EE-301 END-SEMESTER EXAMINATION

Instructions: There are NINE questions in this paper and the Maximum score is 100. This is a closed
book examination.

Useful Relations:
a) Voltage reflection coefficient at the load end:

Z L Z0
.
ZL Z0

b) At any point on the line, the ratio of the phasor voltage to phasor current is given in the
impedance transformation. For a lossless line we have:

LC , Z 0

L
r
C

c) Maxwell's equations in differential and integral form:

d
S
Qenc

B dS 0

D

B 0

B
E
t

D
H J
t

d
l

B dS

t S

H dl SJ dS t SD dS

d) Maxwells equations in phasor form:

D

B 0

E j B

H J j D
e) The magnetic flux is given by:

B dS
S

f) Auxiliary equations of applied fields inside media:

D 0 (1 e ) E 0 r E

B 0 (1 m ) H 0 r H

f) In a medium with finite conductance , relative permittivity r with the conduction

current density J , we have:

J E , r r j

g) The current continuity equation relating the charge density and the current density J :

J
t

h) For propagating waves in a media, the propagation constant and impedance is given by:

, Z

i) Energy carried by electric and magnetic fields in instantaneous and phasor form:
1
1
D E , WM B H
2
2
1 ~ ~ ~
1~ ~
~
WE E D , WM B H
2
2
WE

j) Poynting theorem in instantaneous form:

t W t W E J E H dS P dS

k) Poynting vector in instantaneous and phasor form:

~ ~ ~
P E H, P E H

l) Average power in phasor form:

1
1
~ ~
~
Pav Re E H Re P
2
2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------QUESTIONS
1) A coaxial cable consists of an inner conductor of radius a and an outer conductor of
radius b . The space between the conductors is filled with a dielectric of permittivity and
permeability . The length of the cable is L . The inner conductor has a surface charge
density of S .
a) Find the electric field in the region between the conductors.

(3 Marks)

b) Find the capacitance of the structure using the definition C Q / V

(4 Marks)

c) Assuming that a current I flows through the inner conductor, find the magnetic field H
between the conductors.
(3 Marks)

d) Find the inductance of the structure using the definition L / I

(4 Marks)

e) A voltage source, v , is connected to a pure resistor R by the same coaxial cable as

shown below. Find the Poynting vector inside the dielectric and show that it leads to the
same instantaneous power in the resistor as methods used in circuit analysis.
(6 Marks)

(Total: 20 Marks)
2) A coaxial cable with inner radius 5 mm and outer radius 6 mm and length 500 mm is filled
with a dielectric of relative permittivity r 6.7 , and a voltage V 240 sin 377t is applied
between the outer and inner conductors. The voltage is applied between the conductors by
a signal generator connected via perfectly conducting wires. a) Determine the displacement
current between the conductors and, b) compare it with the conduction current through the
wires. c) How and why are they related? d) What happens if the conducting wires are not
perfect and had a finite conductivity?
(8 Marks)
3) A transmission line of length L is connected in between an ideal dc voltage source (no
input impedance) with voltage V0 and a matched load Z L Z 0 . At t 0 the voltage source
is turned on. Assume that the signal velocity along the line is v .
a) Sketch the voltage across the load V L as a function of time.

(2 Marks)

b) Now assume that the load is not matched such that Z L RL Z 0 . Explain qualitatively
what happens at the load end and at the generator end with time.

(4 Marks)

c) Sketch the voltage across the load V L as a function of time.

(6 Marks)

d) What happens to the voltage across the load V L after in steady state?

(3 Marks)
(Total: 15 Marks)

4) The complex electric field of a uniform plane wave is given by

E 10 2

2 x (1 j )e j / 4 z e jy

(a) Find the polarization of the wave (linear, circular or elliptical)

(2 Marks)

(b) Determine the sense of rotation (clockwise or anticlockwise)

(2 Marks)

(c) Sketch the figure the electric field traces as a function of t

(2 Marks)

(d) Determine the time average power flow density of the wave.

(2 Marks)
(Total: 8 Marks)

5) A uniform plane wave with electric field in the plane of incidence, whose incident electric
field has an x component with an amplitude of 10 3 V / m , is traveling in a free-space
medium and is normally incident upon a lossy flat earth (conductor) as shown in the figure
below.

Assume that the constitutive parameters of the earth are 2 9 0 , 2 0 and

2 10 1 S / m with the frequency being 1 MHz .

a) Can we regard the earth as a good conductor? Why?

(2 Marks)

b) Derive an expression for and calculate the intrinsic impedance of the earth.

(3 Marks)

c) Calculate the total electric field magnitude on the air side of the interface

(3 Marks)

d) Calculate the skin depth of the earth and determine the variation of the conduction
current density in the earth
(4 Marks)
(Total: 12 Marks)
6) In a certain cross section of a rectangular waveguide the instantaneous components of
the electric field are given by
x y
x y
E y A sin cos , E x B cos sin , E z 0
a b
a b

Identify the mode of operation and calculate the cut-off frequency

(5 Marks)

7) The time harmonic complex fields inside a source-free conducting pipe of rectangular
cross section (waveguide shown below) filled with free space are given by:

x
E yE0 sin e j z z ,0 x a,0 y b
a

Where, z 0 1 , E 0 is a constant and 0 0 0 . For a section of waveguide
2a
of length l along the z axis, determine
2

a) The corresponding complex magnetic field.

(3 Marks)

b) The supplied complex power.

(3 Marks)

c) The exiting complex power.

(3 Marks)

d) The dissipated real power.

(3 Marks)

e) Verify the conservation of energy equation in integral form is satisfied for this set of fields
inside this section of the waveguide.
(4 Marks)
(Total: 16 Marks)
8) Consider a typical antenna set up with a transmitter and a receiver in its far field.
a) Draw the equivalent circuit of a transmitting antenna. Define various power metrics
involved.
(2 Marks)
b) Assume that a maximum power of Pmax is radiated along the main direction. Define the
directivity, gain and efficiency of the antenna.

(3 Marks)

c) Derive a relationship between the three quantities defined above.

(3 Marks)

d) Draw the equivalent circuit of the receiving section. How is the open circuit voltage
estimated?
(2 Marks)
(Total: 10 Marks)
9) The radiation pattern function of a finite length dipole antenna of length L is given by:
F ( )

Sketch the radiation patterns for ,

cosL cos cosL

sin

3
and 2 dipole antennas.
2

(6 Marks)

-----------------------------------------------------The End-----------------------------------------------------------