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GSM BASED STREET LIGHT AUTOMATION

INTRODUCTION
The advances in the technologies related to wireless communication has led to the emergence
of several engineering designs to aid the human requirements. As we all know Agriculture
play a significant role in developing country like India and implementing mobile
communication for facilitating farmers is the basic idea of our project. Thus with the creeping
interests in the wireless and GSM based projects, we came up with this idea of developing a
simpler, multipurpose, cost-effective design to control the on-off street lights via short
message service (sms).
Motor Starter for irrigation in Agricultural Applications encompasses lighting, security,
telecommunications, access and safety, information and entertainment systems and thermal
comfort systems. Besides self monitoring and regulation the Motor Starter for irrigation in
Agricultural Applications system will also give auxiliary control to the user to enable him/her
to control any application from a remote place. Such a facility would require a tool that
extends access to Motor Starter for irrigation in Agricultural Applications base station
controller from his/her premises to anywhere the user might be. This is done through a
mobile device making this system truly global.
Commands are sent to street light for night lighting Applications system through user mobile
as data through SMS (Short Service Messages) providing a cost effective, reliable far
reaching access to the user. The coded SMS is sent to the light relay system to base station
controller that receives the messages, decodes the messages, initiates required automation
operations and responds to the successful initiations by a reply to the user.
WORKING PRINCIPLE
The device consists of GSM modem, microcontroller, relays, memory and display. If the user
wants to control light he has to send the SMS indicating the operation of the device and then
the system password, while the MODEM embedded with the system microcontroller receives
SMS. The microcontroller will read SMS and check for the password the user had sent with
the SMS.
If the password is correct then it will check whether the message is for switch ON or OFF the
light, According to the received message the controller will switch on / off the relays. The
device is password controlled, therefore only the people who know the device password is
capable to control the device.
Relay and buzzer is controlled by the microcontroller using single pins, i.e. giving high
means device will switch on and vice versa. Sometimes it may be interchange according to
the transistor used to drive the device.
GSM based street light monitoring & control system is an automated system designed to
increase the efficiency and accuracy of an industry by automatically timed controlled
switching of street lights. GSM based street light monitoring & control system consists of an
89C51 microcontroller [1] which on setting of time delays switches ON/OFF the street lights
and sends the update through a phone to the specified phone number.

This is smart way of managing street lighting systems. There are basically two modules
which include the client side and the server side. The client side consists of the GSM modem
which is further connected to the microcontroller.
GSM based street light monitoring & control system is an automated system designed to
increase the efficiency and accuracy of an industry by automatically timed controlled
Switching of street lights. This project describes a new economical solution of street light
control systems. The control system consists of a GSM Modem, and control circuitry and the
electrical devices. This also includes client server mechanism where user can directly interact
with web based application to control the Street light of any place from single position. When
we want to switch ON/OFF any particular street light, user will send an SMS to that street
controller to take necessary action. Street light controller will receive that SMS and will
decode it and finds the particular street light which needs to put ON/OFF using relay circuit.
Here the street controller 89S52 is connected to GSM modem through its UART port (Serial
Ports). 89S52 cannot talk to GSM modem directly due to mismatch in voltage levels. So
GSM modem is connected through voltage level convertor MAX 232. Only 2 lines RX & TX
are connected to the MAX 232.The MAX232 is connected to GSM modem via RS 232 cable
[1]. An oscillator circuit of 11.0592 MHz is connected to the 89S52. One of the ports of
89S52 is connected to relay driver circuit which will help 89S52 to switch power ON/OFF of
the street lights. 89S52 will continuously reading the serial port after every second for new
SMS. Ones the SMS came it will try to fetch that SMS from GSM modem using AT
commands. It will then decode the will decode it and finds the particular street light which
needs to put ON/OFF using relay circuit. The entire street light lamps are connected to relay
driver circuit.
When we want to switch ON/OFF any particular street light, server will send a GSM SMS to
that street controller to take necessary action. Further, with the rapid development of mobile
communication technology, mobile phone not only can be used to call or send short
messages, but also as a smart tool, through which one can browse the web pages, send and
receive e-mails, can view notifications and alerts via android applications and connectivity
facilities. This system provides its users a very flexible and portable facility of viewing the
notifications with the help of their android devices having basic connectivity feature.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

AT-Command set

The following section describes the AT-Command set. The commands can be tried out by connecting
a GSM modem to one of the PCs COM ports. Type in the test-command, adding CR + LF (Carriage
return + Line feed = \r\n) before executing. Table gives an overview of the implemented ATCommands in this application. The use of the commands is described in the later sections.

Command

Description

AT

Check if serial interface and GSM modem is


working.

ATE0

Turn echo off, less traffic on serial line.

AT+CNMI

Display of new incoming SMS.

AT+CPMS

Selection of SMS memory.

AT+CMGF

SMS string format, how they are compressed.

AT+CMGR

Read new message from a given memory

location.
AT+CMGS

Send message to a given recipient.

AT+CMGD

Delete message.

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO 8051 MICROCONTROLLER:


When we have to learn about a new computer we have to familiarize about the machine
capability we are using, and we can do it by studying the internal hardware design (devices
architecture), and also to know about the size, number and the size of the registers.
A microcontroller is a single chip that contains the processor (the CPU), non-volatile memory
for the program (ROM or flash), volatile memory for input and output (RAM), a clock and an I/O
control unit. Also called a "computer on a chip," billions of microcontroller units (MCUs) are
embedded each year in a myriad of products from toys to appliances to automobiles. For example, a
single vehicle can use 70 or more microcontrollers. The following picture describes a general block
diagram of microcontroller.
89s52: The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes
of in-system programmable Flash memory. The device is manufactured using Atmels high-density
nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 instruction set
and pinout. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a
conventional nonvolatile memory pro-grammer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with in-system
programmable Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89S52 is a powerful microcontroller, which
provides a highly flexible and cost-effective solution to many, embedded control applications. The
AT89S52 provides the following standard features: 8K bytes of Flash, 256 bytes of RAM, 32 I/O lines,
Watchdog timer, two data pointers, three 16-bit timer/counters, a six-vector two-level interrupt
architecture, a full duplex serial port, on-chip oscillator, and clock circuitry. In addition, the AT89S52
is designed with static logic for operation down to zero frequency and supports two software
selectable power saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing the RAM,
timer/counters, serial port, and interrupt system to continue functioning. The Power-down mode
saves the RAM con-tents but freezes the oscillator, disabling all other chip functions until the next
interrupt

The following are some of the capabilities of 8051 microcontroller.

Internal ROM and RAM


I/O ports with programmable pins
Timers and counters
Serial data communication

The 8051 architecture consists of these specific features:

16 bit PC &data pointer (DPTR)


8 bit program status word (PSW)
8 bit stack pointer (SP)
Internal ROM 4k
Internal RAM of 128 bytes.
4 register banks, each containing 8 registers
80 bits of general purpose data memory
32 input/output pins arranged as four 8 bit ports: P0-P3
Two 16 bit timer/counters: T0-T1
Two external and three internal interrupt sources Oscillator and
circuits.

clock

1. Transmitter: We are going to implement the Person counter module using 2 transmitters and 2
receivers. We are going to use InfraRed transmitters because infrared beams are not visible to
human eyes. Transmitter used is IR LEDs
2. Receiver: We are going to use an Infrared receiver. It is an active low device which means it gives
low output when it receives the Infrared rays.
3. Microcontroller: This is the CPU (central processing unit) of our project. We are going to use a
microcontroller of 8051 family. The various functions of microcontroller are like I. Reading the digital
input from two infrared receivers and calculate the number of persons from them. II. Sending this
data to LCD so that the person operating this project should read the number of persons inside the
room. III. Sensing the password using keypad and to check whether it is a correct password or a
wrong password and rotate the stepper motor if the password entered is a correct password. IV.
Sending the data to the GSM modem using serial port. This data consist of number of persons inside
the room and the status of entered password (Correct/wrong)
4. LCD: We are going to use 16x2 alphanumeric Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) which means it can
display alphabets along with numbers on 2 lines each containing 16 characters.
5. GSM Modem: We are going to use sim300 as a GSM modem. The values of number of persons
inside the room, LPG Gas leakage status and the status of entered password (Correct/wrong) will be
sent to GSM modem.
Application and Advantage:
1. Can be used in various rooms like seminar hall, conference room, and study rooms in college
where the capacity of room is limited and should not be exceeded. So the project will display the
actual number of persons inside the room.
2. The other part of the project (password detector) can be used to automate the door locking
process, so the user need not to carry the door lock keys along with him, he can just remember the
password and use it later to open the door.
3. Cost effective.
4. Fast and efficient
Future Development:
1. We can monitor and control more parameters and devices.
2. Voice announcement system can be added to indicate device conditions.

3. We can implement other related modules like fire sensor, wind sensor.
4. We can add the module of voice alarm system to indicate that the room is full and persons cannot
enter inside.

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