26

ARCA - APOLLO Root Cause

Analysis

Black Bow Ties

DORI Defining Operational

Readiness to Investigate

ECFA Events and Causal

Analysis (Charting) and
ECFA+ - Events and
Conditional Factors Analysis

Fishbone diagram

HERA Human Error

Repository and Analysis
System

HERA-JANUS Human Error

Reduction In ATM (Air Traffic
Management)

HFACS The Human Factors

Analysis and Classification
System

HFAT Human Factors

Analysis Tools

HFIT Human Factors

Investigation Tool

HSYS - Human System

Interactions

ICAM - Incident Cause

Analysis Method

MEDA the Maintenance

Error Decision Aid

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

7
7
7

7
7
7

7
7

Maintenance error; contains basic solutions

but relies on the user to identify definitive
improvements. There are examples, however
the user/interviewee needs to really come up
with the definitive improvements; use other
tools with MEDA e.g. timeline, police
interview methods

Can be used for proactive analysis in risk

assessment

Can be applied to any type of behaviour and

has been used as a proactive method in risk
assessment

Classification system only aviation based,

would need to adapt

Purely a method for graphically presenting

results; software systems available to help
draw

Described as a general problem solving

method

Comments

Includes checklists
or flow diagrams

Provides
solutions

Part of the MORT method but is often used

as a charting method in an
investigation/analysis to provide graphical
depiction of incident

Complete
method for
incident analysis

Generates
graphical content
(e.g. timeline)

Used in
petroleum
industry

Not an analysis method describes how to

conduct an investigation

Retrospective
analysis of
incident reports

Software

Paper

Paper-based or
software

Training
required

Table A2: Analysis methods features

27

TapRooT

Kelvin Top-Set

TRACEr Technique for

Retrospective and Predictive
Analysis of Cognitive Errors

Tripod Beta

WBA Why Because

Analysis

5 Whys

Why tree

23.

24.

25.

26.

27.

28.

SOURCE Seeking Out

the Underlying Root Causes
of Events

19.

22.

SOL Safety through

Organisational Learning

18.

Storybuilder

SCAT Systematic Cause

Analysis Technique

17.

Step

PRISMA Prevention and

Recovery Information System
for Monitoring and Analysis

16.

21.

PEAT the Procedural Event

Analysis Tool

15.

20.

MORT Management
Oversight and Risk Tree

14.

Table A2 continued.

7
7
7

7
7
7

Generates
graphical content
(e.g. timeline)

Used in
petroleum
industry

Retrospective
analysis of
incident reports

Software

Paper

Paper-based or
software

Training
required

Complete
method for
incident analysis

Provides
solutions

Includes checklists
or flow diagrams

A simple method for exploring issues

Does not provide ready-made solutions but

leads the analysis back to basic risk factors
that form the key elements of improvements

Forms part of the HFAT methodology

Solutions module available soon. Method

includes advanced interviewing techniques
for investigation

Training useful but not essential. Specifically

for occupational incidents. Designed for use
in all industries

Does not provide solutions but includes a

checklist to help develop solutions. Does not
generate graphical content, but recommends
the use of fault trees or causal analysis
charting

The software version, Sol-VE includes a

module for identifying corrective actions

Provides an indication of 'areas for corrective

action rather than ready-made solutions

Was designed for retrospective analysis and

to collect and structure data on incidents

Flight crew error can be adapted

Comments