ci ni talk and laugh > ci ci ni ni talking and laughing manner; n ung eat and drink> n n

ung ung be fond of snacking; nt n yell and shout > nt nt n n be always yelling and shouting; mu
mo say crying and grimacing > mu mu mo mo say weeping bitterly
C Ba th lc no cng ci ci ni ni lun ming. Ms Ba is always talking and laughing
incessantly.

This type of derivative deals with duplicatives rhyming the core with the same tones in the change of
vowels. Basically there are four types of tonal rhymic derivatives: suffixal, infixal, prefixal-infixal, and
prefixal. Most of these derivatives are pictorial or onomatopoeic:
suffixal duplicatives, ip vn ui an addition of components to the target phrase as suffixes: linh

tinh irrelevant linh tinh lang tang quite irrelevant tm by ugly wrong > tm by tm b very ugly
wrong; tri li completely bare > tri li tri l completely denuded; tm lum messy > tm lum t la
very messy; xa lc far xa lc xa l extremely far.
ng y g ci ch xa lc xa l. What a very far place he is living in.
infixal duplicatives, ip vn gia an addition of components that weave in the target phrase as an
infix: chp chng toddling > chp ch chp chng unsteadily toddling; k cp > to collect bit by bit >
k ca k cp to toil to collect; vt vng hopelss and aimless > vt va vt vng desperately hopeless and
aimless; c tng junky> c rch c tng lame and junky; nh nhnh sprightly > nh nha nh nhnh
cute and lively

Con gi ln ri m lc no cng nh nha nh nhnh. That girl is an adult but she still acts like a teenager
who looks so lively and cute!

prefixal-infixal duplicatives, ip vn u v gia an addition of components that precede and

weave in the target phrase as prefixes and infixes: lo lu mischievous b lo b lu detestably
mischievous; m mn to grope > t m tn mn to grope for a long time; qunh qung be disoriented >

lnh qunh lng qung be extremely disoriented; try trt clumsily > trm try trm trt very clumsily.
Tay vng v lm. Y lm g cng trm trt trm trt. That guy is not handy. Whatever he does, he
does it very clumsily.

prefixal duplicatives, ip vn u an addition of components to the target phrase as prefixes: bi

hi agitated > bi hi bi hi plagued with perplexity lch thch shabby > li thi lch thch untidy and
shabby; t m meticulous > tn mn t m to grope meticulously (be painstaking);
2. ip Vn Cm Tnh Emotional Tonal Rhymic Derivative
This is one the many ways to express ones feeling toward something or something being introduced.
The derivatives themselves reflect the speakers attitude, which normally is to oppose the idea being
introduced to the listener. Most of them mean the same not such and such said thing. Simply insert b and
change the initial letter of the terms being introduced with l- and x- to be suffixes of the derivatives:

Danh t Adjective:
anh brother
> anh b lanh xanh
ch sister
> ch b l x
lo worried
> lo b lo xo
ng gentleman > ng b lng xng
thy teacher
> thy b ly xy

not my brother at all

not my sister at all
not worried at all
not a gentleman at all
not a teacher at all

This format can be applied to other parts of speech as well:

Tnh t Adjective:
di credulous > di b li xi
> khn b ln xn
khn wise
lanh clever
> lanh b lanh xanh

not credulous at all

not wise at all
not clever at all

Ch b l x!