EHS Design Development

Regulations

First Edition 2009

Page 1 of 119

Section I (EHS)
Table of Contents

CHAPTER 1 - PRELIMINARY
1.0 SCOPE

...............................................................................................................8

2.0 DEFINITIONS

...............................................................................................................9

3.0 EHS-TRAKHEES-PCFC PRELIMINARY REQUIREMENTS ...................................................11

3.1 CONCEPT PROPOSAL STAGE ....................................................................................................... 11
3.2 EHS-NOC FOR BUILDING PERMIT ................................................................................................. 11
3.3 COMMENCEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS ......................................................................... 11
3.3.1 CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY ................................................................................................. 12
3.4 FACILITY COMPLETION CERTIFICATE.......................................................................................... 12
3.5 START OF THE OPERATION........................................................................................................... 12
3.6 POWERS OF THE AUTHORITY....................................................................................................... 12
3.7 RESPONSIBILITIES AND DISPUTES .............................................................................................. 12
4.0 DRAWING SUBMISSION REQUIRMENTS ...................................................................................... 13
5.0 APPLICATION OF GREEN BUILDING REGULATIONS.................................................................. 13

CHAPTER 2 - GENERAL EHS REQUIREMENT

6.0 FACILITY INGRESS AND EGRESS................................................................................................. 15
7.0 PARKING

15

8.0 VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING ....................................................................................... 16

9.0 DRAINAGE

............................................................................................................................... 16

9.1 DOMESTIC DRAINAGE.................................................................................................................... 16

9.2 WATER SUPPLY .............................................................................................................................. 22
9.3 RAINWATER DRAINAGE ................................................................................................................. 23
9.4 A/C DRAIN ........................................................................................................................................ 23
10.0 IRRIGATION

............................................................................................................................... 23

Page 2 of 119

11.0 GARBAGE DISPOSAL ..................................................................................................23

11.1 GARBAGE COLLECTION SKIP INDUSTRIAL FACILITY ............................................................... 23
11.2 GARBAGE ROOM OR CHUTES AND COLLECTION AREAS........................................................ 24
11.3 AMOUNT OF GARBAGE (CALCULATION CRITERIA)................................................................... 25
11.4 STANDARD MEASUREMENT FOR GARBAGE ROOM AREAS .................................................... 25
11.5 SECIFICATION FOR GARBAGE CHUTE ....................................................................................... 25

CHAPTER - 3 INDUSTRIAL & WAREHOUSING DEVELOPMENT

12.0 RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY ......................................................................................................... 28
12.1 GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING RISK ASSESSMENT (RA) STUDY ......................................... 30
12.2 OUTLINE FOR RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY REPORT ................................................................. 31
12.3 SPECIFIC FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS TO BE ADDRESSED ...................................... 33
12.4 GUIDELINE NOTES........................................................................................................................ 34
13.0 FENCING & PLOT LEVELING ....................................................................................................... 37
14.0 LOADING/UNLOADING DOCKING ARRANGEMENTS: ............................................................... 37
15.0 INDOOR AIR QUALITY .................................................................................................................. 38
16.0 ILLUMINATION............................................................................................................................... 39
17.0 RACKING SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................ 39
18.0 FUEL / CHEMICAL STORAGE TANK INSTALLATION................................................................. 39
19.0 HAZRDOUS/DANGEROUS CHEMICAL STORAGE WAREHOUSE ............................................. 41
20.0 LP GAS INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................ 43
21.0 MACHINERY INSTALLATION GENERAL REQUIRMENT............................................................. 44
22.0 BOILERS & PRESSURE VESSEL ................................................................................................. 45
23.0 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT............................................................................................................ 46
24.0 ABRASIVE BLASTING................................................................................................................... 46
25.0 PAINT / BLAST BOOTHS / ROOMS .............................................................................................. 48
26.0 RADIOACTIVE WORKS ................................................................................................................. 49

Page 3 of 119

27.0 DISCHARGE OF WASTE GASES, FUMES AND DUSTS TO THE ATMOSPHERE...................... 49

28.0 INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER....................................................................................................... 50
29.0 CHEMICAL LABORATORIES ........................................................................................................ 51
30.0 NOISE EXPOSURE ........................................................................................................................ 51
31.0 BATTERY CHARGING AREA ........................................................................................................ 52
32.0 WELFARE FACILITIES .................................................................................................................. 52
32.1 SANITARY FACILITY...................................................................................................................... 52
32.2 MESSING & CHANGING ROOM .................................................................................................... 53
32.3 FIRST AID MEDICAL FACILITY...................................................................................................... 54

CHAPTER 4 - RESIDENTIAL / COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT

33.3 MESS AND KITCHEN: ................................................................................................................... 56
34.0 SHAFTS & DUCTS ......................................................................................................................... 56
35.0 DIESEL GENERATOR.................................................................................................................... 58
36.0 EMERGENCY LIGHTING ............................................................................................................... 59
37.0 BUILDING MAINTENANCE UNIT................................................................................................... 59
38.0 SWIMMING POOL .......................................................................................................................... 59
38.1 GENERAL COMMENT.................................................................................................................... 59
38.2 CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE / OPERATION AND SAFETY OF SWIMMING POOLS ........ 60
38.3 SAFETY EQUIPMENT AND LIFE GUARDS ................................................................................... 60
39.0 STAFF ACCOMODATION .............................................................................................................. 61
39.1 SEGREGATED STAFF ACCOMODATION ..................................................................................... 61
39.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.......................................................................................................... 61

CHAPTER 5 - TEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT

40.0 TEMPORARY LABOUR CAMP FACILITIES.................................................................................. 64
40.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENT ............................................................................................................ 64
40.2 FIRE & RESCUE REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................... 65
40.3 FOOD & HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................................ 67
Page 4 of 119

41.0 TEMPORARY INSTALLATION OF DIESEL FIRED GENERATORS ............................................. 70

42.0 SITE OFFICE ........................................................................................................................... 71

CHAPTER 6 - MISCELLANEOUS
43.0 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT..................................................................................................... 73
44.0 SIGN BOARD. ............................................................................................................................. 73
44.1 WARNING SIGNS ........................................................................................................................... 73
45.0 HANDRAIL & LADDERS ................................................................................................................ 73
46.0 PUBIC HEALTH.............................................................................................................................. 74
46.1 PUBLIC NUISANCE ........................................................................................................................ 73
46.2 PREVENTION OF RODENTS......................................................................................................... 74
46.3 TERMITES CONTROL.................................................................................................................... 74
46.4 PET ANIMALS................................................................................................................................. 74
47.0 DEMOLITION WORKS ................................................................................................................... 74
CHAPTER 7 - SUPPLEMENTAL
TABLE NO. 1 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LIMITS FOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS (GASES) .............. 77
TABLE NO. 2 MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LIMITS FOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS (DUST)............... 79
TABLE NO. 3 ILLUMINATION LEVEL...................................................................................... 80
TABLE No. 4 MEDICAL FIRST AID......................................................................................... 81

Section II (Food)---------------------------------------------------------------

83-119

Page 5 of 119

EHS-Trakhees-PCFC Design & Development Regulations

(For Area Falling Under PCFC/Dubai World Jurisdiction)

Preamble
The EHS-Trakhees-PCFC Design & Development Regulations for all area falling under PCFC
jurisdiction provide broad standards for ensuring a high level of safety to people, property,
equipment and against hazards associated with industrial and commercial operations. This
document should be read in conjunction with EHS-Trakhees-PCFC: Health & Safety Guidelines,
Environmental Guidelines, Environmental Control Rules & Requirements, Green Building
Regulations (all separately published) and other applicable local / federal EHS Requirements.
These EHS-Trakhees-PCFC Design & Development Regulations supersede the ones embodied
in all other Rules & Regulations of Ports, Customs & Free Zone Corporation.

The regulations have been upgraded to include/provide aspects of planning, design,

construction, sustainability, restoration, modernization etc. They are periodically reviewed,
updated and made available to users as part of EHS responsibility.

Relevant international regulations & guidelines such as Health & Safety Executive (HSE - UK),
OSHA, NFPA, IAEA, API, ASME and ASHRAE standards are the baseline/reference line of any
requirements that have not been referred to in this booklet.

EHS is authorized to make visits to all facilities/operations to ensure that the standards and
requirements are being met. During these visits, unsatisfactory circumstances may be found
which need correction and these are drawn to the attention of the companys senior
management. Should any company/lessee that does not respond positively to notifications from
EHS, then EHS will be constrained to take necessary actions and apply appropriate sanctions to
ensure a safe and clean environment. Please ensure that you study this book and keep this
publication ready for your reference. We look forward to your cooperation to enhance
environment, health & safety standards.

Page 6 of 119

CHAPTER 1
PRELIMINARY

Page 7 of 119

1.0 Scope
This regulation addresses broadly major environmental, health & safety aspects which need to
be adhered upon and followed by Developers / Consultants / Contractors / Clientele / Lessee
during design & development of proposed/new facility falling under PCFC jurisdiction areas.

Page 8 of 119

2.0 Definitions
Access
ACGIH
API
ASHRAE
ASME
Authority
Authorized
Person
Civil Defense
COC
Competent
Department
Consultant
Contractor
Developer

DM
DoH & MS
DPA
DPW
EHS
Gas-free
certificate
Hot or Cold Work
Permits
HSE
IAEA
Inhabited
JAFZA
Lessee
Licensee
Lifting appliance

Loose gear
Main Contractor
NFPA
Outside parking

PCFC
Permanent
Building

Includes egress
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists
American Petroleum Institute
American Society of Heating Refrigerating Air-Conditioning Engineers.
American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
Shall mean Ports, Customs & Free Zone Corporation (PCFC).
Means an authorized/responsible person to undertake a specific task or
tasks and possessing the necessary technical knowledge and experience.
Civil Defense of any of the Emirates of UAE.
Certificate Of Conformity
Shall mean Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) Department of the PCFC TRAKHEES. (Also referred as Authority Having Jurisdiction -AHJ)
Registered consultant holding a valid license as a Consulting Engineer from
the Dubai Economic Department
Registered contractor holding a valid contracting license from the Dubai
Economic Department.
Lessee/Occupier or his authorized agent who submits an application to the
concerned Authority of PCFC on behalf of the lessee for facility
construction/development works.
Dubai Municipality
Department of Health & Medical Services, Government of Dubai.
Dubai Port Authority
DP World
Environment, Health & Safety
Means a certificate (on a special form), issued by an authorized, duly
qualified person, for the purpose confirming that the tank, compartment or
container was gas free at the time of testing.
Document issued by an authorized person permitting hot or cold work to be
carried out during a specific time period in a clearly determined area within
the port limits.
Health, Safety & Environment
International Atomic Energy Agency
The facilities, buildings or structures involving routine occupation by human
beings.
Jebel Ali Free Zone Authority.
Occupier/Tenant/Owner/Client that occupies and/or operates within a
premises within PCFC jurisdiction
Occupier/Tenant/Owner/Client having a license to operate in any areas
falling within PCFC jurisdiction.
All stationary or mobile cargo-handling appliances, including shore-based
power-operated ramps, used on shore or on board ship for suspending,
raising or lowering loads or moving them from one position to another while
suspended or supported;
Any gear by means of which a load can be attached to a lifting appliance but
which does not form an integral part of the appliance or load
The employer who is responsible for the compliance of the EHS & DM
Regulations for all parties on a project under their contract.
National Fire Protection Agency - US : All official definitions contained in
NFPA and its companion codes, standards & publications shall apply
Parking of vehicles outside the facility/plot/fence limit, Applicable for all
Vehicle types Light duty, Medium Duty, Heavy Duty, specialized, mobile
hauling attachments.
Ports, Customs & Free Zone Corporation - The Authority
Means the building designed and constructed with concrete/steel; with block
or metal cladding or other durable material.
Page 9 of 119

Practicable
Project

Reasonably
Practicable
Regulation
Responsible
Person

Setback Area
Shall
Site
Subcontractor

SWL
Temporary
Building
Uninhabited
Water Pollutants

Water Pollution

A level of duty defined by international law where by action must be taken

where it is physically possible to do so. If it can be done it must be done.
Means the construction of a permanent building, any other work on a
including any construction, modifications, alteration, addition, expansion or
installations of machine/equipment/racking within the PCFC jurisdiction.
A level of duty defined by international law where a decision can be reached
based on the level of risk versus the cost which can be in terms of time,
money or effort.
These and other regulations issued by the Authority
A person appointed by or on behalf of the employer, lessee, licensee or the
owner of the facility, responsible for the performance of a specific duty or
duties and who has sufficient knowledge and experience and the requisite
authority for the proper performance of the duty or duties.
Clear access area all around inside/from the boundary/fence line of an
industrial facility or residential building
Indicates mandatory
A location with construction or modification works of any kind within PCFC
jurisdiction areas.
Means an employer or workmen who is working under the main contractor
and abides by the main contractors requirements and complies with site
EHS requirements.
Safe Working Load
A building used as a site office or to house construction equipment during
the construction period.
Means the facilities, buildings or structures not involving routine occupation
by human beings.
Any substances which when discharges into the water environment,
intentional or unintentional , direct or indirectly changes its properties in a
manner which harms human beings and other living creatures or natural
resources or the water environment or tourist areas or interferes with other
authorize uses of the water environment.
The introduction of any substance or energy into water environment by
intentional or unintentional, direct or indirect means which may adversely
affect living or nonliving resources endangers human health or impedes
water activities including fishing and tourism or impairs the quality for use or
changes the properties of water.

Page 10 of 119

3.0 EHS-TRAKHEES- PRELIMINARY REQUIREMENT

3.1 CONCEPT PROPOSAL STAGE
The DW Clients shall obtain necessary license/lease approval for the plot/warehouse/retail outlet
allocation from the concern BU/Department (i.e. EZW/JAFZA/Technopark/Nakheel/DMCC or any
other relevant Business Units (whichever is applicable) and while allocation, EHS shall assess
the requirements and advise to carry out relevant studies (i.e. EIA & RA etc) and submission of
E-Form and relevant ETGs (DM).
3.2 EHS-NOC FOR BUILDING PERMIT
All Developers/Consultants/Clients/lessee shall obtain an EHS-NOC for Building Permit from
PCFC-Trakhees EHS prior to applying for a Building Permit from the Civil Engineering
Department. The purpose of this process is to ensure that the Clients/End-users facilities
comply with the required Environment, Safety & Health and Fire Detection/Protection &
Emergency Control Standards as defined by Environment, Health & Safety (EHS) in the design
stage
of
the
project.
Any
developer
/
client
who
intends
to
construct/erect/modify/alter/add/expand a residential, industrial, commercial, warehouse, shop,
hotel, restaurant, school, hospital or any building/facility and carry out any
civil/mechanical/electrical/plumbing/ infrastructure works such as building factory, warehouse,
shop fit-outs, roads, earthworks, plot leveling, fencing, pipelines, tanks, machinery, equipment,
racking systems installation etc., shall follow the required procedure & guidelines to obtain the
EHS NOC (No Objection Certificate) prior to applying for the BP (Building Permit) to be obtained
from the CED.
Prior to seeking EHS-NOC for BP, the Developers/Consultants/Clients/Lessee shall obtain the
following approvals:
Developers / Consultant / Contractor / Client shall ensure that design and development comply
with following Rules & Regulations requirement (but not limited to),
3.2.1

Environmental Rules & Requirements.

3.2.2

Environmental Guidelines.

3.2.3

Health & Safety Regulations.

3.2.4

Health & Safety Guidelines.

3.2.5

Food Establishment Guidelines.

3.2.6

Fire Rules & Regulations

3.2.7

Civil Engineering Department Building Regulations & Design Guidelines

3.2.8

Green Building Regulations.

3.2.9

Local / Federal, Dubai Municipality Regulations & Guidelines wherever applicable.

3.2.10

Other applicable International Rules & Regulations.

3.3 COMMENCEMENT OF CONSTRUCTION WORKS

Construction procedure shall be in line with the requirements of Environment, Health & Safety
(EHS), Fire Department, Civil Engineering Department (CED) Building Regulations & Design
Guidelines or any other relevant department/authority. However, after mobilization and prior to
start of construction activities, the contractor shall invite EHS-Trakhees-PCFC for site inspection
Page 11 of 119

and obtain a Certificate of Conformity 1 (COCI) by submitting the Contractors Environment,

Health & Safety (EHS) COCI. Any works that commence prior to obtaining the COC could
result in sanctions/penalties.
3.3.1 CERTIFICATE OF CONFORMITY
The
developers/consultants/contractors/clients
shall
be
fully
aware
of
the
procedures/requirements in regard to submission and obtaining the Certificates of Conformity (I,
II & III) from EHS-Trakhees-PCFC to ensure Environment, Health & Safety during construction.
3.3.1.1 COC I - before start of construction work COC-I required to be obtained.
3.3.1.2 COC - II - to be obtained before work commencement above 4 meter for buildings
and 6 meters for warehouse.
3.3.1.3 COC - III - to be obtained before work commencement above 30 meters height.
3.4 FACILITY COMPLETION CERTIFICATE
Upon completion of the construction of project/building/facility/modification/alteration/addition/
machine/equipment/fitouts/racking works, the consultant (contractor for small modifications/fitout
works) shall apply to EHS-PCFC-Trakhees for obtaining EHS-NOC for BCC (Building
Completion Certificate) prior to approaching CED for a BUILDING COMPLETION CERTIFICATE
(BCC). However, any failure to reply/comply/clarify/resolve pending comments may result in
penalties/ rejection of the EHS-NOC for BCC.
3.5 START OF THE OPERATION
After obtaining a BUILDING COMPLETION CERTIFICATE from CED and upon completing the
installation of machinery/equipment (with prior approvals from EHS-PCFC-Trakhees), the
client/licensee shall apply/invite EHS-PCFC-Trakhees for obtaining an OPERATION FITNESS
CERTIFICATE. The facility shall not be operated unless an OPERATION FITNESS
CERTIFICATE is obtained from the EHS-PCFC-Trakhees.
3.6 POWERS OF THE AUTHORITY
3.6.1 At the discretion of the Authority, the EHS-NOC for BP may be cancelled/suspended if:
3.6.1.1 Work was carried out in contravention of the conditions of the EHS-NOC for BP or of
any regulations issued by the Authority.
3.6.1.2 It is subsequently revealed that the EHS-NOC for BP was issued on the basis of
erroneous or inadequate information supplied by the developer or his agent.
3.6.1.3 EHS-NOC (s) will not be withheld unreasonably, but the Authority shall have the
discretionary power, to attach such special conditions thereto.
3.6.2

The Authority is empowered to change, amend, add, replace and/or update the
Regulations without notice. It is the developer's/licensees responsibility to obtain
updated regulations and rules.

3.6.2.1 The Authority reserves the right to levy fines for breach of regulations and to suspend
a consultant or a contractor for non-compliance with the regulations.
3.7 RESPONSIBILITIES AND DISPUTES
3.7.1

Neither the checking of the drawings/details, nor inspection of the work during the
progress of construction, installation shall be construed in any way to impose
Page 12 of 119

responsibility and/or liability on the Authority or their representatives. The client,

developer and his consultant/agents shall remain entirely responsible for all errors in the
design and execution of the project and for the stability and safety of construction during
the progress of the works and after completion.
3.7.2

All complaints and disputes concerning EHS-NOC and the approvals in this regard shall
be referred to PCFC-Trakhees Senior Management. In case of any difficulty or issue
concerning Fire Department, the matter shall be, in the first instance, directly reported to
Vice President/Chief Fire Officer or his Deputy. It shall be noted that the EHS-PCFCTrakhees will not arbitrate for financial/contractual disputes between clients/developers
and their consultants or contractors. All such disputes shall be settled through the Dubai
Civil Courts.

4.0 DRAWING SUBMISSION REQUIREMENTS

4.1 PROCEDURE
4.1.1 Consultant Submission: The consultant appointed by the client shall submit their drawings
in soft copies as per EHS-NOC Procedure (2 set of CDs in PDF format only) to EHS
Building Reception near PCFC Main Gate No.03 by hand delivery, included with the
covering letter & submission checklist duly filled in (Separately for EHS and Fire Depts).
The consultant shall ensure that EIA/RA reports (where applicable) are
submitted/approved prior to obtaining the Building Permit. The Consultant, client &
Developer/Business Unit, Plot No./location, Subject, date of submission, and signature of
authorized person should be written on the CDs.
4.1.2

Payment of appraisal fee by Consultant/Contractor shall be done prior to submission of

drawings (Clarifications on Payment may be done only with EHS Sr. Officers listed below)
and Copies of Appraisal form & Payment Receipt shall be submitted along with the
Drawings Submittal. (Refer Appraisal Form). Incomplete submissions shall be rejected.

4.1.3 Combined EHS-NOC (Approved by EHS & Fire Department) for Building Permit shall be
issued and forwarded to respective Consultant or Client.
5.0 APPLICATION OF GREEN BUILDING REGULATIONS
5.1

5.2

In line with policies and directives of His Highness Sheikh Mohammed Bin Rashid Al
Maktoum, Vice President and Prime Minister of UAE and Ruler of Dubai, the
implementation of sustainable development practices compliance with fundamental
principles addressing environmental sustainability and economic integration,
maintenance of biological diversity and conservation of natural resources ensuring
sustainable energy management, Construction of the facility with Green
Building/Sustainable Development Practices are mandatory from 2008. Therefore, EHS
Green Building regulations shall be applicable for all new constructions.
For details refer the Green Building Regulations.

Page 13 of 119

CHAPTER 2
GENERAL EHS REQUIREMENT

Page 14 of 119

6.0 FACILITY INGRESS AND EGRESS

6.1 Separate entry and exit gate to be provided for heavy and light motor vehicle at the
Industrial / Warehouse facility.
6.2 Setback area of minimum 5.5 meters towards inside all around the boundary/fence line in
all industrial / warehouse buildings / facilities and 3 meters setback area in all residential
development shall be kept to provide fire breaks and meet/handle other emergency
situations.
6.3 Unimpeded road for emergency access not less than 5.5 meters wide around the Industrial
/ Warehouse buildings and facilities in Free Zone area shall be provided.
6.4 Roads shall be of sufficient standard for use by fire tenders (any underground tank,
manhole located in this road shall be of industrial purpose heavy duty) and shall be
adequately illuminated. (Note: for other facilities, CED regulations shall be referred).
6.5 No building, facility or structure shall be erected or modified so as to deprive any other
building of the means of access.
6.6 Main entrances to the premises shall be of adequate width to allow easy access to the fire
vehicles and in no case it shall measure less than 5 meters. The entrance gate shall fold
back against the compound wall of the premises, thus leaving the exterior access way
within the plot free for movement of the Fire / Civil Defence / Emergency Vehicles. If
archway is provided over the main entrance, the height of the archway shall not be at a
height less than 4 meters. (Refer Fire Regulations)
7.0 PARKING
Parking provision requirements should be as per Building Regulations & Design Guidelines of
Civil Engineering Department-Trakhees to ensure residents, visitors & staffs are provided with
parking space to reduce congestion on adjacent streets & to minimize spill over into adjacent
habitable areas.
These parking requirements are established to provide properly designated parking areas
adequate in design, capacity & location to prevent traffic congestion & avoid hazards to the
public safety & welfare.
7.1 Parking area shall be provided for vehicles (covered or uncovered) within the plot limits. No
parking outside the plot/property limit of vehicles/cars etc. shall be permitted.
7.2 All plans shall clearly indicate the proposed development, including parking location, size,
design, lighting, landscaping, curb cuts, ingress & egress and traffic signs.
7.3 The authority may request the Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA) for some developments
which may have an impact on the traffic generation for the surrounding roads and
properties.
7.4 The minimum width of car entry & internal roads shall be;
7.4.1

3 meter clear un-obstructed road or pavement width in case of one way traffic.

7.4.2

6 meter clear un-obstructed road or pavement width in case of two way traffic.

7.5 All parking areas shall be paved & sloped (maximum to 2%) to drain to a public road.
Page 15 of 119

7.6 All Basement Parking area (wherever applicable) should have provision of CO analyzers /
detectors interfaced with the ventilation system to maintain maximum CO concentration up
to 20 ppm. In case of detection of CO in excess of 20 ppm an audio-visual alarm should
trigger to the fire control room/security control room and at the affected area and at all the
entry points of the parking area in order to alert emergency response and caution public in
& around the affected area.
7.7 All parking lots shall be provided with a durable & well drained surface.
7.8 Parking spaces under buildings or basement parking, shall account for the presence of
columns & adjacent walls. Which shall be covered with protective rubber angles and shall
have 2.4 meter clear height.
7.9 Provision of a mirror for blind corners shall be provided.
7.10 A provision for surveillance camera is recommended for emergency purpose.
8.0 VENTILATION AND AIR CONDITIONING
8.1 Design and installation of all ventilation and air conditioning systems for all type of buildings
shall be in accordance with current guidelines of ASHRAE standards (American Society of
Heating, Refrigeration and Air conditioning Engineers). The purpose is to limit the
accumulation of smoke, fumes, vapors, heat and pollutants which originate in the building
and which would otherwise become a health hazard and to provide comfortable and safe
working environment for the occupants.
8.2 Proper extraction/filtration systems with hood & ducting shall be provided for airborne
emissions
from
the
laboratory/kitchen/machine/operations/chemical
manufacturing/processing areas. Hood extract system shall be designed based on the
latest ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigeration and Air conditioning engineers)
guidelines.
8.3 The extraction/filtration ducting shall extend to a height of not less than 3 meters above the
roof ridge with appropriate sampling/access points. The efficiency of the extraction/ filtration
system shall be assessed during Operation Fitness Inspections.
8.4 AC Ventilation shall be provided for all offices, commercial and residential buildings and for
workers messing/dining/rest room in the industrial/warehouse/factory building and Security
Guard Room. The objective is to provide a means of extracting smoke/odor (e.g. from a
kitchen), Occasional rapid ventilation (for the dilution of pollutants & moisture) and
achieving background ventilation
9.0 DRAINAGE
9.1 DOMESTIC DRAINAGE
9.1.1 Drains and sewers must be of durable material and construction and watertight under all
conditions. The internal diameter of any soil drain shall not be less than 100 mm.
9.1.2

Drains shall be laid in straight lines without changes of direction or gradient. The
Maximum distance between inspection chambers shall be 30 meters. Inspection
chambers shall be provided at every point of change of direction.

9.1.3

Distance between MH to MH shall not exceed 15 meters in villas and buildings.

Page 16 of 119

9.1.4

If inspection chambers & manholes are in agricultural land, manhole covers should be
raised 75 mm above the natural ground level.

9.1.5

All tanks for reception or disposal of sewage from any building shall be adequately vented
and impervious to liquid either internally or externally.

9.1.6

Top inspection chambers shall be adequately vented to fresh air. Any soil ventilation pipe
within 5 meters (measured horizontally) from any window shall extend to not less than 1
meter above the window head.

9.1.7

No amendment or variation shall be introduced on the drainage design after the issuing of
the relevant building permit, except after obtaining the appropriate authorization, even if
such variations were technically acceptable.

9.1.8

Design and installation of small sewage treatment plants shall comply with BS 6297 or an
equivalent standard approved by the Authority.

9.1.9

In high rise buildings of less than 20 floors, drainage connection of the ground floor shall
be connected separately & directly to the inspection chamber, it shall not be connected to
the same vertical ducts that belong to the higher floors.

9.1.10 Internal drainage system of buildings shall be provided with ventilating pipes as
appropriate. Size of such pipes shall be adequate for application. Under no
circumstances their inner diameter shall be less than 5 cm in case of inner connections
and 8 cm in case of vertical ducts. They shall be fitted vertically and lifted up to a height
of not less than 1 meter above the highest opening in the building and a horizontal
distance of not less than 2 meters.
9.1.11 Working & regular drainage pipes buried under ground shall be made up of robust
material. Pipe connections shall be air tight free from any leakage or any obstacles inside
the pipes & shall be capable of resisting a minimum pressure of 3 meter of water.
9.1.12 An inspection chamber shall be fitted at each point where the direction of drainage pipes
changes or at which the degree of slope changes or at junction of a branch and main line.
9.1.13 No inspection chambers shall be constructed inside roofed buildings except in shafts,
service rooms, car sheds and adequately ventilated corridors. Such chambers shall be of
dry type. Drainage pipes which extend underneath flooring and inside walls shall be
protected from any external works or against settlement of floors.
9.1.14 All inspection chambers shall be dug within the plot limits.
9.1.15 All basement levels shall be provided with appropriate means & ways for drainage &
filtration of water such as sand separation rooms, pumps, grease traps, etc. In case of
grease traps are not required in the current proposed design; arrangements shall be
made in order to allow fitting them whenever required.
9.1.16 Drainage pipes shall not pass through columns, beams, foundations and electrical rooms
except if the authority permits that in which case pipes shall pass through pre arranged
openings to be shaped in advance prior to pouring concrete, pipes shall also be provided
with the necessary flexible joints.
9.1.17 In case a large quantity of grease is discharged into the public network from restaurants
or kitchens etc, a grease and oil valve approved by the department concerned shall be
fitted.
Page 17 of 119

9.1.18 Commercial & industrial waste shall not be drained into the public drainage network
except with the approval of the Authority. Such approval shall not be granted except if the
appropriate facilities for preliminary processing of such waste have been provided.
9.1.19 Heated water at temperature exceeding 37 degrees Celsius shall not be drained into the
public drainage network except after cooling it.
9.1.20 No plumbing works shall proceed on site except after obtaining a building permit from the
Authority.
9.1.21 Material selected in the design for plumbing works shall confirm to standard specifications
laid down by the authority.
9.1.22 The invert level of the external drainage system shall be determined by the consultant
taking into consideration the drainage connection level to match the FIC. In no case the
depth of last manhole shall not be less than 1200 mm.
9.1.23 The depth of first manhole shall be at least 400 mm.
9.1.24 Slopes for horizontal runs shall be as follows: for 100 mm 1:60 for 150 mm 1:90 for
200 mm 1:120.
9.1.25 Manholes and access chambers shall be lay out according to consultants scheme,
covers provided shall be suitable for the loads they are subjected to, and in accordance
with BS 497.
9.1.26 Acute angle connections shall not be allowed within junction manholes.
9.1.27 At a manhole the tops of all sewers should be at the same level so that the pipes of
smaller diameter are not flooded when the bigger pipes are running full.
9.1.28 Backdrop shall be provided when the level difference between incoming and main sewer
is considerable.
9.1.29 An inspection chamber/manhole/gully trap constructed in covered area shall be dry type
and provided with recessed double seal type cover.
9.1.30 For any manhole located in garage, driveway or other traffic areas shall be provided with
heavy duty covers.
9.1.31 Wherever there is a sewage network, the developer is required to connect into it, the
charges for which will be according to the tariff available with EHS-Trakhees-PCFC
department. These charges may be revised from time to time and the developer is
advised to contact EHS-Trakhees-PCFC department to obtain the latest tariff. In case
such network is not available, the developer is required to construct a holding tank. (Refer
to Environmental Control Rules and Requirements).
9.1.32 Under no circumstances shall the drainage of private buildings be connected to the public
drainage network without notifying & obtaining prior approval from the authority. Only the
department concerned may perform such connection.
9.1.33 Provision for future connection to drainage network system shall be provided. Where
connection of facility drainage is done by the infrastructure consultant/contractor/others,
Page 18 of 119

the submissions shall include a detailed note from such consultants/ contractors on the
provision of infrastructure drainage/sewerage/effluent.
9.1.34 FIC shall be constructed in close proximity with the compound wall and opposite to
Authority chamber/manhole and the cover should be ductile iron with 6mm thick GRP
push fit sealing plate, this manhole shall have only one incoming connection and work by
gravity only.
9.1.35 In case of there are no proposal of future connection from DM Drainage Department the
future connection shall be in less width road and the max depth shall be 1200 mm,
9.1.36 Minimum requirement for manhole venting shall be the provision of vent pipe to first and
last manholes of drainage line and these vent pipes shall be 100 mm below cover level.
9.1.37 Materials shall be to EHS approval and the installation shall be according to BS 5572.
9.1.38 All internal piping shall be PVC to BS 4514 except waste piping which shall be to BS
5255. All under ground piping shall be to BS 4660.
9.1.39 No bends shall be allowed in horizontal pipes running underground.
9.1.40 The sitting of any manhole shall be kept away from underground water tank by a distance
not less than the depth of the water tank.
9.1.41 The drainage pipes shall be made not to run through electric rooms or electric substations.
9.1.42 Direct connection of waste system from a floor trap to a floor trap shall not be permitted.
9.1.43 No drain pipes shall be cast into an RCC structural element without prior approval from
EHS-Trakhees-PCFC and CED.
9.1.44 To allow the drain pipes to pass through any structural element in building a cast iron
sleeve is first fitted within the structural element such a by pass, the sleeve shall offer a
tolerance of at least 10 mm for ease of installation of the pipe. The gap between the pipe
and the sleeve shall then be filled with suitable sealant.
9.1.45 Underground pipe line should not place with top of pipe less than 600 mm below FFL
unless the concrete of 150 mm thick shall provided around to protect the pipe.
9.1.46 All inspection chambers/manholes should be built on bed of cement concrete 1:4:8 the
thickness of the concrete shall be l00 mm for manholes up to 1000 mm deep and 200
mm for depths above 1000 mm.
9.1.47 Where manhole / inspection chambers are constructed below ground water table ,
complete construction shall be either in water proofed RCC or in GRP.
9.1.48 All main line channels shall be located in the centre of the manholes.
9.1.49 Benching of incoming branches should be inclined towards the main direction of flow.
9.1.50 Diameter of semicircular channel in the bottom of manhole shall be equal to that of the
incoming sewer diameter.
Page 19 of 119

9.1.51 The benching in inspection chamber/ manholes should have smooth surface cement
plaster.
9.1.52 The manhole schedule shall be arranged in the manner shown below the manhole Invert
Level (IL) , Cover Level (CL) depth and distance between manholes shall be referenced
from GMC , FIC using datum and all units shall be in is system.
9.1.53 Sewage holding tank shall be constructed according to BS 6297.
9.1.54 Soak ways for sewage are not permitted in the PCFC areas of jurisdiction. Holding Tanks
of minimum 7 days holding capacity of minimum 100 liters/person/shift for 7 days. The
tank shall not be located in the 5.5meters set-back/vehicular access area. If located in
this area, the road and tank construction shall be of sufficient standard for use of road by
fire tenders, heavy vehicles and manhole shall be of heavy duty type.
9.1.55 To prevent overflowing of the waste water holding tank, level indicator with warning light,
buzzer and breaching pipe for pumping out shall be provided.
9.1.56 Sewage tank should be constructed at least 3 meters away from any footing for a building
or a boundary wall and should be constructed from solid block with a provision of proper
insulation for the holding tank.
9.1.57 In case there is a need to construct these tanks at a distance less than 3 meters and
more than 1 meter from adjacent footings the holding tank shall be structured from
reinforced concrete with a provision of proper insulation to prevent any leakage from the
tank.
9.1.58 If the sewage tank are to be founded at a lower level than that of adjacent footing they
should be constructed first.
9.1.59 If sewage tank constructed from fiberglass material, the dimension shall be the same the
thickness shall not less than 6 mm and it should be incased with proper protection solid
blocks.
9.1.60 Proper insulation should be provided for foundations of buildings in such circumstances
for protection against sulfates.
9.1.61 GRP sealing plate shall be provided for the last manhole before the sewage tank and the
manhole for the future connection before the main sewer line.
9.1.62 In single stack system, separate ventilation for individual connections from the WC, floor
trap, sink etc. should be provided. Any horizontal pipe longer than 1.5 meters from such
fixtures shall be vented on the high side.
9.1.63 All commercial kitchens and communal kitchens shall have heavy duty grease traps
provided according to F&H Regulations.
9.1.64 For vehicle washing and service stations, oil interceptors and waste water
treatment/recycling unit must be provided as per EHS Regulations.
9.1.65 All vertical stacks shall be provided with rodding eyes at junctions on every floor.
9.1.66 Access points should be carefully sited to allow the service entry for cleaning and testing.
Page 20 of 119

9.1.67 All horizontal drainage pipes shall have rodding eyes at points of change of direction in
pipes as required for effective maintenance.
9.1.68 Rodding eyes shall be provided where more than one WC is connected to a horizontal
soil pipe.
9.1.69 Rodding eye is to be provided where the distance between one WC and stack or
manhole is more than 5 meters.
9.1.70 The upper limit of stack loading shall not be more than a quarter full.
9.1.71 For buildings of less than 2 stories height, appliances located on ground floor shall not be
connected to vertical stack discharging at ground Level.
9.1.72 For buildings greater than 2 stories appliances located at ground floor and first floor shall
not be connected to vertical stack discharging at ground Level.
9.1.73 Connection from the appliances lines on any floor and the main pipe shall be in vertical
stakes only.
9.1.74 Communal and public toilets in industrial and commercial establishment dormitories and
education institutes shall be furnished with Asian type WC in proportion of not less than
7:5 of total number of WC required. In addition public building/toilet shall have provision
for toilet facilities for disabled persons.
9.1.75 All floor drain shall have minimum 75 mm deep seal.
9.1.76 Floor drains shall be provided in all garbage rooms in all floors and pump rooms and all
garage rooms.
9.1.77 For all bends that are at base of stacks should be provided with a 45 to 90 degrees long
radius type elbow.
9.1.78 Vent pipes from manholes and vertical stacks shall be extended 2 meters above the roof,
the end of which shall be fitted with vent cowls.
9.1.79 Typical outlet size (mm) & stack sizes shall be as follows:
9.1.79.1 WC 100 mm up to ground plus seven story above seven floors 150mm.
9.1.79.2 Wash Basin 32, Soil Pipe 100, Soil Pipe 150, Kitchen Sink 40, Waste Pipe 100, Waste
Pipe 150mm.
9.1.79.3 Floor Drain 75, Vent Pipe 75 & 100, Bath Tub/Shower 40, Rain Water Pipe 100,
Washing m/c 40,
9.1.79.4 Balcony Drain & A/C Drain Pipe 40mm.
9.1.80 Urinals shall be connected to soil pipes.
9.1.81 Use of above ground sewage holding tank is not acceptable.
9.1.82 System test - Water and air tests shall be carried out after the pipes are installed and
consultant certificate shall be submitted to EHS during the completion inspection.
Page 21 of 119

9.1.83 Building drainage shall be designed and constructed in accordance with the requirements
of BS 8301 or an equivalent standard approved by the Authority.
9.1.84 All installations shall be subject to testing in accordance with appropriate regulations.
9.2 WATER SUPPLY
9.2.1

Water supply installations shall comply with relevant British Standards or an equivalent
standard approved by the Authority and the requirements of DEWA - Water Division and
any connection charges shall be paid by the client/developer.

9.2.2

Water storage tanks, to relevant British Standards or an equivalent standard approved by

the Authority, shall be provided with a minimum capacity of two days storage and
additional storage required for fire fighting systems in accordance with EHS: Fire
Departments requirements.

9.2.3

All water supply pipes shall be installed at least 1.0 m away from the sewer pipe line or
sewage holding tank.

9.2.4

Clean & Safe Drinking water shall be provided with one point per 50 persons at the rate
of 150 liters / person / day or as agreed with the Authority.

9.2.5

All potable fresh water tanks must be kept in good condition, cleaned and maintained
regularly and properly as per EHS Requirements (Refer H, S&F Guidelines).

9.2.6

All external water taps should also be fitted with proper drainage system.

9.3 RAINWATER DRAINAGE

9.3.1

The system for carrying rainwater from a roof shall be adequate. The system shall carry
the flow to an outlet, minimize the risk of blockage or leakage and be accessible for
cleaning the blockages.

9.3.2

Every exposed roof, canopy or buildings shall be finished with a gradient of not more than
1 in 50 and not less than 1 in 70 in order to direct the rainwater to suitable channels,
gutters, outlet or down pipes.

9.3.3

Every channel, gutter, outlet or down pipe shall be made of durable materials with
suitable watertight joints of adequate size securely attached to the building fixed to a
gradient of at least 1 in 90.

9.3.4

Rainwater shall not be discharged into the sewage holding tank, the authoritys drainage
system (where existing) or the adjacent plot.

9.3.5

All rainwater shall be either drained into a specially constructed soak away or into the
approach road.

9.3.6

All surface water drainage shall be dispersed off to public road corridor and measures to
prevent dispersal of surface water towards adjacent plots shall be provided.

9.3.7

Residual/waste water shall not be drained into the rainwater drainage network, whatever
the reasons might be.

9.3.8

The drainage of roofs and paved areas shall be according to BS 6367.

Page 22 of 119

9.3.9

Rain water pipes are not to be connected to sewer lines, they shall free discharge above
ground.

9.3.10 For all air wells, access doors should be provided at the lower level of the well.
9.3.11 For project having large rain catchments areas, rain water scheme shall be designed to
BS 6367 and EHS approval.
9.3.12 Holding tank is to be provided for rain water as per DM Guideline.
9.4 A/C DRAIN
9.4.1

The A/C drains to be discharged into a properly designed soak pit or domestic drainage
network and not permitted.

9.4.2

Window a/c shall be provided with GRP trays having drainage facility.

9.4.3

All a/c & balcony drains shall be connected to waste pipe system via the nearest floor
trap or waste stack.

9.4.4

Flexible polyethylene drain pipes shall not be used for a/c condensed drain piping.

10.0 IRRIGATION
10.1

All landscaped areas are to be provided with a permanent irrigation system supplied by
either high quality (human contact standard) treated sewerage effluent, or relegated
reverse osmosis water, and protected by a back-flow system.

10.2 Irrigation water demand calculations shall include the following:

10.2.1 The peak daily plant water consumption figure presented in liters per day calculated
on the irrigation needs in the peak season (the peak being an average day in July)
10.2.2 Monthly projected irrigation water consumption figures covering the effect of leaching
and other off season practices.
11.0 GARBAGE DISPOSAL
11.1 GARBAGE COLLECTION SKIP INDUSTRIAL FACILITY
11.1.1 The 5 x 5 meters concreted area with three sides minimum 6 raised curb-stone for
placing the Domestic Waste Garbage Collection Skip shall be provided within the plot at
the industrial, warehouse and factory buildings. For special cases (e.g. Food
establishments, further requirements may be advised depending on type/quantity of
waste generated).
11.1.2 The area shall be directly accessible for safe maneuvering/access/ for the Garbage
Collection Truck and shall be hard paved with suitable material.
11.1.3 If there is waste oil drums, empty paint or chemical cans/drums or solid waste (other
than domestic waste which requires special approval from the Authority), the concreted
storage area with 4 side raised curb stones away shall be provided.
Page 23 of 119

11.1.4 Disposal of any kind of industrial waste (other than domestic waste) is not permitted to
be disposed off in the garbage skip provided for the domestic waste.
11.1.5 All bulk industrial waste shall be disposed as per Free Zone, EHS and DM
regulations through agencies approved by Free Zone, EHS and DM
11.2 GARBAGE ROOM OR CHUTES AND COLLECTION AREAS
11.2.1 Garbage room shall be located in such away to facilitate removing the containers &
transporting them to garbage collection vehicles.
11.2.2 Garbage room shall have a door with minimum width 1.8 meter or an overhead door
leading to the loading facilities and mode of non-rusting metal (aluminum), with louvers
at the bottom or any other method of mechanical ventilation. Doors shall open upwards.
11.2.3 The minimum height of the garbage room shall not be less than 2.1 meters.
11.2.4 Garbage room shall be provided with adequate lighting & ventilation system.
11.2.5 All windows shall be air tight & protected by a metal mesh wire screen in order to
prevent insects and rodents from getting into the room.
11.2.6 Floors & walls shall be tiled with ceramic tiles for easy cleaning.
11.2.7 Active chemical waste material, toxic material or liquids and/or any other hazardous
material are not permitted to put in the garbage dumpsters or containers.
11.2.8 For buildings with more than three stories garbage chute shall be installed.
11.2.9 The material used for the garbage chute shall resist corrosion, prevent dampness, be
non-combustible and the inner surface shall be smooth.
11.2.10 The minimum chute diameter shall be 0.6 meter, enclosed by a small room, not less
than 0.9 x 0.9 square meters in size with an outward opening door,0.8 meter minimum
width and fitted with an automatic door closing mechanism.(for all typical floors)
11.2.11 For plot area exceeding 900 square meters, the garbage chute can be replaced by a
small room 1.8 m x 1.2 m on each floor in addition to the main garbage room on the
ground floor. The doors shall be 0.9 meter minimum width opening outwards and shall
have an automatic door closing mechanism and mechanical ventilation.
11.2.12 The owner of the building or the authorized representative is responsible for the
cleaning process of the building internally and externally and surrounding area up to the
public road.
11.2.13 If the location of the chute is far from the road surrounding the plot, the garbage
collection room shall be located near to the road, or alleyway in case of non existence of
a road.
11.2.14 In buildings with an area below 180 square meters, garbage room 1.2 x 1.8 sq meters
shall be provided on the ground floor level only and shall have mechanical ventilation
with minimum door width 0.9 meter and an automatic door closing.

Page 24 of 119

11.3 AMOUNT OF GARBAGE (CALCULATION CRITERIA)

11.3.1

Residential Use: An average of 12 kg each 100 square meter of occupied area.

11.3.2

Commercial Use / Shopping mall use; an average of 12 kg for each 100 square meter
of occupied area.

11.3.4

Office Use: An average of 5 kg for each 140 square meter of occupied area.

11.3.5

Hotel Use: An average of 3 kg for each room, 5 kg for each suite and other areas
according to the type of activities.

11.4 STANDARD MEASUREMENT FOR GARBAGE ROOM AREAS

11.4.1 The garbage rooms shall accommodate all the dumpsters (containers) that are
required, according to the standard measurements for containers as follows:
11.4.1.1 The measurement of a 1.1 cubic meter dumpster is 4.00 ft x 4.46ft or 122cm x
126cm.
11.4.1.2 The measurements of a 2.5 cubic meter dumpster is 4.86 x 6.70 square feet or 148
cm x 204 cm.
11.4.2 There should be 0.3 meter of clear space between the dumpsters and the wall of the
garbage room.
11.4.3 There should be 0.3 meter of clear space between the dumpsters and another on all
directions.
11.4.4 There should be a space of 0.6 meter between the dumpster and the door location.
11.4.5 The minimum internal corridor width of the garbage room shall be 1.2 meter.
11.4.6 The minimum height of the garbage room shall be 2.4 meters.
11.5 SPECIFICATION FOR GARBAGE CHUTE
11.5.1 Chute should be manufacture from 1.5mm (16 Gauge) thickness steel type 30 SD and
comply with BS1703.
11.5.2

Support at each floor should be with angle frame, complete with a steel champ band.
The champ bands shall have vulcanized insert as sound absorber in isolator.

11.5.3 The hopper door should be provided at every floor of frame size, 30 liter capacity self
closing type with rubber frame seal and provided with operating instruction fully made
from stainless steel.
11.5.4 The hopper door should manufacture completely form stainless steel and shall be
provided with indicator lights and electromagnetic locks to close off the chute during
maintenance and cleaning (self sealing and self coloring with 1.5 hour fire rating).
11.5.5 Hopper door should be connected to the garbage duct with connecting element such
duct is located at 15 cm from the external door frame.
Page 25 of 119

11.5.6 Fire fighting sprinklers should be provided on all floors for protection in case of fire
which shall operate automatically with spray heads at every floor.
11.5.7 The ground garbage floor room should be provided with an automatic fire cut off door at
the bottom of the chute (stainless steel 100% and waterproof). The fire door shall be
operated by fusible link, which shall break in the event of a fire breaking out in the
refuse room.
11.5.8 In addition to the chute cleaning, an automatic brush cleaning system should be
provided above the highest access door a cylindrical housing with replaceable stiff nylon
brushes shall scrape and clean the internal surface as the move down and up the chute.
11.5.9 A control panel should be provided beside the brush access housing door to operate
the washing system and to control the electromagnetic locks, exhaust fan operating
and sprinklers.
11.5.10 Top part of the chute or vent should be 9" diameter and extend 4" above roof with a
weathering cowl, complete with bird and insect screen and an exhaust fan, single
phase, continuously rating.
11.5.11 All external surface of the chute should have an application of a special fire retardant
paint of 2mm thick to eliminate sound and leakage and to prevent oxidization.
11.5.12 The chute should be insulated with min. 1" thick of fiberglass theramic insulation.
11.5.13 Garbage trolley containers should be provided complete with four wheels with breaks
the capacity and numbers shall be compatible with municipality trash vehicle.
11.5.14 Garbage trolleys containers should be provided complete with four wheels the
capacity and numbers as per drawings and to be compatible to municipality trash
vehicle.

Page 26 of 119

CHAPTER 3
INDUSTRIAL & WAREHOUSING
DEVELOPMENT

Page 27 of 119

12.0 RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY

12.0.1 Risk Assessment study shall be mandatory for all manufacturing & process industries,
storage for flammable, combustible and other hazardous, dangerous chemicals, liquids,
solids & gases, tank farms, spheres, bullets, liquid & gas storage tanks, boilers &
pressure vessels, gas distribution systems, petrol, oil & chemical distribution systems /
pipelines and other special facilities/project/industries etc.
12.0.2 Risk Assessment study shall be carried out by pre-qualified consultants of EHSTrakhees-PCFC, and RA study shall be approved by EHS-Trakhees-PCFC prior to
commencement of drawing submission for EHS-NOC for BP.
12.0.3 Risk Assessment consultants shall adhere to EHS-Trakhees-PCFC Risk Assessment
Guidelines and shall include (but not limited to) the following points in Risk
Assessment/Analysis Report, major aspects are as follows:
12.0.3.1

Manufacturing/operation/process/storage activities.

12.0.3.2

Machine/equipment detail and safety guards.

12.0.3.3

Factory/warehouse/facility building design/suitability for operation/activities.

12.0.3.4

Severity analysis / Fire & Explosion Index (F & EI) and Toxicity Index (TI).

12.0.3.5 Criteria
for
assessing
maximum
distances/quantifying dispersion.

release

quantity

and

separation

12.0.3.6 Direct comparison with actuarial data and other risk criteria, Process/Operation &
Activities.
12.0.3.7

Fire & Toxic hazard identification.

12.0.3.8

Domino effect.

12.0.3.9

Scenario development.

12.0.3.10 Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP).

12.0.3.11 Event trees / fault tree analysis.
12.0.3.12 Mapping areas of risk, risk contours and risk transect.
12.0.3.13 Probability analysis / the chances of fire and explosion.
12.0.3.14 Identification of environmental problems that are related to fire protection.
12.0.3.15 Risk reduction analysis (if the risk is not acceptable) systems & methods and
recommendations to prevent and/or reduce them to the acceptable level(s).
12.0.3.16 Risk monitoring (if the risk is acceptable).
12.0.3.17 Case histories where appropriate.
Page 28 of 119

12.0.3.18 Compliance with codes, procedures and regulations including manufacturing

requirement & management under ASME code for boilers & pressure vessels.
12.0.3.19 Toxicity relationships & dense gas dispersion model.
12.0.3.20 Damage from fire and radiant heat
12.0.3.21 The TNT equivalence.
12.0.3.22 Primary and secondary blasts relationships.
12.0.3.23 Top event frequency estimation.
12.0.3.24 Design & construction procedures.
12.0.3.25 The scale that measures severity such as death, injuries, property damage, and
areas reached by flames shall be specified.
12.0.3.26 Calculations specifying the severity measure used for a particular fire shall be
included.
12.0.3.27 Active and passive fire protection measures shall be included.
12.0.3.28 Identification of environmental problems that are related to fire protection.
12.0.3.29 Maintenance Operations.
12.0.3.30 Occupational Health.
12.0.3.31 Education & Training of staff.
12.0.3.32 Fire Run Off water drainage provisions.
12.0.3.33 Emergency / Evacuation Plans (on site & off site plans including emergency
actions, emergency reporting procedures, evacuation policy, exit maps, procedure
for sheltering in place, procedure for people who remain in place, procedure for
accounting for all personnel, rescue and medical tasks and emergency
communication plan. )
12.0.3.34 Safe Access for Emergency Services.
12.0.4 The consultants shall be solely subject to the laws of the UAE for losses or damages
in terms of life and property from design errors, implementation errors, deficiencies of
inspections, failure to construct in compliance with the required standards, failure to
comply with rules of professional ethics, failure to use knowledge and experience to
the contracting entity, and similar reasons; and successively (severally) liable with the
contractors where the consultants have undertaken control and inspection services on
works. The consultants shall be caused to complete and compensate for any such
losses or damages pursuant to the laws of the UAE / EHS-Fire section. EHS
Department or any other departments of PCFC and their directors, officers and other
concerned personnel shall not be held responsible or liable for any such losses or
damages, errors, deficiencies and failures on the part of the consultants.

Page 29 of 119

12.1 GUIDELINES FOR CONDUCTING RISK ASSESSMENT (RA) STUDY

Risk Analysis should be based on the various hazard assessment methods outlined in Table 1
and should include (but not limited to) the following:
12.1.1 As a first step in Risk Assessment, PHA (Preliminary/Process Hazard Analysis)
should be carried out followed by detailed examination by other known hazard
analysis method such as HAZOP studies. The Risk Assessment Study should
evaluate all possible risks arising within the premises/operations and/or off-site due to
the operations and recommend necessary mitigation measures.
12.1.2 A detailed evaluation of regular/irregular operations, activities, tasks and main
installations,

including

stored/handled/processed,

physico-chemical
quantitative

characteristics
data

on

of

materials

amounts,

being

volumes,

production/storage conditions etc. should be carried out.

12.1.3 Site suitability with regard to wind, flooding, neighboring facilities/locality, Residential,
Religious, School and Hospital etc.
12.1.4 FAULT TREE and EVENT TREE analysis should be carried out to provide a graphic
description of the accident sequences associated with plant operations and storage.
12.1.5 Evaluate/Clarify risks (Frequency, Severity and Probability) using accepted Risk
Assessment Technique and Criteria leading to determination of risks to be eliminated
or controlled.
12.1.6 Accident Consequence Analysis and its effects on human, environment and nearby
installations and site should be analyzed.
12.1.7 Provide for clarification of risks and identification of those to be eliminated or controlled.
12.1.8 Evaluate Fire & Explosion hazard using F & EI Index.
12.1.9 Evaluate Fire Protection System, Alarm System and Ventilation.
12.1.10

Hazardous Area Classification

12.1.11

Effects of emergency situations/major environmental events such as lightning,

flooding, acts of mischief or sabotage should be analyzed.

12.1.12

Evaluate occupational health hazards & environmental risks involved in process

and operations.

12.1.13

For all of the above, measures should be developed and recommended for
technical and organizational protection to bring down risks AS LOW AS
REASONABLY PRACTICABLE (ALARP).

12.1.14

Develop ON SITE & OFF SITE emergency action plan in co-ordination with PCFC
EHS Fire Dept.

12.1.15 Wherever a risk/operation/situation cannot be managed feasibly, it shall be the duty

of the consultant to highlight the same in the report.
Page 30 of 119

12.2 OUTLINE FOR RISK ASSESSMENT STUDY REPORT

Risk (incorporating Health, Safety & Environment risks) Assessment study report should contain
the following information as a minimum. In practice, the depth of the information required on
each guideline topic given below will vary according to the circumstance of the individual facility.
It is important that the names of personnel who conducted the RA study be mentioned in the
report.
Background and objective.
Information on hazardous substances (e.g. substance name monitoring method, hazards,
composition of process etc.).
Documentation and summary of Codes, Standards and Recommended Practices which have
been consulted during the design stage of the project.
Information on the installation (e.g. location, plot plan, process/flow diagram, personnel on site,
local land used and population distribution etc.).
Information on details of the plant and machinery including sketches (sectional view) of
machinery and schematic of the process involved.
Information required on management system (e.g. responsible person and Quality Control for
safety training etc.).
Information on major accidents (identification of potential major hazard events, process flow
diagram, prevention and control systems, emergency procedure meteorological conditions,
numbers at risk etc.).
Prior to final approval of the Risk Assessment Study report, a technical presentation to EHS.
Management should be carried out if required.
After completion of the project, Risk Assessment consultant shall conduct site visit to verify
compliance/ implementation of RA recommendations and accordingly submit the Statement of
Compliance to EHS.

Page 31 of 119

TABLE 1
WORKING METHODS FOR HAZARD ASSESSMENT
METHOD
Preliminary/Process hazard
analysis

PURPOSE
1. Identification
of hazards

AIM
1. Completeness of
safety concept

WORKING PRINCIPLE
Use of thinking aids

2. Identification
of possible
failure and its
consequences

2. Designs modification
of system

2. Use of searching
aids in schematic
documents

3. Assessment
of hazards
according to
their occurrence
frequency

3. Optimization of
reliability and availability
of safety systems

3. Graphic description
of failure sequences
and mathematical
calculation of
probabilities

4. Assessment
of accident
consequences

4. Mitigation of
consequences and
development of
optimum emergency
plans

4. Mathematical
modeling of physical
and chemical process

Matrix diagrams of
interactions

Use of checklist

Failure effect analysis

Hazard & operability study

Accident sequence analysis

(inductive)

Fault tree analysis

(deductive)

Accident consequence
analysis

Page 32 of 119

12.3 SPECIFIC FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS TO BE ADDRESSED

12.3.1 Fire hazard identification.
12.3.2 Severity Analysis/Fire & Explosion Index (F & EI) and Toxicity Index (TI). (Refer to
TABLE 2)
12.3.3 Mapping areas of risk / risk contours
12.3.4 Direct comparison with actual data and other risk criteria.
12.3.5 Criteria for assessing maximum release quantity and separation distances /
quantifying dispersion.
12.3.6 Scenario development.
12.3.7 Probability analysis / the chances of fire and explosion.
12.3.8 Risk monitoring (if the risk is acceptable).
12.3.9 Identification of environmental problems that are related to fire protection.
12.3.10

Risk reduction analysis (if the risk is not acceptable) systems & methods and

recommendations to prevent and/or reduce them to the acceptable level(s).

12.3.11

Hazard and Operability Study (HAZOP)

12.3.12

Event trees

12.3.13

Case histories where appropriate

12.3.14

Compliance with codes, procedures and regulations including manufacturing

requirement & management under ASME code for boilers & pressure vessels.
12.3.15

Toxicity relationships

12.3.16

Damage from fire and radiant heat

12.3.17

The TNT equivalence

12.3.18

Primary and secondary blasts relationships

12.3.19

Top event frequency estimation

12.3.20

Design & construction procedures

12.3.21

Maintenance Operations

12.3.22

Education & Training of staff

12.3.23

Emergency / Evacuation Plans (on site & off site plans)

Page 33 of 119

12.4 GUIDELINE NOTES

12.4.1 The scale that measures severity such as death, injuries, property damage, and areas
reached by flames shall be specified.
12.4.2 Calculations specifying the severity measure used for a particular fire shall be
included.
12.4.3 Active and passive fire protection measures shall be included.
12.4.4 The consultants shall be solely subject to the laws of the UAE for losses or damages
in terms of life and property stemming from design errors, implementation errors,
deficiencies of inspections, failure to construct in compliance with the required
standards, failure to comply with rules of professional ethics, failure to use knowledge
and experience to the contracting entity, and similar reasons; and successively
(severally) liable with the contractors where the consultants have undertaken control
and inspection services on works. The consultants shall be caused to complete and
compensate for any such losses or damages pursuant to the laws of the UAE.
12.5.5 EHS-Fire Dept/AHJ, EHS Dept or any other departments of PCFC and their directors,
officers and other concerned personnel shall not be held responsible or liable for any
such losses or damages, errors, deficiencies and failures on the part of the
consultants.

Page 34 of 119

TABLE - 2
FIRE & EXPLOSION INDEX (F&EI) SYSTEM
MATERIAL FACTOR (MF)
The Material Factor (MF) is derived from the following table:Nr = 0

Nr = 1

Nr = 2

Nr 3

Nr = 4

Nf = 0
Nf= 1
Nf = 2
Nf = 3

1
4
10
16

14
14
14
16

24
24
24
24

29
29
29
29

40
40
40
40

Nf = 4

21

21

24

29

40

The MF for Combustible Dusts; Combustible Solids; Warehousing/Storage of Goods;

Manufacturing, Construction and Other Occupancies are derived from separate tables.
GENERAL PROCESS HAZARDS (GPH)
General process Hazards are factors that play a primary role in determining the magnitude of a
loss incident. The items viz. (i) Chemical Processes (ii) Storage, Handling, Transfer and
Manufacturing (iii) Confinement (iv) Access (v) Drainage (vi) Total General Hazards Factor are
investigated as contributing hazards.
SPECIFIC PROCESS HAZARDS (SPH)
The items viz. (i) Quantities of Materials Involved (ii) Pressure Conditions (iii) Toxic Materials
Involved (iv) Explosion Potential/ Flammable Range & (v) Total Specific Hazards Factor that
indicate existence of specific conditions as a major contributing factor in fire and explosion
incidents are investigated.
FIRE AND EXPLOSION INDEX (F&EI)
The F&EI calculation is calculated by giving credit for both general and specific process hazards
to the materials involved. The formula used is:
F&EI = MF x (1 + GPH) x (1 + SPH)
The resulting F&EI values are ranked into four categories:
01 - 45

Light Hazard

46 - 60

Moderate Hazard

61 - 95

High Hazard

96 - up

Severe Hazard

Page 35 of 119

FIRE & EXPLOSION INDEX SYSTEM

TOXICITY INDEX (TI)
TOXICITY NUMBER: The toxicity number (Th) is derived from the NFPA health factor Nh (NFPA
704, 325M or 49). Nh is an integer number ranging from 0 to 4. The five degrees of hazards are
related to the protective equipment normally available to fire fighters.

Nh

Th

0
1
2
3
4

0
50
125
250
325

PENALTY FACTOR: The Penalty Factor (Ts) is the second toxicity parameter used to determine
the TI. The Ts value is derived from the Threshold Limit Values (TLV).
The TLV-values are drawn up by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial
Hygienists. TLV represents a Time Weighted Average (TWA) air concentration to which workers
can be exposed during a normal working week without ill effects. TLV is often indicated as a
TWA-value, both are the same.
The penalty factor is determined from the table below:

Threshold Limit
Values (TLVs)

Penalty Factor (Ts)

<5
5-50
> 50

125
75
50

TOXICITY INDEX (TI)

The Toxicity Index is then calculated from Th and Ts plus the hazard factors of Fire & Explosion
Index (F&EI). The TI is found from the following formula:
TI = Th + Ts (1 + GPH + SPH)
100
The resulting TI values are ranked into three categories :
1-5
6-9
10-up

Light
Moderate
High

Page 36 of 119

13.0 FENCING & PLOT LEVELING

13.1 The developer should provide permanent perimeter fencing to define the boundary
of the property and to provide the degree of security that is consistent with the
operations proposed. (For further detail please refer Section 8 of Civil Engineering
Department, Building Regulations & Designed Guidelines).
13.2

In particular circumstances, the Authority may insist that the fence be covered with
nylon fabric/tilda net. In such cases, the fence design shall be substantiated with
calculations.

13.3

Fencing of open/empty plot for storage/operation activities without proper building

structures shall not be permitted.

13.4

The open plot storage yard for heavy machine/equipment and vehicles (if permitted
from JAFZA Sales & Marketing Department) shall be hard paved with suitable
material such as asphalt, interlocking tiles, concrete etc, to ensure safety of
vehicles in the area and prevent dust generation during operations.

13.5

Inlet road from the plot shall be paved with interlocking tiles.

14.0 LOADING/UNLOADING DOCKING ARRANGEMENTS:

14.1

Proper loading/unloading bay or docking facility for loading/unloading of containers

& material etc. shall be provided at the Industrial/Commercial Buildings.

14.2

Suitable arrangements shall be made to prevent flooding during rain. For low level
docking facility proper rain water collection/pumping out arrangement shall be
provided. Wherever it is necessary, a proper guardrails/handrails/curb stone shall
be provided. Wherever it is required a Dock Leveller shall be provided.

14.3

All lifting machine/equipment shall be driven or operated by authorized UAE license

holder/operator only.

14.4

Buildings used for industrial/trading activity require trucks or container loading or

unloading space/ area and vehicles maneuvering / parking area during loading /
unloading activity. The minimum loading & unloading bay and maneuvering space
required for specific uses shall be as follows:
14.4.1 Retail outlets and service establishments shall provide one loading, unloading
and maneuvering space/bay at least 3 meter wide & 12 meter long with a 4
meter height clearance per building.
14.4.2 Industrial establishment shall provide one loading & unloading space/bay per
1800 square meter of total area. Each loading space shall be minimum of 4.0
meter wide and 15 meter long plus maneuvering space with a 5 meter height
clearance above FFL.
14.4.3 Logistics, General Warehousing, Distribution, Freight Forwarding, Shipping
Agencies, Trading and Trucking terminals shall provide one loading &
unloading space per 450 square meter of total area used for storage,
warehousing and shipping. Loading maneuvering space shall be a minimum of
4 meter wide & 20 meter long space with 5 meter clearance above FFL.

Page 37 of 119

14.4.4 Any of the required loading area shall have the following minimum
dimensions, 3.0 meter width, 12 meter length & 4 meter height. Loading areas
shall not be permitted outside of facility/plot limit. Loading areas shall be
located and designed/constructed within the plot limit so the vehicle intended
to use them can maneuver safely & conveniently to and from a public right of
way and can complete loading & unloading without obstructing or interfering
with any public roads, right off way or any parking space. All loading areas
shall have adequate lighting.
14.5 For the loading / unloading of mezzanine storage area pallet loading gate/semirevolving type shall be provided.
14.6 Natural or mechanical ventilation & lighting shall be provided for every part of a ramp &
all the necessary provisions shall be made for draining off rain water or cleaning
process.
14.7Vehicle ramps,
4.7.1

Straight ramps shall have a slope that does not exceed 10%, curved
ramp shall be not more than 8%.

4.7.2

Driveways used exclusively for ingress & egress shall not exceed 10%
slope.

4.7.3

Parking stalls & vehicle manoeuvring areas shall not exceed 2% slope.

4.7.4

The minimum vertical clear height above any point on the ramp shall be
2.4 meter.

4.7.5

Shall be provided with an adequately sized reflector mirror, to improve

visibility on curves, sharp turns & whenever poor visibility occurred.

4.8 Public Ramps,

4.8.1

Shall have minimum width of 1.2 meters

4.8.2

Slope shall not be greater than 8%

4.8.3

If the slope id s 5 % (1 in 20) or less and there is no drop off then no

hand rail is required.

4.8.4

Hand rails installed for wheelchair & for the use by children shall be at a
height of 0.6 meters.

4.9 Service access ramps minimum width shall be 0.8 meter, with slopes not greater
than 8 % (or minimum of 1:12).
15.0 INDOOR AIR QUALITY
15.1 For the maximum allowable indoor concentration levels of gas, fumes, vapor or dust at
any industrial operation, refer Table 1 & 2.

Page 38 of 119

15.2 Sampling and analysis shall be performed by DM / EHS-Trakhees-PCFC registered third

party laboratories (Refer Health & Safety Guidelines) to provide a reliable indication of
potential exposure.
15.3 The Acceptable Concentrations are the highest allowable concentration in the normal
working atmosphere.
15.4 Employer/Lessee shall hold responsibility to maintain the required concentration levels as
specified.
15.5 The competent department may require the employer/lessee to undertake studies by an
approved laboratory (Refer 10.3) periodically to ensure compliance with the regulation.
15.6 An occupier in control of any workplace covered by a code of practice or handling any
substance, for which an exposure standard is specified, shall comply with the technical
and management directions stated therein.
16.0 ILLUMINATION
16.1 Adequate illumination at the workplace shall be provided to ensure the safe conduct of
work.
16.2 Minimum illumination intensities should not be below those specified in Table 3. Further,
lights and light fittings should avoid dazzle and glare and be so positioned that they do
not cause hazards. Moreover, where persons are particularly exposed to danger, in the
event of failure artificial lighting, or emergency lights must be provided.
17.0 RACKING SYSTEM
17.1 Horizontal clearance of 1 meter from the wall, structure and machine/equipment to
racking shall be maintained.
17.2 Crash guards provided at the end of each rack shall be painted of 150 mm wide yellow and
black or red and white strips.
17.3 Lighting fixtures and smoke detectors should not be located above the rack/shelves.
17.4 Rack/shelves should not be loaded beyond their designed capacity.
17.5Rack/shelves shall be labelled accordingly for material specification & safe uniformly
distributed load.
17.6Floor slab shall be adequate to sustain the additional loads due to the racking system.
17.7 All columns inside the warehouse (fork-lift operating areas) shall be provided with
protection bollards and painted with 150-mm wide red and white or yellow and black strips.
17.8The maximum permissible storage height on the racking (warehouse without provision of
Sprinkler System) is 3.5 meters.
18.0 FUEL / CHEMICAL STORAGE TANK INSTALLATION
18.1 Detailed engineering drawings for Fuel Storage tanks for all type of installations including
under ground, above ground, within or outside the building with storage tank capacity,
location, piping, distribution, filling, gauzing and safe distances from the nearest
Page 39 of 119

building/property line and safety provisions etc. shall be submitted to obtain prior approval
before the construction/installation.
18.2 All FRP/GRP/Plastic underground tanks shall be encased with concrete encasement. A
proper leak detection system shall be installed to detect any leakage.
18.3 A minimum 2 mm thick HDPE liner shall be installed at the bottom of
chemical/fuel/wastewater tanks to prevent leaks and EHS shall be invited for inspection
after the same is laid (During construction).
18.4 For chemical/oils tanks, concrete bund wall shall be provided. Bund wall calculation with
110% capacity of the largest tank, considering the free volume available after deduction of
submerged tanks volume/piping/civil works in the bunded area.
18.5 All pipe lines shall be marked and color coded and shall be checked during the inspection.
18.6 The tank design & installation shall meet the requirement laid down in API (American
Petroleum Institute) and NFPA 30. The design verification report from third party consultant
shall be submitted to EHS.
18.7 Wherever required, for Bulk storage tanks, Risk Assessment Study by pre-qualified RA
Consultant shall be carried out with prior approval of Scope of Work and submitted to EHS
for their review/approval.
18.8 Hydro test certification from the approved Third party for the tanks shall be submitted.
18.9 Crude oils vary enormously in their physical and chemical properties. Some are sweet
and some are sour, but all have characteristic odours which can be a nuisance unless
proper storing and handling facilities are used. Crude oils must be received and stored
either in double-seal, floating roof tanks, or in fixed roof tanks with vapour extraction to a
scrubbing system.
18.10 The oil tanks must be designed to permit the settling and extraction of water. Such
water has to be stripped of volatile matter for destruction, with the water passing to a welldesigned oil/water separation system to the satisfaction of the Authority.
18.11 The storage of volatile organic compounds with vapour pressures above 570mm
mercury should be accompanied by a vapour recovery system. Below that vapour
pressure, pressure/vacuum (P/V) ventilation valves should be fitted to storage tanks. In
some cases it is practicable to install a floating, light metal sheet on the surface of the
liquid to reduce evaporation.
18.12 All storage tanks must be adequately bunded to contain their contents in the event of
a catastrophic leakage. The bunded area shall be sufficient to contain 110 percent of the
volume of the largest tank within the bund. The floor shall consist of a good quality,
impervious concrete with 2mm HDPE liner and Peak detection system is required.
18.13 The storage tanks for volatile organic compounds should ideally be of floating roofs
with nitrogen blanketing. The vapors, upon filling, be recovered and routed to flare or
recycled.
18.14 Periodic inspection/testing of the storage tanks shall be carried out to assess the
Mechanical Integrity of the Vessel/Tank . An inspection program Risk-Based Inspection
(RBI) is to be developed after systematic evaluation of both the likelihood of failure and
the associated consequences of failure for each equipment.
Page 40 of 119

18.14.1 External Inspection: A visual examination / evaluation of the exterior surface,

structure, foundations and insulation of a pressure vessel or tank to determine the
apparent condition and to establish the suitability of the vessel or tank for continued
operation.
18.14.2 Internal Inspection: An examination / evaluation of the interior surface and structure
of a vessel or tank using visual and / or non-destructive examination procedures to
determine the physical conditions and to establish the suitability of the vessel or tank
for continued operation.
18.14.3 On-Stream Inspection: An examination / evaluation performed from outside of a
pressure vessel or tank using non-destructive examination procedures to determine
the apparent condition and to establish the suitability of the vessel or tank for
continued operation.
18.14.4 All the inspection/testing records and reports shall be maintained and will be
required to be presented as & when required by the Authority.
19.0 HAZRDOUS/DANGEROUS CHEMICAL STORAGE WAREHOUSE
19.1 Chemicals of any type, Fuel, Oil, Lubricants, Grease, Paints, Thinner, Perfumery
Products and Gases are not permitted for storing and handling in Pre-Built warehouse or
Light Industrial Units. However, the same can be stored/handled/manufactured at
building/facility constructed at plot of land. Prior to construction, Risk Assessment Study
report from the EHS-Trakhees- PCFC pre-qualified RA Consultant shall be carried out
with prior approval of scope of work and submitted to EHS-Trakhees- PCFC for the
review/approval.
19.2 All hazardous chemicals and substances must be stored in a protected /secured place
with limited access. Chemicals handling, storage and instructions given in Material Safety
Data Sheets & product manuals, supplied by the manufacturer or supplier, must be
understood and observed strictly. It is the responsibility of the lessees to obtain Material
Safety Data Sheets, share them with the concerned employees and display them at
conspicuous locations.
19.3 The lessee shall maintain at all times records of dangerous goods used/stored/traded and
shall regularly update records of the EHS-Trakhees- PCFC on the same in the prescribed
format.
19.4 There shall be no open storage of any type of chemical in the lessee premises and any
such storage/placement shall be considered a serious violation of EHS-Trakhees- PCFC
requirements. Dangerous Goods are not permitted in standard pre-built units.
19.5 Perfumery products, alcohol, tires and other highly flammable products storage,
manufacturing of as cigarette lighters etc., should be stored in a controlled temperature
and all the electrical fittings should be under classified category as per International
standards. The fire protection requirements shall be as per EHS-Trakhees- PCFC: Fire
Department requirements.
19.6Dubai Municipality Code of Practice for Management of Dangerous Goods shall be
referred to and adhered upon.
19.7From time to time various U.A.E. Government Departments issue Controlled and
Prohibited Chemicals. It remains the responsibility of the lessee/trader to ensure that
Page 41 of 119

lessee / trader does not deal with such substances without requisite approvals from the
various Departments and/or EHS-Trakhees- PCFC.
19.8The minimum safe distance (horizontal clearance) of 11 meters shall be maintained from
fence line to the walls of covered warehouse/storage/factory building. For open
warehouse/dutch barn type building minimum distance (horizontal clearance) of 15 meters
shall be maintained. The flooring of the chemical storage warehouse shall be lined with
chemical/ acid resistant coating/lining.
19.9 All building/warehouse facilities for storing/handling/manufacturing chemicals/dangerous
goods shall be provided with Emergency Eye Wash with Quick drench shower.
19.10 All electrical & lighting fittings/fixtures and wiring etc. in hazardous chemical
storage/handling/manufacturing warehouse/area shall be of dust & explosion proof type
and shall meet the requirement of NFPA 70.
19.11 A de-contamination room with storage arrangement for Personal Protective Equipment
shall be provided for chemicals/dangerous goods manufacturing/storing/handling facilities.
19.12

Adequate number of Wind socks at prominent locations shall be provided.

19.13

Adequate number of safety sign boards shall be provided.

19.14 The provision for Fire Run off Water/drainage collection system for chemical
contaminated water for minimum 30 minutes fire system operation shall be provided.
19.15 All RA study recommendations shall be implemented during the design/construction
and operational stage of the building/project. The same shall be checked/assessed during
the Building Completion/Operation Fitness Inspection of the facility.
19.16 Chemical waste disposal shall meet DM / Environmental Control Rules and
Requirement.
19.17 Appropriate Personal Protective Equipment shall be provided to workforce involved
with chemical handling.
19.18 Instruction signage for chemical handling is to be displayed at chemical
storage/handling area. Pictorial signage should be used where ever practically possible.
19.19 Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) shall be followed for any kind of storage /
handling of chemicals.
19.20 Any dangerous cargo shall be packed, marked and labelled, handled, stored and
stowed in accordance with the relevant requirements of international regulations applying
to the transport of dangerous goods by water and those dealing specifically with the
handling of dangerous goods in ports (IMDG Code).
19.21 Dangerous substances shall not be handled, stored or stowed unless they are packed
and marked and labelled in compliance with IMDG code and other applicable international
regulations for the transport of such substances.
19.22 If receptacles or containers of dangerous substances are broken or damaged to a
dangerous extent, dock work, other than that necessary to eliminate danger, shall be
stopped in the area concerned and the workers removed to a safe place until the danger
has been eliminated.
19.23 Adequate measures shall be taken to prevent exposure of workers to toxic or harmful
substances or agents, or oxygen-deficient or flammable atmospheres.
Page 42 of 119

19.24 Where workers are required to enter any confined space in which toxic or harmful
substances are liable to be present or in which there is liable to be an oxygen deficiency,
adequate measures shall be taken to prevent accidents or injury to health. Confined space
shall be designated with signboard. Confined Space safety procedure shall be developed
and the affected employees shall be provided familiarization/training of confined space
periodically. Any change in the confined space safety procedure shall be communicated to
the affected employees.
19.25 Dangerous substances should only be handled, stored or stowed under the
supervision of a responsible person at Supervisory Level.
19.26 When dangerous substances are to be handled, stored or stowed, the workers
concerned should be given adequate information/briefing in the form of tool box talk and
recorded as special precautions to be observed. Briefing should include actions to be taken
in the event of a spillage or accidental escape from containment.
19.27 All liquid hazardous chemicals store should be provided with spill collection pits
connected to appropriate HDPE lined holding tanks.
20.0 LP GAS INSTALLATION
20.1 Detailed engineering drawings for LP Gas storage cylinder/tanks/sphere for all type of
installations including under ground, above ground, mounded, within or outside the
building with storage capacity, location, piping, distribution, leak detection system, auto
shut down valve, safe distances from the nearest building/property line and safety
provisions etc. shall be submitted prior to installation.
20.2 The storage tank, piping & distribution system design & installation shall meet the
requirement laid down in ASME-Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 &
2, NFPA 58 and API 2510.
20.3For Bulk storage tanks, Risk Assessment Study from the EHS approved RA Consultants
shall be carried out with prior approval of Scope of Work and submitted to EHS for their
review/approval.
20.4 Hydro test certification from the approved Third party for the tanks shall be submitted.
20.5Gas cylinder storage shall be equipped with alarm & fire fighting systems, according to the
specifications.
20.6 Storage of LP Gas Cylinders is not permitted inside the Commercial and Residential
Buildings. All LP Gas cylinders should be stored outside the building at safe location in
shaded and well ventilated area, away from heat & ignition sources and public areas.
20.7Risk Assessment study report carried out from EHS Registered RA consultant shall be
submitted along with drawing submission of LP Gas storage/distribution arrangement.
20.8 Periodic inspection/testing of the storage tanks shall be carried out to assess the
Mechanical Integrity of the Vessel/Tank. An inspection program Risk-Based Inspection
(RBI) is to be developed after systematic evaluation of both the likelihood of failure and the
associated consequences of failure for each equipment.
20.8.1 External Inspection: A visual examination/evaluation of the exterior surface, structure,
foundations and insulation of a pressure vessel or tank to determine the apparent
condition and to establish the suitability of the vessel or tank for continued operation.
Page 43 of 119

20.8.2 Internal Inspection: An examination/evaluation of the interior surface and structure of a

vessel or tank using visual and / or non-destructive examination procedures to
determine the physical conditions and to establish the suitability of the vessel or tank
for continued operation.
20.8.3 On-Stream Inspection: An examination / evaluation performed from outside of a
pressure vessel or tank using non-destructive examination procedures to determine
the apparent condition and to establish the suitability of the vessel or tank for
continued operation.
20.8.4 All the inspection/testing records and reports shall be maintained and will be required
to be presented as & when required by the Authority.
21.0 MACHINERY INSTALLATION GENERAL REQUIRMENT
21.1 Machinery Layout Plan and dimensions with list of machine/equipment shall be submitted
by the licensee/owner of the facility prior to installation. All machinery installation shall
comply with applicable EHS-Trakhees-PCFC Guidelines and Regulations.
21.2 Full
operational
details
and
technical
specifications
with
relevant
drawings/brochure/catalogue etc. shall be submitted. Wherever applicable full technical
details/specifications/drawings with test certificates for the installation of Boiler, Heating
oven, Furnace, Pressure Vessels, Compressors and Lifting Equipment shall be submitted
for approval prior to installation.
21.3 Minimum 1 meter horizontal clearance from the walls/structure to the machine/equipment
and minimum 2 meters in-between each machine/equipment shall be maintained.
21.4 All service lines & power cables etc. either to be put in covered trenches or routed through
elevated cable trays/pipe rack and shall not be laid down directly on the floor.
21.5 All electrical operated machine/equipment shall be fitted with ELCBs and properly
earthed/grounded as per DEWA regulations.
21.6 All moving/rotating/dangerous parts of the machine/equipment shall be fully covered and
fitted with proper safety guards. All dangerous parts of machinery shall be effectively
guarded, unless they are in such a position or of such a construction as to be as safe as
they would be if effectively guarded.
21.7 All higher/elevated working platforms/area shall also fully be covered/barricaded with
suitable & rigid guardrail/handrails.
21.8 All conveyor belts shall be fully covered/enclosed to prevent dust generation/emission.
21.9 Wherever applicable full technical details/specifications/drawings for the Dust Collection,
Extraction/Filtrations system and Waste Water Treatment Plant shall be submitted for
approval prior to installation.
21.10 Effective measures shall be provided for prompt/emergency shut off the power to any
machinery in respect of which this is necessary, in an emergency.
21.11 When any cleaning, maintenance or repair work that would expose any person to
danger has to be undertaken on machinery, the machinery shall be stopped and power
supply switched off, before the work is begun and adequate measures shall be taken to
Page 44 of 119

ensure that the machinery cannot be restarted (Lockout/Tag out) until the work has been
completed: Provided that a responsible person may restart the machinery for the purpose
of any testing or adjustment which cannot be carried out while the machinery is at rest.
"Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)" refers to specific practices and procedures to safeguard
employees from the unexpected energization or start-up of machinery and equipment, or
the release of hazardous energy during service or maintenance activities. This requires
that a designated individual turns off and disconnects the machinery or equipment from its
energy source(s) before performing service or maintenance and that the authorized
employee(s) either lock or tag the energy-isolating device(s) to prevent the release of
hazardous energy and take steps to verify that the energy has been isolated effectively.
21.12 The term machinery includes any lifting appliance, mechanized hatch cover or powerdriven equipment.
22.0 BOILERS & PRESSURE VESSEL
Installation and operation of boilers/oil heaters etc. shall meet the following guidelines.
22.1 Boiler design should meet ASME boiler & pressure vessel codes.
22.2 Boilers should be installed at a safe distance from production or other working areas and to
be protected (at least 3 meters). Entry is to be restricted in the boiler rooms for authorized
personnel only.
22.3 The fuel tank should be bunded with impervious bund wall including the bund floor. The
same should be designed to confine fuel of 110% fuel tank capacity and underground
bunded area to be lined with HDPE lining. Details of bund wall volume calculation & design
should be provided.
22.4 All safety devices of the Boiler must be checked before starting and the safety devices as
well as pressure gauges and water level meter should be located at a height of not more
than 1.5 m from the ground level.
22.5 A suitable stop valve/valves by which the boiler vessel or the boiler system may be isolated
from other vessels or source of supply of pressure is to be provided.
22.6 Proper drainage facility should be provided for the boiler condensate and blow down away
from the domestic drainage of the facility.
22.7 Proper sampling point & access ladder to be provided on chimney for emission quality
checks.
22.8 The boiler should be checked and certified by accredited third party (in case of new boiler,
manufacturer's certificate is acceptable) every year. The test & certification should cover
the entire boiler's safety devices, gauges, internal and external conditions etc.
22.8.1 External Inspection: A visual examination/evaluation of the exterior
surface, structure, foundations and insulation of a pressure vessel or tank
to determine the apparent condition and to establish the suitability of the
vessel or tank for continued operation.
22.8.2 Internal Inspection: An examination/evaluation of the interior surface and
structure of a vessel or tank using visual and/or non-destructive
examination procedures to determine the physical conditions and to
establish the suitability of the vessel or tank for continued operation.
22.8.3 On-Stream Inspection: An examination/evaluation performed from outside
of a pressure vessel or tank using non-destructive examination procedures
Page 45 of 119

to determine the apparent condition and to establish the suitability of the

vessel or tank for continued operation.
22.8.4 All the inspection/testing records and reports shall be maintained and will
be required to be presented as & when required by the Authority.
22.9 Refer PCFC Environmental Guideline (2004) No. 2 for Large Boilers & Furnaces.
22.10 Conditions mentioned in Article (16) of the Ministerial Decision 32 of 1982 on the
prevention of preventive methods and measures for the protection of labour from the risk
of work to be fulfilled and acknowledged.
23.0 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
23.1 All Electrical installations shall be approved by the Authority prior to installation/
operations. It shall remain the responsibility of the lessee/licensee/consultant/main
contractor (whoever/wherever is applicable) to obtain relevant approvals from DEWA for
such installations.
23.2 All electrical equipment and installations shall be so constructed, installed, operated and
maintained as to prevent danger and shall conform to such standards as have been
recognized by the competent or relevant authority.
24.0 ABRASIVE BLASTING
24.1 Abrasive blasting has several Environment, Health & Safety implications and
requirements that should be adhered strictly. It should be noted that no open to air
blasting shall be carried out under any circumstances and such uncontrolled activities
shall invite serious action from the Authority. All measures shall be taken to protect
workers, land and ambient air from any contamination due to this activity.
24.2 Sand or any abrasive blasting media containing more than 1% free silica shall not be
used in abrasive blasting operations. All abrasive blasting shall be of recyclable nonmetallurgical abrasive material. No open blasting shall be carried out unless approved by
EHS with requisite controls as specified by the Authority.
24.3 Dust from abrasive blasting must be contained at the work-site to the maximum feasible
extent and should not result in off-site nuisance. Particulate emissions from extraction/
filtration systems should not exceed EHS standard of 0.1 grams/NM3.
24.4 Unless large items of work are involved, all blasting operations must be done in enclosed
blast cleaning machines, cabinets or rooms.
24.5 Whenever abrasive blasting is done inside an enclosed room, this should be properly
ventilated and the exhaust air from these rooms or cabinets should be vented through
appropriately designed dust collectors (e.g. filter bags or similar equipment). The dust
collector should be set up so that accumulated dust can be removed without generation of
fugitive emissions and contaminating work areas.
24.6 Portable blast cleaning equipment used in the open by industrial establishments and
construction sites should be provided with appropriate enclosures such as tarpaulin,
screens to prevent dust migration and reduce hazards to adjacent workers and the general
public.
24.7 Companies using abrasives must take all practicable steps to minimize the loss of the
materials to the environment, especially the ambient air, drainage and marine waters.
Page 46 of 119

24.8 Abrasive blast cleaning of ship hulls must be off-water and shall be appropriately provided
with enclosures or catchments to prevent dust migration/waste spills. Where it is necessary
to blast over water, only abrasives material approved by the EHS shall be used.
24.9 Appropriate abrasive blasting technology or low dust abrasives must be used to control
dust in the out door blasting of large items of work where off site impact and nuisance is
likely.
24.10 Appropriate WARNING signs shall be posted in a conspicuous place in the work areas
to warn workers about the hazards and specify personal protective equipment (e.g.
respirators).
24.11Personnel involved in abrasive blasting must wear a blasters helmet with impact
protection cover, fresh air supply and inside collar, suits made of hard wearing material,
leather gloves and safety shoes.
24.12 Measures must be taken to ensure that personal protective equipment are kept
separately from other clothing belonging to employees, and outside the working area in
special changing rooms.
24.13 All workers within the blasting area must wear appropriate personal protective equipment.
24.14 Workers should not eat, drink or use tobacco products in the blasting areas.
24.15 Workers should wash their hands and face before eating, drinking and smoking.
24.16 The employer should provide facilities for workers to take a shower before leaving the
work site.
24.17 Workers engaged in abrasive blasting must be instructed on the health risks and on the
use of appropriate personal protective equipment.
24.18 All workers engaged in abrasive blasting activities should be medically examined every 6
months and given a chest x-ray. A file and records of each such staff member shall be
submitted to EHS annually.
24.19 Periodic maintenance of all equipments associated with the abrasive blasting shall be
carried out.
24.20 Waste abrasives exceeding the limits specified in columns II and III are hazardous
wastes in Dubai and must be disposed of in accordance with the appropriate EHS/DM
procedures.

I
Contaminant
Arsenic
Lead
Cadmium
Chromium
Copper
Nickel
Mercury
Zinc
Tin
Selenium

II
Total Concentration
mg/kg
500
3000
50
3000
1000
1000
50
5000
500
100

III
Leachable
Fraction(*) mg/1
5
5
0.50
5
10
2
0.1
50

Disposal of wastes to approved reuse schemes (i.e. cement products or similar) is encouraged,
subject to approval from EHS. Any abrasive blasting wastes which are non-hazardous under the
above definition and which are not reused may be disposed of as an inert solid waste in Dubai.
Page 47 of 119

25.0 PAINT / BLAST BOOTHS / ROOMS

25.1 Spray painting operations/activities in the open area is not permitted. All spray painting
operations shall be carried out in the fully covered and proper
designed/constructed/approved painting booth/building. The construction material shall
be of fire proof material and acceptable & approved by Authority. The walls & flooring
shall be of smooth finish to prevent pocketing of paint residue and easily cleanable.
25.2 Paint / blast booth/building fitted with proper extraction/filtrations system Design
calculation of the same shall be based on ASHRE Standards.
25.3 All electrical machine/equipment/lighting/fixtures etc. in the painting booth/building shall
be of flame proof/ignition proof type.
25.4Outlet from extraction/filtration system shall be taken out from the building, raised to
minimum 3 meter from the roof ridge level and provided with sampling point with safe
ladder/access.
25.5Proper paint storage room for storing paints, thinner and solvent etc. shall be provided.
Storage of Paint material more than quantity in-use for painting operations shall not be
stored in the painting booth.
25.6All electrical equipment/lighting/fixtures etc. in the paint store room shall be of intrinsically
safe/ignition proof type.
25.7Exhaust ventilation system @ 10-12 air changes/hour shall be provided for the Paint
Store Room.
25.8Proper Spillage/drainage collection provision shall be provided.
25.9The construction material & storage racking/shelving in such areas etc. shall be of fire
proof material acceptable & approved by Authority.
25.10 Paint/blast booth/building shall be fitted with an emergency stop switch in inside area
and when operated in case of emergency shall trigger an audio-visual alarm.

Page 48 of 119

26.0 RADIOACTIVE WORKS

26.1 The person involved in working with radioactive material shall be trained and authorized
by the company.
26.2 Radioactive/Radiography work permit (on S3 Form) from EHS-Trakhees-PCFC is
required before carrying out radiography work involving radioactive material.
26.3 For import/export of any radioactive sources, License from Federal Environmental
Agency Radiation Protection & Control Department - RPCD, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
(UAE), P.O.Box 8820 DUBAI, Tel.: + 971 4 3965888, Fax: + 971 4 3962113 shall be
obtained by filling and submitting the relevant forms /details.
26.4 For Importing, Exporting, Storage and handling of radioactive isotopes in the PCFC
areas approval from the Authority is required (Refer H, S & F Guidelines). The current
IAEA, local rules and regulations shall apply. For import of radioactive isotopes, S1
Form and for Export S2 Form should be filled and submitted to EHS.
26.5 Monthly report for all import and export of Radioactive Isotopes from PCFC areas is to
be submitted to EHS-Trakhees-PCFC by 5th of each following month.
27.0 DISCHARGE OF WASTE GASES, FUMES AND DUSTS TO THE ATMOSPHERE
27.1 Industrial manufacturing process and some commercial establishments generate waste
gases, fumes and dusts which are collected and discharged to the atmosphere through
vertical chimneys or vents. Dubai Local Order No. 61 of 1991 requires all occupiers to
discharge such waste through chimneys. This guideline sets out the information required
for the design and installation of chimneys necessary to comply with the Local Order.
27.2 In any industry or commercial establishment airborne wastes shall be collected by the Best
Practicable Means and discharged to atmosphere.
27.3 All waste discharges shall have an unimpeded vertical discharge. Any weather protection
cowls shall be designed so that they do not obstruct the vertical free flow of gases, fumes or
dust. Installation of conical weather caps and the like shall be avoided. (Refer Appendix 1).
27.4 All chimneys shall have a minimum height of 3 meters above the highest point of any
structure/building heights. For large volumes or significant emissions or where there is
residential or public use land within 100 meters, high chimneys may be necessary.
27.5 All gaseous waste, fumes or dust discharges shall have a minimum exit velocity of at least
8 m/sec. Moisture must not condense in the chimney during the colder months. Chimneys
may have to be insulated to avoid acid condensation.
27.6 New chimneys should not be constructed without the approval of the EHS-Trakhees-PCFC.
27.7 Any source emitting combustion gases and particles more than 100 kgs per day of nitrogen
oxides, sulfur dioxide or particles shall determine the chimney height on the basis of
dispersion calculation to satisfy the air quality objective at ground level.
27.8 Any source emitting toxic and hazardous substances as classified shall be provided with
control measures.
27.9 In built up areas such as downtown, emission sources must be located away from the
public access areas and clear of any air conditioning intakes, vents or open able windows.
Page 49 of 119

28.0 INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER

28.1 Any lessee/client that has such industrial wastewater should discuss propose treatment,
recycling, re-use, recovery (R-R-R) and disposal options prior to any construction works
(ideally at the time of application for establishment of the project/company in the Business
Unit).
28.2 As per EHS-Trakhees-PCFC Policy, no wastewater is recommended for off-site disposal.
Recycling, re-use, recovery (R-R-R) methods should be adopted along with suitable
wastewater treatment practices. Direct disposal of Industrial waste to DM facilities without
pre-treatment is not permitted.
28.3 The drainage networks for industrial waste shall always be separated from the domestic
drainage.
28.4 Developers are required to have an industrial waste system within their plot separate from
the domestic waste/sewage system. No drains from industrial processes will be allowed to
discharge into the soak away, storm water drainage, sea, harbor or the Authority's drainage
network without treatment to standards acceptable to the Authority (Refer to Environmental
Control Rules & Requirements).
28.5 The developer will have to pay a one-time connection charge and according to EHSTrakhees-PCFC tariff for the effluent discharged into the Authority lines (Refer
Environmental Control Rules & Requirements). These charges may be reviewed from time
to time and the developer is advised to contact EHS-Trakhees-PCFC department to obtain
the latest tariff.
28.6 A proper holding tank with liquid tight liner (preferably 2mm HDPE liner) of suitable capacity
(minimum 3 days capacity) shall be provided for the collection/storage of any industrial
wastewater generated from the operations.
28.7 Open drain channels are not permitted and all drains shall be fully covered/closed and fitted
with flame arrestors & non return valve.
28.8 Proper Fire Run off drainage and spillage collection facility for the spillages, which could
occur in the liquid chemical storage/production area should be provided.
28.9 Fire run off water drainage/spillage collection tank fitted with flame arrestors shall be
provided for chemical/paint storage rooms/warehouses.

Page 50 of 119

29.0 CHEMICAL LABORATORIES

29.1 Since all types of acids, alkalis and flammable materials are used in the laboratory, the
schedule of finishes shall be selected with consideration to the Chemical Resistance,
Mechanical Strength, Scratch Resistance, Non-absorption of materials, Heat Resistance,
Ease of cleaning &, Decontamination, Life Expectancy, Ease of repair & maintenance and
Prevention of static charge. Use of ceramic tiles is recommended as the most suitable
material since it meets/withstands all the above requirements.
29.2 All electrical machine & lighting equipment/fixtures in the laboratory where there is chance
of accumulation of flammable mixtures shall be of intrinsically safe.
29.3 An eye wash shower shall be provided in the Chemical laboratory.
29.4 All waste from the lab shall be treated as industrial waste and collected/disposed off as per
EHS/DM Hazardous waste disposal procedures.
29.5 Fume Cupboard with extraction/filtration system, ducted out the lab and raised to minimum
3 meters from the highest roof ridge level of the building shall be provided.
30.0 NOISE EXPOSURE
30.1 Noise Exposure The maximum continuous exposure level is 85 dB (A) for 40-hour
working week. For levels above 85 dB (A) the allowable exposure duration is reduced.
30.2 In every workplace, suitable measures shall be taken by the occupier to ensure that no
worker is exposed to continuous sound levels exceeding the maximum exposure level
given in the following table:
Sound level in dB(A)
Up to 85
92
95
97
100
102
105
110
115
more than 115

ximum No. of hours of exposure per employee

per work day hours
8
6
4
3
2
1.5
1
0.5
0.25
0

Page 51 of 119

30.3 The following duties are laid on employers:

30.3.1 To make (and update where necessary) a formal noise assessment, where employees
are likely to be exposed to:
30.3.1.1 First action level or above 85 dB(A)
30.3.1.2 Peak action level
30.3.2 To provide, at the request of an employee, suitable and efficient personal hearing
protection where employees are likely to be exposed to 85 dB(A) or above but less than
90 dB(A).
30.3.3 To designate hearing protection zone.
30.3.4 To designate hearing protection zone, indicating that it is an hearing protection zone
with signs, informing that ear protection must be worn.
30.3.5 The manufacturers and suppliers of noisy machinery are to design and construct such
machines, so that the risks from noise emissions are reduced to the lowest level.
Information on noise levels/emissions must be provided when specified levels are
reached.
31.0 BATTERY CHARGING AREA
31.1 Battery charging area shall be provided in separate room from the warehouse and storage
area with exhaust ventilation @ 8-10 air changes/hour. However, 2-4 batteries may be
permitted to be installed in the same warehouse/storage area at safe distance of minimum
5 mtrs. from the storage area/racking.
31.2 The flooring of battery charging area shall be of acid resistance.
31.3 The electrical fittings shall be of intrinsically safe.
32.0 WELFARE FACILITIES
32.1 SANITARY FACILITY
Provision of sanitary facilities (Industrial/warehousing):
32.1.1 Adequate sanitary facilities including water closets, wash hand basins with running hot
and cold water, liquid soap dispenser and hand drying are to be provided in every
premises conveniently placed in sufficient numbers and separate for each sex.
32.1.2 Scale of provision of sanitary facilities:
32.1.2.1 Male:
Where no urinals are provided:
32.1.2.1.1 1WC and 1 wash basin for every 10 (Upto 100 men)
32.1.2.1.2 1WC and 1 wash basin for every 20 (Over 100 men)

Page 52 of 119

Where urinals are provided (Upto 100 men):

32.1.2.1.3 1 WC for every 25
32.1.2.1.4 1 Urinal and 1 wash basin for every 10
Where urinals are provided (over 100 men):
32.1.2.1.5 1 WC for every 40
32.1.2.1.6 1 Urinal and 1 wash basin for every 20
32.1.2.2 Female:
32.1.2.2.1 1 WC and 1 wash basin for every 10 (up to 100 women)
32.1.2.2.2 1 WC and 1 wash basin for every 20 (Over100 women)
32.1.3 Toilets; Toilet rooms should be well lit, ventilated to the external air and should have
self-closing and tight-fitting doors. European type water closet apartments should always
be provided with supply of toilet paper and Asiatic type water closet apartments should
be fitted with water tap at approximately 1 foot from floor level on the user's left hand
side. All toilet rooms and fixtures should be kept in good repair and in a sanitary
condition.
32.1.4 The use of common toilets in case both sexes are employed is strictly prohibited.
32.1.5 In certain cases where the premises/plot is used for only open storage (without any
regular employee presence), suitable sanitary facilities shall be provided on site (with the
permission from the EHS Department) to cater to workers/drivers etc., during loading/
unloading/stocking operations.
32.1.6 Sanitary Facilities for other than Industrial, Warehouse & Factory Buildings shall be as
per section 17 of Civil Engineering Department, Building Regulations & Design
Guidelines Edition 2006.
32.1.7 Toilet walls to be tiled to a minimum height of 2.1 meters above floor level with glazed
ceramic tiles and flooring with unglazed ceramic tiles.
32.2 MESSING & CHANGING ROOM
1.

Adequate provision of Messing room, Changing room with locker facility for the employees
should be provided at each facility.

2.

Eating facilities: There should be provision of mess hall with A.C. Ventilation, sitting and
dining arrangement as per hygienic standards.

3.

Mess, pantry walls to be tiled to a minimum height of 2.1 meters above floor level with
glazed ceramic tiles and flooring with unglazed ceramic tiles. Internal walls shall be
smooth, waterproof, resistant to fracture, light coloured and readily cleanable.

4.

Floors and walls shall be impervious to moisture and capable of being cleaned by washing
down. Floors shall be hard-surfaced, non-absorbent & adequately drained. They shall be
constructed with waterproof, non-absorbent washable materials without fissures or
crevices. (Refer Food Establishment Guidelines for more details)

5.

Drains from the mess, pantry and Kitchen (where applicable) shall incorporate grease and
pea (rice) traps and interceptors.

6.

Change room with locker facility for employee / workers should be provided within toilet
block with common door access.

Page 53 of 119

32.3 FIRST AID MEDICAL FACILITY

32.3.1

All premises must be provided with adequate first aid facilities with at least two trained
first aiders during working hours.

32.3.2 An employer must provide or ensure that there is provided, such equipment and
facilities as are adequate and appropriate in the circumstances for enabling first aid to be
rendered to his employees if they are injured or become ill at work.
32.3.3 An employee must provide or ensure that there are an adequate and appropriate
number of suitable persons for rendering first aid. A first aider is a person who has
received training and who holds a current first aid certificate from an organization or
employer whose training and qualification for first aiders are approved by authority. Refer
Table No. 7 for more details on First Aid Training.
32.3.4 All work places must have a first-aid facility in accordance with the following:
No. of employees 50
First-aid box stocked as per
competent department 1
requirements
First-aid room
Trained certified first-aid staff
Nurse or Doctor

0 - 150

50 - 250

2
yes

0 1000 ore than 1000

In each work area
yes
yes

yes
yes
yes

Page 54 of 119

CHAPTER 4
RESIDENTIAL / COMMERCIAL
DEVELOPMENT

Page 55 of 119

33.0 MESSES AND KITCHEN:

33.1 A mess, pantry and Kitchen (where applicable) shall be constructed of fire resisting
materials and comply with standards required by the Authority. However, note that the
provision of kitchen/cooking is not permitted in the Industrial, Warehouse and Factory
Building (including offices in the same buildings). Also Refer EHS - Food Establishment
Guidelines.
33.2 Floors and walls shall be impervious to moisture and capable of being cleaned by washing
down. Floors shall be hard-surfaced, non-absorbent & adequately drained. They shall be
constructed with waterproof, non-absorbent washable materials without fissures or
crevices.
33.3 Walls shall be tiled to a height of 2.1m above floor level with glazed ceramic tiles and Floor
with unglazed ceramic tiles. Internal walls shall be smooth, waterproof, resistant to fracture,
light coloured and readily cleanable. (Refer Food Establishment Guidelines for more
details)
33.4 Drains from the mess, pantry and Kitchen (where applicable) shall incorporate grease and
pea (rice) traps and interceptors.
33.5 Working surfaces for preparation of food are to be of stainless steel or other approved
impervious material to facilitate cleaning and maintenance of hygienic conditions.
33.6 Mechanical extraction with filtration, exhaust hoods and fans shall be provided to all areas
involving cooking activities i.e. stoves, gas rings, tandoors etc.
33.7 Gas pipes to cookers, rings etc., shall be laid in an approved manner with approved
materials i.e. copper or steel tubing, permanent joints, minimum flexible hose and gas leak
detection with auto shut off valve shall be provided.
33.8 Kitchens shall be fitted with recommended fire extinguishers as decided by the Fire
Department.
33.9 Layout and construction details of any temporary canteen required during the period of
construction shall be approved by the Authority (EHS- Food & Health).
34.0 SHAFTS & DUCTS
The minimum area of the ducts and shafts for the natural lighting and ventilation requirements shall
be as follows:
34.1 Bathrooms:
The minimum area of the shafts shall be 0.8 square meter and minimum width shall be 0.9
meter.
34.2 Closed Kitchens:
The minimum area of the shafts shall be 3 x 3 square meter, regardless of the buildings
height and mechanical ventilation shall be provided, according to the specifications and
conditions approved by the authority if the building exceeds ground floor plus 7 typical
floors.
34.3 Open Kitchens:
It is permitted to build kitchens that occupy part of the common spaces (halls or living
areas),with out providing ventilation shafts, regardless of the building height, as long as the
Page 56 of 119

kitchens are located opposite to the main ventilation openings of such common spaces,
and is provided according to the specification & conditions approved by the authority.
34.4 Pantry: With the exception of the residential apartments that are not permitted to have this
type of kitchen; the minimum area of the shaft shall be 0.8 square meter and minimum
width shall be 0.9 meter. There shall be mechanical ventilation, according to the
specifications & conditions approved by the authority.
34.5 In residential apartments with an area exceeding 10 square meters, natural lighting &
ventilation for the maids room can be provided through the shafts, that shall be no les than
3 x 3 square meter, regardless of the building height and mechanical ventilation shall be
provided according to the specification & conditions approved by the authority if the
building exceeds ground floor plus 7 typical floors.
34.6 The shaft shall be accessible for maintaining and cleaning purposes, and in case of areas
1.2m x 1.8m or below, metal ladders shall be provided..
34.7 The floor shall be hard surfaced, non-absorbent and adequately drained.
34.8 All shafts & ducts shall be open to sky. If any roof or other structure is built to cover them,
the following conditions & requirements shall be applied.
34.8.1 If the roof is transparent or semi transparent, side vents shall be provided, with a total
area that is least equal tot eh shafts area.
34.8.2 If the roof is square, side vents shall be provided, with a total area that is at least one
& half times the shaft area.
34.8.3 A suitable way of opening & closing these vents shall be provided.
34.9 Design & installation of all air conditioning & ventilation systems shall be in accordance
with the current guidelines of ASHRAE.
34.10 Architectural features should be introduced in the elevations/facades in order to
conceal the air conditioning equipment from the public eye. The minimum distance
between any air conditioning unit & the neighbours boundary shall be 0.9 meter.

Page 57 of 119

35.0 DIESEL GENERATOR

Temporary Diesel Generator installation with Diesel oil storage tank shall follow the EHS
requirements. No such unit/s is permitted without prior approval from EHS-Trakhees- PCFC.
35.1Use of Diesel Generator is not permitted at client facility/building. However, on case to
case basis where DEWA power supply is not available a temporary approval for
maximum 3 months can be considered. The client should submit their request with
drawings showing the location, capacity, fuel tank details, electrical installation, cable
routing, period of installation and use/purpose of generator as per following requirements.
35.2Installation of the generator should be carried out by qualified engineer.
35.3Generator set should be enclosed housing for suppression of noise & exposure of
rotating / electrical parts.
35.4Fuel Type - Only less than .005% sulphur content fuels are permitted.
35.5Generators shall be placed (not in setback area 5.5 meter from the fence line) with a
minimum clearance of 1.2 mts. all around and fixed on stable ground ensuring the same
does not move /tilt during the operations.
35.6There shall be accessed only by authorized personnel and relevant signs to be placed.
35.7Proper exhaust vents should be provided to prevent accumulation of smoke/gases/CO at
ground levels. Noise levels and personal protection shall be in compliance with Health &
Safety Rules & Regulations.
35.8Fuel/Diesel tank shall be placed in a secured/impervious area at a minimum distance of
1.2 meters from the generators. The Diesel Tank and or Diesel Storage Drums should be
suitably bunded/ protected in case of spills, to avoid spills during storage/filling
operations.
35.9Prior to generator operations, check all safety/manufacturer precautions and for spills
on/around the generator which could lead to ignition. Before refuelling the generators,
turn it off and let it cool down. Gasoline spilled on hot engine parts could ignite.
35.10 Near by the generators/fuel tanks/drums, fuel-burning appliance not permitted to store
or carry out any hot-work in the immediate surroundings.
35.11 Total electrical load should not exceed the generator manufacturer rating.
35.12 For electrical cable routing, all service lines & power cables etc. either to be put in the
covered trenches or routed through elevated cable trays/pipe rack and shall not be laid
down directly on the floor & all electrical installations shall be fitted with ELCBs and
properly earth as per DEWA regulations.
35.13 Keep cords out of the way so they don't present a tripping/safety hazard. Provide
necessary warning signs.
35.14 Proper Fire Protection arrangements in accordance with EHS: Fire Department should
be provided.

Page 58 of 119

35.15 Proper sign board should be displayed at the DG area i.e. Danger High Voltage,
Authorized Personnel Entry Only, No Smoking, Use Ear Protection, etc.
35.16 The client should obtain EHS documentary approval on the type and location of
generator and subsequently. On completion of safe installation and prior to full
operations, invite EHS for inspection/approval of the same.
36. EMERGENCY LIGHTING
36.1 Emergency, battery operated lighting shall be provided at entrances, escape stairways and
lobbies. Emergency power supply for these areas shall be independent of other lighting &
power sources.
36.2 Emergency lights shall also be provided to give sufficient illumination on essential control
stations for the safe operation or shut down of plant and machinery so as to avert danger
in the event of a power failure.
37.0 BUILDING MAINTENANCE UNIT
37.1 Following safety features to be considered before installation of building maintenance
unit/glass cleaning cradle.
37.1.1 Provisions in case of power failure
37.1.2

Overload safety device.

37.1.3

Wire rope equalizer limit switch.

37.1.4

Emergency stop.

37.1.5

Secondary brake with over speed protection (mechanical)

37.1.6

Slack rope device.

37.1.7

Lanyard restraint trip assembly.

37.1.8

Rotational slew limits.

37.1.9

Factor of safety for wire rope.

37.1.10 Cradle details i.e. Anti collision bar, hand rail / mid rail height, etc.
37.1.11 Horizontal Traversing wheel locking device.
37.1.12 Working surrounding i.e. weather condition (temperature, humidity, wind speed
etc.)
38.0 SWIMMING POOL
38.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
38.1.1 Detailed for Machine, Equipment, Filtration, Skimmer, Chlorination, Dosing, Backwash
System and Safety Equipment with relevant drawings shall be submitted for obtaining
approval for the Swimming Pools. Detail for the same shall be filled and submitted on the
prescribed Swimming Pool Form (Refer H, S&F Guidelines)
Page 59 of 119

38.1.2 Adequate number of Lifebuoys shall be provided at the swimming pool.

38.1.3 A qualified lifeguard shall be available during the swimming pool operation timings.
38.1.4 Adequate number of Bathroom, Toilet & Changing Room separate for Male & Females
shall be provided.
38.1.5 Drainage for the swimming pools and backwash pumps shall be shown on separate
drainage layouts plan and the drainage line shall be shown on the relevant drainage
plan.
38.1.6 For swimming pools on the roof or upper floors provide separate 2 dia. pipe (after
providing regulating valve) to the ground floor manhole connection. Connection to
basement sump pump shall not be permitted.
38.2 CONSTRUCTION, MAINTENANCE / OPERATION AND SAFETY OF SWIMMING POOLS
Applications for the construction of a Swimming Pool shall be submitted to the EHS in the
prescribed manner together with all relevant information and detailed plans of the Swimming
Pool The EHS, upon verification that all safety aspects have been incorporated, shall approves
the construction/operation of the swimming pool.
The design of the swimming pool shall cover:
38.2 Filtration system and re-circulation of pool water
38.3 Disinfection of pool water
38.4 Other control measures for safety and hygiene to be taken at design stage and
operational time.
38.3 SAFETY EQUIPMENT AND LIFE GUARDS
38.3.1 Adequate number of safety Equipment/Life buoys for persons using the swimming pool
shall be provided.
38.3.2 Resuscitation equipment using ordinary air shall be provided at all commercial and
public pools. Any person using resuscitation equipment shall be trained and qualified for
its use.
38.3.3 First aid box with medicines and equipment shall be provided at swimming pool.
38.3.4 A qualified lifeguard is necessary at all public swimming pools. Such a person must be
on duty when people are swimming.
38.3.5 Life guard must be trained in cardio-pulmonary resuscitation and in approved techniques
for life saving.
38.3.6 Life ring and lift shall be provided.
38.3.7 Safety precautions against the potential hazards of chlorine gas leak shall be taken.
38.3.8 A gas mask used for the chlorine atmosphere shall be kept in an unlocked cabinet
outside the chlorine cylinder room.
38.3.9 There should be a responsible person for carrying out regular maintenance of the
swimming pool and the filtration & disinfectant system.
38.3.10 There should be daily supervision for water quality and taking samples for checking
chlorine, pH, and temperature levels. These readings should be registered in a logbook.
Page 60 of 119

Samples should be taken once in 15 days for calcium hardness, alkalinity and cyanuric
acid and these readings should also be entered in the logbook.
39.0 STAFF ACCOMODATION
39.1 SEGREGATED STAFF ACCOMODATION
39.1.1 Accommodation and Cooking shall not be permitted in the Industrial, Trading,
Commercial building/Facility.
39.1.2 A compound wall / secured / guarded fencing shall be provided.
39.1.3 Provision of a separate garbage skip / waste disposal / collection area should be
provided for the accommodation area.
39.1.4 Drainage networks should be totally separated form the industrial drainage networks.
39.1.5 No cooking is allowed in the accommodation premises, apart from tea/coffee/heating
provisions.
39.1.6 Adequate area for Sports and Recreation facilities such as TV Room, Room for Indoor
games, Gymnasium and Outdoor sports volley ball and badminton/basket ball etc.
should be provided.
39.1.7 Isolation ward/room with separate sanitary facilities away from the accommodation area
for keeping employees infected with infectious diseases should be provided.
39.2 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
39.2.1

Normally 3 sq. meters per person bedroom space is to be allotted.

39.2.2

Adequate sanitary facilities as per item 3.3 including water closets, wash hand basins
with running hot & cold water, liquid soap dispenser & hand dryer devices are to be
provided in every accommodation conveniently placed in sufficient numbers and
separate for each sex.

39.2.3

Scale of Provision of Sanitary Facilities

39.2.3.1MALE
Where no urinals are provided:
39.2.3.1.1 1WC and 1 wash basin for every 10 (Upto 100 men)
39.2.3.1.2 1WC and 1 wash basin for every 20 (Over 100 men)
Where urinals are provided:
39.2.3.1.3 1 WC for every 25 (Up to 100 men)
39.2.3.1.4 1 Urinal and 1 wash basin for every 10 (Up to 100 men)
39.2.3.1.5 1 WC for every 40 (over 100 men)
39.2.3.1.6 1 Urinal and 1 wash basin for every 20 (over 100 men)
39.2.3.2

FEMALE

39.2.3.2.11 WC and 1 wash basin for every 10 (Up to 100 women)

39.2.3.2.21 WC and 1 wash basin for every 20 (Over100 women)
39.2.4 Toilets rooms should be well-lit, ventilated and should have self-closing and tight-fitting
doors. European type water closet apartments should always be provided with supply
of toilet paper and Asiatic type water closet apartments should be fitted with water tap
at approximately 1 foot from floor level on the users left hand side. All toilet rooms and
Page 61 of 119

fixtures should be kept in good repair and in a sanitary condition. The use of common
toilets in case both sexes are employed is strictly prohibited.
39.2.5 Mess, pantry and toilet walls to be tiled glazed ceramic tiles up to a minimum height of
2 meters
from the floor level.
39.2.6 The Flooring for the above shall be tiled with unglazed ceramic tiles. Floors shall be
impervious to moisture and capable of being cleaned by washing down.
39.2.7 At points where pipe works/vent/services, etc. pass into buildings, maximum care
should be taken to ensure that rodent cannot gain access.
39.2.8 Pre- Construction termite treatment is recommended for companies constructing their
own buildings.
39.2.9 Ventilation should be sufficient in order to eliminate disagreeable odorous and
atmospheric conditions dangerous to health.
39.2.10 All fans stacks and other overall to ventilation should be kept clean and in and repair.
39.2.11 The roof, ceiling walls, windows, doors and floor of such accommodation are kept
clean in good repair.
39.2.12 Ceiling of all rooms shall be constructed as to prevent the accumulation of dirt,
condensation and mould development and can be easily cleaned.
39.2.13 Lighting in all rooms should be adequate.
39.2.14 Adequate filtered cold drinking water facilities should be provided within a convenient
distance from the work area. (Number of taps will be decided by the Authority
accordingly).
39.2.15 All fresh water tanks must be kept in good condition, maintained properly and cleaned
regularly. All external water taps should be fitted with proper drainage system.
39.2.16 Eating facilities: There should be provision of proper mess hall for the employees.
39.2.17 Cooking inside the room is strictly prohibited.
39.2.18 All infectious diseases, food poisoning and accident cases (if any) are to be reported
to EHS Dept.
39.2.19 A/C Condensed water and rain water drainage must be connected with soak away or
proper drainage system.
39.2.20 The lessee must provide proper sewage drainage system and it should be maintained
in proper conditions.
39.2.21 All putrescent refuse must be collected in plastic dust bins with inner bags and
covering lids before being disposed of in the skip.
39.2.22 Animals: No pet animals, birds or live stock are allowed to be kept or fed in the
accommodation area without prior permission.
39.2.23 It is the responsibility of the client to report to the Pest Control Unit in case of any pest
infestation in accommodation.
39.2.24 Suitable provision for drainage collection/treatment/disposal etc. should be provided
for the sanitary drainage in compliance with Authority requirements.
Page 62 of 119

CHAPTER 5
TEMPORARY DEVELOPMENT

Page 63 of 119

40.0 TEMPORARY LABOUR CAMP FACILITIES

40.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENT
40.1.1 The new accommodation/porta cabins/temporary offices provided in the area of
Temporary labor camp shall have adequate welfare & sanitary facilities such as toilets,
bathrooms, ablution blocks etc and suitable and sufficient cool drinking water facilities.
Minimum requirements of sanitary facilities shall include: 1 WC for Every 10 persons or 1
WC, 1 urinal & 1 WB for every 25 persons.
40.1.2 Adequate water coolers shall be provided with maximum travel distance of 30 meter
interval & placed on concrete floor where spill collection provisions provided.
40.1.3 Adequate canteen facilities shall be provided to all workers depending upon the number
of workers housed within the camp and hygiene standards shall be maintained at all
times.
40.1.4 Floors & Walls of Mess hall should be of easily washable type.
40.1.5 Floors of kitchen should be made of impervious, water resistant, non-skid & easily
washable type.
40.1.6 Schedule of finishes for toilet shall meet EHS requirements.
40.1.7 Water storage tank capacity should be large enough to hold 48 hrs reserve supply.
40.1.8 Minimum floor space in dinning/messing area shall not be less than 13 SQFT per
person.
40.1.9 No soak away is permitted in the camp area. The employer shall provide suitable &
adequate size of waste water holding tank for collection of domestic liquid waste. Design
of such tank shall be based on the anticipated total occupant load with calculation of 280
liters/person/day & shall hold minimum seven days holding capacity.
40.1.10 Waste water holding tank shall have provisions of early warning system with level
indicator and breaching pipe. Access area to such holding tank should be hard paved
from the entry point of the labor camp. All sites used for camps must be adequately
drained. They must not be subject to periodic flooding, nor located within 200 feet of
swamps, pools, sink holes or other surface collections of water unless such quiescent
water surfaces can be subjected to mosquito control measures. The camp must be
located so the drainage from and through the camp will not endanger any domestic or
public water supply.
40.1.11 All sites must be graded, ditched and rendered free from depressions in which water
may become a nuisance.
40.1.12 The grounds and open areas surrounding the shelters must be maintained in a clean
and sanitary condition free from rubbish, debris, waste paper, garbage, or other refuse.
40.1.13 Space requirement for every person living in dwelling unit shall not be less than 40
SQFT.
40.1.14 Adequate illumination level should be provided & maintained in the entire area of labor
camp to avoid glare, irregularity & invisibility.
Page 64 of 119

40.1.15 Installation of LPG portable cylinders or bulk storage tank for cooking activity in the
separate kitchen area shall require obtaining necessary approval from EHS-TrakheesPCFC. No cooking is permitted within the rooms.
40.1.16 Diesel Generator installation with Diesel storage tank shall follow the requirements of
EHS-Trakhees- PCFC. No such unit shall be allowed to install without prior approval
from EHS-Trakhees- PCFC.
40.1.17 On completion of safe installation and prior to full operations, invite EHS for inspection
of the same and suitable operational recommendations.
40.1.18 Access to and egress from the camp shall conform to EHS standards.
40.1.19 The camp shall be fenced with chain link fence of 2.4 meters height and a set back
area of 5.5 meters shall be maintained from the fence line.
40.1.20 The entire camp area shall be hard paved and road based and the roads within camp
shall be minimum 4 meters wide and shall be kept unobstructed at all times.
40.1.21 No cooking shall be allowed in the accommodation areas. Heating Coils, Electric &
gas stove should not be used.
40.1.22 Garbage skips facility shall be provided in a designated area with adequate hard
surface access for clearance of garbage by designated and proper house keeping shall
be maintained in all areas of the camp at all times.
40.1.23 A medical facility shall be provided at the camp with a trained nurse to take-care of
sick personnel and records shall be maintained.
40.1.24 A camp boss shall be appointed to monitor all activities within the camp and maintain
the hygiene, safety and fire safety standards.
40.1.25 The camp shall have adequate fire protection facilities such as fire extinguishers, fire
ring main with hydrants, hose reels, fire pumps & dedicated fire water tanks of adequate
capacity. Personnel shall be trained in the use of the first aid fire fighting appliances. An
adequate fire prevention plan shall being place with the emergency numbers displayed
conspicuously at strategic locations on the camp site.
40.1.26 Porta cabins shall be made of fire resistant material (metal or fire retardant treated
wood form).
40.1.27 There shall be an emergency evacuation plan in place and all workers residing within
the camp shall be made aware of the same.
40.1.28 Any change/modification, addition of new facility/building/port cabins, if the camp
management intend to carryout within the approved temporary camp facility, shall
necessitate prior approval from relevant authority of PCFC & EHS.
40.2 FIRE & RESCUE REQUIREMENTS
40.2.1

General Requirement:

40.2.1.1

The site must be organized/ prepared for the easy access of Emergency Vehicle.
Page 65 of 119

40.2.1.2

The recommended site set up must be submitted to the Fire Dept. for approval.

40.2.1.3

Telephone line for emergency use must be provided.

40.2.1.4

Any building /structure shall not exceed 200 sq. m.

40.2.1.5

If the building/ structure exceeding 200 sq. m in size it must be separated into 200
sq. m blocks from each other by 6 m.

40.2.1.6

These type of buildings / structures shall not be used for storage / warehousing.

40.2.2 Protection from external Fire Spreading:

40.2.2.1 To prevent the external spread of fire between the buildings/ structures, buildings/
structures may be separated from each other or by providing fire resistant material
(metal or fire retardant treated wood forms) as below:
Distance between buildings / Structures Fire Rating in hours
0 1.5 m 2 hours
1.5 3 m 1 hour
03 m and above
40.2.2.2

The buildings/ structures must be 6 m away separated from kitchens, workshops &
stores.

40.2.2.2 Combustible materials & vegetation must be removed 3 m away from any building/
structure.
40.2.2.3 Kitchens must be away from any building/ structure by 6m and protected internally
by fire resistant material & LPG cylinder must be stored outside.
40.2.2.4 Electrical equipment and installation must be fixed as per the requirement of
Electrical Dept.
40.2.3

Means of Escape:
Travel distance should not exceed 15 m one direction & 30 m two-direction from any
point to the main road of the site.

40.2.4

Fire Alarm & Fire Fighting:

40.2.4.1 Fire point(s) for Fire Extinguishers (DCP) and manual call points must be provided
at location where it can be reached within 30 m of travel.
40.2.4.2 Hose Reel system/network must be provided according to the Fire Dept.
requirement.
40.2.4.3

Fire alarm bell shall be provided inside each room.

40.2.5 Fire Training:

All staff must be trained in the use of fire fighting equipment provided.
40.2.6 Fire Notices/ Instructions:
Fire sign must be provided at each fire point and written in Arabic, English & the
languages that can be read & understood by the employees/occupants/users. No
Cooking, No Smoking, Fire / Emergency Actions i.e.
Page 66 of 119

40.2.6.1

Raise the alarm.

40.2.6.2

Call Fire Brigade 997, Ambulance 998 / 999 & Police 999

40.2.6.3

Attack the fire if possible using fire extinguishers/ appliances provided.

40.3 FOOD & HYGIENE REQUIREMENTS

40.3.1

Shelter

40.3.1.1

Every shelter in the camp must be constructed in a manner which will provide
protection to its tenants from the elements of nature. The floors of each shelter
must be constructed of wood, asphalt, or concrete. All wooden floors must be of
smooth and rigid construction. The floors must be kept in good repair. All wooden
floors must be elevated not less than one foot above the ground level at all points
to prevent dampness and to permit free circulation of air beneath.

40.3.1.1 All living quarters must be provided with windows the total of which must be not
less than one-tenth of the floor area. At least one-half of each window must be so
constructed that it can be opened for purposes of ventilation. All exterior openings
must be effectively screened with 16-mesh material. All screen doors must be
equipped with self-closing devices.
40.3.1.2 Each room used for sleeping purposes must contain at least 40 square feet of floor
space for each occupant. At least a 7-foot ceiling must be provided. Beds, cots or
bunks, and suitable storage facilities such as wall lockers for clothing and personal
articles must be provided in every room used for sleeping purposes. Such beds or
similar facilities must be spaced not closer than 36 inches both laterally and end to
end, and must be elevated at least 12 inches from the floor. If double-deck bunks
are used, they must be spaced not less than48 inches both laterally and end to
end. The minimum clear space between the lower and upper bunk must be not less
than 27 inches. Triple-deck bunks are prohibited.
40.3.1.3 Sanitary facilities must be provided for storing and preparing food. In camps where
cooking facilities are used, the same may only be carried out in approved kitchens.
Sanitary facilities must be provided for storing and preparing food.
40.3.1.4 All heating, cooking and water heating equipment must be installed in accordance
to local regulations governing such installations. Water Supply - an adequate and
convenient water supply, approved by the authority, must be provided in each camp
for drinking, cooking, bathing and laundry purposes.
40.3.1.5 A water supply may be deemed adequate if it is capable of delivering on an
average, 100 gallons per person per day to the campsite at a peak rate of 2 1/2
times the average hourly demand. The distribution lines must be capable of
supplying water at normal operating pressures to all fixtures for simultaneous
operation.
40.3.1.6 Where water under pressure is available, one or more drinking fountains must be
provided for each 100 occupants or fraction thereof. The construction, installation
and maintenance of drinking fountains must comply with local requirements.
Common drinking cups are prohibited.

Page 67 of 119

40.3.2

Toilet Facilities

40.3.2.1 Toilet facilities adequate for the capacity of the camp must be provided. Each toilet
room must be located so as to be accessible without any individual passing through
any sleeping room. Toilet rooms must have a window not less than 6 square feet in
area opening directly to the outside area or otherwise be satisfactorily ventilated. All
outside openings must be screened with 16-mesh material. No fixture, water closet,
chemical toilet, or urinal may be located in a room used for other than toilet purposes.
40.3.2.2 A toilet room must be located within 200 feet of the door of each sleeping room. No
privy may be closer than100 feet to any sleeping room, dining room, lunch area or
kitchen.
40.3.2.3 The floor from the wall and for a distance not less than 15 inches measured from
the outward edge of the urinals must be constructed of materials impervious to
moisture. Where water under pressure is available, urinals must be provided with an
adequate water flush. Urinal troughs in privies must drain freely into the pit or vault,
and the construction of this drain must be such as to exclude flies and rodents from
the pit.
40.3.2.4 Every water closet must be located in a toilet room. Each toilet room must be
lighted naturally or artificially by a safe type of lighting at all hours of the day and
night.
40.3.2.5 An adequate supply of toilet paper and foot operated garbage bin must be
provided in each privy, water closet or chemical toilet compartment. Privies and toilet
rooms must be kept in a sanitary condition. They must be cleaned at least daily.
40.3.3

Sewage Disposal Facilities

40.3.3.1 In camps where public sewers are available, all sewer lines and floor drains from
buildings must be connected to them, with prior approval from EHS.
40.3.3.2 Laundry, Hand washing and Bathing Facilities Laundry, hand washing and bathing
facilities must be provided in the following ratio:
40.3.3.3 Hand wash basin per 10 persons,
40.3.3.4 Shower head for every 10 persons,
40.3.3.5 Laundry tray or tub for every 30 persons,
40.3.3.6 Slop sink in each building used for laundry, hand washing and bathing.
40.3.3.7 Floors must be of smooth finish but not slippery materials; they must be impervious
to moisture. Floor drains must be provided in all shower baths, shower rooms or
laundry rooms to remove waste water and facilitate cleaning. All junctions of the
curbing and the floor must be coved. The walls and partitions of shower rooms must
be smooth and impervious to the height of splash.
40.3.3.8 An adequate supply of hot and cold running water must be provided for bathing
and laundry purposes. Facilities for heating water must be provided. Every service
building must be provided with equipment capable of maintaining a temperature of at
Page 68 of 119

least 70 degrees F during cold weather. Facilities for drying clothes must be provided.
All service buildings must be kept clean.
40.3.3.9 Lighting where electric service is available, each habitable room in a camp must be
provided with at least one ceiling type light fixture and at least one separate floor- or
wall-type convenience outlet. Laundry and toilet rooms and rooms where people
congregate must contain at least one ceiling- or wall-type fixture. Please refer EHS
40.3.4

Refuse Disposal

40.3.4.1 Fly-tight, rodent-tight, impervious, cleanable or single service containers, approved

by the appropriate authority must be provided for the storage of garbage. At least one
such container must be provided for each shelter and must be located within 100 feet
of each shelter on a wooden, metal or concrete stand. Garbage containers must be
kept clean. Garbage containers must be emptied when full but not less than twice a
week. Construction and Operation of Kitchens, Dining Halls Facilities In all camps
where central dining operations are permitted or provided, the food handling facilities
must comply with the requirements of EHS and DM Food Hygiene Regulations. A
properly constructed kitchen and dining hall adequate in size, separate from the
sleeping quarters of any of the workers, must be provided in connection with all food
handling facilities. There must be no direct opening from living or sleeping quarters
into a kitchen or dining hall. Hand washing facilities equipped with detergent, hand
driers/disposable towels and foot operated garbage bins should be available in the
food preparation area.
40.3.4.2 Provide equipments for adequate rapid cooling, including ice baths and
refrigeration, and hot-holding potentially hazardous foods, when required. No person
with any communicable disease may be employed or permitted to work in the
preparation, cooking, serving or other handling of food, foodstuffs or materials used in
any kitchen or dining room operated in connection with a camp or regularly used by
persons living in a camp. Food handlers should have occupational health cards and
should be trained on Basic Food Hygiene. Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) Cylinders
when used should be kept outside the cooking area in a covered, well ventilated and
locked area. Provide a mop sink or curbed cleaning facility with facilities for hanging
wet mops if applicable, garbage can washing area/facility and cabinets or room for
storing toxic chemicals.
40.3.4.3 Insect and Rodent Control Effective measures must be taken to prevent infestation
by and harborage of animal or insect vectors or pests. The management should have
contract with a Pest Control company to carry out pest control program for the facility.
40.3.5

First Aid

40.3.5.1 Adequate first aid facilities approved by the authority must be maintained and
made available in every labor camp for the emergency treatment of injured persons.
Such facilities must be in the charge of a person trained to administer first aid and
must be readily accessible for use at all times.
40.3.6

Reporting Communicable Disease

40.3.6.1 It is the duty of the camp superintendent to report immediately to EHS, Food and
Hygiene Department the name and address of any individual in the camp known to
have or suspected of having a communicable disease.

Page 69 of 119

40.3.6.2 Whenever there occurs in any camp a case of suspected food poisoning or an
unusual prevalence of any illness in which fever, diarrhea, sore throat, vomiting or
jaundice is a prominent symptom, it will be the duty of the camp manager to report
immediately the existence of the outbreak to the health authority by telephone or fax.
41.0 TEMPORARY INSTALLATION OF DIESEL FIRED GENERATORS
Temporary Diesel Generator installation with Diesel oil storage tank shall follow the EHS
requirements. No such unit(s) is permitted without prior approval from EHS-Trakhees- PCFC.
41.1 Installation of the generator should not carry out without the presence of a qualified
engineer.
41.2 Generator set should be enclosed housing for suppression of noise & exposure of rotating
/ electrical parts.
41.3 Fuel Type - Only less than .005% sulphur content fuels are permitted.
41.4 Generators shall be placed (not in setback distance) with a minimum clearance of 1.2
mts. all around and fixed on stable ground ensuring the same does not move /tilt during the
operations.
41.5 There shall be accessed only by authorized personnel and relevant signs to be placed.
41.6 Proper vents should be provided to prevent accumulation of smoke/gases/CO at ground
levels. Noise levels and personal protection shall be in compliance with Health & Safety
Rules & Regulations.
41.7 Fuel drums (if any) and diesel tank shall be placed in a secured/impervious area at a
minimum distance of 1.2 meters. from the generators.
41.8 Prior to generator operations, check all safety/manufacturer precautions and for spills
on/around the generator which could lead to ignition. Before refuelling the generators, turn it
off and let it cool down. Gasoline spilled on hot engine parts could ignite.
41.9 Near by the generators/fuel tanks/drums, fuel-burning appliance not permitted to store or
carry out any hot-work in the immediate surroundings.
41.10 Total electrical load should not exceed the generator manufacturer rating.
41.11 For electrical cable routing, all service lines & power cables etc. either to be put in the
covered trenches or routed through elevated cable trays/pipe rack and shall not be laid
down directly on the floor & all electrical installations shall be fitted with ELCBs and
properly earth as per DEWA regulations.
41.12 Keep cords out of the way so they don't present a tripping/safety hazard. Provide
necessary warning signs.
41.13 The Diesel Tank and or Diesel Storage Drums should be suitably bunded/ protected in
case of spills, to avoid spills during storage/filling operations.
41.14 Proper Fire Protection arrangements in accordance with EHS: Fire Department should be
provided.
41.15 Proper sigh board should be displayed at the DG area i.e. Danger High voltage,
Authorized personnel entry only, no smoking, use ear Protection, etc.

Page 70 of 119

41.16 The client should obtain EHS documentary approval on the type and location of generator
and subsequently, on completion of safe installation and prior to full operations, invite EHS
for inspection of the same and suitable operational recommendations.
42.0 SITE OFFICE
42.1 NOC Letter stating allocation of plot/area with endorsed affection plan for site office from
Client/Developer.
42.2 Inlet road of the plot should be hard paved and compacted using suitable road based
material. Same should showing in relevant drawing(s).
42.3 Guidelines: Installation of diesel fired generator (if any) to be followed.
42.4 All electrical installations/fittings shall be fitted with ELCBs and properly earth as per DEWA
regulations.
42.5 Drainage to be installed as per Chapter 3 General Requirement section of EHS-Trakhees
Design & Development Regulations.
42.6 Mess/Pantry, Toilet block to be provided with 8-10 air changes per hour.
42.7 Site office should be installed in such a manner so that while operating tower crane boom
with load should not pass above the site office.
42.8 Provision for sanitation/rest room/dining/locker for the worker/staff shall be provided.
42.9 COC stage -1 shall be obtained from EHS-Construction Safety prior to the commencement
of the project.

Page 71 of 119

CHAPTER 6
MISCELLANEOUS

Page 72 of 119

43.0 SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT

43.1
43.2
43.3
43.4
43.5

Design and installation of small sewage treatment plants shall comply with BS 6297.
Proper arrangement to be provided TSE (Treated Sewage Effluent).
Arrangements for transportation of sewage to the STP (i.e. infrastructure / other means).
Provision to control the odor while routine operations to be provided.
Sludge collection & disposal along with quantity which will be generated from the STP to be
provided.
43.6 Use of treated water generated form the STP should meet the parameters as per EHS: PCFC
Environmental Control Rules and Requirement.
44.0 SIGN BOARD
44.1 WARNING SIGNS
Lessees must provide warning signs in all potentially dangerous areas, such as chemical/ gas
cylinder storage areas, machinery, drills etc. Lessees must provide safety signs for protective
clothing as per working hazard, such as WEAR SAFETY GEAR for noisy areas, WEAR
MASK for dusty operational areas, in addition to other signs like NO SMOKING, FLAMMABLE
STORAGE AREA etc.
45.0 HANDRAIL & LADDERS
45.1 Handrail should be provided at the height of 1.2 Mts. on the stair and any platform where
falling hazards may invasive.
45.2 Safety hoop/cage shall be provided for ladders more than 4 meters height.
46.0 PUBIC HEALTH
46.1 PUBLIC NUISANCE
No activities shall be carried out by any lessee/licensee/occupier that shall cause a potential
hazard or nuisance to his neighbours and/or public. Such instances could be of air
pollution/emissions, noisy operations, improper storage, poor housekeeping, waste discharges,
odorous releases etc. All facility operators shall ensure that their operations are carried out safely
and in an environmentally sustainable manner with due consideration to their neighbours and
public health.
46.2 PREVENTION OF RODENTS
At points where pipe works/ vents/ services etc. pass into buildings, maximum care should be
taken to ensure that rodents cannot gain access. It remains the responsibility of the
lessee/licensee/occupier to maintain regular contracts with service providers to prevent
infestations.

Page 73 of 119

46.3 TERMITES CONTROL

Pre-construction termite treatment is strongly recommended.
46.4 PET ANIMALS
No pet animals, birds or live stock are allowed to be kept or fed in the area/premises without prior
permission from the EHS-Trakhees- PCFC.
47.0 DEMOLITION WORKS
47.1 Method Statement Plan/safety procedures in detail with Site Setting Out Plan for the
demolition work, including safe use of heavy machine/equipment, certification of cranes &
lifting tools, segregation, collection and disposal of construction waste. Personal
Protective Equipment shall be provided to the workers.
47.2 The contractor should fill the COC I & II Form & submit to EHS Department along with
Method Statement Plan.
47.3 NOC from DEWA confirming that all the service lines like electricity and water etc are
disconnected should be submitted with COC Forms.
47.4 Drainage Layout Drawing of existing area (which needs to be demolished) should be
submitted.
47.5 All septic tanks/soakaways/holding tanks/manholes that contain or contained waste liquids
should be cleaned and wastes disposed as per PCFC/DM procedures. Forms for waste
disposal are available on our website www.ehss.ae.
47.6 Solid wastes/garbage/debris/construction waste material should be segregated as building
material waste/domestic wastes/ hazardous wastes and disposed as per PCFC/DM
procedures. Forms for waste disposal are available on our website www.ehss.ae.
47.7 On completion of demolition phases, EHS Dept. should be contacted for inspection of the
premises and inspection of collected/stored wastes.
47.8 Analysis of all perceived hazardous wastes/oils etc. should be analyzed and reports
submitted along with Hazardous waste disposal form.
47.9 The site area should be barricaded properly with warning signboard and suitable screens
must be provided to prevent the flying objects to nearby company.
47.10 All personnel Protective Equipment like hard hat, Safety shoes, coverall, goggles, safety
harness, hand gloves etc., must be provided to the employees.
47.11 All gas cylinders (if applicable) should be provided with flame arrestor and in good
condition.
47.12 All the asbestos sheets/roof sheets (if applicable) should be properly tied and handled.

Page 74 of 119

47.13 Adequate fire protection facility should be provided as per DPA Fire Dept. requirements
so as to prevent any fire incident during demolition work.
47.14 All Cranes/machines/vehicles should have test certificate and operated by a trained
operator only.
47.15 Road traffic (if applicable) should be closed near the area and diverted by providing a flag
man and also informed to DPA security Dept.
47.16 Adequate no. of scaffolds with secure platform, top hand rail and ladder should be
provided.
47.17 A HSE Officer should be appointed to supervise the operation.
47.18 All requirements as per Dubai Municipality Code of Construction Safety practice adopted
under Local Order 61/1991 and JAFZA Health & Safety regulation 2003 second edition
should be complied with.
47.19 In certain cases, an EIA needs to be carried out, identifying environmental aspects,
control measures to avoid impacts, decontamination of the site and waste disposal as per
the existing guidelines and individual records need to be maintained so that the same can
be presented during the environmental audit.

Page 75 of 119

CHAPTER 7
SUPPLEMENTAL

Page 76 of 119

TABLE NO. 1
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LIMITS FOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS (GASES)
1.

Two categories of Threshold Limit Values are shown here:

(a)

Time Weighed Average (TWA)- the time weighed average concentration for a normal 8hour workday or 40-hour work-week, to which nearly all workers may be exposed, day
to day, without adverse effect.

(b)

Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL) the maximum concentration to which workers can
be exposed for a period of up to 15 minutes continuously.
Name of the substance

Ammonia
Arsine
Asbestos

TWA

STEL

25 ppm

35 ppm

0.05 ppm

0.05 ppm

5 fibres per ml, more

than 5 um in length

Butyl acetate

150 ppm

200 ppm

Carbon monoxide

50 ppm

400 ppm

Carbon tetrachloride skin

Chlorine gas

10 ppm
1 ppm

25 ppm
3 ppm

0.1mg/m3

0.1mg/m3

o-Dichlorobenzene C

50 ppm

50 ppm

p- Dichlorobenzene
Dicholoroethyl ether - skin

75 ppm
5 ppm

110 ppm
10 ppm

1.2 Dichloroethylene

200 ppm

250 ppm

Ethyl ether
Ethyl acetate

400 ppm
400 ppm

500 ppm
400 ppm

1 ppm

2 ppm

2 ppm

2 ppm

Gasoline
Hydrogen Chloride C

500 ppm
5 ppm

500 ppm
5 ppm

Hydrogen cyanide - skin

10 ppm

15 ppm

Hydrogen Fluoride

3 ppm

3 ppm

Hydrogen Sulphide
Lead, inorganic, fumes and dusts

10 ppm
0.15 mg/m3

15 ppm
0.45 mg/m3

LPG ( Liquefied Petroleum Gas )

1000 ppm

1250 ppm

Malathion skin
Mercury (Alkyl compounds ) skin

10 mg/m3

10 mg/m3

0.001 ppm

0.003 ppm

TWA

STEL

0.05 mg/m3
200 ppm

0.15 mg/m3
250 ppm

75 ppm

75 ppm

Chromic acid

Fluorine
Formaldehyde

Name of the substance

Mercury ( All forms except alkyl)
Methanol - skin
Monochlorobenzene

Page 77 of 119

Methyl mercaptan

0.5 ppm

0.5 ppm

Methyl methacrylate

100 ppm

125 ppm

Nitric acid

2 ppm

4 ppm

Nitrobenzene - skin
Nitrogen dioxide C

1 ppm
5 ppm

2 ppm
5 ppm

Phosgene (carbonyl chloride)

0.1 ppm

0.05 ppm

Phosphine

0.3 ppm

1 ppm

Silica dust (50% respirable)

various
Sulphur dioxide
Sulphuric acid

0.15 0.3 mg/m3

5 ppm
1 mg/m3

5 ppm
1 mg/m3

Tetra ethyl lead (TEL)

0.1 mg/m3

0.3 mg/m3

Tetra methyl lead (TML)

Trichloroethylene

0.15 mg/m3
100 mg/m3

0.45 mg/m3
150 ppm

Vanadium perntoxide - dust

0.5 mg/m3

1.5 mg/m3

0.05 mg/m3

0.05 mg/m3

5 mg/m3

10 mg/m3

- fume .C
Zinc oxide fume
Notes:
1.

p.p.m. Parts of vapor or gas per million parts of air by volume at 25C and 760 mm
mercury pressure.

2.

mg/m3

- Milligrams of substance per cubic metre of air.

3. C
- The concentration that should not be exceeded even instantaneously.
The above list only represents a few of the substances used in industry. In the case of
substances not in the list, reference must be made to the current issue of Occupational
Exposure Limit (year) revised and reprinted annually by the U.K. Health & Safety Executive as
Guidance Note EH40/ (year).

Page 78 of 119

TABLE NO. 2
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE LIMITS FOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTANTS (DUST)
SUBSTANCE

MAX. ALLOWABLE LIMITS (mg/m3)

Reparable Dust
Crystallize Silica (quartz)
Un-crystallize silica (graphite)
Asbestos (crisotile)

0.1
2.5
2(fiber/cm3)

Total Dust
Un-crystallize silica (graphite)
Stone wool
Silica jell
Portland cement

10
10
10
10

Dust From Biological Sources

Hard wood vapors
Soft wood vapors

1
5

Inorganic Lead

Page 79 of 119

TABLE NO. 3
ILLUMINATION LEVEL
The lighting luminance levels indicated in the following table shall be the minimum allowed in
the listed operations:
Sr.

Operations

Lux

Operations not requiring accuracy like the ascertainment of large objects.

Operations requiring some accuracy like the assembly of machine parts,

grinding of grains and stones and similar primary industrial operations,
chambers of steam boilers, sections where the product is put in large
containers, equipment storehouses and apparatuses used in semi-accurate
operations.

Assembly of simple parts like turnery and moulding which do not require
accuracy and test conducted on products and machines and the sewing of
light colored clothes, the storing of foodstuff, the manufacturing of wooden
planks, leather and similar operations.

Operations requiring accuracy like turnery and lathe works which requires
average accuracy, and office work, final operations in production and
similar operations.

Operations which require a great deal of accuracy like the assembly of

small parts and accurate turnery and fitter works, the cutting and reshaping
of glass, accurate carpeting, office work, drawing and similar operations.

Operations requiring extreme accuracy and patience such as tests

conducted with extreme accuracy, tests conducted on small or subtle tools
and machinery, the manufacturing of precious stones and watches,
assembly of printing press letters, the weaving of dark colored clothes and
similar operations.

50

100

200

250

300

500

Notes:
1.

Only safety has been considered, because no perception of detail is needed and visual
fatigue is unlikely. However, where it is necessary to see detail to recognize hazards or
where error in performing the task could put someone else at risk, the figure should be
increased to that for work requiring the perception of detail.

2.

The purpose is to avoid visual fatigue; the luminance shall be adequate for safety
purposes.

Page 80 of 119

TABLE No. 4
MEDICAL FIRST AID
First aid training should be given by EHS Approved agencies (Refer H,S&F Guidelines) such as.

1.

Registered medical practitioner/nurses with knowledge & experience of first aid in

workplace.

2.

Qualified teachers or graduates/lecturers with current first aid certificates from Authority
approved organization, or Lay trainers holding a certificate from HSE approved
organization, such certificate being renewable every two years.

The number of appointed and/or first aiders in different workplaces should be in accordance
with the following table of requirements:
Category of Risk

First-aid Personnel

LOW RISK (e.g. shops, offices, libraries):

-

fewer than 50 employed

at least one appointed person

between 50 & 200 employed

at least one first-aider

more than 100 employed

one more first-aider to every 100

MEDIUM RISK (e.g. light engineering and

assembly work, food processing,
warehousing):
-

fewer than 20 employed

at least two appointed persons

between 20 & 100 employed

at least two first-aiders for every 50

more than 100 employed

one more first-aider for every 100

at least two appointed persons

at least two first-aiders

one more first-aider for every 50

which treatment with an antidote may be

at least two first-aider trained in the

needed, or where hazard justifies additional

specific emergency action

HIGH RISK (e.g. most construction,

slaughterhouses, chemical manufacture,
extensive work with dangerous machinery):
- fewer than 5 employed
- between 5 & 10 employed
- more than 50 employed
HIGH RISK including risk of poisoning for

first-aid facility

Page 81 of 119

A certificate of qualification as a first-Aider is valid for two years, after which a refresher course,
followed by further examination is necessary before the person can be granted a further
certificate. First-Aiders should be trained in following techniques and be knowledgeable about:
a)
b)
c)
d)

Resuscitation;
Treatment and control of bleeding;
Treatment of shock;
Management of unconscious casualty;

e) Contents of first-aid rooms;

f) Purchasing first-aid supplies;
g) Transport of casualties;
h) Recognition of illness;
i) Treatment to injuries to bones, muscles and
joints;

j) Treatment of minor injuries;

k) Treatment of burns and scalds;
l) Eye irritation;
m) Poisons;
n) Treatment of a casualty overcome by gas/
fumes
o) Simple record keeping;
p) Personal hygiene in treating wounds; and
q) Communication and delegation in an
emergency.

Work places must have first-aid facility established in accordance with the following table:
Number of Employees

No. of First-aid boxes

stocked
First-aid room
Trained certified first-aid
staff
Nurse or Doctor

1 50

50 - 150

150 - 250

2
yes

250 1000

More than
1000

In each work area

yes

Yes

yes

Yes
yes

Page 82 of 119

Section II

ENVIRONMENT, HEALTH & SAFETY DEPARTMENT

FOOD & HEALTH SECTION - Trakhees

Page 83 of 119

TABLE of CONTENTS
Title
Introduction
Scope
Definition of Terms
Food Establishment Guide for Design, Installation and Construction
A. Menu
i. Food Flow
B. Facilities to Maintain Product Temperature
i. Refrigeration Facility: Sizing and Design
ii. Hot Holding and Reheating Facilities
C. Facilities to Protect Food
i. General Food Protection
ii. Food Preparation Sink
D. Hand washing
i. Hand washing Facility
E. Water Supply
F. Sewage Supply
i. Grease Traps
G. Food Equipment and Installation
i. Floor Mounted Equipment
ii. Table Mounted Equipment
H. Dry Good Storage
I. Ware washing Facilities
i. Manual Ware washing
ii. Mechanical Ware washing
iii.
Chemical Ware washing
iv.
Ware washing Utilizing Hot Water Sanitation

Page 84 of 119

Title
J. Hot Water Supply Requirements
K. Finish Schedule
i. Floors
ii. Walls
iii.
Ceiling
L. Toilet Facilities
M. Plumbing and Cross-Connection Control
i. Cross-connection
ii. Drains
N. Insect and Rodent Control (Pest Control)
O. Lighting
P. Ventilation
i. General
ii. Cooking
iii.
Exhaust Hood
iv.
Duct location and Size
v.
Grease filter and Number
Q Utility Facility
R. Dressing Rooms and Lockers
S. Garbage and Refuse Storage
i. Interior
ii. Exterior
References

Page 85 of 119

INTRODUCTION
Environment, Health and Safety (EHS) has developed this Plan Review for the purpose of assisting
both regulatory and industry personnel in achieving greater uniformity in the plan review process.
This guide is designed to assist food industries with the plan review process by providing technical
assistance for the preparation of food service plans and completion of the plan review application.
Review of proposed plans prior to work activity being done is to ensure compliance with safe food
handling procedures and regulatory requirements, avoid misunderstanding, and prevent costly errors.
By listing and locating equipment on floor plans and diagramming specifications for electrical,
mechanical and plumbing systems, potential physical facility problems that may impact upon food
safety can be spotted while still on paper and modifications made before costly purchases, installation
and construction.

SCOPE
Plan review of food service establishments, retails food stores, and all other food operations is
maintained as a high priority by EHS for both new and existing facilities. The goal of this document is
to promote the uniform design and construction standards for food facilities which are not only
conducive to safe food handling and sanitary facility maintenance but which encourage both. It is
recognized as an important component because it ensures:
; That facility equipment and design will enable and facilitate safe food handling.
; That food establishment are built or renovated according to current standards.
; That code violations are eliminated prior to establishment changes in operation, alteration
or modification, and new construction.

DEFINITION of TERMS
"Acceptable food equipment" means food equipment that is deemed to be in conformance with Local
and International Food Regulations provisions such as equipment that
is certified or classified for sanitation by an accredited certification
program.
"Air Break"

means a piping arrangement in which a drain from a fixture, appliance,

or device discharges indirectly into another fixture, receptacle or
interception at a point below the flood level rim. The connection does
not provide an unobstructed vertical distance and is not solidly
connected but precludes the possibility of backflow to a potable water
source

"Air Gap"

means the unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere

between the lowest opening from any pipe or outlet supplying fixture,
or other device, and the flood level rim of the receptacle.

"Approved"

means acceptable to the regulatory authority based on a determination

of conformity with principles, practices, and generally recognized
standards that protect public health.

Page 86 of 119

aw"

means water activity which is a measure of the free moisture in a food,

is the quotient of the water vapor pressure of the substance divided by
the vapor pressure of pure water at the same temperature, and is
indicated by the symbol aw.

"Backflow"

means the flow of water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into

the distributing pipes of a potable supply of water from any source or
sources other than its intended source. Back-siphonage is one type of
backflow.

"Backflow Preventer"

means a device or means to prevent backflow.

"Back-siphonage"

means the flowing back of used, contaminated, or polluted water from

a plumbing fixture or vessel or other sources into a potable water
supply pipe due to a negative pressure in such pipe.

"Corrosion-resistant material" means free of cracks or other openings that allow the entry or passage
of moisture.
"Disassembled Equipment"

means equipment that is accessible for cleaning and inspection by:

(a) Disassembling without the use of tools, or
(b) Disassembling with the use of handheld tools commonly available
to maintenance and cleaning personnel such as screwdrivers, pliers,
open-end wrenches, and Allen wrenches.

"Easily Movable"

means having no utility connection, a utility connection that

disconnects quickly, or a flexible utility connection line of sufficient
length to allow the equipment to be moved for cleaning of the
equipment and adjacent area.

"Equipment"

(a) "Equipment" means an article that is used in the operation of a food

establishment such as a freezer, grinder, hood, ice maker, meat block,
mixer, oven, reach-in refrigerator, scale, sink, slicer, stove, table,
temperature measuring device for ambient air, vending machine, or
ware washing machine.
(b) "Equipment" does not include items used for handling or storing

large quantities of packaged foods that are received from a supplier in a

cased or over wrapped lot, such as hand trucks, forklifts, dollies,
pallets, racks, and skids.
"Food Employee"

means an individual working with unpackaged food, food equipment

or utensils, or food-contact surfaces

"Food Establishment"

(a) "Food establishment" means an operation that stores, prepares,

packages, serves, vends, or otherwise provides food for human
consumption:
(i) Such as a restaurant; catering operation if the operation
provides food directly to a consumer or to a conveyance used to
transport people; market; vending location; conveyance used to
transport people; institution; or food bank; and
(ii) That relinquishes possession of food to a consumer directly,
or indirectly through a delivery service such as home delivery of
Page 87 of 119

grocery orders or restaurant takeout orders, or delivery service that is

provided by common carriers.
(b) "Food establishment" includes:
(i) An element of the operation such as a transportation vehicle
or a central preparation facility that supplies a vending location or
satellite feeding location unless the vending or feeding location is
permitted by the regulatory authority; and
(ii) An operation that is conducted in a stationary, temporary,
or permanent facility or location; where consumption is on or off the
premises; and regardless of whether there is a charge for the food.
(c) "Food establishment" does not include:
(i) A produce stand that only offers whole, uncut fresh fruits
and vegetables;
(ii) A kitchen in a private home, such as a small family day-

care provider; or a bed-and-breakfast operation that prepares and offers

food to guests if the number of available guest bedrooms does not
exceed 6, breakfast is the only meal offered, the number of guests
served does not exceed 18.
"HACCP Plan"

means a written document that delineates the formal procedures for

following the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point principles
developed by The National Advisory Committee on Microbiological
Criteria for Foods.

"Highly susceptible population"

means a group of persons who are more likely than other populations
to experience food borne disease because they are immunocompromised or older adults and in a facility that provides health care
or assisted living services, such as a hospital or nursing home; or
preschool age children in a facility that provides custodial care, such as
a day care center.

"Linens"

means fabric items such as cloth hampers, cloth napkins, table cloths,
wiping cloths, and work garments including cloth gloves.

"Physical facilities"

means the structure and interior surfaces of a food establishment

including accessories such as soap and towel dispensers and
attachments such as light fixtures and heating or air conditioning
system vents.

"Plumbing fixture"

means a receptacle or device that:

(a) Is permanently or temporarily connected to the water distribution
system of the premises and demands a supply of water from the system;
or
(b) Discharges used water, waste materials, or sewage directly or
indirectly to the drainage system of the premises.

Page 88 of 119

"Plumbing system"

"Potentially Hazardous
Food (PHF)"

means the water supply and distribution pipes; plumbing fixtures and
traps; soil, waste, and vent pipes; sanitary and storm sewers and
building drains, including their respective connections, devices, and
appurtenances within the premises; and water-treating equipment.
(a) "Potentially hazardous food" means a food that is natural or
synthetic and that requires temperature control because it is in a form
capable of supporting:
(i) The rapid and progressive growth of infectious or toxigenic
microorganisms;
(ii) The growth and toxin production of Clostridium
botulinum; or
(iii) In raw shell eggs, the growth of Salmonella enteriditis.
(b) "Potentially hazardous food" includes an animal food (a food of
animal origin) that is raw or heat-treated; a food of plant origin that is
heat-treated or consists of raw seed sprouts; cut melons; and garlic and
oil mixtures that are not acidified or otherwise modified at a food
processing plant in a way that results in mixtures that do not support
growth as specified under Subparagraph (a) of this definition.
(c) "Potentially hazardous food" does not include:
(i) An air-cooled hard-boiled egg with shell intact;
(ii) A food with an aw value of 0.85 or less;
(iii) A food with a pH level of 4.6 or below when measured at
24oC (75oF);
(iv) A food, in an unopened hermetically sealed container, that
is commercially processed to achieve and maintain commercial sterility
under conditions of non-refrigerated storage and distribution; and
(v) A food for which laboratory evidence demonstrates that the
rapid and progressive growth of infectious or toxigenic microorganisms
or the growth of S. enteriditis in eggs or C. botulinum can not occur,
such as a food that has an aw and a pH that are above the levels
specified under Subparagraphs (c)(ii) and (iii) of this definition and that
may contain a preservative, other barrier to the growth of
microorganisms, or a combination of barriers that inhibit the growth of
microorganisms.
(vi) A food that may contain an infectious or toxigenic
microorganism or chemical or physical contaminant at a level
sufficient to cause illness, but that does not support the growth of
microorganisms as specified under Subparagraph (a) of this definition.

"Premises"

means the physical facility, its contents, and the contiguous land or
property under the control of the permit holder; or the physical
facility, its contents, and the land or property which are under the
control of the permit holder and may impact food establishment
personnel, facilities, or operations, if a food establishment is only one
component of a larger operation such as a health care facility, hotel,
motel, school, recreational camp, or prison.
Page 89 of 119

"Refuse"

means solid waste not carried by water through the sewage system.

"Regulatory Authority"

means the local, state, or federal enforcement body or authorized

representative having jurisdiction over the food establishment.

"Safe material"

an article manufactured from or composed of materials that may not

reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, in their
becoming a component or otherwise affecting the characteristics of any
food;

"Sealed"

means free of cracks or other openings that allow the entry or passage
of moisture.

"Sewage"

means liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter in

suspension or solution and may include liquids containing chemicals in
solution.

"Smooth"

means:
(a) A food-contact surface having a surface free of pits and inclusions
with cleanability equal to or exceeding that of (100 grit) number 3
stainless steel;
(b) A nonfood-contact surface of equipment having a surface equal to
that of commercial grade hot-rolled steel free of visible scale; and
(c) A floor, wall, or ceiling having an even or level surface with no
roughness or projections that renders it difficult to clean.

Ware washing"

means the cleaning and sanitizing of food-contact surfaces of

equipment and utensils.

Page 90 of 119

FOOD ESTABLISHMENT GUIDE

for DESIGN, INSTALLATION and CONSTRUCTIONS

A. MENU
The MENU is an integral part of the Plan Review Process. The menu or a listing of all of the food and
beverage items to be offered at the food service establishment must be submitted by the applicant
together with the other necessary documents when applying for a License. This process focuses on the
food and what will happen to the food. The source and quantity of food to be served shall be reviewed
along with the preparation and post-preparation operations and the proposed storage practices.
Food preparation processes shall be evaluated to determine the types and volumes of foods to be
prepared. Special attention shall be given to review the food processes which will involve:
multiple ingredients being assembled or mixed

potentially hazardous foods (PHF)

foods which will be prepared or held for several hours prior to service
foods requiring cooling and reheating
Multiple step processing (passing through the critical temperature zone, 41F to 149F (5C to
65C) more than once.

The style of food service should also be reviewed. The style of food service may be:
- Cook-to-order (cook-serve)
- Self-service (buffet or salad bar)
- Service of pre-packaged foods
- Service of large volumes of food
- Food preparation requiring multiple steps and handling, etc.
Menu evaluation involves the review of food sources, categories of foods and their required
preparation such as:
Approved and Inspected food source.
Thin meats such as poultry, fish, eggs (hamburgers, sliced meats, & fillets)
Thick meats and whole poultry (roast beef, whole turkey, whole chickens, & hams)
Cold processed foods (salads, sandwiches, vegetables)
Hot processed foods (soups, stews, casseroles)
Bakery goods
This system is useful since the critical control points for each process remain the same regardless of the
individual menu ingredients.
The menu for a food service establishment dictates the space and equipment requirements for the safe
preparation and service of various food items. The menu will determine if the proposed receiving and
delivery areas, storage area, preparation and handling areas, and thawing, cooking, and reheating areas
are available and adequate to handle the types and volumes of foods being served.

Page 91 of 119

Food Flow
The flow of food through a kitchen can greatly affect food safety, thus, contamination of ready-to-eat
(RTE) foods can occur with poor food flow. These will help to understand how the menu will be
prepared in the proposed physical facilities.
Flow may be in a straight "assembly" line format or be organized to move food through departments
that perform different functions. These helps to better identify problems in the layout.
The floor plan layout should determine the flow from the receiving, storage, preparation, cooking,
assembly and hot holding, ending in serving the food to the customer. This should include how soiled
dishes/utensils and solid waste will move through the facility.
Food flow of a food establishment should also enable to:

Gain an understanding of how food, dishes and solid waste will move through the facility.

Look for points where cross-contamination of bacteria from raw to ready-to-eat foods may
occur.

Determine where soiled dishes, solid waste, outside dirt or mop water may contaminate ice,
food or preparation areas.

Determine which sinks and preparation tables will be used for washing and preparing
vegetables, meat and seafood.

Identify what items will be stored in working refrigeration units.

Pin-point if there is an adequate separation between raw and ready-to-eat foods in storage and
during preparation.
If areas of concern are found, one of the following may occur:

A change will be required.

A change will be recommended.

A standard operating procedure (SOP) will be required to address how contamination will be
avoided using the existing plan.

An option may be given to either make a plan change or develop SOP.

B. FACILITIES TO MAINTAIN PRODUCT TEMPERATURE

Sufficient hot-holding and cold-holding facilities shall comply with the international standards and
shall be designed, constructed and installed in conformance with the requirements of these standards.

i.

Refrigeration Facilities: Sizing and Design

Plan review for Storage room needs to provide adequate refrigeration facilities for the proper storage,
transportation, display, and service of potentially hazardous foods. Specific refrigeration needs will be
based upon the menu, number of meals, frequency of delivery, and preparation in advance of service.
All refrigerators must be capable of maintaining potentially hazardous foods (PHF) at 41F (5C) or
below.
If potentially hazardous foods are prepared a day or more in advance of service, a rapid cooling
procedure capable of cooling potentially hazardous foods from 149F to 41F (65C to 5C) within 6
hours or 149F to 70F (65C to 21C) in 2 hrs. and 70F to 41F (21C to 5C) in 4 hrs. should be
Page 92 of 119

provided. The capacity of the rapid cooling facilities must be sufficient to accommodate the volume of
food required to be cooled to 41F within 6 hours.
Provide point-of-use refrigerators and freezers at work stations for operations requiring preparation
and handling of potentially hazardous foods. Refrigeration units, unless designed for such use, should
not be located directly adjacent to cooking equipment or other high heat producing equipment which
may strain the cooling system's operation.
To plan reserve storage, the following need to be considered:
- menu, type of service
- number of meals per day
- number of deliveries per week and
- Adequate air ventilation in the area where refrigeration system will be located.
The following is a suggested formula to establish required reserve storage:
Formula 1: Based on Meals served between deliveries (note: only 40% of any walk-in unit actually
provides usable space):
Total Interior Storage Volume Needed:
Vol. per meal (Cu. ft.) x number of meals
.40
Below are estimated typical meal volumes for each of three types of refrigerated storage:
Meat, Poultry and Seafood

.010-.030 Cu. ft. per meal

Dairy

.007-.015 Cu. ft. per meal

Vegetables and fruit

.020-.040 Cu. ft. per meal

Thus for a restaurant serving 1000 meals between deliveries (assume a minimum of 4 day storage) the
following storage capacities are needed:
Meat refrigerated storage

Vegetable refrigerated storage

Dairy refrigerated storage

.030 cu. ft./meal x 1000 meals

.40

75 Cu. Ft.

.040 cu. ft./meal x 1000 meals

.40

100 Cu. Ft.

.015 cu. ft./meal x 1000 meals

.40

37.5 Cu. Ft.

To calculate the interior storage space (in square feet) required for the above example, divide the
volume (Cu. ft), in each case, by the height of the unit.
Example for meat storage

75 cu. ft.
6 ft. (height)

12.5 sq. ft.

Page 93 of 119

The interior floor area would have to be 12.5 sq. ft. to accommodate refrigeration storage of meat for
1000 meals.
To estimate total interior volume or space, add together the requirements for each type of food.
To convert interior measurements to exterior floor area, multiply by 1.25. Thus, for meat storage, in
the above example an exterior floor area = 1.25 x 12.5 sq. ft., or 15.6 sq. ft. would be needed.
Formula 2: Based on seating
This formula cannot be used for:
a. Facilities with no seating
b. When a facility caters, or
c. Whenever the seating is not a representative of the volume of food served, and
d. Facilities proposing reach-ins as storage units.
Total Interior walk-in storage volume needed:
Number of serving period x number of seats x 0.5 x 1.25 (for establishments with drive-in facilities)
One serving period should be allotted for each of the following: breakfast, lunch, dinner, late-night
and 24-hour service.

Example:
Fast food establishment, open from 7:00am to 11:00pm (4 meals period), 90 seats, drive-up window.
4 meal periods x 90 seats x 0.5 x 1.25 = 225 sq.ft.

Additional recommendations for Refrigerated Storage Facilities

A. Interior finishes and shelving for walk-in and reach-in refrigeration units should be certified
or classified for sanitation by an accredited certification program. Galvanized metal is not
recommended because of its tendency to rust.
B. All refrigeration units must have numerically scaled thermometers indicating accurately +3F.
The temperature sensing device must be located in the unit to measure air temperature in the
warmest part. All such thermometers should have an externally mounted indicator to facilitate
easy reading of the temperature of the unit. Refrigerators and freezers shall be capable of
maintaining appropriate temperatures when evaluated under test conditions of an accredited
certification program.
C. Air circulation within refrigeration and freezer units should not be obstructed and should
allow for an even and consistent flow of cold air throughout the units.
Refrigeration Unit maximum operating temperature (cabinet air) should be:
Type
Refrigerated buffet units

Max Temp
Cabinet air temp 41F
Food Temp 33-41

Max Compressor
Operating time
70%

Page 94 of 119

Storage & display refrigerators Cabinet air temp 41F

Food temp 33-41F

70%

Storage & display freezer

80%

Cabinet air temp 0F

Food Frozen

Rapid pull down refrigeration units must be capable of cooling cooked PHF's from 140F to
70F (60C to 21C) within 2 hours, and from 70F to 41F (21C to 5C) within 4 hours or less.
D. Approved coved juncture base around the interior.
E. Approved coved junction base around the exterior.
F. Enclosure between the top of the unit and the ceiling should have a space of twenty-four
inches (24) or less. Fixed equipment shall be spaced to allow for cleaning along the sides and
behind, or sealed to adjoining equipment or walls.
G. Refrigeration units should not be installed exterior to the building if non-packaged foods will
be transported from the unit to the food establishment.
H. If the walk-in floors are water-flushed for cleaning or receive the discharge of liquid waste or
excessive melt water, the floors should be non-absorbent (i.e. quarry tile or equal) with
silicone or epoxy impregnated grout and, sloped to drain. Drains may be required to be located
away from of the cooling box and within 5 feet from it.
I.

Walk-in freezer doors should be equipped with pressure relief ports.

J.

All walk-in units should be constructed and installed in accordance with local and
internationally recognized standards.

K. Each walk-in unit shall be equipped with lighting that provides 110 lux (10 foot candles) of
light throughout the unit when it is full of product.

Meals*
500
1000
1500

WALK-IN REFRIGERATOR and FREEZER SPACE ESTIMATE

Surface Area (sq.ft)
Interior
(cubic feet)
4 Ceiling
5 Ceiling
6 Ceiling
46-106
93-213
139-319

12-27
23-53
35-80

9-21
19-43
28-64

1-18
15-35
23-53

7 Ceiling
7-15
13-30
20-46

OR
STORAGE REACH-IN REFRIGERATOR & FREEZER SPACE ESTIMATE**
Meals*
Interior (cubic feet)
500
25-57
1000
50-113
1500
74-170
*
**

Number of meals served between deliveries

Reach-in refrigerators and freezers only count toward the required refrigeration space if they are storage units.

Page 95 of 119

ii. Hot Holding and Reheating facilities

The hot holding facilities must be capable of maintaining potentially hazardous foods at an internal
temperature of 149F (65C)or above during display, service and holding periods.
Reheating equipment must be capable of raising the internal temperature of potentially hazardous
foods rapidly (within a maximum of 2 hours) to at least 167F (75C). Appropriate product
thermometers will be required to monitor the food temperature.
C. FACILITIES TO PROTECT FOOD
Adequate facilities must be provided to promote good hygienic practices, sanitary food handling and
to minimize the potential of cross contamination between ready to eat and raw products.
i. General Food Protection
Provide a separate food preparation area for handling,
washing and preparing raw meat, fish, and poultry, if
served. Where portable cutting boards are planned, they
should be color coded or labeled for specific use.
All food being displayed, served, or held must be
adequately protected from contamination by the use of:
packaging; serving line, storage or salad bar protector
devices; display cases, or by other effective means
including dispensers.
Salad bars and sneeze guards shall comply with the
international standards of an accredited certification
program. Food shields shall provide a barrier between
the mouth of the customer and the unpackaged food. On
the average, the vertical distance from the customer's
mouth to the floor is 4 feet 6 inches to 5 feet. This
average must be adjusted for children in educational
institutions and for other special installations such as to
accommodate the wheel chair bound. See figure #3-1
thru #3-3. Food shields shall be transparent and
designed to minimize obstruction of the customers view
of the food. To protect against chipping, exposed edges
of glass shall be protected by tight fitting channels.
Figure #3-1

Page 96 of 119

Figure #3-2

Figure #3-3
Cleaned equipment and utensils shall be stored in a clean, dry location where they are not exposed to
splash, dust, or other contamination. This should be of particular concern at salad bars and waitress
stations.
Running water dipping wells should be provided for the in-use storage of
dispensing utensils where frozen desserts are being portioned and dispensed.
s
Dipping Wells

Adequate facilities must be provided to promote good hygienic practices, sanitary food handling and
to minimize the potential of cross-contamination between ready-to-eat and raw products.

Page 97 of 119

ii. Food Preparation Sink

Provide separate areas to segregate food handling operations involving raw and ready to eat products.
For washing raw fruits and vegetables, it is advisable to provide a separate food preparation sink with a
minimum 18" drain board.
D. HANDWASHING
Hand washing Facility
Proper hand washing is a critical step in preventing bacterial
and viral contamination of food. There should be a separate
hand washing sink inside the food establishment and each
hand washing sink shall be provided with hot and cold water
tempered by means of a mixing valve or a combination faucet
to provide water at a temperature of at least 110F (43C). Any
self-closing, slow-closing or metering faucet shall be designed
to provide a flow of water for at least 10 seconds without the
need to reactivate the faucet.
Hand washing sink should be provided with a hand drying
device, or disposable towels; supply of liquid soap; and footoperated garbage bin for each food preparation area, utensil
washing area, and toilet room. Sinks used for food preparation or for washing equipment or utensils
shall not be used for hand washing.
Hand washing sinks shall be of sufficient number and conveniently located for use by all employees in
food preparation, food dispensing and utensil washing areas. Hand washing sinks shall be easily
accessible and may not be used for purposes other than hand washing. It is suggested that a hand wash
sink be located within 25 feet of a work station. Splashguard protection is suggested if adequate
spacing to adjoining food, food preparation, food contact surfaces, and utensil washing area surfaces
(drain boards) is insufficient. Splashguards shall not hinder access to the lavatory and be easily
cleanable.
Some possible guides when allocating hand washing sinks.
- Provide a sink close to each employees work station.
- Keep sinks within the employees line of sight.
- Keep hand sink near the flow of food.
- Make sinks easily available for those handling both raw and ready-to-eat foods.
A sign or poster that notifies food employees to wash their hands shall be provided at all hand washing
sinks used by food employees.

Page 98 of 119

E. WATER SUPPLY
Enough potable water for the needs of the food service establishment shall be provided from an
approved source, constructed and operated according to regulations. The pumping and storage
capacities, as well as the frequency of testing of a non-municipal water supply must be specified.
An adequate, protected, pressurized, potable supply of hot water at least 120F (49C) and cold water
shall be provided. In sizing the water heater, peak hourly demands for all sinks are added together to
determine the minimum required recovery rate.
WATER USE DATA GUIDE (Suggested Formula)
- Pot sink = 49.399 gals. for a total fill
49.399 x 4 fills per day

= 197.596 gals. per day

- Floor wash = 12 gals.

12 x 3 fills per day

= 36 gals. per day

- General sanitation

= 30 gals. per day

- Prep sink =15 gals

15 x 2 fills per day

= 30 gals. per day

- 3 Full time employees

3 x 30 gals.

= 90 gals per day

- Dish machine
46.2 gals x 2 meal periods

= 92.4 gals. per day

Total Daily Usage

= 476 gals. per day

F. SEWAGE DISPOSAL
All liquid waste, including sewage generated by a food establishment, shall be disposed of in an
approved manner into either a public sewer system or to an approved on-site sewage disposal system.
If holding tanks shall be used, the design should provide a minimum of 72 hours retention either in
multiple tanks or a multiple compartment tanks. Alternatively, separate plumbing with a grease trap
for kitchen waste may be installed and septic tank reduced to 24-hour retention time.
Grease traps
All food establishments are required to have a grease trap. When installing a grease trap it shall not be
located inside the food preparation area.
G. FOOD EQUIPMENT INSTALLATION
All equipment in food establishments should be certified or classified for sanitation by an accredited
certification program.
Equipment including ice makers and ice storage equipment shall not be located under exposed or
unprotected sewer lines, open stairwells or other sources of contamination.
The following equipment installation requirements will help to ensure proper spacing and sealing
which will allow for adequate and easy cleaning:
Page 99 of 119

i.

Floor Mounted Equipment

Whenever possible, equipment should be mounted on approved castors or wheels to facilitate easy
moving, cleaning, and flexibility of operation. Wheeled equipment requiring utility services should be
provided with easily accessible quick-disconnects or the utility service lines should be flexible and of
sufficient length to permit moving the equipment for cleaning. See figure #6-1 thru 6-3.

Figure #6-1

Figure #6-2

Figure #6-3
Floor-mounted equipment not mounted on wheels or castors with the above utility connections
should be:
1.
Sealed to the floor around the entire perimeter of the equipment (the sealing compound
should be pliable but not gummy or sticky, non-shrinking, retain elasticity and provide a
water and vermin-tight seal); or
2.

Installed on a solid smooth non-absorbent masonry base. Masonry bases and curbs should have
a minimum height of 2 inches and be coved at the junction of the platform and the floor with
at least a inches radius. The equipment should overhang the base by at least 1" but not more
than 4". Spaces between the masonry base and the equipment must be sealed; or

3.

Elevated on legs to provide at least a 6 inches clearance

between the floor and equipment and 6 feet equipment
equipment distance. The legs shall contain no hollow
open ends. See figure #6-4.

to

Page 100 of 119

4.

Display shelving units, display refrigeration units and display freezers may be exempt from the
above.
For equipment not readily moveable by one person, spacing between and behind equipment must be
sufficient to permit cleaning. Provide at least 6 inches of clear unobstructed space under each piece of
equipment. See figure #6-5.

Figure #6-5

If all the equipment butts against a wall it must be joined to it and/or sealed in a manner to prevent
liquid waste, dust and debris from collecting between the wall and the equipment.
When equipment is butted together or spreader plates are used the resultant joint must prevent the
accumulation of spillage and debris therein and to facilitate cleaning.
Provide aisle and working spaces between units of equipment that are unobstructed and are
functional. A minimum 36" width is recommended. See figure #6-6.

Page 101 of 119

Figure #6-6
All utility and service lines and openings through the floor must be sealed adequately. Exposed
vertical and horizontal pipes and lines must be kept to a minimum. The installation of exposed
horizontal utility lines and pipes on the floor is prohibited. Any insulation materials used on utility
pipes or lines in the food preparation or dishwashing areas must be smooth, non-absorbent and easy to
clean. It is desirable that switch boxes, electrical control panels, wall mounted cabinets, etc. be
installed out of the cooking and dishwashing areas. Electrical units which are installed in areas subject
to splash from necessary cleaning operations or food preparation should be water-tight and washable.
ii. Table Mounted Equipment
All table mounted equipment shall be:
a. Sealed to the table or counter; or
b. Elevated on approved legs to provide at least a 4 inches clearance between the table or
counter and equipment and installed to facilitate cleaning; or
c. Portable: 30 pounds or less, no dimensions exceeding 36", no fixed utility connections.
Equipment open underneath, such as drain boards, dish tables, and other tables should be installed 4
inches away from the wall or sealed to the wall. Metal legs of all tables and sinks in food preparation
areas should be made of stainless steel. The under shelves of food preparation tables should also be
made of stainless steel.
H. DRY GOOD STORAGE
The dry storage space required depends upon the menu, number of meals, quantities purchased and
frequency of delivery. The location of the storeroom should be adjacent to the food preparation area
and convenient to receiving. Adequate ventilation should be provided. Ideally, the storeroom should
be free of un-insulated steam and water pipes, water heaters, transformers, refrigeration condensing
units, steam generators or other heat producing equipment. Temperatures of 50F to 70F (10C to
21C) are recommended.

Page 102 of 119

A suggested formula used in estimating required storage space is as follows:

Required Storage Area (square feet) =

Volume per meal x number of meals between

deliveries
Average height x Fraction of usable storeroom
floor area

(1) Volume per meal = .025 to .050 cu. ft. per meal served
(2) Useful storeroom height = 4 to 7 feet
(3) Storage time between deliveries = 3 to 14 days
(4) Fraction of useable storeroom floor area = .3 to .6
Shelving can be constructed of suitably finished hard wood, durable plastic or preferably of corrosion
resistant metal. The highest shelf for practical use is 7 feet and the lowest one should be 6 inches from
the floor. Clearance between the shelves should be at least 15 inches. Sufficient moveable dunnage
racks and dollies (with smooth surfaces, cleanable in case of food spillage or package breakage) should
be provided to store all food containers at least 6" above the floor.
Dunnage racks, pallets, etc. should be spaced sufficiently from walls to allow for vermin monitoring
and inspection. A space of 18" is recommended. Wooden shelving and pallets require a higher level of
maintenance and are more conducive to vermin infestation. Food containers shall not be stored under
exposed or unprotected sewer lines or leaking water lines. Approved food containers with tight-fitting
covers and dollies should be used for storing bulk foods such as flour, cornmeal, sugar, dried beans,
rice and similar foods. Scoops are needed for each food storage container in use.
Dry Storage Calculation:
Two suggested formulas used in estimating required storage space are as follows:
Formula # 1 - Linear feet of shelving for storage (ft) =
Volume per meal x number of meals between deliveries
DxHxC
D = Depth of the shelves in feet
H = Clearance between shelves in feet
C = 80% effective capacity of shelf height
For example, assume 400 meals per day and a 10 day storage between deliveries = 4000 meals for
which to provide storage, Volume of .035 per meal, shelf depth of 18 inches, clearance of 18 inches
between shelves and 80% effective capacity of shelf height:

Linear feet of shelving for storage (ft.) =

.035 cu. ft. x 4000 meals =

1.5 ft. x 1.5 ft. x 80%

77.77 Linear feet

Formula # 2 - Required Storage Area (sq. ft.) =

Volume per meal x number of meals between deliveries
Average height x fraction of usable storeroom floor area

Page 103 of 119

(1) Volume per meal = .025 to .050 cu. ft. per meal served (2) Useful storage height = 4 to 7 feet.
(2) Storage time between deliveries = 3 to 14 days
(3) Fraction of useable storeroom floor area = .3 to .6
For example, assume 100 meals per day and a 10 day storage between deliveries = 1000 meals for
which to provide storage:
Required Storage Area = .05 cu. ft. x 1000 meals 5 ft. x.3
Required Storage Area = 33 square feet
I. WARE WASHING FACILITIES
i.

Manual Ware Washing

For manual washing and sanitizing of utensils, provide a stainless steel sink with no fewer than 3
compartments. The sink compartments shall be large enough to hold the largest pot, pan or piece of
equipment. Each compartment shall be supplied with adequate hot and cold potable running water.
Integral drain boards of adequate size shall be provided on both sides of the sink for cleaned and soiled
utensils. When approved, 2 compartment sinks may be allowable under certain conditions. See figure
#8-1. Drain boards should generally be at least the same size as that of the sink compartments.
Recommended size is 36-48 inches long and 30 inches wide.

Figure #8-1
Locate a floor drain in the immediate vicinity of the sink in areas where wet pots, utensils and
equipment are air-drying. Approved racks, shelves or dish tables are to be provided adjacent to the
ware wash sink.
Provide adequate facilities for pre-flushing or pre-scrapping equipment and utensils.
An approved chemical test kit for determining sanitizer strength shall be available and used.
Working supplies of cleaners and sanitizers must be stored in an approved location. A recommended
storage location is on a wire shelf below the drain board of the 3 compartment sink.
Page 104 of 119

ii. Mechanical Ware Washing

The waste line for all mechanical ware washing machines must not be directly connected to the sewer
line. Except that the waste line may be connected directly on the inlet side of a properly vented floor
drain when the floor drain is within 5 feet of the ware washing machine and the drain line from the
machine is properly trapped and vented. See figure #8-2.

Figure #8-2
Adequate facilities shall be provided to air dry washed utensils and equipment. Storage facilities shall
be provided to store cleaned and sanitized utensils and equipment at least 12 inches above the floor on
fixed shelves or in enclosed cabinets protected from splash, dust, overhead plumbing or other
contamination.
An adequate facility for pre-flushing or pre-scrapping shall be provided on the soiled dish side of the
dishwashing machine.
Drain boards shall be provided and shall be of adequate size for the proper handling of utensils and
located so as not to interfere with the proper use of the ware washing facilities. Mobile dish tables may
be acceptable for use in lieu of drain boards.
iii. Chemical Ware Washing
Chemical ware washing machines shall meet internationally recognized standards and be certified by
an accredited certification program. The installation must conform to applicable code requirements.
Among the specific requirements for the installation of an approved chemical ware washing machine
are the following:
1. The chemical sanitizing feeder must meet internationally recognized standards and be
certified by an accredited certification program.
2. An approved chemical test kit for determining sanitizer strength shall be available and used.
Adequate facilities shall be provided to air dry washed utensils and equipment. Storage facilities shall
be provided to store cleaned and sanitized utensils and equipment at least 12 inches above the floor
protected from splash, dust, overhead plumbing or other contamination, on fixed shelves or in
Page 105 of 119

enclosed cabinets. The plan must specify location and facilities used for storing all utensils and
equipment.
iv. Ware Washing Utilizing Hot Water Sanitation
A commercial ware washing machine for mechanical ware washing utilizing hot water for sanitization
shall be provided that is in compliance with the standards of an ANSI accredited certification program.
The installation and required accessories shall be in conformance with local applicable plumbing
codes.
An approved maximum registering thermometer or high temperature test papers shall be available and
used.
If the detergent dispenser or drying agent dispenser is not equipped with an integral backflow
prevention device, the installation point of the dispenser shall be below the vacuum breaker on the
ware washing machine. See figure #8-3.

Figure #8-3

J. HOT WATER SUPPLY REQUIREMENTS

The hot water supply shall be sufficient to satisfy the continuous and peak hot water demands of the
establishment. Hot water for hand washing shall be of a temperature of at least 110F (43C). Hot
water for mechanical dishwashing must be 150F to 165F (65C to 74C) for washing and 165F to
180F (74C to 82C) for sanitizing. The temperature of the wash solution in spray-type ware washers
that use chemicals to sanitize may not be less than 120F (49C). The water temperature for manual
hot water sanitization must be at least 171F (77C). For purposes of sizing the hot water generating
capability, assume a supply temperature requirement of 140F (60C) to each fixture and to the
mechanical dishwashing machines.
In the absence of specific hot water usage figures for equipment, the following chart may be used to
provide an approximation:
Equipment Type

Gallons Per Hour

High

Low

Vegetable sink

15

15

Single pot sink

20

15

Double pot sink

40

30
Page 106 of 119

Triple pot sink

60

45

Pre-rinse for dishes-shower head type

45

45

Bar sink-three compartment

20

Bar sink-four compartment

25

Chemical sanitizing glass washer

60

Lavatory

Cook sink

10

10

Hot water filling faucet

15

15

Bain Marie

10

10

Coffee urn

Kettle stand

Garbage can washer

50

50

Nine and twelve pound clothes washer

45

45

Sixteen pound clothes washer

60

60

Employee shower

20

20

High - To be used when multi-use eating utensils are utilized

Low - To be used in carry-out food operations where single service eating utensils are utilized.
One way to estimate the projected hot water demand (gallons per hour final rinse) of mechanical ware
washing machines, pot and pan washers and silverware washers, is to refer to the manufacturer's
specification sheet for the particular make and model of the machine.
All hot water generating equipment should conform to nationally recognized standards and be
certified or classified by a certification program. The manufacturers' specification sheets (cut sheets)
should be consulted for hot water supply requirements.

Page 107 of 119

K. FINISH SCHEDULE
The following chart and footnotes provide acceptable finishes for floors, walls and ceilings, by area:
FLOOR

WALL

CEILING

COOKING

Poured seamless, sealed

concrete with epoxy
coating or ceramic tile

Stainless steel; aluminum;

Ceramic tile

Metal clad
fiberboard; Glazed
surface

FOOD PREP

Same as above plus

commercial grade vinyl
composition tile.

Same as above plus approved

wall panels (FRP) Fiberglass
Reinforced Polyester Panel;
epoxy painted drywall; or
with glazed surface

Same as above

BAR

Same as above

Same as above for areas

behind sinks

Meets building
codes

FOOD STORAGE

Same as above plus

sealed concrete,
commercial grade vinyl
composition tile or
sheets

Approved wall panels (FRP)

Fiberglass Reinforced
Polyester Panel; epoxy
painted drywall; or with
glazed surface

Acoustic tile;
painted sheetrock

OTHER STORAGE

Same as above

Drywall painted & smooth

surface

Same as above

TOILET ROOM

Ceramic tile;
commercial grade vinyl
composition file or
sheets

Approved wall panels (FRP)

Fiberglass Reinforced
Polyester Panel; Ceramic
Tiles epoxy painted drywall;
or with glazed surface

Plastic coated or
metal clad
fiberboard; glazed
surface; plastic
laminate

DRESSING ROOMS

Same as above

Painted sheetrock

Same as above plus

painted sheetrock

GARBAGE &
REFUSE AREAS
(Interior)

Quarry tile; Ceramic

tiles; poured seamless,
sealed concrete;
commercial grade vinyl
composition tile or
sheets

Approved wall panels (FRP)

Fiberglass Reinforced
Polyester Panel; epoxy
painted drywall; filled block
with epoxy paint or glazed
surface

Plastic coated or
metal clad
fiberboard; glazed
surface; plastic
laminate

MOP SERVICE
AREA

Quarry tile; poured

seamless sealed
concrete

Same as above

Same as above

WAREWASHING
AREA

Same as above plus

commercial grade vinyl
composition tile

Stainless steel; aluminum;

approved wall panels (FRP)
Fiberglass Reinforced

Same as above

KITCHEN

Page 108 of 119

Polyester Panel; epoxy

painted drywall; filled block
with epoxy paint or glazed
surface
WALK-IN
REFRIGERATORS &
FREEZERS

i.

Quarry tile; stainless

steel; poured seamless
sealed concrete; poured
synthetic

Aluminum; stainless steel;

enamel coated steel (or other
corrosion resistant material)

Aluminum;
stainless steel;
enamel coated steel
(or other corrosion
resistant material)

Floors
1. All floor coverings in food preparation, food storage, utensil-washing areas, walk-in
refrigeration units, dressing rooms, locker rooms, toilet rooms and vestibules must be smooth,
non-absorbent, easily cleanable and durable. Anti-slip floor covering may be used in high
traffic areas only.
2. Any alternate materials not listed in the above chart must be submitted for evaluation.
3. There must be coving at base junctures that is compatible to both wall and floor coverings;
recommended to provide at least 1/4 inch radius and 4" in height. See figure #10-1.

Figure #10-1
4. Properly installed, trapped floor drains shall be provided in floors that are water flushed for
cleaning or that receive discharges of water or other fluid waste from equipment or in areas
where pressure spray methods for cleaning equipment are used. Floors should be sloped to the
drain at least 1/8 inches per foot.
5. Grouting should be non-absorbent and impregnated with epoxy, silicone or polyurethane.
6. All walk-in refrigeration units both with prefabricated floors and without should be installed
in accordance with the manufacturer's installation requirements.

Page 109 of 119

ii. Walls
1. The walls, including non-supporting partitions, wall coverings and ceilings of walk-in
refrigerating units, food preparation areas, equipment washing and utensil washing areas,
toilet rooms and vestibules shall be smooth, non-absorbent, and capable of withstanding
repeated washing. Light colors are recommended for walls and ceilings. Studs, joists and rafters
shall not be exposed in walk-in refrigeration units, food preparation areas, equipment washing
and utensil washing areas, toilet rooms and vestibules. Where permitted to be exposed, studs,
joists and rafters must be finished to provide an easily cleanable surface.
2. All alternate materials not listed in the above chart must be submitted for evaluation.
3. Glazed surfaces should be glazed block, or brick or ceramic tile. Grouting must be nonabsorbent and impregnated with epoxy, silicone, polyurethane or an equivalent compound.
Concrete block, if used, must be rendered non-porous and smooth by the application of
approved block filler followed by the application of an epoxy-type covering or equivalent. All
mortar joints shall be only slightly tooled and suitably finished to render them easily
cleanable.
4. Plastic laminated panels may find applications but are not recommended. Joint finishes should
be compatible with the wall structure. Voids should be eliminated at joints.
iii. Ceiling
Finishes shall be light-colored, smooth, non-absorbent and easily cleanable. Acoustical
material free of porous cloth or sponge may be used, provided ventilation is adequate to
minimize soiling.
L. TOILET FACILITIES
Toilets and urinals shall be designed to be easily cleanable and shall have integral backflow prevention
devices. Toilet rooms shall be completely enclosed and shall have tight-fitting, self-closing doors and
shall be vented to the outside.
Food facilities such as grocery stores, convenience stores and food service facilities may have rest
rooms but should not open directly into the food preparation area. Other facilities, typically
processing plants, must provide employee rest rooms that do not open into areas where food is
exposed to airborne contamination, except where alternate means have been taken to protect against
such contamination (such as double doors or positive air-flow systems).
A sign or poster that notifies food employees to wash their hands shall be provided at all hand washing
sinks used by food employees and shall be clearly visible to food employees.
Toilet facilities shall be of adequate number for customers, workers and handicapped. The
requirements on the number of toilets and handicapped facilities shall be in accordance with EHS
regulations.

Page 110 of 119

M. PLUMBING AND CROSS CONNECTION CONTROL

Plumbing shall be sized and installed according to applicable local and international requirements.
There shall be no cross connections between the potable water supply and any non-potable or
questionable water supply. Where non-potable water systems are permitted for purposes such as air
conditioning and fire protection, the non-potable water must not contact directly or indirectly: food,
potable water or equipment that contacts food or utensils. The piping of any non-potable water system
shall be durably identified so that it is readily distinguishable from piping that carries potable water.
i.

Cross-Connections

A cross-connection is an ACTUAL or POTENTIAL link between the potable water supply and a
source of contamination (sewage, chemicals, gas, etc.). A cross-connection can be a temporary or
permanent direct connection, by-pass arrangement, jumper connection, submerged inlet, removable
section, swivel or change-over device, etc. that could connect a potable system to a non-potable
source. it must be properly protected with an acceptable backflow prevention assembly or device to
eliminate any potential for a reverse flow back into the potable water supply. An unprotected crossconnection threatens the health and safety of individuals and may contaminate food or beverage
products utilizing water from that system.
Two Types of Cross-Connections:
Direct Connection:

Is a physical connection between a potable and non-potable system. A direct

pathway exists between the two separate systems for contamination to be
transferred into the potable water system. An example of a direct connection is
a pipe installed to connect a potable water line to a sewer line.

Indirect Connection:

Is a situation in which, under "normal" conditions, a cross-connection does not

exist. However, under "unique" circumstances a pathway for contamination
can occur. The source of contamination may be a back-up, be blown across,
siphoned, pushed, or diverted into a potable water supply. An indirect
connection is only subject to back-siphonage.
Forces Acting on Cross-Connections

Contamination occurs when the pressure between the water supply and another system (via some
connection) are sufficient to transfer the contaminant into the water supply. These temporary
reversals of pressure can be unpredictable.
Backflow is a reversal in flow that is opposite to the expected or intended direction. The reversal in
flow is undesirable. However, a properly protected system can remain safe. There are two types of
backflow: "backpressure" and "back-siphonage".
Backpressure occurs when both systems (potable & non-potable) are under pressure (above
atmospheric pressure). Backflow occurs when the non-potable system has greater pressure than the
potable system. This pressure differential pushes the contaminant into the potable supply.
Back-siphonage occurs when the pressure in the water supply system drops below atmospheric
pressure and the non-potable source is drawn or siphoned into the water supply. Back-siphonage can
occur with either a direct or indirect connection and the systems can be either open or closed to the
atmosphere. Principle causes include:
- Undersized sections of pipe can create an aspirator effect in the restricted area.
Page 111 of 119

A break or repair in a supply line can create a vacuum (as gravity drains the water out) on
the elevated portions of the system above the effected area.
A high water withdrawal, such as fire fighting or water main flushing, can create a
vacuum. The withdrawal is more likely to create stronger negative pressure at the higher
elevation of the system.
A vacuum can be induced on the suction side of a booster pump, such as high-rise
buildings and processing plants.
Physical Backflow Prevention Methods

* An air gap means the unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere between the lowest
opening from any pipe or outlet supplying fixture, or other device, and the flood level rim of the
receptacle. The vertical physical separation shall be at least two times the inside diameter of the water
inlet pipe above the flood rim level, but shall not be less than one inch.
* An air break is a piping arrangement in which a drain from a fixture, appliance, or device discharges
indirectly into another fixture, receptacle or interception at a point below the flood level rim. The
connection does not provide an unobstructed vertical distance through the free atmosphere and is not
solidly connected, but precludes the possibility of backflow to a potable water source into a sink or
dishwasher/or fixture being drained. See figure #12-5.

Figure #12-5

There shall be no cross connections between the potable water supply and any non-potable water
supply. The potable water system shall be installed to preclude the possibility of back flow and backsiphonage. Devices shall be installed to protect against backflow and back-siphonage at all fixtures and
equipment unless an air gap is provided. The air gap must be at least twice the diameter of the water
supply inlet, but not less than 1 inch, between the water supply inlet and the fixture's flood level rim.
See figure #12-1 & #12-2.

Figure #12-1

Figure #12-2
Page 112 of 119

The following provides examples of some of the types of equipment with potentially submerged inlets
and required backflow/back-siphonage protection:

Equipment
1. Boiler with chemicals added
2. Boiler with no chemicals added
3. Carbonators for beverage dispensers

Backflow/Back-siphonage Preventer Required

in Lieu of Air Gap
Reduced pressure device
Air vent type backflow preventer
Approved backflow preventer (in agreement
with local plumbing codes)

4. Lawn sprinkler system with no chemicals added

Atmospheric or pressure vacuum breaker

5. Flush valve toilets

Atmospheric or pressure vacuum breaker

6. All hose bibs inside & outside of establishments

Hose bib-type vacuum breaker

7. Pre-flush hose with a nozzle head that may be

submerged

Pressure vacuum breaker

8. Perforated pipe to oriental wok cookers

Atmospheric vacuum breaker

9. Inlets which are or may become submerged:

a. Supply inlet to garbage grinder

Atmospheric vacuum breaker*

b. Supply inlet to dish table trough

"

c. Fill line for steam kettle

"

d. Supply line for mechanical ware washing

machine

"

e. Supply line to all soap and chemical

dispensing units on mechanical ware washing
machine

"

f. Garbage can washer

"

g. Soap portioner on faucet

Soap portioner must contain an internal air

gap

h. Water wash system for exhaust hood

Air vent type backflow preventer (RPZ may

be required if toxic chemicals are added)

See figure #12-3 for examples of backflow/back-siphonage prevention devices.

Page 113 of 119

Figure #12-3
*An atmospheric vacuum breaker means a mechanical device which automatically air vents a pipeline
to prevent back-siphonage. The device shall be located beyond the last control valve prior to the first
outlet and at an elevation 6 inches higher than any source of contamination. Atmospheric vacuum
breakers shall be installed so that they are not subject to backpressure or continuous operating
pressure of more than 12 hours duration.
ii. Drains
A direct connection may not exist between the sewerage system and any drains originating from
equipment in which food, portable equipment, or utensils are placed, except if otherwise required by
state plumbing codes. When a ware washing machine is located within 5 feet of a trapped floor drain,
the dishwasher waste outlet may be connected directly on the inlet side of a properly vented floor
drain trap. See figure #12-4.

Figure #12-4

Other examples of required indirect drain line connections are:

Equipment

Indirect Drain Line Connection

Required to Sewer Line

1. Water-cooled condenser for ice machine

or other refrigeration system

Air gap

2. Air-cooled condenser for ice machine or

other refrigeration system

Air break

3. Ice bin

Air break
Page 114 of 119

N. INSECT AND RODENT CONTROL (PEST CONTROL)

Openings to the outside shall be effectively protected against the entrance of rodents. Outside
openings shall be protected against the entrance of insects by the installation of tight fitting, selfclosing doors, closed windows, self-closing serving windows at drive-throughs, screening, controlled
air currents, vestibules or other means approved by the regulatory health authority. Screen doors shall
be self-closing and screens for windows, doors, skylights, transoms, intake air ducts and other
openings to the outside shall be tight fitting and free of breaks. Openings around pipes, conduit or
wiring entering the building from the outside must be sealed.
Loading docks and delivery doors must be provided with effective air curtains or vestibules with selfclosing doors to preclude the entrance of insects. It is recommended that outside lighting around
loading areas and entrances be sodium vapor rather than mercury vapor to decrease insect attraction.
All foundations shall be rodent proof. Openings between the floor and bottom of outer doors shall be
adequately flashed with rodent proof material to eliminate any opening.
O. LIGHTING
The light intensity shall be at least 110 lux (10 foot candles) at a distance of 75 cm (30 inches) above
the floor, in walk-in refrigeration units and dry storage areas and in other areas and rooms during
periods of cleaning.
The light intensity shall be at least 220 lux (20 foot candles) at a surface where food is provided for
consumer self-service such as buffets and salad bars where fresh produce or packaged foods are sold or
offered for consumption; inside equipment such as reach-in and under-counter refrigerators; and at a
distance of 75 cm (30 inches) above the floor in areas used for hand washing, ware washing, and
equipment and utensil storage and in toilet rooms.
The light intensity shall be at least 540 lux (50 foot candles) at a surface where a food employee is
working with food or working with utensils or equipment such as knives, slicers, grinders, or saws
where employees safety is a factor.
Darker colored walls and floors may require additional lighting. Shielding such as plastic shields,
plastic sleeves with end caps, shatterproof bulbs and/or other approved devices shall be provided for
all artificial lighting fixtures located in areas where there is exposed food; clean equipment, utensils,
and linens; or unwrapped single-service and single-use articles.
Heat lamps, where permitted, shall be protected against breakage by a shield surrounding and
extending beyond the bulb, leaving only the face of the bulb exposed.
P. VENTILATION
i.

General

All rooms shall have sufficient ventilation to keep them free of excessive heat, steam, condensation,
vapors, obnoxious odors, smoke and fumes. Ventilation systems shall be designed and installed
accordingly.
All hoods should be tested prior to use, to ensure the hoods exhaust adequately.
Lighting within the hood may be required to comply with state or local code requirements.
Page 115 of 119

ii. Cooking
Cooking ventilation hoods and devices shall be designed and installed to prevent grease or
condensation from collecting on walls, ceilings, and fire suppression supply piping and from dripping
into food or onto food contact surfaces. See figure #15-1.
Figure #15-1 Illustration of a Canopy Hood

All hoods shall comply with the standards of an accredited certification program and be designed,
constructed and installed in conformance with the Local and International requirements, and other
applicable fire safety codes.
Make up air intakes must be screened (bird screen) and filtered to prevent the entrance of dust, dirt,
insects and other contaminating material. Where the introduction of make up air will cause
condensation, drafting or interfere with the exhaust or vapor capture efficiency of the hood, the make
up air must be tempered.
The installation of fire suppression system piping in the unfiltered air space in exhaust hoods should
be limited to vertical runs as much as physically possible to minimize grease collection. Exposed
piping must be cleanable.
iii. Exhaust hood
The purpose of an exhaust hood is to provide a method of collecting, as nearly as possible, all of the
grease produced from the cooking process, while furnishing a means of removing heat, smoke, and
odors from the cooking area.
For the hood to fulfill its purpose there must be a sufficient volume of air movement (capture velocity)
to draw grease particles and cooking vapors directly from the cooking surface to the grease extractors.
This air flow removes cooking odors and keeps grease particles from settling onto nearby surfaces.
In the case of heat and steam producing equipment, the purpose of the hood or ventilation system
(such as a pants-leg duct system) is to control humidity, heat, and unwanted condensation.
A major cause of unacceptable hood performance is a lack of coordination between the Heating,
Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system and the exhaust hood system. These systems should
Page 116 of 119

be coordinated prior to installation, and balanced when installation is completed, to ensure the proper
performance of both.
The amount of air exhausted through a hood exhaust system is dependent upon the size of the hood,
its particular installation, and its use.
iv. Duct Location and Size
Exhaust ducts should never be located at the sides of the hood. For hoods that are 6 feet or less in
length, only one outlet should be provided. Long hoods should be provided with multiple outlets no
closer than 6 feet apart and no further than 12 feet apart. For hoods equipped with multiple ducts, it is
advisable to install a manual air volume damper on each outlet so that the system can be easily
balanced.
v. Grease Filter Area and Number of Grease Filters Required
There are two general types of grease filters: wire mesh and extractor filters. The extractor filter
removes grease in the exhaust process by centrifugal motion or by impingement on a series of baffles.
Standard size filters should be used to avoid additional cost and to allow ease of replacement. Any
space in the filter bank not covered by filters/extractors shall be fitted with sheet metal blanks.
Filters are sized and made removable so that they may be passed through a ware washing machine or
cleaned under a steam jet. Standard size grease filters are:
12 inches x 16 inches
16 inches x 20 inches
16 inches x 25 inches
20 inches x 20 inches
20 inches x 25 inches
Q. UTILITY FACILITY
At least one utility sink or curbed cleaning facility with a
floor drain shall be provided for cleaning mops and for the
disposal of mop water or similar liquid wastes.
Mop sinks are acceptable; the water supply must be
properly protected against back-siphonage.
A properly sized mop and broom rack shall be provided.
All toxic materials including cleaning compounds,
pesticides, sanitizers, etc. must be stored in an area away
from food preparation and in a secured area. See figure
#16-1.

Figure #16-1

Page 117 of 119

R. DRESSING ROOMS AND LOCKERS

Rooms or areas separate from food preparation, storage or service areas and separate from utensil
washing or storage areas should be provided if employees will routinely change clothes within the
establishment.
Lockers or other suitable storage facilities shall be located in dressing areas.
If dressing rooms are not required, separate facilities should be provided for the storage of coats,
sweaters and other personal belongings.
S. GARBAGE AND REFUSE STORAGE
Garbage or refuse storage rooms shall be constructed of easily cleanable, nonabsorbent, washable
materials and shall be insect-proof and rodent-proof with tight-fitting lids or covers.
Garbage and refuse containers, dumpsters, and compactor systems located outside shall be stored on or
above a smooth surface of nonabsorbent material such as 4 inches sealed concrete.
i.

Structural requirements for internal refuse disposal rooms and areas:

- Floors shall be smooth, durable, grease resistant, nonabsorbent, coved, easily cleanable and
sloped to a floor drain discharging to the sanitary sewer.
- Walls and ceilings shall be durable, easily cleanable, impervious to grease and moisture,
and capable of withstanding the expected impacts.
- The room or enclosure shall be well ventilated.
- Hot and cold running water through a mixing valve protected with a backflow protection
device shall be provided and located so that the room or enclosure can be cleaned.

ii. Structural requirements for external refuse disposal facilities.

- A securable enclosure is recommended
- Ground surfaces and enclosure surfaces should be constructed so as to be durable and
cleanable.
- Where wash down facilities are provided, liquid waste shall be disposed of in an approved
manner.

Page 118 of 119

REFERENCES
Dubai Municipality Public Health Department Food Control Section,
Administrative Order No. 20, 1992 Food Hygiene Regulation
Michigan Department of Agriculture Food and Dairy Division,
Food Establishment Plan Review, Revised June 2003
Conference for Food Protection, Northeast Region Plan Review Dev. Committee
Food Establishment Plan Review Guideline, 2000
Philadelphia Department of Public Health, Office of Food Protection
Plan Review Guidelines for Food Establishments
International Food Safety Council, National Restaurant Association,
Educational Foundation, Serve Safe Essentials, v.9903
California Conference of Directors of Environmental Health,
California Plan Check Guide for Retail Food Facilities, August 1997 rev.

Page 119 of 119