Kymera bits
for 1509.5m
4 Kymera bits
for 1321m

IV.

Field Results Records

Ability to drill greater distances at higher ROP
Size

Type

DD

ROP

Well

Formation

24

HP633X

457

5.3

MGR-6

TARIJA

24

HP633X

429

4.1

MGR-6

TARIJA

17

KM633

382

3.1

MGR-5

TARIJA

17

KM633

328

2.9

MGR-5

ITAC.-TUPAMBI

17

KM633

303

4.2

MGR-5

TAIGUATI-TARIJA

V.

Conclusions
1. Hybrid

Technology

(Kymera

bits)

greatly

adapts

to

the

drilling

environment through the Carboniferous period.

2. Drilling Dysfunctions such as Off Center wear, Rounded Gage, Flat
Cresting and Tracking are greatly minimized or eliminated all together.
3. Synergy between Hybrid bits (Kymera) and Automated Vertical Drilling
Systems (VertiTrak/TruTrak) helps maximize drilling performances,
turning difficult environments easy to drill at excellent rates.
4. Get collateral benefits as improved hole quality, less tortuosity, reduced
borehole instability, less wear of string and casing, less time for running
casings
5 Very
5.
V
obvious
b i
E
Economical
i l Impact.
I
t

THANKS
QUESTIONS?