Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Joist
Catalog
42nd EDITION
SJI SPECIFICATIONS
A division of Canam Group
LRFD
ASD
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
SUBJECT
20
36
40
SJI K-Series
K-Series Specs: Sections 1 through 6
K-Series Definition of span
K-Series Standard LRFD Load Table
K-Series Standard ASD Load Table
60
65
87
117
132
Appendices
A. Joist Substitutes K-Series
B. Top Chord Extension / Extended Ends, K-Series
C. K-Series Economy Tables
D. Fire Resistance Ratings
E. OSHA Safety Standards
165
The following documents contained in this catalog have been approved by the
American National Standards Institute (ANSI):
Standard Specifications for Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series and Load Tables (SJI-K-1.1).
Standard Specifications for Longspan Steel Joists, LH-Series and Deep Longspan Steel Joists,
DLH-Series and Load Tables (SJI-LH/DLH-1.1).
Standard Specifications for Joist Girders (SJI-JG-1.1).
P-3615CANAM
& P-3606
PLANTS
COMPOSITE
1
CANAM PLANTS
6
8
7
9
Vancouver
Issaquah
Calgary
7
Qubec
Sunnyside
10
Saint-Gdon Moncton
10
Boucherville
Laval
Brockville
Chittenango
Boston
Mississauga
Chicago
Wynnewood
Toledo
1n
Baltimore
Point of Rocks
Indianapolis Columbus
Lenexa
Bealeton
Washington
PLANTS
Atlanta
UNITED STATES
Jacksonville
1
2
3
4
CANADA
Plant
Canam Sales Office
5
6
7
8
9
10
Saint-Gdon (Quebec)
Boucherville (Quebec)
Calgary (Alberta)
Laval (Qubec)
Mississauga (Ontario)
Qubec (Quebec)
OUR VALUES
Total client satisfaction: Exceptional service
Excellent relations with our personnel
First quality products: non negotiable
Low-cost producer
Safe, clean and orderly working environment
Good corporate citizen
PLANT CERTIFICATIONS
SJI
Yes
Jacksonville, FL
Yes
Point of Rocks, MD
Washington, MO
Boucherville, QC
Saint-Gdon, QC
Mississauga, ON
Calgary, AB
Yes
Yes
SSBS, P
SSBS
Yes
Yes
Yes
setatS detinU
Plants
Sunnyside, WA
AISC
CWB
ISO
adanaC
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
UL
ULC
Hambro
Yes
9002
9001:2000
ICC
Steel Deck
& Plant
FM
SJI:
Steel Deck
& Hambro
Steel Deck
Steel Deck
Steel Deck
Hambro
Steel Deck
UL:
Steel Deck
Hambro
Steel Deck
Steel Deck
Steel Deck
Hambro
Steel Deck
Steel Deck
ICC *:
FM:
SSBS:
BS:
P:
F:
PAINT
Canams standard shop paint is GRAY primer.
Other primer colors may be available at some locations.
The typical shop applied primer that is used to coat steel
joists and joist girders is a dip-applied, air dried paint. The
primer is intended to be an impermanent and provisional
coating which will protect the steel for only a short period
of exposure in ordinary atmospheric conditions.
Since most steel joists and joist girders are primed using a
standard dip coating, the coating may not be uniform and
may include drips, runs, and sags. Compatibility of any coating, including fire protective coatings, applied over standard
shop primer shall be the responsibility of the
specifier and/or painting contractor.
The primer coating may require field touch-up/repair.
The joist manufacturer shall not be responsible for the
condition of the primer if it is not properly protected
after delivery.
Distances are Joist Span lengths See Definition of Span preceding Load Table.
*Section
Number
1
Row
2
Rows
#1
#2
#3
#4
#5
#6
#7
#8
#9
#10
#11
#12
Up thru 16
Up thru 17
Up thru 18
Up thru 19
Up thru 19
Up thru 19
Up thru 20
Up thru 20
Up thru 20
Up thru 20
Up thru 20
Up thru 20
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
16
17
18
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
thru
3
Rows
24
25
28
28
29
29
33
33
33
37
38
39
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
4
Rows
24 thru
25 thru
28 thru
28 thru
29 thru
29 thru
33 thru
33 thru
33 thru
37 thru
38 thru
39 thru
28
32
38
38
39
39
45
45
46
51
53
53
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
38
38
39
39
45
45
46
51
53
53
5
Rows
thru 40
thru 48
thru 50
thru 51
thru 58
thru 58
thru 59
thru 60
thru 60
thru 60
Over
Over
Over
Over
Over
50
51
58
58
59
thru 52
thru 56
thru 60
thru 60
thru 60
1-3/8 CF
1-1/4 HR
r = .25
1-5/8 CF
1-1/2 HR
r = .30
1-7/8 CF
1-3/4 HR
r = .35
2-1/8 CF
2 HR
r = .40
2-1/2 HR
r = .50
1 thru 9
5-0
6-3
7-6
8-7
10-0
12-6
10
4-8
6-3
7-6
8-7
10-0
12-6
11 and 12
4-0
5-8
7-6
8-7
10-0
12-6
** Refer to last digit(s) of Joist Designation ** Connection to Joist must resist a nominal unfactored 700-pound force.
Certain joists require bolted diagonal bridging for erection stability for spans less than 60 feet.
The chart below lists those designations and the minimum spans at which bolted diagonal bridging
is required. All joists over 60 feet require erection stability bridging.
12K1
14K1
16K2
16K3
16K4
16K5
18K3
18K4
18K5
18K6
20K3
20K4
20K5
20K6
20K7
20K9
23
27
29
30
32
32
31
32
33
35
32
34
34
36
39
39
22K4
22K5
22K6
22K7
22K9
24K4
24K5
24K6
24K7
24K8
24K9
26K5
26K6
26K7
26K8
26K9
34
35
36
40
40
36
38
39
43
43
44
38
39
43
44
44
26K10
28K6
28K7
28K8
28K9
28K10
28K12
30K7
30K8
30K9
30K10
30K11
30K12
18LH02
20LH02
20LH03
49
40
43
44
45
49
53
44
45
45
50
52
54
33
33
38
24LH03
24LH04
24LH05
24LH06
28LH05
28LH06
28LH07
28LH08
32LH06
32LH07
32LH08
36LH07
36LH08
36LH09
40HL08
40LH09
44LH09
35
39
40
45
42
46
54
54
47
47
55
47
47
57
47
47
52
On Canams framing plans, the erection stability bridging lines are identified with the following symbol
and notation:
ES
All ERECTION STABILITY bridging lines shall be installed prior to the slackening of hoisting lines.
JOIST
DESIGNATION
BRIDGING TABLE
SECT. NO.
10KCS1
10KCS2
10KCS3
12KCS1
12KCS2
12KCS3
14KCS1
14KCS2
14KCS3
16KCS2
16KCS3
16KCS4
16KCS5
18KCS2
18KCS3
18KCS4
18KCS5
20KCS2
20KCS3
20KCS4
20KCS5
22KCS2
22KCS3
22KCS4
22KCS5
24KCS2
24KCS3
24KCS4
24KCS5
26KCS2
26KCS3
26KCS4
26KCS5
28KCS2
28KCS3
28KCS4
28KCS5
30KCS3
30KCS4
30KCS5
1
1
1
3
5
5
4
6
6
6
9
9
9
6
9
10
10
6
9
10
10
6
9
11
11
6
9
12
12
6
9
12
12
6
9
12
12
9
12
12
MAX. SPACING
OF LINES OF
BRIDGING
NOMINAL
HORIZONTAL
BRACING
FORCE **
11-0
12-0
13-0
14-0
16-0
16-0
21-0
21-0
26-0
400
500
650
800
1000
1200
1600
1800
2000
lbs
02,03,04
05,06
07,08
09,10
11,12
13,14
15,16
17
18,19
BRIDGING ANGLE SIZE - (Equal Leg Angles) HR = Hot Rolled CF = Cold Formed
JOIST
DEPTH
1-1/8 CF
1 HR
r = .20
1-3/8 CF
1-1/4 HR
r = .25
1-5/8 CF
1-1/2 HR
r = .30
1-7/8 CF
1-3/4 HR
r = .35
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-6
6-5
6-4
6-4
6-3
6-2
6-2
6-1
5-11
5-9
5-6
5-4
5-0
4-9
4-4
4-0
8-3
8-3
8-2
8-2
8-2
8-1
8-1
8-0
8-0
7-11
7-10
7-9
7-7
7-5
7-3
7-1
6-10
6-8
6-4
6-1
5-9
5-5
5-0
4-6
9-11
9-11
9-10
9-10
9-10
9-10
9-9
9-9
9-8
9-8
9-7
9-6
9-5
9-3
9-2
9-0
8-10
8-7
8-5
8-2
8-0
7-8
7-5
7-1
6-9
6-0
5-3
4-4
11-7
11-7
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-6
11-5
11-5
11-5
11-4
11-4
11-3
11-2
11-0
10-11
10-9
10-8
10-6
10-4
10-2
10-0
9-9
9-6
9-4
9-0
8-5
7-11
7-5
6-9
6-0
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
26
28
30
32
36
40
44
48
52
56
60
64
68
72
76
80
84
88
96
102
108
114
120
SECTION
NUMBER*
2-1/8 CF
2 HR
r = .40
13-3
13-2
13-2
13-2
13-1
13-1
13-1
13-0
12-11
12-10
12-9
12-8
12-7
12-5
12-4
12-2
12-0
11-10
11-8
11-6
11-4
11-1
10-8
10-3
9-10
9-4
8-9
2-1/2 HR
r = .50
16-0
15-10
15-9
15-8
15-6
15-5
15-3
15-1
14-11
14-7
14-4
14-0
13-8
13-4
SERIES
K
LH/DLH
LH/DLH
ALL
2 - 12
13 - 17
DLH
18 & 19
MINIMUM
BOLT SIZE
3/8 A307
3/8 A307
1/2A307
or 3/8 A325
5/8 A307
or 1/2A325
LH SERIES JOISTS
MAXIMUM JOIST SPACING FOR HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
SPANS OVER 60 REQUIRE BOLTED DIAGONAL BRIDGING
**BRIDGING ANGLE SIZE - (Equal Leg Angle) HR = Hot Rolled CF = Cold Formed
1-1/8 CF
1-3/8 CF
1-5/8 CF
1-7/8 CF
2-1/8 CF
1 HR
1-1/4 HR
1-1/2 HR
1-3/4 HR
2 HR
2-1/2 HR
r = .20
r = .25
r = .30
r = .35
r = .40
r = .50
02, 03, 04
4-7
6-3
7-6
8-9
10-0
12-4
05 - 06
4-1
5-9
7-6
8-9
10-0
12-4
07 - 08
3-9
5-1
6-8
8-6
10-0
12-4
09 - 10
4-6
6-0
7-8
10-0
12-4
11 - 12
4-1
5-5
6-10
8-11
12-4
13 - 14
3-9
4-11
6-3
8-2
12-4
15 - 16
4-3
5-5
7-1
11-0
17
4-0
5-1
6-8
10-5
1-1/2
7-1/2
3/4 BOLTS
5 GAGE
5 GAGE
7-1/2
7-1/2
1/2
STABILIZER PLATE
GIRDER CONNECTION
3/4 BOLTS
STABILIZER PLATE
STABILIZER PLATE
GIRDER CONNECTION
GIRDER CONNECTION
3/4 BOLTS
4 GA, @ LH & DLH *
2-1/2
3/4 BOLTS
HALF
STD GA
5 GAGE
3/4 BOLTS
4 GA, @ LH & DLH *
1/2 BOLTS
3-1/2 GA, @ K
1/2 BOLTS
3-1/2 GA, @ K
2-1/2 @ K
5 @ LH & DLH *
7-1/2
2-1/2 @ K
5 @ LH & DLH *
4 @ K
6 @ LH & DLH *
STABILIZER PLATE
STABILIZER PLATE
GIRDER CONNECTION
JOIST CONNECTION
3/4 BOLTS
4 GA, @ LH & DLH *
1/2 BOLTS
3-1/2 GA, @ K
2-1/2
2-1/2 @ K
5 @ LH & DLH *
2-1/2 @ K
5 @ LH & DLH *
3
3/4 BOLTS
4 GA, @ LH & DLH *
1/2 BOLTS
3-1/2 GA, @ K
2-1/2 @ K
5 @ LH & DLH *
1/2
4 @ K
6 @ LH &
3/4 BOLTS
4 GA, @ LH & DLH *
1/2 BOLTS
3-1/2 GA, @ K
1-1/2
JOIST CONNECTION
1
STABILIZER PLATE
STABILIZER PLATE
DLH *
1
STABILIZER PLATE
JOIST CONNECTION
BOLTS NOT BY CANAM
JOIST CONNECTION
10
JOIST CONNECTION
BOLTS NOT BY CANAM
Reactions (kips)
ASD
LRFD
1.5
2.6
3.1
3.7
2.3
4.0
4.7
5.5
END ANCHORAGE
FOR UPLIFT
1 1/2 MAX
11
BRIDGING CONTINUITY
Horizontal bridging shall not be discontinuous. Proper
anchorage is required to the structural frame, a wall, or
a diagonally braced joist space, at each end of each
horizontal bridging row. Where horizontal bridging in one
joist space must be cut in the field, add X-bridging on
each side of the cut bridging opening, as shown:
1/4
1/4
1/8
1/8
1
1
2 LH SERIES
2 TYP. MIN.
K SERIES
TYP. MIN.
MIN
1/8 2
UPLIFT BRIDGING
Where uplift is a design consideration, the NET uplift
value shall be provided on the contract drawings.
Additional lines of bridging will be required at the first
bottom chord panel points as shown.
UPLIFT BRIDGING:
1 ROW OF HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
@ FIRST BOTTOM CHORD PANEL POINT
ON EACH END OF JOIST AS SHOWN.
TYPICAL ALL JOISTS, ALL BAYS, IN ADDITION TO
STANDARD BRIDGING SHOWN ON PLAN.
BRIDGING PLACEMENT
Top and bottom chord bridging lines need not be aligned vertically. Many factors influence the placement of bridging
lines, including; clearance for sprinkler lines and heads, bridging and bridging clip interference with panel points, and
lateral support of the bottom chord for wind uplift design. Certain Canam projects and drawings will include special
diagrams for the placement of the bridging lines like the example shown here.
4 EQUAL SPA @ TC
12
4 EQUAL SPA @ BC
FIELD INSTALLED
MEMBER BRACE, EACH SIDE
NOT BY JOIST MANUFACTURER.
AS SPECIFIED
EACH END (TYP.)
CL OF PANEL POINT
CL OF POINT LOAD
MAY VARY BY
MANUFACTURER
CEILING EXTENSION
BAY LENGTH
ADDITIONAL ROW OF XBRIDGING,
BRIDGING NEAR SUPPORT
13
HORIZONTAL
BRIDGING
BRIDGING ANCHORS
BY OTHERS, U.O.N.
WELD
FIELD WELDED
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
SEE SJI SPECIFICATIONS
NOTE: DO NOT WELD BRIDGING TO JOIST WEB MEMBERS.
DO NOT HANG ANY MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, ETC. FROM BRIDGING.
EXPANSION BOLTS
BY OTHERS
BRIDGING ANCHORS
BY OTHERS, U.O.N.
BOLT (TYP.)
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
CUT TO FIT IN FIELD LAP TO BE 2" MIN.
USE ALL DROPS.
2"
1/8
1/8
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 5.4
1/8
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 5.4
1/8
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 5.4
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 5.4
2"
14
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
SEE SJI SPECIFICATIONS
NOTE: DO NOT WELD BRIDGING TO WEB MEMBERS.
DO NOT HANG ANY MECHANICAL, ELECTRICAL, ETC.
FROM BRIDGING.
EXPANSION BOLTS
BY OTHERS
BRIDGING ANCHORS
BY OTHERS, U.O.N.
BOLT (TYP.)
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
CUT TO FIT IN FIELD LAP TO BE 2" MIN.
USE ALL DROPS.
2"
1/8
1/8
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 104.5
1/8
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 104.5
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 104.5
2"
1/8
FIELD WELD
SEE SPEC 104.5
15
HIGH END
LOW END
NO
TCX
NO END OF SEAT
TCX
END OF SEAT
12"
SLOPE
SLOPE
RATE
12"
SLOPE
2 1/2"
MIN.
4"
STD.
WITH
TCX
E.O.B.
2 1/2"
END OF SEAT
12"
SLOPE
WITH
TCX
SLOPE
3"
4"
STD.
E.O.B.: EDGE OF BEARING
SEE
CHART d
3/8: 12
1/2: 12
1: 12
4"
STD.
C 1 1/2: 12
2: 12
END OF
SEAT
2 1/2: 12
12"
3: 12
2 1/2" 3 1/2: 12
SEE
4: 12
CHART d
4 1/2: 12
5: 12
6: 12 &
4"
STD.
OVER
D
HIGH END
SEAT
DEPTH
d
(MIN.)
3"
3"
3 1/2"
3 1/2"
4"
4"
4"
4 1/2"
4 1/2"
4 1/2"
5"
SEE
BELOW
NOTES:
(1) Depths shown are the minimums required for manufacturing of sloped bearing seats. Depths may vary depending on actual bearing conditions.
(2) d = 1/2 + 2.5 / cos + 4 tan
(3) Clearance must be checked at outer edge of support as shown in Detail B. Increase bearing depth as required to permit passage of 2 1/2" deep extension.
(4) If extension depth greater than 2 1/2" is required (see Details B and D) increase bearing depths accordingly.
(5) If slope is 1/4: 12 or less, sloped seats are not required.
16
HIGH END
LOW END
NO
TCX
NO
TCX
END OF SEAT
12"
SLOPE
END OF SEAT
SLOPE
RATE
12"
SLOPE
5" MIN.
WITH
TCX
E.O.B.
5"
SEE
CHART d
3/8: 12
1/2: 12
1: 12
6"
6"
A
C 1 1/2: 12
STD.
STD.
END OF
END OF SEAT WITH
2: 12
TCX
SEAT
12"
2 1/2: 12
12"
SLOPE
3: 12
SLOPE
5"
3 1/2: 12
SEE
4: 12
CHART d
5 1/2"
4 1/2: 12
5: 12
6"
6: 12 &
6"
STD.
STD.
OVER
HIGH END
SEAT
DEPTH
d
(MIN.)
5 1/2"
6"
6"
6 1/2"
6 1/2"
7"
7"
7 1/2"
8"
8"
8 1/2"
SEE
BELOW
Notes:
(1) Depths shown are the minimums required for manufacturing of sloped bearing seats.
(2) d = 1/2 + 5 / cos + 6 tan
(3) Clearance must checked at outer edge of support as shown in Detail B. Increase bearing depth as required to permit passage
of 5" deep extension.
(4) If extension depth greater than 5" is required (see Details B and D) increase bearing depths accordingly.
(5) Add 2 1/2" to seat depth at 18 and 19 chord section numbers. Consult manufacturer for information when TCXs are present.
17
ROUND
SQUARE
RECTANGLE
8 INCHES
5 INCHES
4x4 INCHES
3x6 INCHES
10 INCHES
5 INCHES
4x4 INCHES
3x7 INCHES
12 INCHES
7 INCHES
5x5 INCHES
3x8 INCHES
14 INCHES
8 INCHES
6x6 INCHES
5x9 INCHES
16 INCHES
8 INCHES
6x6 INCHES
5x9 INCHES
18 INCHES
9 INCHES
7x7 INCHES
5x9 INCHES
20 INCHES
10 INCHES
8x8 INCHES
6x11 INCHES
22 INCHES
10 INCHES
9x9 INCHES
7x11 INCHES
24 INCHES
12 INCHES
10x10 INCHES
7x13 INCHES
26 INCHES
15 INCHES*
12x12 INCHES*
9x18 INCHES*
28 INCHES
16 INCHES*
13x13 INCHES*
9x18 INCHES*
30 INCHES
17 INCHES*
14x14 INCHES*
10x18 INCHES*
SPECIFYING PROFESSIONAL MUST INDICATE ON STRUCTURAL DRAWINGS SIZE AND LOCATION OF ANY DUCT THAT IS
TO PASS THRU JOIST. THIS DOES NOT INCLUDE ANY FIREPROOFING ATTACHED TO JOIST. FOR DEEPER LH- AND DLHSERIES JOISTS, CONSULT MANUFACTURER.
* FOR ROD WEB CONFIGURATION THESE WILL BE REDUCED, CONSULT MANUFACTURER.
18
DUCT
4 min.
4 min.
19
SPECIAL LOADS
PT.
LD.
PT.
LD.
LIVE LOAD=
DEAD LOAD=
20
PT.
LD.
WL
LL
LL
WL
DETAIL A
DETAIL B
M=Pxe
DETAIL C
MOMENT PL TYP.
(NOT BY CANAM)
DETAIL D
DETAIL E
21
22
COMPRESSION RINGS
Canam has provided the joists and design assistance for a number of
unique projects utilizing a compression ring approach. A compression ring
can help to create a dome-type roof profile while providing a clear, column
free-space underneath. Please consult Canam early in the design process
for these types of projects.
Project AMI,
Northfolk, VA
23
GABLE JOIST
SCISSOR JOIST
24
R=
BOWSTRING JOIST
BARREL JOIST
R=
R=
Stegeman Coliseum,
Athens, GA
25
JOISTS AT COLUMNS
Joists at column lines, which are not framed in at least
two directions by solid web structural steel members,
shall have a field-bolted connection at the joist bearing
seat. In addition, joists at column lines must also have
bottom chord extensions (BCXs). The BCX must extend
to a vertical stabilizer plate. The stabilizer plate is to be a
minimum size of 6 inches by 6 inches, with 3 inches
extended below the bottom chord with a 13/16 inch hole
to provide for a cable attachment.
Where a steel joist does not lie directly along the column
line, the joist nearest the column, on each side of the
column, shall have field-bolted bearing seats. However,
the bottom chord extensions may be omitted where it is
not practical to provide them near the column.
ERECTION STABILITY
BRIDGING
The forty foot rule no longer applies for the requirement of a bolted diagonal bridging line. The spans in the
shaded portions of the Load Tables require a row of
bolted diagonal bridging. Note that there are many
designations and spans of less than forty feet that are
shaded and require a row of bolted diagonal bridging.
But there are also many designations and spans greater
than forty feet which are not shaded and do not require a
bolted diagonal bridging row.
26
This is a general summary of the OSHA requirements, but is not intended to constitute legal
advice. Canam does not assume responsibility for
compliance with OSHA requirements.
ERECTORS NOTES:
- IN BAYS 60-0 OR LESS, THE FOLLOWING APPLIES TO
ANY COLUMN JOISTS OR JOISTS NEAR A COLUMN:
THESE JOISTS HAVE NOT BEEN DESIGNED TO
SUPPORT AN EMPLOYEE WITHOUT BRIDGING
INSTALLED.
THESE JOISTS ARE NOT OSHA JOISTS
DESIGNED FOR STABILITY PER SUBPART R
1926.757 (a) (3).
SPECIAL ERECTION METHODS MUST BE
INCORPORATED
EMPLOYERS WILL BE CONSIDERED TO BE IN
COMPLIANCE WITH 1926.757 (a) (3) IF THEY
ERECT THESE JOISTS EITHER BY: (1)
INSTALLING BRIDGING OR OTHERWISE
STABILIZING THE JOIST PRIOR TO
RELEASING THE HOISTING CABLE, OR (2)
RELEASING THE CABLE WITHOUT HAVING
A WORKER ON THE JOISTS.
DO NOT ALLOW EMPLOYEES ON THESE
JOISTS UNTIL ADEQUATELY STABILIZED.
CONSULT THE OSHA SAFETY STANDARDS FOR
SPECIFICS.
- IN BAYS GREATER THAN 60-0, JOISTS AT OR NEAR
COLUMNS SHALL BE ERECTED IN TANDEM (PAIR) WITH
AN ADJACENT JOIST. ALL BRIDGING MUST BE
INSTALLED BEFORE LIFTING AND THE PAIR OF JOISTS
MUST BE SECURED TO THEIR SUPPORT BEFORE
RELEASING THE HOISTING LINE. THIS REQUIREMENT
MAY BE WAIVED UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS.
CONSULT THE OSHA SAFETY STANDARDS FOR
SPECIFICS.
27
28
ALTERNATE 3:
Combining the changes of alternates 1 and 2, we
evaluate a 5 slab on 20K10 joists spaced at 2-0
on center.
Using the data of those 4 conditions, with the proposed
equations of Steel Design Guide #11 and considering
an open floor even if the structure is designed for a
possible partition load, we obtain the vibration properties
shown in the comparison table below:
INITIAL
DESIGN
ALTERNATE 1
ALTERNATE 2
ALTERNATE 3
INCREASED
THICKNESS
OF SLAB
DOUBLE JOIST
OF SAME SIZE
DOUBLE JOIST
OF SAME SIZE
AND INCREASED
THICKNESS OF SLAB
(% g)
1.11%
0.87%
0.81%
0.65%
(% g)
0.74%
0.58%
0.54%
0.44%
(% g)
0.44%
0.35%
0.32%
0.26%
(Hz)
4.7
4.6
5.1
5.2
Joist length
(ft.)
30-0
30-0
30-0
30-0
Joist depth
(in.)
20
20
20
20
System frequency f
Joist spacing
(ft.)
4-0
4-0
2-0
2-0
(in.4)
238
238
238
238
Deck depth
(in.)
1.5
1.5
1.5
1.5
Slab-deck thickness
(in.)
(psf)
38
50
38
50
(psf)
20
20
20
20
W18 x 60
W18 x 65
W18 x 60
W18 x 65
24-0
24-0
24-0
24-0
Beam size
Beam span
(ft.)
This comparison shows that the vibration characteristics improve by adding dead weight or by doubling the joists.
One must note that the alternates 1 and 2 did not sufficiently improve the vibration properties of the floor to lower
their amplitude to below the annoyance threshold for offices. Additional calculations shown as alternate 3 indicate that using
a 5 deck-slab with a 100% increase in the joist sections would lower the peak acceleration to below the annoyance
threshold of 0.5% of g.
The building designer controls the main parameters affecting floor vibration characteristics and he or she must make
the vibration calculations to find an economical solution. The information supplied in this catalog will allow the structural
engineer to evaluate the vibration properties of the floor joists during the initial design.
The project structural engineer should always specify the proper slab thickness and the minimum moment of inertia
of the steel joists to have a floor with vibration characteristics below the annoyance threshold based on the type
of occupancy. The joist designer will then verify conformance to the minimum moment of inertia required by the building
designer for the joists.
29
JOIST SUBSTITUTES
2.5K1
2.5K2
S (in.3)
Mr (k-ft.)
I (in.4)
Span (ft.)
0.600
1.50
0.800
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Span (ft.)
550
550 / 338
374 / 189
270 / 116
204 / 76
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
825 / 550
825 / 338
561 / 189
405 / 116
306 / 76
0.834
2.09
1.103
2.5K3
1.200
3.00
1.502
550
550
550 / 354
540 / 218
408 / 143
319 / 99
256 / 71
825 / 550
825 / 550
825 / 354
810 / 218
612 / 143
478 / 99
384 / 71
SPAN
DESIGN SPAN
2
2 1/2 U.N.O.
4 MIN ON MASONRY
Joist substitutes can be used in many conditions. They can be used in combination with LH-Series joists. In these cases, a
deeper joist substitute will be supplied or seats will be installed on a regular 2 1/2 deep section as shown below.
5
30
Back span
Cantilever
0.600
1.50
0.800
2
2-6
3
3-6
4
4-6
5
Cantilever (ft.)
550
480
333
245
188
2
2-6
3
3-6
4
4-6
5
825
720
499
367
282
0.834
2.09
1.103
1.200
3.00
1.502
550
550
550
490
375
296
240
825
825
825
735
562
444
360
HEADERS
Headers are to be used when an opening larger than the joist spacing is required. It is important for the specifier to
provide the magnitude of the load acting on the header as well as the loads created by the header on its
supporting members.
Loads X, Y, Z
must be provided
by the specifier.
Z KIPS
A
X KIPS
Y KIPS
X KIPS
B
HEADER
SECTION A-A
JOIST
SECTION B-B
31
SLOPED JOISTS
For sloped joists, the load and span shall be defined as
outlined below. This allows the use of the load tables for
joists with slopes larger than 1/2 inch per foot.
Span:
The span of a parallel chord sloped joist shall be defined
by the length along the slope. Minimum depth, loadcarrying capacity, and bridging requirements shall be
determined by the sloped definition of span. The
Standard Load Table capacity shall be the component
normal to the joist.
Load:
Where the design live load is applied vertically over
the plan length and the design dead load is applied
vertically over the sloped length, select a joist with
Load-Table capacity = LL*cos2 + DL*cos
Canam will automatically design for the component of
the load parallel to the joist which acts as a top chord
axial load.
LL
LL * cos 2
SPA
DL
DL * cos
LOAD-TABLE
CAPACITY
STANDING SEAM
ROOF SYSTEM
32
Indianapolis Airport,
Indianapolis, IN
GIRDER
JOISTS
1.5 x L
GIRDER
33
34
DOUBLE-PITCHED
CAP
TRIPLE-PITCHED
JOIST
PIGGY-BACK TRUSS
35
36
1965
Development of a single specification for both the J- and HSeries Joists by the Steel Joist Institute and the American
Institute of Steel Construction.
1966
Development and introduction by the SJI and AISC of the
LJ-Series Joists, which replaced the LA-Series Joists. Also,
the development of a single specification for both the LJand the LH-Series Joists, with the use of 36,000 psi minimum yield strength steel for the LJ-Series, and 36,000 psi to
50,000 psi minimum yield strength steel for the LH-Series.
1970
Introduction of the DLJ- and DLH-Series Joists to include
depths through 72 inches and spans through 144 feet.
1971
Elimination of chord section number 2 and the addition of
joist designations 8J3 and 8H3 to the load tables.
1972
(a) Adoption by the SJI and AISC of a single specification for
the LJ-, LH-, DLJ-, and DLH-Series Joists.
(b) Adoption by the SJI and AISC of the expanded specifications and load tables for Open Web Steel Joists with
increased depths through 30 inches, and spans through
60 feet, plus adding chord section numbers 9,10, and 11.
1978
(a) Elimination of the J-, LJ-, and DLJ-Series Joists because
of the widespread acceptance of high strength steel
joists.
(b) Introduction of Joist Girders, complete with specifications and weight tables, in response to the growing need
for longer span primary structural members with highly
efficient use of steel.
1986
Introduction of the K-Series Joists, which replaced the HSeries Joists. The reasons for developing the K-Series Joists
were: (1) to achieve greater economies by utilizing the Load
Span design concept; (2) to meet the demand for roofs with
lighter loads at depths from 18 inches to 30 inches; (3) to offer
joists whose load carrying capacities at frequently used spans
are those most commonly required; (4) to eliminate the very
heavy joists in medium depths for which there was little, if any,
demand.
1994
(a) Introduction of the KCS Joists as a part of the K-Series
Specification in response to the need for a joist with a
constant moment and constant shear. The KCS Joist is
an economical alternative joist that may be specified for
special loading situations.
POLICY
The manufacturers of any standard SJI products shall be
required to submit design data for verification of compliance
with Steel Joist Institute Specifications, undergo physical
design verification tests (on K-Series only), and undergo an
initial plant inspection and subsequent biennial in-plant
inspections for all products for which they wish to be certified.
MEMBERSHIP
Open to manufacturers who produce, on a continuing basis,
joists of the K-, LH-, and DLH-Series, and/or Joist Girders,
conforming to the Institutes Specifications and Load Tables.
Membership requirements differ as described below.
APPLICANTS BASED ON K-SERIES JOISTS
The Institutes Consulting Engineer checks to see that
designs conform to the Institutes Specifications and Load
Tables. This comprises an examination of: (1) Complete
engineering design details and calculations of all K-Series
Joists, bridging and accessories for which standards have
been adopted; (2) Data obtained from physical tests of a limited number of joists, conducted by an independent laboratory, to verify conclusions from analysis of the applicants
engineering design details and calculations.
An initial plant inspection and subsequent biennial inspections are required to ensure that the applicant/member possesses the facilities, equipment and personnel required to
properly fabricate the K-Series Joists.
APPLICANTS BASED ON LH- OR DLH-SERIES JOISTS
OR JOIST GIRDERS
Designs are checked by the Consulting Engineer. Biennial
in-plant inspections (but no physical tests) are required.
RESPONSIBILITY FOR PRODUCT QUALITY
The plant inspections are not a guarantee of the quality of
any specific joists or Joist Girders; this responsibility lies fully
and solely with the individual manufacturer.
SERVICES TO NONMEMBERS
The Institutes facilities for checking the design of K-, LH-,
and DLH-Series Joists or Joist Girders are available on a
cost basis.
The Steel Joist Institute does not check joist designs for specific
construction projects. Fabrication to Institute Specifications is
the responsibility of the individual manufacturer.
SJI Member companies complying with the above conditions shall be licensed to publish the appropriate copyrighted SJI Specifications, Load Tables and Weight Tables.
37
The LH- and DLH-Series have been designed for the purpose
of extending the use of joists to spans and loads in excess of
those covered by Open Web Steel Joists, K-Series.
38
39
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Adopted by the Steel Joist Institute November 4, 1985
Revised to November 10, 2003 - Effective March 01, 2005
SECTION 1.
SECTION 3.
SCOPE
MATERIALS
3.1 STEEL
The steel used in the manufacture of chord and web sections
shall conform to one of the following ASTM Specifications:
Carbon Structural Steel, ASTM A36/A36M.
SECTION 2.
DEFINITION
The term Open Web Steel Joists K-Series, as used herein,
refers to open web, parallel chord, load-carrying members
suitable for the direct support of floors and roof decks in buildings, utilizing hot-rolled or cold-formed steel, including coldformed steel whose yield strength* has been attained by cold
working. K-Series Joists shall be designed in accordance with
this specification to support the uniformly distributed loads
given in the Standard Load Tables for Open Web Steel Joists,
K-Series, attached hereto.
The KCS Joist is a K-Series Joist which is provided to
address the problem faced by specifying professionals when
trying to select joists to support uniform plus concentrated
loads or other non-uniform loads.
The design of chord sections for K-Series Joists shall be
based on a yield strength of 50 ksi (345 MPa). The design of
web sections for K-Series Joists shall be based on a yield
strength of either 36 ksi (250 MPa) or 50 ksi (345 MPa). Steel
used for K-Series Joists chord or web sections shall have a
minimum yield strength determined in accordance with one
of the procedures specified in Section 3.2, which is equal to
the yield strength assumed in the design.
* The term Yield Strength as used herein shall designate the yield level of a material as determined by the
applicable method outlined in paragraph 13.1 Yield
Point, and in paragraph 13.2 Yield Strength, of
ASTM A370, Standard Test Methods and Definitions
for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, or as specified in paragraph 3.2 of this specification.
40
High-Strength,
A242/A242M.
Low-Alloy
Structural
Steel,
ASTM
3.3 PAINT
The standard shop paint is intended to protect the steel for
only a short period of exposure in ordinary atmospheric conditions and shall be considered an impermanent and provisional coating.
When specified, the standard shop paint shall conform to
one of the following:
a) Steel Structures Painting Council Specification, SSPC
No. 15.
b) Or, shall be a shop paint which meets the minimum performance requirements of the above listed specification.
SECTION 4.
DESIGN AND
MANUFACTURE
4.1 METHOD
Joists shall be designed in accordance with these specifications
as simply supported, uniformly loaded trusses supporting a
floor or roof deck so constructed as to brace the top chord of
the joists against lateral buckling. Where any applicable design
feature is not specifically covered herein, the design shall be in
accordance with the following specifications:
a) Where the steel used consists of hot-rolled shapes, bars or
plates, use the American Institute of Steel Construction,
Specification for Structural Steel Buildings.
b) For members that are cold-formed from sheet or strip steel,
use the American Iron and Steel Institute, North American
Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel
Structural Members.
Design Basis:
Designs shall be made according to the provisions in this
Specification for either Load and Resistance Factor Design
(LRFD) or for Allowable Strength Design (ASD).
Load Combinations:
LRFD:
When load combinations are not specified to the joist manufacturer, the required stress shall be computed for the factored
loads based on the factors and load combinations as follows:
1.4D
1.2D + 1.6 ( L, or Lr, or S, or R )
ASD:
When load combinations are not specified to the joist manufacturer, the required stress shall be computed based on the
load combinations as follows:
D
D + ( L, or Lr, or S, or R )
Where:
D = dead load due to the weight of the structural elements
and the permanent features of the structure
L = live load due to occupancy and movable equipment
Lr = roof live load
S = snow load
R = load due to initial rainwater or ice exclusive of the
ponding contribution
When special loads are specified and the specifying professional does not provide the load combinations, the provisions of
ASCE 7, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other
Structures shall be used for LRFD and ASD load combinations.
41
required stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn
nominal stress
ksi (MPa)
resistance factor
Fn
design stress
required stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn
nominal stress
ksi (MPa)
safety factor
Fn/ =
For cold-formed sections the method of calculating the nominal column strength is given in the AISI, North American
Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed Steel Structural
Members.
(c) Bending: b = 0.90 (LRFD) b = 1.67 (ASD)
allowable stress
(4.2-1)
(4.2-2)
4.71
Fcr = Q 0.658
> 4.71
E
QFy
QFy
Fy
(4.2-8)
(4.2-9)
(4.2-10)
(4.2-11)
(4.2-12)
(4.2-13)
Fe
Stresses:
(4.2-3)
QFy
(4.2-4)
4.4 MEMBERS
E2
2
(a) Chords
(4.2-5)
(4.2-6)
(4.2-7)
42
For ASD:
at the panel point:
fa + fb 0.6Fy
at the mid panel:
for
For LRFD:
at the panel point:
fau + fbu
at the mid panel:
for
8
fau
+
cFcr 9
1
for
fau
cFcr
0.2,
for
Cmfbu
fau
cFe
1.0
(4.4-2)
Q bFy
Cmfbu
1
fa 8
+
Fa 9
(4.4-1)
fau
cFe
0.2,
Cmfb
1.67fa
1
Fe
QFb
1.0 (4.4-5)
fa < 0.2,
Fa
Cmfb
1.67fa
1
Fe
1.0 (4.4-6)
QFb
1.0
fa
+
2Fa
fau
+
2 c Fcr
0.9Fy
fa
Fa
(4.4-4)
(4.4-3)
Q bFy
E2
l
, ksi (MPa)
rx
in.2
(mm2)
(b) Web
The vertical shears to be used in the design of the web
members shall be determined from full uniform loading, but
such vertical shears shall be not less than 25 percent of the
end reaction. Due consideration shall be given to the effect
of eccentricity. The effect of combined axial compression
and bending may be investigated using the provisions of
Section 4.4(a), letting Cm = 0.4 when bending due to
eccentricity produces reversed curvature.
Interior vertical web members used in modified Warren
type web systems shall be designed to resist the gravity
loads supported by the member plus an additional axial
load of 1/2 of 1.0 percent of the top chord axial force.
(c) Extended Ends
The magnitude and location of the loads to be supported,
deflection requirements, and proper bracing of extended
43
4.5 CONNECTIONS
(a) Methods
Joist connections and splices shall be made by attaching
the members to one another by arc or resistance welding
or other accredited methods.
(1) Welded Connections
a) Selected welds shall be inspected visually by the
manufacturer. Prior to this inspection, weld slag shall
be removed.
b) Cracks are not acceptable and shall be repaired.
c) Thorough fusion shall exist between weld and base
metal for the required design length of the weld; such
fusion shall be verified by visual inspection.
d) Unfilled weld craters shall not be included in the
design length of the weld.
4.6 CAMBER
Joists shall have approximate camber in accordance with the
following:
TABLE 4.6-1
Top Chord Length
Approximate Camber
20'-0"
(6096 mm)
1/4"
(6 mm)
30'-0"
(9144 mm)
3/8"
(10 mm)
40'-0"
(12192 mm)
5/8"
(16 mm)
50'-0"
(15240 mm)
1"
(25 mm)
60'-0"
(18288 mm)
1 1/2"
(38 mm)
g) Weld spatter that does not interfere with paint coverage is acceptable.
(2) Welding Program
Manufacturers shall have a program for establishing
weld procedures and operator qualification, and for
weld sampling and testing. (See Technical Digest #8 Welding of Open Web Steel Joists.)
(3) Weld Inspection by Outside Agencies (See Section 5.12
of these specifications)
The agency shall arrange for visual inspection to determine that welds meet the acceptance standards of
Section 4.5(a)(1) above. Ultrasonic, X-Ray, and magnetic particle testing are inappropriate for joists due to
the configurations of the components and welds.
(b) Strength
(1) Joint Connections - Joint connections shall be capable
of withstanding forces due to an ultimate load equal to
at least 1.35 times the LRFD, or 2.0 times the ASD load
shown in the applicable Standard Load Table.
(2) Shop Splices Splices may occur at any point in chord
or web members. Members containing a butt weld
splice shall develop an ultimate tensile force of at least
57 ksi (393 MPa) times the full design area of the chord
or web. The term member shall be defined as all
component parts comprising the chord or web, at the
point of the splice.
44
(c) Eccentricity
The specifying professional shall give consideration to coordinating joist camber with adjacent framing.
SECTION 5.
APPLICATION
5.1 USAGE
These specifications shall apply to any type of structure where
floors and roofs are to be supported directly by steel joists
installed as hereinafter specified. Where joists are used other
than on simple spans under uniformly distributed loading as
prescribed in Section 4.1, they shall be investigated and modified if necessary to limit the required stresses to those listed in
Section 4.2.
CAUTION: If a rigid connection of the bottom chord is to be
made to the column or other support, it shall be made only
after the application of the dead loads. The joist is then no
longer simply supported, and the system must be investigated
for continuous frame action by the specifying professional.
The designed detail of a rigid type connection and moment
plates shall be shown on the structural drawings by the specifying professional. The moment plates shall be furnished by
other than the joist manufacturer.
5.2 SPAN
The span of a joist shall not exceed 24 times its depth.
5.4 BRIDGING
Top and bottom chord bridging is required and shall consist of
one or both of the following types.
(a) Horizontal
Horizontal bridging shall consist of continuous horizontal
steel members. Attachments to the joist chords shall be
made by welding or mechanical means and shall be capable of resisting a nominal (unfactored) horizontal force of
not less than 700 pounds (3114 Newtons).
The ratio of unbraced length to least radius of gyration, l/r,
of the bridging member shall not exceed 300, where l is the
distance in inches (millimeters) between attachments and r
is the least radius of gyration of the bridging member.
(b) Diagonal
Diagonal bridging shall consist of cross-bracing with a
l/r ratio of not more than 200, where l is the distance in
inches (millimeters) between connections and r is the least
radius of gyration of the bracing member. Where crossbracing members are connected at their point of intersection, the l distance shall be taken as the distance in inches
(millimeters) between connections at the point of intersection of the bracing members and the connections to the
chord of the joists. Connections to the chords of steel joists
shall be made by positive mechanical means or by welding.
(c) Quantity and Spacing
The number of rows of top chord bridging shall not be less
than as shown in Bridging Tables 5.4-1 and 5.4-2 and the
spacing shall meet the requirements of Section 4.4(a). The
number of rows of bottom chord bridging, including bridging required per Section 5.11, shall not be less than the
number of top chord rows. Rows of bottom chord bridging
are permitted to be spaced independently of rows of top
chord bridging. The spacing of rows of bottom chord
bridging shall meet the slenderness requirement of Section
4.3 and any specified strength requirements.
(d) Bottom Chord Bearing Joists
Where bottom chord bearing joists are utilized, a row of
diagonal bridging shall be provided near the support(s).
This bridging shall be installed and anchored before the
hoisting cable(s) is released.
45
One
Row
Two
Rows
Three
Rows
Four
Rows
Five
Rows
#1
Up thru 16
Over 16 thru 24
Over 24 thru 28
#2
Up thru 17
Over 17 thru 25
Over 25 thru 32
#3
Up thru 18
Over 18 thru 28
Over 28 thru 38
Over 38 thru 40
#4
Up thru 19
Over 19 thru 28
Over 28 thru 38
Over 38 thru 48
#5
Up thru 19
Over 19 thru 29
Over 29 thru 39
Over 39 thru 50
#6
Up thru 19
Over 19 thru 29
Over 29 thru 39
Over 39 thru 51
Over 51 thru 56
#7
Up thru 20
Over 20 thru 33
Over 33 thru 45
Over 45 thru 58
Over 58 thru 60
Over 50 thru 52
#8
Up thru 20
Over 20 thru 33
Over 33 thru 45
Over 45 thru 58
Over 58 thru 60
#9
Up thru 20
Over 20 thru 33
Over 33 thru 46
Over 46 thru 59
Over 59 thru 60
#10
Up thru 20
Over 20 thru 37
Over 37 thru 51
Over 51 thru 60
#11
Up thru 20
Over 20 thru 38
Over 38 thru 53
Over 53 thru 60
#12
Up thru 20
Over 20 thru 39
Over 39 thru 53
Over 53 thru 60
TABLE 5.4-2
METRIC UNITS
One
Row
Two
Rows
Three
Rows
#1
up thru 4877
#2
up thru 5182
#3
up thru 5486
Five
Rows
#4
up thru 5791
#5
up thru 5791
#6
up thru 5791
#7
up thru 6096
#8
up thru 6096
#9
up thru 6096
#10
up thru 6096
#11
up thru 6096
#12
up thru 6096
46
Four
Rows
(d) Bearing
Slabs or decks shall bear uniformly along the top chords
of the joists.
(e) Attachments
The spacing for slab or deck attachments along the joist
top chord shall not exceed 36 inches (914 millimeters), and
shall be capable of resisting a nominal (unfactored) lateral
force of not less than 300 pounds (1335 Newtons), i.e., 100
plf (1.46 kN/m).
(f) Wood Nailers
Where wood nailers are used, such nailers in conjunction
with deck or slab shall be attached to the top chords of the
joists in conformance with Section 5.8(e).
(g) Joist With Standing Seam Roofing
The stiffness and strength of standing-seam roof clips
varies from one manufacturer to another. Therefore,
some roof systems cannot be counted on to provide lateral stability to the joists which support the roof.
Sufficient stability must be provided to brace the joists
laterally under the full design load. The compression
chord must resist the chord axial design force in the
plane of the joist (i.e., x-x axis buckling) and out of the
plane of the joist (i.e., y-y axis buckling). Out-of-plane
strength may be achieved by adjusting the bridging spacing and/or increasing the compression chord area, the joist
depth, and the y-axis radius of gyration. The effective
slenderness ratio in the y-direction equals 0.94 L/ry; where
L is the bridging spacing in inches (millimeters). The
maximum bridging spacing may not exceed that specified in Section 5.4(c).
Horizontal bridging members attached to the compression chords and their anchorages must be designed for a
compressive axial force of 0.0025nP, where n is the number of joists between end anchors and P is the chord
design force in kips (Newtons). The attachment force
between the horizontal bridging member and the compression chord is 0.005P. Horizontal bridging attached to
the tension chords shall be proportioned so that the slenderness ratio between attachments does not exceed 300.
Diagonal bridging shall be proportioned so that the slenderness ratio between attachments does not exceed 200.
47
5.10 PONDING*
The ponding investigation shall be performed by the specifying
professional.
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute Technical
Digest #3, Structural Design of Steel Joist Roofs to Resist
Ponding Loads and AISC Specifications.
5.11 UPLIFT
Where uplift forces due to wind are a design requirement,
these forces must be indicated on the contract drawings in
terms of NET uplift in pounds per square foot (Pascals). The
contract documents shall indicate if the net uplift is based
upon LRFD or ASD. When these forces are specified, they
must be considered in the design of joists and/or bridging. A
single line of bottom chord bridging must be provided near
the first bottom chord panel points whenever uplift due to
wind forces is a design consideration.*
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute Technical
Digest #6, Structural Design of Steel Joist Roofs to Resist
Uplift Loads.
5.12 INSPECTION
Joists shall be inspected by the manufacturer before shipment
to verify compliance of materials and workmanship with the
requirements of these specifications. If the purchaser wishes
an inspection of the steel joists by someone other than the
manufacturers own inspectors, they may reserve the right to
do so in their Invitation to Bid or the accompanying Job
Specifications.
Arrangements shall be made with the manufacturer for such
inspection of the joists at the manufacturing shop by the purchasers inspectors at purchasers expense.
48
SECTION 6.*
ERECTION STABILITY
AND HANDLING
When it is necessary for the erector to climb on the joists,
extreme caution must be exercised since unbridged joists may
exhibit some degree of instability under the erectors weight.
(a) Stability Requirements
1) Before an employee is allowed on the steel joist: BOTH
ends of joists at columns (or joists designated as column
joists) shall be attached to its supports. For all other
joists a minimum of one end shall be attached before the
employee is allowed on the joist. The attachment shall be
in accordance with Section 5.6 End Anchorage.
When a bolted seat connection is used for erection purposes, as a minimum, the bolts must be snug tightened.
The snug tight condition is defined as the tightness that
exists when all plies of a joint are in firm contact. This
may be attained by a few impacts of an impact wrench
or the full effort of an employee using an ordinary spud
wrench.
2) On steel joists that do not require erection bridging as
shown by the unshaded area of the Load Tables, only
one employee shall be allowed on the steel joist unless
all bridging is installed and anchored.
* For a thorough coverage of this topic, refer to SJI
Technical Digest #9, Handling and Erection of Steel
Joists and Joist Girders.
3) Where the span of the steel joist is within the Red shaded area of the Load Table, the following shall apply:
a) The row of bridging nearest the mid span of the steel
joists shall be bolted diagonal erection bridging; and
b) Hoisting cables shall not be released until this bolted
diagonal erection bridging is installed and anchored,
unless an alternate method of stabilizing the joist has
been provided; and
c) No more than one employee shall be allowed on
these spans until all other bridging is installed and
anchored.
4) When permanent bridging terminus points cannot be
used during erection, additional temporary bridging terminus points are required to provide stability.
5) In the case of bottom chord bearing joists, the ends of
the joist must be restrained laterally per Section 5.4(d).
6) After the joist is straightened and plumbed, and all bridging is completely installed and anchored, the ends of the
joists shall be fully connected to the supports in accordance with Section 5.6 End Anchorage.
a) The contractor has first determined from a qualified person (2) and documented in a site-specific
erection plan that the structure or portion of the
structure is capable of supporting the load;
b) The bundle of decking is placed on a minimum of 3
steel joists;
c) The joists supporting the bundle of decking are
attached at both ends;
d) At least one row of bridging is installed and anchored;
e) The total weight of the decking does not exceed
4000 pounds (1816 kilograms); and
f) The edge of the decking shall be placed within 1 foot
(0.30 meters) of the bearing surface of the joist end.
g) The edge of the construction load shall be placed
within 1 foot (0.30 meters) of the bearing surface of
the joist end.
49
CL
SPAN
BEARING LENGTH
BEARING LENGTH
CL
SPAN
BEARING LENGTH
BEARING LENGTH
SPAN
BEARING LENGTH
BEARING LENGTH
50
SEAT
DEPTH
CL
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (in.)
Approx. Wt
(lbs./ft.)
Span (ft.)
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
8K1
10K1
12K1
12K3
12K5
14K1
14K3
14K4
14K6
16K3
16K4
16K5
16K6
16K7
10
12
12
12
14
14
14
14
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
5.1
5.0
5.0
5.7
7.1
5.2
6.0
6.7
7.7
5.5
6.3
7.0
7.5
8.1
8.6
10.0
825
550
825
510
750
425
651
344
570
282
504
234
448
197
402
167
361
142
327
123
298
106
271
93
249
81
825
550
825
510
825
463
814
428
714
351
630
291
561
245
502
207
453
177
409
153
373
132
340
116
312
101
825
550
825
510
825
463
825
434
825
396
825
366
760
317
681
269
613
230
555
198
505
172
462
150
423
132
825
550
766
475
672
390
592
324
528
272
472
230
426
197
385
170
351
147
321
128
294
113
270
100
249
88
231
79
214
70
825
550
825
507
825
467
742
404
661
339
592
287
534
246
483
212
439
184
402
160
367
141
339
124
313
110
289
98
270
88
825
550
825
507
825
467
825
443
795
397
712
336
642
287
582
248
529
215
483
188
442
165
408
145
376
129
349
115
324
103
825
550
825
507
825
467
825
443
825
408
825
383
787
347
712
299
648
259
592
226
543
199
501
175
462
156
427
139
397
124
825
550
768
488
684
409
612
347
552
297
499
255
454
222
415
194
381
170
351
150
324
133
300
119
279
106
259
95
241
86
226
78
213
71
825
550
825
526
762
456
682
386
615
330
556
285
505
247
462
216
424
189
390
167
360
148
334
132
310
118
289
106
270
96
252
87
237
79
825
550
825
526
825
490
820
452
739
386
670
333
609
289
556
252
510
221
469
195
433
173
402
155
373
138
348
124
324
112
304
101
285
92
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
754
373
687
323
627
282
576
248
529
219
489
194
453
173
421
155
391
139
366
126
342
114
321
103
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
822
405
747
351
682
307
627
269
576
238
532
211
493
188
459
168
427
151
399
137
373
124
349
112
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
825
406
825
385
760
339
697
298
642
263
592
233
549
208
510
186
475
167
444
151
415
137
388
124
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
825
406
825
385
825
363
825
346
771
311
711
276
658
246
612
220
570
198
532
178
498
161
466
147
825
550
825
550
825
480
798
377
666
288
565
225
486
179
421
145
369
119
825
550
825
542
825
455
718
363
618
289
537
234
469
192
415
159
369
134
331
113
298
97
16K2
16K9
51
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs./ft.)
18K3
18K4
18K5
18K6
18K7
20K3
20K4
20K5
20K6
22K4
22K5
22K6
22K7
18
18
18
18
18
18K9 18K10
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
6.6
7.2
7.7
8.5
10.2
11.7
6.7
7.6
8.2
8.9
9.3
10.8
12.2
8.8
9.2
9.7
11.3
12.6
13.8
825
550
771
494
694
423
630
364
573
316
523
276
480
242
441
214
408
190
378
169
351
151
327
136
304
123
285
111
267
101
252
92
237
84
223
77
211
70
825
550
825
523
825
490
759
426
690
370
630
323
577
284
532
250
492
222
454
198
423
177
394
159
367
144
343
130
322
118
303
108
285
98
268
90
253
82
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
777
414
709
362
651
318
600
281
553
249
513
222
477
199
444
179
414
161
387
146
363
132
342
121
321
110
303
101
286
92
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
774
393
709
345
652
305
603
271
558
241
519
216
483
194
451
175
421
158
396
144
372
131
349
120
330
110
312
101
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
825
418
789
382
727
337
672
299
622
267
577
239
538
215
502
194
469
175
441
159
414
145
390
132
367
121
348
111
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
825
418
825
396
825
377
807
354
747
315
694
282
646
254
603
229
564
207
529
188
498
171
468
156
441
143
417
132
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
825
418
825
396
825
377
825
361
825
347
822
331
766
298
715
269
669
243
627
221
589
201
555
184
523
168
495
154
775
517
702
453
639
393
583
344
535
302
493
266
456
236
421
211
391
189
364
170
340
153
318
138
298
126
280
114
264
105
249
96
235
88
222
81
211
74
199
69
190
64
825
550
825
520
771
461
703
402
645
353
594
312
549
277
508
247
472
221
439
199
411
179
384
162
360
147
339
134
318
122
300
112
283
103
268
95
255
87
241
81
229
75
825
550
825
520
825
490
793
451
727
396
669
350
618
310
573
277
532
248
495
223
462
201
433
182
406
165
381
150
358
137
339
126
319
115
303
106
286
98
271
90
258
84
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
792
430
729
380
673
337
624
301
579
269
540
242
504
218
471
198
442
179
415
163
391
149
369
137
348
125
330
115
312
106
297
98
282
91
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
825
448
811
421
750
373
694
333
645
298
601
268
561
242
525
219
492
199
463
181
435
165
411
151
388
139
367
128
348
118
330
109
313
101
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
825
448
825
426
825
405
825
389
775
353
723
317
675
286
631
259
592
235
556
214
523
195
493
179
466
164
441
151
418
139
397
129
376
119
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
825
448
825
426
825
405
825
389
825
375
825
359
799
336
748
304
702
276
660
251
621
229
585
210
553
193
523
178
496
164
471
151
447
140
825
548
777
491
712
431
657
381
606
338
561
301
522
270
486
242
453
219
424
198
397
180
373
164
352
149
331
137
313
126
297
116
280
107
267
98
253
91
241
85
229
79
219
73
208
68
825
548
825
518
804
483
739
427
682
379
633
337
588
302
547
272
511
245
478
222
448
201
421
183
397
167
373
153
354
141
334
130
316
119
300
110
285
102
271
95
259
88
247
82
235
76
825
548
825
518
825
495
805
464
744
411
688
367
640
328
597
295
556
266
520
241
489
219
459
199
432
182
408
167
385
153
364
141
345
130
327
120
310
111
295
103
282
96
268
89
256
83
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
768
406
712
364
664
327
619
295
580
267
544
242
511
221
481
202
454
185
429
169
406
156
384
144
364
133
346
123
330
114
313
106
300
99
286
92
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
825
432
825
413
798
387
745
349
697
316
654
287
615
261
579
239
546
219
516
201
487
185
462
170
438
157
417
146
396
135
378
126
360
117
343
109
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
825
432
825
413
825
399
825
385
825
369
775
337
729
307
687
280
648
257
612
236
579
217
549
200
520
185
495
171
471
159
448
148
427
138
408
128
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
825
432
825
413
825
399
825
385
825
369
823
355
798
334
774
314
741
292
700
269
663
247
628
228
595
211
565
195
538
181
513
168
489
157
466
146
Span (ft.)
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
52
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs./ft.)
24K4
24K5
24K6
24K7
24K8
24K9
24K10
24K12
26K5
26K6
26K7
26K8
26K9
26K10
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
26
26
26
26
26
26
26K12
26
8.4
9.3
9.7
10.1
11.5
12.0
13.1
16.0
9.8
10.6
10.9
12.1
12.2
13.8
16.6
780
516
718
456
663
405
615
361
571
323
531
290
496
262
465
237
435
215
409
196
385
179
363
164
343
150
324
138
307
128
292
118
277
109
264
101
252
94
240
88
229
82
219
76
208
71
199
67
192
63
825
544
810
511
748
453
693
404
643
362
600
325
559
293
523
266
490
241
462
220
435
201
409
184
387
169
366
155
346
143
328
132
312
122
297
114
283
106
270
98
258
92
246
86
235
80
225
75
216
70
825
544
825
520
814
493
754
439
700
393
652
354
609
319
570
289
535
262
502
239
472
218
445
200
421
183
399
169
378
156
358
144
340
133
324
124
309
115
294
107
280
100
268
93
256
87
246
82
235
77
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
781
436
727
392
679
353
636
320
595
290
559
265
526
242
496
221
469
203
444
187
421
172
399
159
379
148
361
137
343
127
328
118
313
110
298
103
286
97
274
90
262
85
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
804
429
750
387
702
350
658
318
619
289
582
264
549
242
519
222
490
205
465
189
441
174
420
161
399
150
379
139
363
130
346
121
330
113
316
106
303
99
291
93
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
825
436
816
419
765
379
717
344
673
313
634
286
598
262
565
241
534
222
507
204
480
189
456
175
435
162
414
151
394
140
376
131
360
122
345
114
330
107
316
101
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
825
436
825
422
825
410
823
393
798
368
753
337
709
308
670
283
634
260
601
240
570
222
541
206
516
191
490
177
468
165
447
154
427
144
408
135
391
126
375
118
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
825
436
825
422
825
410
823
393
798
368
774
344
751
324
730
306
711
290
691
275
673
261
657
247
640
235
625
224
609
213
580
199
555
185
531
174
508
163
487
153
813
535
753
477
699
427
651
384
607
346
568
314
534
285
501
259
472
237
445
217
420
199
397
183
376
169
357
156
340
145
322
134
307
125
294
116
280
108
268
101
256
95
246
89
235
83
225
78
216
73
208
69
199
65
825
541
820
519
762
464
709
417
661
377
619
341
580
309
546
282
514
257
484
236
457
216
433
199
411
184
390
170
370
157
352
146
336
136
319
126
306
118
291
110
279
103
267
96
256
90
246
85
235
80
226
75
217
71
825
541
825
522
825
501
790
463
738
417
690
378
648
343
609
312
573
285
540
261
510
240
483
221
457
204
433
188
412
174
393
162
373
150
357
140
340
131
325
122
310
114
298
107
285
100
274
94
262
89
252
83
243
79
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
816
457
763
413
715
375
672
342
633
312
597
286
564
263
534
242
505
223
480
206
456
191
433
177
412
164
394
153
376
143
360
133
343
125
328
117
315
110
303
103
291
97
279
91
268
86
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
825
459
825
444
778
407
732
370
688
338
649
310
613
284
580
262
550
241
522
223
496
207
472
192
450
178
429
166
409
155
391
145
375
135
358
127
343
119
330
112
316
105
304
99
292
93
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
825
459
825
444
823
431
798
404
774
378
751
356
729
334
690
308
654
284
619
262
589
243
561
225
534
210
508
195
486
182
465
170
444
159
426
149
408
140
391
131
375
124
361
116
346
110
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
825
459
825
444
823
431
798
404
774
378
751
356
730
334
711
315
691
299
673
283
657
269
640
256
625
244
610
232
597
222
583
212
570
203
553
192
529
180
508
169
487
159
469
150
451
142
Span (ft.)
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs./ft.)
Span (ft.)
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
54
28K6
28K7
28K8
28K9
28K10
28K12
30K7
30K8
30K9
30K10
30K11
28
28
28
28
28
28
30
30
30
30
30
30
11.4
11.8
12.7
13.0
14.3
17.1
12.3
13.2
13.4
15.0
16.4
17.6
822
541
766
486
715
439
669
397
627
361
589
329
555
300
523
275
495
252
468
232
444
214
420
198
399
183
379
170
361
158
345
147
330
137
315
128
301
120
288
112
276
105
265
99
255
93
244
88
235
83
226
78
217
74
210
70
202
66
825
543
825
522
796
486
745
440
699
400
657
364
618
333
583
305
550
280
522
257
493
237
469
219
445
203
424
189
403
175
385
163
367
152
351
142
336
133
321
125
309
117
295
110
283
103
273
97
262
92
252
87
243
82
234
77
226
73
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
772
438
726
399
684
364
645
333
609
306
576
282
546
260
519
240
492
222
468
206
445
192
426
179
406
167
388
156
372
146
355
136
340
128
327
120
313
113
301
106
289
100
279
95
268
89
259
85
249
80
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
823
463
790
432
744
395
702
361
663
332
627
305
594
282
564
260
535
241
510
224
486
208
463
194
442
181
423
169
405
158
387
148
370
139
355
130
342
123
328
115
315
109
304
103
292
97
282
92
271
87
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
823
463
798
435
774
410
751
389
730
366
711
344
691
325
670
306
636
284
606
263
576
245
550
228
525
212
501
198
480
186
459
174
441
163
423
153
405
144
390
136
375
128
360
121
348
114
334
108
322
102
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
823
463
798
435
774
410
751
389
730
366
711
344
691
325
673
308
657
291
640
277
625
264
610
252
597
240
583
229
570
219
558
210
547
201
535
193
525
185
507
175
487
165
469
156
451
147
435
139
420
132
825
543
801
508
751
461
706
420
664
384
627
351
592
323
559
297
531
274
504
253
478
234
454
217
433
202
414
188
394
176
376
164
361
153
345
144
331
135
318
127
304
119
292
112
282
106
271
100
261
94
252
89
243
84
234
80
226
76
219
72
211
69
825
543
825
520
823
500
780
460
735
420
693
384
654
353
619
325
586
300
556
277
529
256
502
238
480
221
457
206
436
192
417
179
399
168
382
157
366
148
351
139
337
130
324
123
312
116
300
109
288
103
277
98
268
92
259
88
250
83
241
79
234
75
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
712
383
673
352
639
325
606
300
576
278
547
258
522
240
498
223
475
208
454
195
435
182
415
171
399
160
382
150
367
141
352
133
339
126
327
119
313
112
303
106
292
100
282
95
271
90
262
86
253
81
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
730
392
711
374
691
353
673
333
657
315
640
300
619
282
591
263
564
245
538
229
516
214
493
201
472
188
454
177
436
166
418
157
402
148
387
140
373
132
360
125
346
118
334
112
322
106
312
101
301
96
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
730
392
711
374
691
353
673
333
657
315
640
300
625
284
610
270
597
258
583
246
570
236
558
226
543
215
520
202
499
190
480
179
462
169
444
159
427
150
412
142
397
135
384
128
370
121
358
115
346
109
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
730
392
711
374
691
353
673
333
657
315
640
300
625
284
610
270
597
258
583
246
570
236
558
226
547
216
535
207
525
199
514
192
504
184
495
177
486
170
468
161
451
153
435
145
420
137
406
130
393
124
30K12
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (in.)
Approx. Wt
(lbs./ft.)
Span (ft.)
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
8K1
10K1
12K1
12K3
12K5
14K1
14K3
14K4
14K6
16K3
16K4
16K5
16K6
16K7
10
12
12
12
14
14
14
14
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
5.1
5.0
5.0
5.7
7.1
5.2
6.0
6.7
7.7
5.5
6.3
7.0
7.5
8.1
8.6
10.0
550
550
550
510
500
425
434
344
380
282
336
234
299
197
268
167
241
142
218
123
199
106
181
93
166
81
550
550
550
510
550
463
543
428
476
351
420
291
374
245
335
207
302
177
273
153
249
132
227
116
208
101
550
550
550
510
550
463
550
434
550
396
550
366
507
317
454
269
409
230
370
198
337
172
308
150
282
132
550
550
511
475
448
390
395
324
352
272
315
230
284
197
257
170
234
147
214
128
196
113
180
100
166
88
154
79
143
70
550
550
550
507
550
467
495
404
441
339
395
287
356
246
322
212
293
184
268
160
245
141
226
124
209
110
193
98
180
88
550
550
550
507
550
467
550
443
530
397
475
336
428
287
388
248
353
215
322
188
295
165
272
145
251
129
233
115
216
103
550
550
550
507
550
467
550
443
550
408
550
383
525
347
475
299
432
259
395
226
362
199
334
175
308
156
285
139
265
124
550
550
512
488
456
409
408
347
368
297
333
255
303
222
277
194
254
170
234
150
216
133
200
119
186
106
173
95
161
86
151
78
142
71
550
550
550
526
508
456
455
386
410
330
371
285
337
247
308
216
283
189
260
167
240
148
223
132
207
118
193
106
180
96
168
87
158
79
550
550
550
526
550
490
547
452
493
386
447
333
406
289
371
252
340
221
313
195
289
173
268
155
249
138
232
124
216
112
203
101
190
92
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
503
373
458
323
418
282
384
248
353
219
326
194
302
173
281
155
261
139
244
126
228
114
214
103
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
548
405
498
351
455
307
418
269
384
238
355
211
329
188
306
168
285
151
266
137
249
124
233
112
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
550
406
550
385
507
339
465
298
428
263
395
233
366
208
340
186
317
167
296
151
277
137
259
124
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
550
406
550
385
550
363
550
346
514
311
474
276
439
246
408
220
380
198
355
178
332
161
311
147
550
550
550
550
550
480
532
377
444
288
377
225
324
179
281
145
246
119
550
550
550
542
550
455
479
363
412
289
358
234
313
192
277
159
246
134
221
113
199
97
16K2
16K9
55
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs./ft.)
Span (ft.)
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
56
18K3
18K4
18K5
18K6
18K7
20K3
20K4
20K5
20K6
20K7
20K9
20K10
22K4
22K5
22K6
22K7
18
18
18
18
18
18K9 18K10
18
18
20
20
20
20
20
20
20
22
22
22
22
22
22
22
6.6
7.2
7.7
8.5
10.2
11.7
6.7
7.6
8.2
8.9
9.3
10.8
12.2
8.8
9.2
9.7
11.3
12.6
13.8
550
550
514
494
463
423
420
364
382
316
349
276
320
242
294
214
272
190
252
169
234
151
218
136
203
123
190
111
178
101
168
92
158
84
149
77
141
70
550
550
550
523
550
490
506
426
460
370
420
323
385
284
355
250
328
222
303
198
282
177
263
159
245
144
229
130
215
118
202
108
190
98
179
90
169
82
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
518
414
473
362
434
318
400
281
369
249
342
222
318
199
296
179
276
161
258
146
242
132
228
121
214
110
202
101
191
92
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
516
393
473
345
435
305
402
271
372
241
346
216
322
194
301
175
281
158
264
144
248
131
233
120
220
110
208
101
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
550
418
526
382
485
337
448
299
415
267
385
239
359
215
335
194
313
175
294
159
276
145
260
132
245
121
232
111
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
550
418
550
396
550
377
538
354
498
315
463
282
431
254
402
229
376
207
353
188
332
171
312
156
294
143
278
132
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
550
418
550
396
550
377
550
361
550
347
548
331
511
298
477
269
446
243
418
221
393
201
370
184
349
168
330
154
517
517
468
453
426
393
389
344
357
302
329
266
304
236
281
211
261
189
243
170
227
153
212
138
199
126
187
114
176
105
166
96
157
88
148
81
141
74
133
69
127
64
550
550
550
520
514
461
469
402
430
353
396
312
366
277
339
247
315
221
293
199
274
179
256
162
240
147
226
134
212
122
200
112
189
103
179
95
170
87
161
81
153
75
550
550
550
520
550
490
529
451
485
396
446
350
412
310
382
277
355
248
330
223
308
201
289
182
271
165
254
150
239
137
226
126
213
115
202
106
191
98
181
90
172
84
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
528
430
486
380
449
337
416
301
386
269
360
242
336
218
314
198
295
179
277
163
261
149
246
137
232
125
220
115
208
106
198
98
188
91
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
550
448
541
421
500
373
463
333
430
298
401
268
374
242
350
219
328
199
309
181
290
165
274
151
259
139
245
128
232
118
220
109
209
101
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
550
448
550
426
550
405
550
389
517
353
482
317
450
286
421
259
395
235
371
214
349
195
329
179
311
164
294
151
279
139
265
129
251
119
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
550
448
550
426
550
405
550
389
550
375
550
359
533
336
499
304
468
276
440
251
414
229
390
210
369
193
349
178
331
164
314
151
298
140
550
548
518
491
475
431
438
381
404
338
374
301
348
270
324
242
302
219
283
198
265
180
249
164
235
149
221
137
209
126
198
116
187
107
178
98
169
91
161
85
153
79
146
73
139
68
550
548
550
518
536
483
493
427
455
379
422
337
392
302
365
272
341
245
319
222
299
201
281
183
265
167
249
153
236
141
223
130
211
119
200
110
190
102
181
95
173
88
165
82
157
76
550
548
550
518
550
495
537
464
496
411
459
367
427
328
398
295
371
266
347
241
326
219
306
199
288
182
272
167
257
153
243
141
230
130
218
120
207
111
197
103
188
96
179
89
171
83
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
512
406
475
364
443
327
413
295
387
267
363
242
341
221
321
202
303
185
286
169
271
156
256
144
243
133
231
123
220
114
209
106
200
99
191
92
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
550
432
550
413
532
387
497
349
465
316
436
287
410
261
386
239
364
219
344
201
325
185
308
170
292
157
278
146
264
135
252
126
240
117
229
109
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
550
432
550
413
550
399
550
385
550
369
517
337
486
307
458
280
432
257
408
236
386
217
366
200
347
185
330
171
314
159
299
148
285
138
272
128
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
550
432
550
413
550
399
550
385
550
369
549
355
532
334
516
314
494
292
467
269
442
247
419
228
397
211
377
195
359
181
342
168
326
157
311
146
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs./ft.)
Span (ft.)
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
24K4
24K5
24K6
24K7
24K8
24K9
24K10
24K12
26K5
26K6
26K7
26K8
26K9
26K10
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
24
26
26
26
26
26
26
26K12
26
8.4
9.3
9.7
10.1
11.5
12.0
13.1
16.0
9.8
10.6
10.9
12.1
12.2
13.8
16.6
520
516
479
456
442
405
410
361
381
323
354
290
331
262
310
237
290
215
273
196
257
179
242
164
229
150
216
138
205
128
195
118
185
109
176
101
168
94
160
88
153
82
146
76
139
71
133
67
128
63
550
544
540
511
499
453
462
404
429
362
400
325
373
293
349
266
327
241
308
220
290
201
273
184
258
169
244
155
231
143
219
132
208
122
198
114
189
106
180
98
172
92
164
86
157
80
150
75
144
70
550
544
550
520
543
493
503
439
467
393
435
354
406
319
380
289
357
262
335
239
315
218
297
200
281
183
266
169
252
156
239
144
227
133
216
124
206
115
196
107
187
100
179
93
171
87
164
82
157
77
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
521
436
485
392
453
353
424
320
397
290
373
265
351
242
331
221
313
203
296
187
281
172
266
159
253
148
241
137
229
127
219
118
209
110
199
103
191
97
183
90
175
85
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
536
429
500
387
468
350
439
318
413
289
388
264
366
242
346
222
327
205
310
189
294
174
280
161
266
150
253
139
242
130
231
121
220
113
211
106
202
99
194
93
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
550
436
544
419
510
379
478
344
449
313
423
286
399
262
377
241
356
222
338
204
320
189
304
175
290
162
276
151
263
140
251
131
240
122
230
114
220
107
211
101
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
550
436
550
422
550
410
549
393
532
368
502
337
473
308
447
283
423
260
401
240
380
222
361
206
344
191
327
177
312
165
298
154
285
144
272
135
261
126
250
118
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
550
436
550
422
550
410
549
393
532
368
516
344
501
324
487
306
474
290
461
275
449
261
438
247
427
235
417
224
406
213
387
199
370
185
354
174
339
163
325
153
542
535
502
477
466
427
434
384
405
346
379
314
356
285
334
259
315
237
297
217
280
199
265
183
251
169
238
156
227
145
215
134
205
125
196
116
187
108
179
101
171
95
164
89
157
83
150
78
144
73
139
69
133
65
550
541
547
519
508
464
473
417
441
377
413
341
387
309
364
282
343
257
323
236
305
216
289
199
274
184
260
170
247
157
235
146
224
136
213
126
204
118
194
110
186
103
178
96
171
90
164
85
157
80
151
75
145
71
550
541
550
522
550
501
527
463
492
417
460
378
432
343
406
312
382
285
360
261
340
240
322
221
305
204
289
188
275
174
262
162
249
150
238
140
227
131
217
122
207
114
199
107
190
100
183
94
175
89
168
83
162
79
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
544
457
509
413
477
375
448
342
422
312
398
286
376
263
356
242
337
223
320
206
304
191
289
177
275
164
263
153
251
143
240
133
229
125
219
117
210
110
202
103
194
97
186
91
179
86
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
550
459
550
444
519
407
488
370
459
338
433
310
409
284
387
262
367
241
348
223
331
207
315
192
300
178
286
166
273
155
261
145
250
135
239
127
229
119
220
112
211
105
203
99
195
93
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
550
459
550
444
549
431
532
404
516
378
501
356
486
334
460
308
436
284
413
262
393
243
374
225
356
210
339
195
324
182
310
170
296
159
284
149
272
140
261
131
250
124
241
116
231
110
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
550
459
550
444
549
431
532
404
516
378
501
356
487
334
474
315
461
299
449
283
438
269
427
256
417
244
407
232
398
222
389
212
380
203
369
192
353
180
339
169
325
159
313
150
301
142
57
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs./ft.)
Span (ft.)
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
58
28K6
28K7
28K8
28K9
28K10
28K12
30K7
30K8
30K9
30K10
30K11
28
28
28
28
28
28
30
30
30
30
30
30K12
30
11.4
11.8
12.7
13.0
14.3
17.1
12.3
13.2
13.4
15.0
16.4
17.6
548
541
511
486
477
439
446
397
418
361
393
329
370
300
349
275
330
252
312
232
296
214
280
198
266
183
253
170
241
158
230
147
220
137
210
128
201
120
192
112
184
105
177
99
170
93
163
88
157
83
151
78
145
74
140
70
135
66
550
543
550
522
531
486
497
440
466
400
438
364
412
333
389
305
367
280
348
257
329
237
313
219
297
203
283
189
269
175
257
163
245
152
234
142
224
133
214
125
206
117
197
110
189
103
182
97
175
92
168
87
162
82
156
77
151
73
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
515
438
484
399
456
364
430
333
406
306
384
282
364
260
346
240
328
222
312
206
297
192
284
179
271
167
259
156
248
146
237
136
227
128
218
120
209
113
201
106
193
100
186
95
179
89
173
85
166
80
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
549
463
527
432
496
395
468
361
442
332
418
305
396
282
376
260
357
241
340
224
324
208
309
194
295
181
282
169
270
158
258
148
247
139
237
130
228
123
219
115
210
109
203
103
195
97
188
92
181
87
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
549
463
532
435
516
410
501
389
487
366
474
344
461
325
447
306
424
284
404
263
384
245
367
228
350
212
334
198
320
186
306
174
294
163
282
153
270
144
260
136
250
128
240
121
232
114
223
108
215
102
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
549
463
532
435
516
410
501
389
487
366
474
344
461
325
449
308
438
291
427
277
417
264
407
252
398
240
389
229
380
219
372
210
365
201
357
193
350
185
338
175
325
165
313
156
301
147
290
139
280
132
550
543
534
508
501
461
471
420
443
384
418
351
395
323
373
297
354
274
336
253
319
234
303
217
289
202
276
188
263
176
251
164
241
153
230
144
221
135
212
127
203
119
195
112
188
106
181
100
174
94
168
89
162
84
156
80
151
76
146
72
141
69
550
543
550
520
549
500
520
460
490
420
462
384
436
353
413
325
391
300
371
277
353
256
335
238
320
221
305
206
291
192
278
179
266
168
255
157
244
148
234
139
225
130
216
123
208
116
200
109
192
103
185
98
179
92
173
88
167
83
161
79
156
75
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
475
383
449
352
426
325
404
300
384
278
365
258
348
240
332
223
317
208
303
195
290
182
277
171
266
160
255
150
245
141
235
133
226
126
218
119
209
112
202
106
195
100
188
95
181
90
175
86
169
81
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
487
392
474
374
461
353
449
333
438
315
427
300
413
282
394
263
376
245
359
229
344
214
329
201
315
188
303
177
291
166
279
157
268
148
258
140
249
132
240
125
231
118
223
112
215
106
208
101
201
96
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
487
392
474
374
461
353
449
333
438
315
427
300
417
284
407
270
398
258
389
246
380
236
372
226
362
215
347
202
333
190
320
179
308
169
296
159
285
150
275
142
265
135
256
128
247
121
239
115
231
109
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
487
392
474
374
461
353
449
333
438
315
427
300
417
284
407
270
398
258
389
246
380
236
372
226
365
216
357
207
350
199
343
192
336
184
330
177
324
170
312
161
301
153
290
145
280
137
271
130
262
124
CL
SPAN
BEARING LENGTH
BEARING LENGTH
CL
SPAN
BEARING LENGTH
BEARING LENGTH
SPAN
BEARING LENGTH
BEARING LENGTH
SEAT
DEPTH
CL
59
M o
R
V
o
R
KCS JOIST
SHEAR AND MOMENT ENVELOPES
LRFD EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 1 *
60
RR
EXAMPLE 2 *
LRFD FACTORED LOADS
WV =
8.0 ft
3.0 ft
914 mm
2R
= 764 plf (11.14 kN/m)
L
(2438mm)
7.0 ft
2134 mm
L = 30 ft (9144 mm)
RR
RL
ASD EXAMPLES
EXAMPLE 1 *
M = 625 in.-kip (70.6 kN-m)
1000 lbs (4.45 kN)
8.0 ft
(2438 mm)
EXAMPLE 3 *
RL
Design Length)
RR
61
EXAMPLE 3 *
300 lbs (1.33 kN)
800 lbs(3.56 kN)
3.0 ft
2438 mm
7.0 ft
914 mm
2134 mm
L = 30 ft (9144 mm)
RL
RR
2R
L
WV =
62
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR KCS OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength
JOIST
DESIGNATION
DEPTH
(inches)
MOMENT
CAPACITY
(inch-kips)
SHEAR
CAPACITY*
(lbs)
APPROX.
WEIGHT**
(lbs/ft)
GROSS
MOMENT OF
INERTIA (in. 4 )
10KCS1
10KCS2
10KCS3
12KCS1
12KCS2
12KCS3
14KCS1
14KCS2
14KCS3
16KCS2
16KCS3
16KCS4
16KCS5
18KCS2
18KCS3
18KCS4
18KCS5
20KCS2
20KCS3
20KCS4
20KCS5
22KCS2
22KCS3
22KCS4
22KCS5
24KCS2
24KCS3
24KCS4
24KCS5
26KCS2
26KCS3
26KCS4
26KCS5
28KCS2
28KCS3
28KCS4
28KCS5
30KCS3
30KCS4
30KCS5
10
10
10
12
12
12
14
14
14
16
16
16
16
18
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
22
22
22
22
24
24
24
24
26
26
26
26
28
28
28
28
30
30
30
258
337
444
313
411
543
370
486
642
523
705
1080
1401
592
798
1225
1593
663
892
1371
1786
732
987
1518
1978
801
1080
1662
2172
870
1174
1809
2364
939
1269
1954
2556
1362
2100
2749
3000
3750
4500
3600
4500
5250
4350
5100
5850
6000
7200
7950
8700
7050
7800
8550
9300
7800
9000
11850
12600
8850
9900
11850
12900
9450
10800
12600
13350
9900
11700
12750
13800
10350
12000
12750
13800
12000
12750
13800
6.0
7.5
10.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
6.5
8.0
10.0
8.5
10.5
14.5
18.0
9.0
11.0
15.0
18.5
9.5
11.5
16.5
20.0
10.0
12.5
16.5
20.5
10.0
12.5
16.5
20.5
10.0
12.5
16.5
20.5
10.5
12.5
16.5
20.5
13.0
16.5
21.0
29
37
47
43
55
71
59
77
99
99
128
192
245
127
164
247
316
159
205
308
396
194
251
377
485
232
301
453
584
274
355
536
691
320
414
626
808
478
722
934
BRIDGING
TABLE
SECTION
NUMBER
1
1
1
3
5
5
4
6
6
6
9
9
9
6
9
10
10
6
9
10
10
6
9
11
11
6
9
12
12
6
9
12
12
6
9
12
12
9
12
12
*MAXIMUM UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD CAPACITY IS 825 PLF AND SINGLE CONCENTRATED LOAD CANNOT
EXCEED SHEAR CAPACITY
**DOES NOT INCLUDE ACCESSORIES
63
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR KCS OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength
JOIST
DESIGNATION
DEPTH
(inches)
MOMENT
CAPACITY*
(inch-kips)
SHEAR
CAPACITY*
(lbs)
APPROX.
WEIGHT**
(lbs/ft)
GROSS
MOMENT OF
INERTIA (in. 4 )
10KCS1
10KCS2
10KCS3
12KCS1
12KCS2
12KCS3
14KCS1
14KCS2
14KCS3
16KCS2
16KCS3
16KCS4
16KCS5
18KCS2
18KCS3
18KCS4
18KCS5
20KCS2
20KCS3
20KCS4
20KCS5
22KCS2
22KCS3
22KCS4
22KCS5
24KCS2
24KCS3
24KCS4
24KCS5
26KCS2
26KCS3
26KCS4
26KCS5
28KCS2
28KCS3
28KCS4
28KCS5
30KCS3
30KCS4
30KCS5
10
10
10
12
12
12
14
14
14
16
16
16
16
18
18
18
18
20
20
20
20
22
22
22
22
24
24
24
24
26
26
26
26
28
28
28
28
30
30
30
172
225
296
209
274
362
247
324
428
349
470
720
934
395
532
817
1062
442
595
914
1191
488
658
1012
1319
534
720
1108
1448
580
783
1206
1576
626
846
1303
1704
908
1400
1833
2000
2500
3000
2400
3000
3500
2900
3400
3900
4000
4800
5300
5800
4700
5200
5700
6200
5200
6000
7900
8400
5900
6600
7900
8600
6300
7200
8400
8900
6600
7800
8500
9200
6900
8000
8500
9200
8000
8500
9200
6.0
7.5
10.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
6.5
8.0
10.0
8.5
10.5
14.5
18.0
9.0
11.0
15.0
18.5
9.5
11.5
16.5
20.0
10.0
12.5
16.5
20.5
10.0
12.5
16.5
20.5
10.0
12.5
16.5
20.5
10.5
12.5
16.5
20.5
13.0
16.5
21.0
29
37
47
43
55
71
59
77
99
99
128
192
245
127
164
247
316
159
205
308
396
194
251
377
485
232
301
453
584
274
355
536
691
320
414
626
808
478
722
934
BRIDGING
TABLE
SECTION
NUMBER
1
1
1
3
5
5
4
6
6
6
9
9
9
6
9
10
10
6
9
10
10
6
9
11
11
6
9
12
12
6
9
12
12
6
9
12
12
9
12
12
*MAXIMUM UNIFORMLY DISTRIBUTED LOAD CAPACITY IS 550 PLF AND SINGLE CONCENTRATED LOAD CANNOT
EXCEED SHEAR CAPACITY
**DOES NOT INCLUDE ACCESSORIES
64
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES AND
DEEP LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, DLH-SERIES
Adopted by the Steel Joist Institute February 15, 1978
Revised to November 10, 2003 - Effective March 01, 2005
SECTION 100.
SECTION 102.
SCOPE
MATERIALS
102.1 STEEL
The steel used in the manufacture of chord and web sections shall conform to one of the following ASTM
Specifications:
Carbon Structural Steel, ASTM A36/A36M.
SECTION 101.
DEFINITION
The term Longspan Steel Joists LH-Series and Deep
Longspan Steel Joists DLH-Series, as used herein, refers to
open web, load-carrying members utilizing hot-rolled or
cold-formed steel, including cold-formed steel whose yield
strength* has been attained by cold working. LH-Series are
suitable for the direct support of floors and roof decks in
buildings, and DLH-Series are suitable for direct support of
roof decks in buildings.
The design of LH- and DLH-Series joist chord and web sections shall be based on a yield strength of at least 36 ksi (250
MPa), but not greater than 50 ksi (345 MPa). Steel used for
LH- and DLH-Series joist chord or web sections shall have
a minimum yield strength determined in accordance with
one of the procedures specified in Section 102.2, which is
equal to the yield strength assumed in the design. LH- and
DLH-Series Joists shall be designed in accordance with
these specifications to support the loads given in the
Standard Load Tables for Longspan and Deep Longspan
Steel Joists, LH- and DLH-Series, attached hereto.
* The term Yield Strength as used herein shall designate the yield level of a material as determined by the
applicable method outlined in paragraph 13.1, Yield
Point and in paragraph 13.2, Yield Strength, of
ASTM Standard A370, Standard Test Methods and
Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products,
or as specified in Section 102.2 of this Specification.
65
E70XX
E70XX-X
F7XX-EXXX, F7XX-ECXXX flux electrode
ER70S-X, E70C-XC, E70C-XM
E7XT-X, E7XT-XM
F7XX-EXXX-XX, F7XX-ECXXX-XX
ER70S-XXX, E70C-XXX
E7XTX-X, E7XTX-XM
b) For connected members both having a specified minimum yield strength of 36 ksi (250 MPa) or one having a
specified minimum yield strength of 36 ksi (250 MPa),
and the other having a specified minimum yield strength
greater than 36 ksi (250 MPa).
AWS A5.1: E60XX
AWS A5.17: F6XX-EXXX, F6XX-ECXXX flux electrode
combination
AWS A5.20: E6XT-X, E6XT-XM
AWS A5.29: E6XTX-X, E6XT-XM
or any of those listed in Section 102.3(a).
Other welding methods, providing equivalent strength as
demonstrated by tests, may be used.
102.4 PAINT
The standard shop paint is intended to protect the steel for only
a short period of exposure in ordinary atmospheric conditions
and shall be considered an impermanent and provisional coating.
When specified, the standard shop paint shall conform to one
of the following:
a) Steel Structures Painting Council Specification, SSPC
No. 15
b) Or, shall be a shop paint which meets the minimum performance requirements of the above listed specification.
SECTION 103.
DESIGN AND
MANUFACTURE
103.1 METHOD
Joists shall be designed in accordance with these specifications as simply supported, uniformly loaded trusses supporting
a floor or roof deck so constructed as to brace the top chord
of the joists against lateral buckling. Where any applicable
design feature is not specifically covered herein, the design
shall be in accordance with the following specifications:
a) Where the steel used consists of hot-rolled shapes, bars
or plates, use the American Institute of Steel
Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings.
b) For members that are cold-formed from sheet or strip
steel, use the American Iron and Steel Institute, North
American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed
Steel Structural Members.
Design Basis:
Designs shall be made according to the provisions in this
Specification for either Load and Resistance Factor Design
(LRFD) or for Allowable Strength Design (ASD).
Load Combinations:
LRFD:
When load combinations are not specified to the joist
manufacturer, the required stress shall be computed for the
66
Kl
4.71
r
E
QFy
QF
y
When load combinations are not specified to the joist manufacturer, the required stress shall be computed based on
the load combinations as follows:
Fcr = Q 0.658
D
For members with
D + (L, or Lr, or S, or R)
Fe
Kl
Fy
> 4.71
r
(103.2-3)
E
QFy
Where:
D = dead load due to the weight of the structural elements
and the permanent features of the structure
Fcr = 0.877Fe
(103.2-4)
S = snow load
R = load due to initial rainwater or ice exclusive of the
ponding contribution
Fe =
E2
(103.2-5)
Kl
When special loads are specified and the specifying professional does not provide the load combinations, the provisions of ASCE 7, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
Other Structures shall be used for LRFD and ASD load
combinations.
(103.2-6)
(103.2-7)
In the above equations, l is taken as the distance in inches (millimeters) between panel points for the chord members and the appropriate length for web members, and r is
the corresponding least radius of gyration of the member
or any component thereof. E is equal to 29,000 ksi
(200,000 MPa).
fu
required stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn
nominal stress
ksi (MPa)
resistance factor
Fn
design stress
required stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn
nominal stress
ksi (MPa)
safety factor
Fn / =
allowable stress
Stresses:
(a) Tension: t = 0.90 (LRFD) t = 1.67 (ASD)
For Chords: Fy = 50 ksi (345 MPa)
For Webs: Fy = 50 ksi (345 MPa), or Fy = 36 ksi (250 MPa)
Design Stress = 0.9Fy (LRFD)
(103.2-1)
(103.2-2)
67
(103.2-8)
(103.2-9)
The effective slenderness ratio, K l/r*, to be used in calculating the nominal stresses Fcr and F'e, is the largest value as
determined from Table 103.3-1, Parts B and C.
(103.2-10)
(103.2-11)
(103.2-12)
(103.2-13)
(103.2-15)
ASD: w = 2.0
Allowable Shear Strength =
Rn/ w = FnwA/ w = 0.3Fexx A
(103.2-14)
LRFD: w = 0.75
(103.2-16)
68
69
103.4 MEMBERS
(a) Chords
The bottom chord shall be designed as an axially loaded
tension member.
The radius of gyration of the top chord about its vertical
axis shall not be less than l/170 where l is the spacing in
inches (millimeters) between lines of bridging as specified in Section 104.5(d)
The top chord shall be considered as stayed laterally by
the floor slab or roof deck provided the requirements of
Section 104.9(e) of this specification are met.
The top chord shall be designed as a continuous member subject to combined axial and bending stresses and
shall be so proportioned that
fa 8
+
Fa 9
For LRFD:
at the panel point:
fau + fbu
at the mid panel:
8
fau
+
cFcr 9
for
fau
cFcr
0.9Fy
Q bFy
1.0
(103.4-2)
fa
+
2Fa
Cmfb
QFb
fa
Fa
< 0.2,
Cmfb
1.67fa
1
F'e
(103.4-4)
0.2,
1.67fa
1
F'e
for
Cmfbu
fau
1 F'
c e
fa
Fa
for
(103.4-1)
0.2,
0.6Fy
QFb
1.0 (103.4-5)
1.0 (103.4-6)
fau
+
2 c Fcr
fau
cFcr
Cmfbu
fau
1
cF'e
< 0.2,
Q bFy
1.0
(103.4-3)
Kl
2
rx
70
103.5 CONNECTIONS
(a) Methods
Joist connections and splices shall be made by
attaching the members to one another by arc or resistance
welding or other accredited methods.
(1) Welded Connections
a) Selected welds shall be inspected visually by the
manufacturer. Prior to this inspection, weld slag
shall be removed.
b) Cracks are not acceptable and shall be repaired.
103.6 CAMBER
Joists shall have approximate cambers in accordance with
the following:
TABLE 103.6-1
Top Chord Length
20'-0"
(6096 mm)
Approximate Camber
1/4"
(6 mm)
30'-0"
(9144 mm)
3/8"
(10 mm)
40'-0"
(12192 mm)
5/8"
(16 mm)
50'-0"
(15240 mm)
1"
(25 mm)
60'-0"
(18288 mm)
1 1/2"
(38 mm)
70'-0"
(21336 mm)
2"
(51 mm)
80'-0"
(24384 mm)
2 3/4"
(70 mm)
90'-0"
(27432 mm)
3 1/2"
(89 mm)
100'-0"
(30480 mm)
4 1/4"
(108 mm)
110'-0"
(33528 mm)
5"
(127 mm)
120'-0"
(36576 mm)
6"
(152 mm)
130'-0"
(39621 mm)
7"
(178 mm)
140'-0"
(42672 mm)
8"
(203 mm)
144'-0"
(43890 mm)
8 1/2"
(216 mm)
g) Weld spatter that does not interfere with paint coverage is acceptable.
(2) Welding Program
Manufacturers shall have a program for establishing
weld procedures and operator qualification, and for
weld sampling and testing.
The specifying professional shall give consideration to coordinating joist camber with adjacent framing.
71
SECTION 104.
APPLICATION
104.1 USAGE
This specification shall apply to any type of structure where
floors and roofs are to be supported directly by steel joists
installed as hereinafter specified. Where joists are used
other than on simple spans under uniformly distributed loading as prescribed in Section 103.1, they shall be investigated and modified if necessary to limit the required stresses to
those listed in Section 103.2.
CAUTION: If a rigid connection of the bottom chord is to be
made to a column or other support, it shall be made only after
the application of the dead loads. The joist is then no longer
simply supported, and the system must be investigated for
continuous frame action by the specifying professional.
The designed detail of a rigid type connection and moment
plates shall be shown on the structural drawings by the specifying professional. The moment plates shall be furnished by
other than the joist manufacturer.
104.2 SPAN
The clear span of a joist shall not exceed 24 times its depth.
The term Span as used herein is defined as the clear span
plus 8 inches (203 millimeters).
104.3 DEPTH
The nominal depth of sloping chord joists shall be the depth at
mid-span. The standard slope of the top chord shall be 1/8
inch per foot (1:96).
72
104.5 BRIDGING
Top and bottom chord bridging is required and shall consist
of one or both of the following types.
(a) Horizontal
Horizontal bridging lines shall consist of continuous horizontal steel members. The l/r of the bridging member
shall not exceed 300, where l is the distance in inches
(millimeters) between attachments and r is the least
radius of gyration of the bridging member.
(b) Diagonal
Diagonal bridging shall consist of cross-bracing with a l/r
ratio of not more than 200, where l is the distance in
inches (millimeters) between connections, and r is the
least radius of gyration of the bridging member. Where
cross-bracing members are connected at their point of
intersection, the l distance shall be taken as the distance
in inches (millimeters) between connections at the point
of intersection of the bridging members and the connections to the chord of the joists.
(c) Bridging Lines
For spans up through 60 feet (18288 mm), welded horizontal bridging may be used except where the row of bridging
Table 104.5-1
MAX. SPACING
OF LINES OF
TOP CHORD
BRIDGING
LH-DLH
SECTION*
NUMBER
NOMINAL**
HORIZONTAL
BRACING
FORCE
lbs
(N)
(1779)
Ends of LH- and DLH-Series Joists resting on steel bearing plates on masonry or structural concrete shall be
attached thereto with a minimum of two 1/4 inch (6 millimeters) fillet welds 2 inches (51 millimeters) long, or with
two 3/4 inch (19 millimeters) ASTM A307 bolts (minimum), or the equivalent.
(b) Steel
Ends of LH- and DLH-Series Joists resting on steel supports shall be attached thereto with a minimum of two
1/4 inch (6 millimeters) fillet welds 2 inches (51 millimeters) long, or with two 3/4 inch (19 millimeters) ASTM
A307 bolts, or the equivalent. When LH/DLH series joists
are used to provide lateral stability to the supporting
member, the final connection shall be made by welding or
as designated by the specifying professional.
(c) Uplift
Where uplift forces are a design consideration, roof joists
shall be anchored to resist such forces (Refer to Section
104.12).
02,03,04
400
05,06
500
(2224)
07,08
650
(2891)
09,10
800
(3558)
11,12
1000
(4448)
13,14
1200
(5337)
15,16
1600
(7117)
17
1800
(8006)
18,19
2000
(8896)
(a) Material
(e) Connections
Connections to the chords of the steel joists shall be made
by positive mechanical means or by welding, and capable of
resisting a horizontal force not less than that specified in
Table 104.5-1.
(f) Bottom Chord Bearing Joists
Where bottom chord bearing joists are utilized, a row of
diagonal bridging shall be provided near the support(s). This
bridging shall be installed and anchored before the hoisting
cable(s) is released.
Floor and roof decks may consist of cast-in-place or precast concrete or gypsum, formed steel, wood, or other
suitable material capable of supporting the required load
at the specified joist spacing.
(b) Thickness
Cast-in-place slabs shall be not less than 2 inches (51
millimeters) thick.
(c) Centering
Centering for structural slabs may be ribbed metal lath,
corrugated steel sheets, paper-backed welded wire fabric,
removable centering or any other suitable material capable
of supporting the slab at the designated joist spacing.
Centering shall not cause lateral displacement or damage
to the top chord of joists during installation or removal of
the centering or placing of the concrete.
(d) Bearing
Slabs or decks shall bear uniformly along the top chords
of the joists.
73
(e) Attachments
The spacing of attachments along the top chord shall not
exceed 36 inches (914 millimeters). Such attachments
of the slab or deck to the top chords of joists shall be
capable of resisting the following forces:
Table 104.9-1
SECTION*
NUMBER
NOMINAL**
FORCE REQUIRED
02 to 04 incl.
05 to 09 incl.
10 to 17 incl.
18 and 19
74
The deflection due to the design live load shall not exceed
the following:
Floors: 1/360 of span.
Roofs: 1/360 of span where a plaster ceiling is attached
or suspended.
1/240 of span for all other cases.
The specifying professional shall give consideration to the
effects of deflection and vibration* in the selection of joists.
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute
Technical Digest #5, Vibration of Steel Joist-Concrete
Slab Floors and the Institutes Computer Vibration
Program.
104.11 PONDING*
The ponding investigation shall be performed by the specifying
professional.
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute
Technical Digest #3, Structural Design of Steel Joist
Roofs to Resist Ponding Loads and AISC Specifications.
104.12 UPLIFT
Where uplift forces due to wind are a design requirement,
these forces must be indicated on the contract drawings in
terms of NET uplift in pounds per square foot (Pascals). The
contract documents shall indicate if the net uplift is based on
ASD or LRFD. When these forces are specified, they must
be considered in the design of joists and/or bridging. A single line of bottom chord bridging must be provided near the
first bottom chord panel points whenever uplift due to wind
forces is a design consideration.*
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute
Technical Digest #6, Structural Design of Steel Joist
Roofs to Resist Uplift Loads.
104.13 INSPECTION
Joists shall be inspected by the manufacturer before shipment to verify compliance of materials and workmanship
with the requirements of these specifications. If the purchaser wishes an inspection of the steel joists by someone
other than the manufacturers own inspectors, they may
reserve the right to do so in their Invitation to Bid or the
accompanying Job Specifications.
Arrangements shall be made with the manufacturer for such
shop inspection of the joists at the manufacturing shop by
the purchasers inspectors at purchasers expense.
ERECTION STABILITY
AND HANDLING
When it is necessary for the erector to climb on the joists,
extreme caution must be exercised since unbridged joists
may exhibit some degree of instability under the erectors
weight.
(a) Stability Requirements
1) Before an employee is allowed on the steel joist:
BOTH ends of joists at columns (or joists designated
as column joists) shall be attached to its supports.
For all other joists a minimum of one end shall be
attached before the employee is allowed on the joist.
The attachment shall be in accordance with Section
104.7 End Anchorage.
When a bolted seat connection is used for erection
purposes, as a minimum, the bolts must be snug
tightened. The snug tight condition is defined as the
tightness that exists when all plies of a joint are in firm
contact. This may be attained by a few impacts of an
impact wrench or the full effort of an employee using
an ordinary spud wrench.
2) On steel joists that do not require erection bridging as
shown by the unshaded area of the Load Table, only
one employee shall be allowed on the joist unless all
bridging is installed and anchored.
* For a thorough coverage of this topic, refer to SJI
Technical Digest #9, Handling and Erection of Steel
Joists and Joist Girders.
3) Where the span of the steel joist is within the Red shaded
area of the Load Table, the following shall apply:
a) The row of bridging nearest the mid span of the steel
joist shall be bolted diagonal erection bridging; and
b) Hoisting cables shall not be released until this bolted diagonal erection bridging is installed and
anchored, unless an alternate method of stabilizing
the joist has been provided; and
c) No more than one employee shall be allowed on
these spans until all other bridging is installed and
anchored.
4) Where the span of the steel joist is within the Blue
shaded area of the Load Table, the following shall apply:
a) All rows of bridging shall be bolted diagonal bridging;
and
b) Hoisting cables shall not be released until the two
rows of bolted diagonal erection bridging nearest the
third points of the steel joist are installed and
anchored; and
75
(d) Handling
Particular attention should be paid to the erection of
Longspan and Deep Longspan Steel Joists. Care shall
be exercised at all times to avoid damage to the joists
and accessories.
Each joist shall be adequately braced laterally before any
loads are applied. If lateral support is provided by bridging, the bridging lines as defined in Section 105(a), paragraphs 2, 3, 4 and 5, must be anchored to prevent lateral movement.
(e) Fall Arrest Systems
Steel joists shall not be used as anchorage points for a
fall arrest system unless written approval to do so is
obtained from a qualified person (2).
(2)
76
Where the joist span is in the RED SHADED area of the load
table, the row of bridging nearest the midspan shall be diagonal bridging with bolted connections at chords and intersection. Hoisting cables shall not be released until this row of bolted diagonal bridging is completely installed.
Where the joist span is in the BLUE SHADED area of the
load table, all rows of bridging shall be diagonal bridging
with bolted connections at chords and intersection.
Hoisting cables shall not be released until the two rows of
bridging nearest the third points are completely installed.
The approximate moment of inertia of the joist, in inches4 is;
Ij = 26.767(WLL)(L3)(10-6 ), where WLL= RED figure in the Load
Table, and L = (clear span + 0.67) in feet.
When holes are required in top or bottom chords, the carrying
capacities must be reduced in proportion to the reduction of
chord areas.
The top chords are considered as being stayed laterally by
floor slab or roof deck.
The approximate joist weights per linear foot shown in these
tables do not include accessories.
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
18LH02
Approx. Wt Depth
in Lbs. Per
in
Linear Ft
inches
(Joists only)
10
18
SAFE LOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
21-24
18000
18LH03
11
18
19950
18LH04
12
18
23250
18LH05
15
18
26250
18LH06
15
18
31050
18LH07
17
18
32250
18LH08
19
18
33600
18LH09
21
18
36000
20LH02
10
20
22-24
16950
20LH03
11
20
18000
20LH04
12
20
22050
20LH05
14
20
23700
20LH06
15
20
31650
20LH07
17
20
33750
20LH08
19
20
34800
20LH09
21
20
38100
20LH10
23
20
41100
26
663
284
739
317
856
367
972
414
1123
469
1213
513
1264
534
1351
571
26
655
303
694
333
849
406
913
437
1186
561
1267
599
1309
619
1429
675
1542
724
27
627
259
700
289
802
329
921
378
1044
419
1170
476
1218
496
1302
527
27
646
298
687
317
837
386
903
416
1144
521
1221
556
1263
575
1377
626
1486
673
28
586
234
657
262
750
296
871
345
972
377
1089
428
1176
462
1257
491
28
615
274
678
302
792
352
892
395
1084
477
1179
518
1219
536
1329
581
1434
626
29
550
212
613
236
703
266
814
311
907
340
1017
386
1137
427
1215
458
29
582
250
651
280
744
320
856
366
1018
427
1140
484
1177
500
1284
542
1386
585
30
517
193
573
213
660
242
762
282
849
307
952
349
1075
387
1174
418
30
547
228
621
258
700
291
816
337
952
386
1066
438
1140
468
1242
507
1341
545
31
486
175
538
194
619
219
714
256
796
280
892
317
1020
351
1138
380
31
516
208
592
238
660
265
769
308
894
351
1000
398
1083
428
1203
475
1297
510
32
33
34
35
36
459 433 409 388 367
160 147 135 124 114
505 475 448 424 400
177 161 148 136 124
582 547 516 487 462
200 182 167 153 141
672 631 595 562 532
233 212 195 179 164
748 705 664 627 594
254 232 212 195 180
838 789 744 703 666
288 264 241 222 204
961 906 856 810 768
320 292 267 246 226
1069 1006 949 897 849
346 316 289 266 245
32
33
34
35
36
37
487 460 436 412 393 373
190 174 160 147 136 126
558 528 499 474 448 424
218 200 184 169 156 143
624 589 558 529 502 477
243 223 205 189 174 161
726 687 651 616 585 556
281 258 238 219 202 187
840 790 745 703 666 631
320 292 267 246 226 209
940 885 834 789 745 706
362 331 303 278 256 236
1030 981 931 882 837 795
395 365 336 309 285 262
1167 1132 1068 1009 954 904
437 399 366 336 309 285
1258 1221 1186 1122 1060 1005
479 448 411 377 346 320
38
355
117
403
133
454
149
529
173
598
192
670
218
754
242
858
264
954
296
39
337
108
382
123
433
139
504
161
568
178
637
202
718
225
816
244
906
274
40
322
101
364
114
412
129
481
150
541
165
606
187
685
209
775
227
862
254
77
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
24LH03
Approx. Wt Depth
in Lbs. Per
in
Linear Ft.
inches
(Joists only)
11
24
SAFELOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
28-32
17250
24LH04
12
24
21150
24LH05
13
24
22650
24LH06
16
24
30450
24LH07
17
24
33450
24LH08
18
24
35700
24LH09
21
24
42000
24LH10
23
24
44400
24LH11
25
24
46800
28LH05
13
28
33-40
21000
28LH06
16
28
27900
28LH07
17
28
31500
28LH08
18
28
33750
28LH09
21
28
41550
28LH10
23
28
45450
28LH11
25
28
48750
28LH12
27
28
53550
28LH13
30
28
55800
32LH06
14
32
38-46 47-48
25050 25050
32LH07
16
32
28200 28200
32LH08
17
32
30600 30600
32LH09
21
32
38400 38400
32LH10
21
32
42450 42450
32LH11
24
32
46500 46500
32LH12
27
32
54600 54600
32LH13
30
32
60900 60900
32LH14
33
32
62700 62700
32LH15
35
32
64800 64800
36LH07
16
36
42-46 47-56
25200 25200
36LH08
18
36
27750 27750
36LH09
21
36
35550 35550
36LH10
21
36
39150 39150
36LH11
23
36
42750 42750
36LH12
25
36
51150 51150
36LH13
30
36
60150 60150
36LH14
36
36
66300 66300
36LH15
36
36
69900 69900
34
508
226
597
265
669
297
868
382
957
421
1015
447
1212
530
1284
559
1350
588
42
484
205
643
270
726
305
775
325
958
400
1056
439
1143
475
1255
520
1311
543
50
489
199
549
223
595
242
747
302
825
332
903
363
1068
428
1201
480
1239
495
1279
511
58
424
168
466
185
597
235
660
260
720
283
862
338
1012
395
1132
434
1192
464
35
504
218
568
246
660
285
832
356
919
393
973
416
1177
501
1248
528
1312
555
43
465
192
618
253
696
285
744
305
918
375
1018
414
1104
448
1227
496
1281
518
51
472
189
529
211
574
229
720
285
796
315
870
343
1032
406
1177
461
1215
476
1255
492
59
411
160
453
176
579
224
639
248
697
269
835
322
981
376
1093
412
1171
448
78
36
484
204
540
227
628
264
795
331
882
367
933
388
1146
460
1213
500
1276
525
44
445
180
592
238
667
267
712
285
879
351
976
388
1066
423
1200
476
1252
495
52
456
179
511
200
553
216
694
270
768
297
840
325
996
384
1156
444
1192
458
1231
473
60
399
153
439
168
561
214
619
236
676
257
810
307
951
359
1059
392
1153
434
37
460
188
514
210
598
244
756
306
847
343
895
362
1096
424
1182
474
1243
498
45
429
169
568
223
640
251
684
268
844
329
937
364
1023
397
1173
454
1224
472
53
441
169
493
189
535
205
670
256
742
282
811
308
961
364
1113
420
1170
440
1207
454
61
387
146
426
160
544
204
601
225
657
246
784
292
922
342
1024
373
1116
413
38
439
175
490
195
570
226
720
284
811
320
858
338
1044
393
1152
439
1210
472
46
412
159
546
209
615
236
657
252
810
309
900
342
982
373
1149
435
1198
452
54
426
161
477
179
517
194
648
243
717
267
783
292
928
345
1072
397
1149
417
1186
438
62
376
140
414
153
528
195
583
215
637
234
762
279
894
327
991
356
1081
394
39
418
162
468
182
544
210
685
263
774
297
817
314
994
363
1105
406
1180
449
47
397
150
525
197
591
222
630
236
778
291
864
322
943
351
1105
408
1173
433
55
412
153
462
170
499
184
627
230
693
254
757
277
897
327
1035
376
1107
395
1164
422
63
366
134
402
146
513
186
567
206
618
224
739
267
868
312
961
339
1047
375
40
400
152
447
169
520
196
655
245
736
276
780
292
948
337
1053
378
1152
418
48
382
142
505
186
568
209
604
222
748
274
831
303
907
331
1063
383
1149
415
56
399
145
447
162
483
175
606
219
667
240
732
263
867
311
999
354
1069
374
1144
407
64
355
128
390
140
499
179
550
197
601
214
717
255
843
298
931
323
1015
358
41
42
43
44
382
366
351
336
141
132
124
116
427
409
393
376
158
148
138
130
496
475
456
436
182
171
160
150
625
598
571
546
228
211
197
184
702
669
639
610
257
239
223
208
745
712
682
652
272
254
238
222
903
861
822
786
313
292
272
254
1002 955
912
873
351
326
304
285
1101 1051 1006 963
388
361
337
315
49
50
51
52
367
355
342
330
133
126
119
113
486
469
451
436
175
166
156
148
547
528
508
490
197
186
176
166
580
556
535
516
209
196
185
175
721
694
669
645
258
243
228
216
799
769
742
715
285
269
255
241
873
841
810
781
312
294
278
263
1023 984
948
913
361
340
321
303
1126 1083 1041 1002
396
373
352
332
57
58
59
60
385
373
363
351
138
131
125
119
432
418
406
393
154
146
140
133
468
453
439
426
167
159
151
144
586
568
550
534
208
198
189
180
645
624
603
583
228
217
206
196
709
687
664
643
251
239
227
216
838
811
786
762
295
281
267
255
964
931
900
871
336
319
304
288
1032 997
964
933
355
337
321
304
1125 1087 1051 1017
393
374
355
338
65
66
67
68
345
336
327
318
122
117
112
107
379
369
358
349
134
128
123
118
484
471
459
445
171
163
157
150
535
520
507
492
188
180
173
165
583
567
552
537
205
196
188
180
696
675
655
636
243
232
222
213
819
796
774
753
285
273
262
251
903
876
850
826
309
295
283
270
984
955
927
900
342
327
312
299
45
322
109
361
122
420
141
522
172
583
195
625
208
751
238
834
266
924
294
53
319
107
421
140
474
158
496
165
622
204
690
228
753
249
880
285
964
314
61
340
114
381
127
412
137
517
172
564
186
624
206
738
243
843
275
903
290
984
322
69
310
103
340
113
433
144
480
159
522
173
618
204
732
240
802
259
874
286
46
310
102
346
114
403
132
501
161
559
182
600
196
720
223
799
249
885
276
54
309
102
406
133
457
150
478
156
601
193
666
215
727
236
849
270
930
297
62
330
108
370
121
400
131
502
164
546
178
604
196
715
232
816
262
874
276
952
306
70
301
99
331
109
423
138
466
152
508
166
600
195
712
231
780
247
850
274
47
298
96
333
107
387
124
480
152
535
171
576
184
690
209
766
234
850
259
55
298
97
393
126
442
142
462
148
580
183
643
204
702
223
819
256
897
281
63
321
104
360
116
388
125
487
157
529
169
585
187
694
221
790
249
846
264
924
292
71
294
95
322
104
412
133
454
146
495
159
583
187
694
222
757
237
826
263
48
286
90
321
101
372
117
460
142
514
161
553
173
661
196
735
220
816
243
56
289
92
379
120
427
135
445
140
561
173
622
193
679
212
790
243
865
266
64
312
99
349
111
378
120
472
149
513
162
567
179
673
211
766
238
820
251
895
279
72
286
91
313
100
400
127
442
140
483
153
567
179
676
213
738
228
804
252
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Approx. Wt
in Lbs. Per
Linear Ft.
Depth
in
inches
40LH08
(Joists Only)
16
40
SAFELOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
47-59 60-64
24900 24900
40LH09
21
40
32700 32700
40LH10
21
40
36000 36000
40LH11
22
40
39300 39300
40LH12
25
40
47850 47850
40LH13
30
40
56400 56400
40LH14
35
40
64500 64500
40LH15
36
40
72150 72150
40LH16
42
40
79500 79500
44LH09
19
44
52-59 60-72
30000 30000
44LH10
21
44
33150 33150
44LH11
22
44
35850 35850
44LH12
25
44
44400 44400
44LH13
30
44
52650 52650
44LH14
31
44
60600 60600
44LH15
36
44
70500 70500
44LH16
42
44
81300 81300
44LH17
47
44
87300 87300
48LH10
21
48
56-59 60-80
30000 30000
48LH11
22
48
32550 32550
48LH12
25
48
41100 41100
48LH13
29
48
49200 49200
48LH14
32
48
58050 58050
48LH15
36
48
66750 66750
48LH16
42
48
76950 76950
48LH17
47
48
86400 86400
66
370
144
484
188
535
207
582
224
708
273
835
320
957
367
1068
408
1194
455
74
397
152
439
168
475
181
589
224
699
265
801
302
934
352
1078
405
1170
438
82
361
136
390
147
493
185
589
221
696
260
799
298
922
343
1035
383
67
361
138
472
180
520
198
567
215
688
261
813
307
930
351
1036
390
1176
441
75
388
146
429
162
465
175
574
215
681
254
780
291
912
339
1051
390
1153
426
83
354
132
382
142
483
179
576
213
681
251
781
287
901
331
1012
371
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
351
342
333
325
316
309
301
132
127
122
117
112
108
104
459
447
436
424
414
403
394
173
166
160
153
147
141
136
507
493
481
469
457
445
435
190
183
176
169
162
156
150
552
537
523
510
498
484
472
207
198
190
183
176
169
163
670
652
636
619
603
588
573
251
241
231
222
213
205
197
792
771
750
730
712
694
676
295
283
271
260
250
241
231
904
880
856
834
813
792
772
336
323
309
297
285
273
263
1006 978
949
924
898
874
850
373
357
342
328
315
302
290
1158 1141 1126 1095 1065 1036 1009
428
416
404
387
371
356
342
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
379
370
363
354
346
339
331
141
136
131
127
122
118
114
418
408
399
390
381
373
364
155
150
144
139
134
130
125
453
442
433
423
414
403
396
168
162
157
151
146
140
136
561
547
534
520
508
496
484
207
200
192
185
179
172
166
666
649
634
619
606
592
579
246
236
228
220
212
205
198
759
739
721
703
685
669
654
279
268
259
249
240
231
223
889
868
847
826
805
786
768
326
314
303
292
281
271
261
1026 1002 978
955
933
912
891
375
362
348
336
324
313
302
1138 1125 1098 1072 1048 1024 1000
415
405
390
376
363
351
338
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
346
339
331
325
318
312
306
127
123
119
116
112
108
105
373
366
358
351
343
337
330
137
133
129
125
120
117
113
472
462
451
442
433
424
415
173
167
161
156
151
147
142
564
552
540
529
517
507
498
206
199
193
187
180
175
170
666
651
637
624
610
598
585
243
234
227
220
212
206
199
765
748
732
717
702
687
672
278
269
260
252
244
236
228
882
864
844
826
810
792
777
320
310
299
289
280
271
263
990
969
948
928
909
889
871
358
346
335
324
314
304
294
* The safe factored uniform load for the clear spans shown in
the Safe Load Column is equal to (Safe Load) / (Clear span
+ 0.67). (The added 0.67 feet (8 inches) is required to
obtain the proper length on which the Load Tables were
developed).
In no case shall the safe factored uniform load, for clear
spans less than the minimum clear span shown in the Safe
Load Column, exceed the uniform load calculated for the
minimum clear span listed in the Safe Load Column.
75
294
100
384
131
424
144
462
157
559
189
660
223
753
252
828
279
982
329
83
324
110
357
121
387
131
472
160
565
191
637
215
750
252
870
291
978
327
91
300
102
324
110
408
138
487
164
574
193
658
221
760
255
853
285
76
288
97
375
126
414
139
450
151
546
182
643
214
735
243
807
268
957
316
84
316
106
349
117
378
127
462
155
553
185
622
207
732
243
852
282
957
316
92
294
99
318
106
399
133
477
159
562
187
645
214
745
247
837
276
77
280
93
366
122
403
134
439
145
532
176
628
207
717
233
786
258
933
304
85
310
103
342
113
370
123
450
149
541
179
609
200
714
234
832
272
936
305
93
288
96
312
103
391
129
468
154
550
181
633
208
730
239
820
268
78
274
90
358
118
393
129
429
140
519
169
613
199
699
225
766
248
909
292
86
303
99
334
110
363
119
439
144
529
173
594
193
699
227
814
263
915
295
94
282
93
306
100
384
126
459
150
540
176
619
201
715
232
804
260
79
267
86
349
113
382
124
418
135
507
163
598
192
682
216
747
239
886
282
87
297
96
327
106
354
115
430
139
519
167
580
187
682
219
796
255
895
285
95
277
90
300
97
376
122
450
145
529
171
607
195
702
225
787
252
80
261
83
342
109
373
119
409
130
495
157
585
185
666
209
729
230
864
271
88
291
93
321
103
348
111
420
134
507
161
568
181
667
211
780
246
876
276
96
271
87
294
94
369
118
441
141
519
165
595
189
688
218
772
245
To solve for live loads for clear spans shown in the Safe Load
Column (or lesser clear spans), multiply the live load of the
shortest clear span shown in the Load Table by the (the
shortest clear span shown in the Load Table + 0.67 feet)2 and
divide by (the actual clear span + 0.67 feet) 2. The live load
shall not exceed the safe uniform load.
79
Where the joist span is in the RED SHADED area of the load
table, the row of bridging nearest the midspan shall be diagonal bridging with bolted connections at chords and intersection. Hoisting cables shall not be released until this row
of bolted diagonal bridging is completely installed.
Where the joist span is in the BLUE SHADED area of the
load table, all rows of bridging shall be diagonal bridging
with bolted connections at chords and intersection. Hoisting
cables shall not be released until the two rows of bridging
nearest the third points are completely installed.
The approximate moment of inertia of the joist, in inches4 is;
Ij = 26.767(WLL)(L3)(10-6 ), where WLL= RED figure in the
Load Table, and L = (clear span + 0.67) in feet.
When holes are required in top or bottom chords, the carrying capacities must be reduced in proportion to the reduction of chord areas.
The top chords are considered as being stayed laterally by
floor slab or roof deck.
The approximate joist weights per linear foot shown in these
tables do not include accessories.
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Depth
in
inches
18LH02
Approx. Wt
in Lbs. Per
Linear Ft
(Joists only)
10
18
SAFE LOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
21-24
12000
18LH03
11
18
13300
18LH04
12
18
15500
18LH05
15
18
17500
18LH06
15
18
20700
18LH07
17
18
21500
18LH08
19
18
22400
18LH09
21
18
24000
20LH02
10
20
22-24
11300
20LH03
11
20
12000
20LH04
12
20
14700
20LH05
14
20
15800
20LH06
15
20
21100
20LH07
17
20
22500
20LH08
19
20
23200
20LH09
21
20
25400
20LH10
23
20
27400
Joist
Designation
80
27
418
259
467
289
535
329
614
378
696
419
780
476
812
496
868
527
27
431
298
458
317
558
386
602
416
763
521
814
556
842
575
918
626
991
673
28
391
234
438
262
500
296
581
345
648
377
726
428
784
462
838
491
28
410
274
452
302
528
352
595
395
723
477
786
518
813
536
886
581
956
626
29
367
212
409
236
469
266
543
311
605
340
678
386
758
427
810
458
29
388
250
434
280
496
320
571
366
679
427
760
484
785
500
856
542
924
585
30
345
193
382
213
440
242
508
282
566
307
635
349
717
387
783
418
30
365
228
414
258
467
291
544
337
635
386
711
438
760
468
828
507
894
545
31
324
175
359
194
413
219
476
256
531
280
595
317
680
351
759
380
31
344
208
395
238
440
265
513
308
596
351
667
398
722
428
802
475
865
510
32
306
160
337
177
388
200
448
233
499
254
559
288
641
320
713
346
32
325
190
372
218
416
243
484
281
560
320
627
362
687
395
778
437
839
479
33
289
147
317
161
365
182
421
212
470
232
526
264
604
292
671
316
33
307
174
352
200
393
223
458
258
527
292
590
331
654
365
755
399
814
448
34
273
135
299
148
344
167
397
195
443
212
496
241
571
267
633
289
34
291
160
333
184
372
205
434
238
497
267
556
303
621
336
712
366
791
411
35
259
124
283
136
325
153
375
179
418
195
469
222
540
246
598
266
35
275
147
316
169
353
189
411
219
469
246
526
278
588
309
673
336
748
377
36
245
114
267
124
308
141
355
164
396
180
444
204
512
226
566
245
36
262
136
299
156
335
174
390
202
444
226
497
256
558
285
636
309
707
346
37
249
126
283
143
318
161
371
187
421
209
471
236
530
262
603
285
670
320
38
237
117
269
133
303
149
353
173
399
192
447
218
503
242
572
264
636
296
39
225
108
255
123
289
139
336
161
379
178
425
202
479
225
544
244
604
274
40
215
101
243
114
275
129
321
150
361
165
404
187
457
209
517
227
575
254
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Approx. Wt
in Lbs. Per
Linear Ft.
(Joists only)
Depth
in
inches
SAFELOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
24LH03
11
24
28-32
11500
24LH04
12
24
14100
24LH05
13
24
15100
24LH06
16
24
20300
24LH07
17
24
22300
24LH08
18
24
23800
24LH09
21
24
28000
24LH10
23
24
29600
24LH11
25
24
31200
28LH05
13
28
33-40
14000
28LH06
16
28
18600
28LH07
17
28
21000
28LH08
18
28
22500
28LH09
21
28
27700
28LH10
23
28
30300
28LH11
25
28
32500
28LH12
27
28
35700
28LH13
30
28
37200
32LH06
14
32
38-46 47-48
16700 16700
32LH07
16
32
18800 18800
32LH08
17
32
20400 20400
32LH09
21
32
25600 25600
32LH10
21
32
28300 28300
32LH11
24
32
31000 31000
32LH12
27
32
36400 36400
32LH13
30
32
40600 40600
32LH14
33
32
41800 41800
32LH15
35
32
43200 43200
36LH07
16
36
42-46 47-56
16800 16800
36LH08
18
36
18500 18500
36LH09
21
36
23700 23700
36LH10
21
36
26100 26100
36LH11
23
36
28500 28500
36LH12
25
36
34100 34100
36LH13
30
36
40100 40100
36LH14
36
36
44200 44200
36LH15
36
36
46600 46600
34
339
226
398
265
446
297
579
382
638
421
677
447
808
530
856
559
900
588
42
323
205
429
270
484
305
517
325
639
400
704
439
762
475
837
520
874
543
50
326
199
366
223
397
242
498
302
550
332
602
363
712
428
801
480
826
495
853
511
58
283
168
311
185
398
235
440
260
480
283
575
338
675
395
755
434
795
464
35
336
218
379
246
440
285
555
356
613
393
649
416
785
501
832
528
875
555
43
310
192
412
253
464
285
496
305
612
375
679
414
736
448
818
496
854
518
51
315
189
353
211
383
229
480
285
531
315
580
343
688
406
785
461
810
476
837
492
59
274
160
302
176
386
224
426
248
465
269
557
322
654
376
729
412
781
448
36
323
204
360
227
419
264
530
331
588
367
622
388
764
460
809
500
851
525
44
297
180
395
238
445
267
475
285
586
351
651
388
711
423
800
476
835
495
52
304
179
341
200
369
216
463
270
512
297
560
325
664
384
771
444
795
458
821
473
60
266
153
293
168
374
214
413
236
451
257
540
307
634
359
706
392
769
434
37
307
188
343
210
399
244
504
306
565
343
597
362
731
424
788
474
829
498
45
286
169
379
223
427
251
456
268
563
329
625
364
682
397
782
454
816
472
53
294
169
329
189
357
205
447
256
495
282
541
308
641
364
742
420
780
440
805
454
61
258
146
284
160
363
204
401
225
438
246
523
292
615
342
683
373
744
413
38
293
175
327
195
380
226
480
284
541
320
572
338
696
393
768
439
807
472
46
275
159
364
209
410
236
438
252
540
309
600
342
655
373
766
435
799
452
54
284
161
318
179
345
194
432
243
478
267
522
292
619
345
715
397
766
417
791
438
62
251
140
276
153
352
195
389
215
425
234
508
279
596
327
661
356
721
394
39
279
162
312
182
363
210
457
263
516
297
545
314
663
363
737
406
787
449
47
265
150
350
197
394
222
420
236
519
291
576
322
629
351
737
408
782
433
55
275
153
308
170
333
184
418
230
462
254
505
277
598
327
690
376
738
395
776
422
63
244
134
268
146
342
186
378
206
412
224
493
267
579
312
641
339
698
375
40
267
152
298
169
347
196
437
245
491
276
520
292
632
337
702
378
768
418
48
255
142
337
186
379
209
403
222
499
274
554
303
605
331
709
383
766
415
56
266
145
298
162
322
175
404
219
445
240
488
263
578
311
666
354
713
374
763
407
64
237
128
260
140
333
179
367
197
401
214
478
255
562
298
621
323
677
358
41
255
141
285
158
331
182
417
228
468
257
497
272
602
313
668
351
734
388
49
245
133
324
175
365
197
387
209
481
258
533
285
582
312
682
361
751
396
57
257
138
288
154
312
167
391
208
430
228
473
251
559
295
643
336
688
355
750
393
65
230
122
253
134
323
171
357
188
389
205
464
243
546
285
602
309
656
342
42
244
132
273
148
317
171
399
211
446
239
475
254
574
292
637
326
701
361
50
237
126
313
166
352
186
371
196
463
243
513
269
561
294
656
340
722
373
58
249
131
279
146
302
159
379
198
416
217
458
239
541
281
621
319
665
337
725
374
66
224
117
246
128
314
163
347
180
378
196
450
232
531
273
584
295
637
327
43
234
124
262
138
304
160
381
197
426
223
455
238
548
272
608
304
671
337
51
228
119
301
156
339
176
357
185
446
228
495
255
540
278
632
321
694
352
59
242
125
271
140
293
151
367
189
402
206
443
227
524
267
600
304
643
321
701
355
67
218
112
239
123
306
157
338
173
368
188
437
222
516
262
567
283
618
312
44
224
116
251
130
291
150
364
184
407
208
435
222
524
254
582
285
642
315
52
220
113
291
148
327
166
344
175
430
216
477
241
521
263
609
303
668
332
60
234
119
262
133
284
144
356
180
389
196
429
216
508
255
581
288
622
304
678
338
68
212
107
233
118
297
150
328
165
358
180
424
213
502
251
551
270
600
299
45
215
109
241
122
280
141
348
172
389
195
417
208
501
238
556
266
616
294
53
213
107
281
140
316
158
331
165
415
204
460
228
502
249
587
285
643
314
61
227
114
254
127
275
137
345
172
376
186
416
206
492
243
562
275
602
290
656
322
69
207
103
227
113
289
144
320
159
348
173
412
204
488
240
535
259
583
286
46
207
102
231
114
269
132
334
161
373
182
400
196
480
223
533
249
590
276
54
206
102
271
133
305
150
319
156
401
193
444
215
485
236
566
270
620
297
62
220
108
247
121
267
131
335
164
364
178
403
196
477
232
544
262
583
276
635
306
70
201
99
221
109
282
138
311
152
339
166
400
195
475
231
520
247
567
274
47
199
96
222
107
258
124
320
152
357
171
384
184
460
209
511
234
567
259
55
199
97
262
126
295
142
308
148
387
183
429
204
468
223
546
256
598
281
63
214
104
240
116
259
125
325
157
353
169
390
187
463
221
527
249
564
264
616
292
71
196
95
215
104
275
133
303
146
330
159
389
187
463
222
505
237
551
263
48
191
90
214
101
248
117
307
142
343
161
369
173
441
196
490
220
544
243
56
193
92
253
120
285
135
297
140
374
173
415
193
453
212
527
243
577
266
64
208
99
233
111
252
120
315
149
342
162
378
179
449
211
511
238
547
251
597
279
72
191
91
209
100
267
127
295
140
322
153
378
179
451
213
492
228
536
252
81
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Approx. Wt Depth
in Lbs. Per
in
Linear Ft.
inches
SAFELOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
40LH08
(Joists Only)
16
40
47-59
16600
60-64
16600
40LH09
21
40
21800
21800
40LH10
21
40
24000
24000
40LH11
22
40
26200
26200
40LH12
25
40
31900
31900
40LH13
30
40
37600
37600
40LH14
35
40
43000
43000
40LH15
36
40
48100
48100
40LH16
42
40
53000
53000
44LH09
19
44
52-59
20000
60-72
20000
44LH10
21
44
22100
22100
44LH11
22
44
23900
23900
44LH12
25
44
29600
29600
44LH13
30
44
35100
35100
44LH14
31
44
40400
40400
44LH15
36
44
47000
47000
44LH16
42
44
54200
54200
44LH17
47
44
58200
58200
48LH10
21
48
56-59
20000
60-80
20000
48LH11
22
48
21700
21700
48LH12
25
48
27400
27400
48LH13
29
48
32800
32800
48LH14
32
48
38700
38700
48LH15
36
48
44500
44500
48LH16
42
48
51300
51300
48LH17
47
48
57600
57600
66
247
144
323
188
357
207
388
224
472
273
557
320
638
367
712
408
796
455
74
265
152
293
168
317
181
393
224
466
265
534
302
623
352
719
405
780
438
82
241
136
260
147
329
185
393
221
464
260
533
298
615
343
690
383
67
241
138
315
180
347
198
378
215
459
261
542
307
620
351
691
390
784
441
75
259
146
286
162
310
175
383
215
454
254
520
291
608
339
701
390
769
426
83
236
132
255
142
322
179
384
213
454
251
521
287
601
331
675
371
68
234
132
306
173
338
190
368
207
447
251
528
295
603
336
671
373
772
428
76
253
141
279
155
302
168
374
207
444
246
506
279
593
326
684
375
759
415
84
231
127
249
137
315
173
376
206
444
243
510
278
588
320
660
358
* The safe uniform load for the clear spans shown in the Safe
Load Column is equal to (Safe Load) / (Clear span + 0.67).
(The added 0.67 feet (8 inches) is required to obtain the proper length on which the Load Tables were developed).
In no case shall the safe uniform load, for clear spans less
than the minimum clear span shown in the Safe Load
Column, exceed the uniform load calculated for the minimum
clear span listed in the Safe Load Column.
82
69
228
127
298
166
329
183
358
198
435
241
514
283
587
323
652
357
761
416
77
247
136
272
150
295
162
365
200
433
236
493
268
579
314
668
362
750
405
85
226
123
244
133
308
167
368
199
434
234
499
269
576
310
646
346
70
222
122
291
160
321
176
349
190
424
231
500
271
571
309
633
342
751
404
78
242
131
266
144
289
157
356
192
423
228
481
259
565
303
652
348
732
390
86
221
119
239
129
301
161
360
193
425
227
488
260
563
299
632
335
71
217
117
283
153
313
169
340
183
413
222
487
260
556
297
616
328
730
387
79
236
127
260
139
282
151
347
185
413
220
469
249
551
292
637
336
715
376
87
217
116
234
125
295
156
353
187
416
220
478
252
551
289
619
324
72
211
112
276
147
305
162
332
176
402
213
475
250
542
285
599
315
710
371
80
231
122
254
134
276
146
339
179
404
212
457
240
537
281
622
324
699
363
88
212
112
229
120
289
151
345
180
407
212
468
244
540
280
606
314
73
206
108
269
141
297
156
323
169
392
205
463
241
528
273
583
302
691
356
81
226
118
249
130
269
140
331
172
395
205
446
231
524
271
608
313
683
351
89
208
108
225
117
283
147
338
175
399
206
458
236
528
271
593
304
74
201
104
263
136
290
150
315
163
382
197
451
231
515
263
567
290
673
342
82
221
114
243
125
264
136
323
166
386
198
436
223
512
261
594
302
667
338
90
204
105
220
113
277
142
332
170
390
199
448
228
518
263
581
294
75
196
100
256
131
283
144
308
157
373
189
440
223
502
252
552
279
655
329
83
216
110
238
121
258
131
315
160
377
191
425
215
500
252
580
291
652
327
91
200
102
216
110
272
138
325
164
383
193
439
221
507
255
569
285
76
192
97
250
126
276
139
300
151
364
182
429
214
490
243
538
268
638
316
84
211
106
233
117
252
127
308
155
369
185
415
207
488
243
568
282
638
316
92
196
99
212
106
266
133
318
159
375
187
430
214
497
247
558
276
77
187
93
244
122
269
134
293
145
355
176
419
207
478
233
524
258
622
304
85
207
103
228
113
247
123
300
149
361
179
406
200
476
234
555
272
624
305
93
192
96
208
103
261
129
312
154
367
181
422
208
487
239
547
268
78
183
90
239
118
262
129
286
140
346
169
409
199
466
225
511
248
606
292
86
202
99
223
110
242
119
293
144
353
173
396
193
466
227
543
263
610
295
94
188
93
204
100
256
126
306
150
360
176
413
201
477
232
536
260
79
178
86
233
113
255
124
279
135
338
163
399
192
455
216
498
239
591
282
87
198
96
218
106
236
115
287
139
346
167
387
187
455
219
531
255
597
285
95
185
90
200
97
251
122
300
145
353
171
405
195
468
225
525
252
80
174
83
228
109
249
119
273
130
330
157
390
185
444
209
486
230
576
271
88
194
93
214
103
232
111
280
134
338
161
379
181
445
211
520
246
584
276
96
181
87
196
94
246
118
294
141
346
165
397
189
459
218
515
245
To solve for live loads for clear spans shown in the Safe Load
Column (or lesser clear spans), multiply the live load of the
shortest clear span shown in the Load Table by the (the shortest clear span shown in the Load Table + 0.67 feet)2 and
divide by (the actual clear span + 0.67 feet)2. The live load
shall not exceed the safe uniform load.
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE FOR DEEP LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, DLH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Approx. Wt Depth SAFELOAD*
Joist
in
in Lbs.
Designation in Lbs. Per
Linear Ft
inches Between
(Joists only)
89
61-88
52DLH10
25
52
447
40050
171
52DLH11
26
52
43950
490
187
52DLH12
29
52
49050
547
204
59550
52DLH13
34
52
664
247
52DLH14
39
52
68100
760
276
52DLH15
42
52
76500
853
311
52DLH16
45
52
82500
921
346
52DLH17
52
52
94950
1059
395
97
66-96
42150
56DLH11
26
56
432
169
56DLH12
30
56
48450
496
184
56DLH13
34
56
58650
601
223
56DLH14
39
56
66300
679
249
56DLH15
42
56
75750
777
281
56DLH16
46
56
81750
838
313
56DLH17
51
56
94200
964
356
91
427
159
469
174
523
191
636
231
729
258
817
291
882
324
1014
369
99
415
158
477
173
579
209
652
234
747
264
805
294
927
335
92
418
154
459
169
513
185
621
224
714
249
799
282
862
314
991
357
100
408
153
468
168
568
204
640
228
732
256
789
285
907
325
93
409
150
448
164
501
179
609
216
699
242
783
272
844
304
970
346
101
400
149
459
163
558
197
628
221
717
248
774
277
891
316
94
400
145
439
158
490
173
595
209
685
234
766
264
826
294
951
335
102
393
145
450
158
547
191
616
214
703
242
759
269
873
306
95
391
140
430
153
480
168
583
203
670
227
750
256
810
285
930
324
103
385
140
442
153
537
186
604
209
690
234
744
262
856
298
96
384
136
421
149
471
163
571
197
657
220
735
247
792
276
912
315
104
379
136
433
150
526
181
594
202
676
228
730
254
840
289
97
376
132
412
144
460
158
559
191
645
213
720
240
777
267
892
304
105
372
133
426
145
516
175
582
196
664
221
717
247
823
281
98
369
128
405
140
451
153
549
185
631
207
705
233
760
260
874
296
106
366
129
417
141
507
171
571
190
651
215
703
240
808
273
99
361
124
396
135
442
149
537
180
619
201
691
226
745
252
858
286
107
358
125
409
137
496
166
562
186
639
209
690
233
793
266
100
354
120
388
132
433
144
526
174
607
194
676
219
730
245
840
279
108
352
122
402
133
487
161
552
181
628
204
678
227
780
258
101
346
116
381
128
426
140
516
170
595
189
664
213
717
237
823
270
109
346
118
394
130
478
157
541
175
616
198
666
221
765
251
102
340
114
373
124
417
135
507
164
585
184
651
207
702
230
808
263
110
340
115
388
126
471
152
532
171
604
192
654
214
751
245
103
334
110
366
120
409
132
496
159
573
178
639
201
688
224
792
255
111
334
113
381
123
462
149
523
167
594
188
642
209
738
238
104
327
107
360
117
402
128
487
155
562
173
627
195
676
217
777
247
112
328
110
373
119
454
145
514
162
583
182
630
204
724
231
83
LRFD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, LRFD DLH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Approx. Wt Depth
Joist
in
Designation in Lbs. Per
Linear Ft inches
(Joists only)
60DLH12
29
60
SAFE LOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
70-99 100-104
46650
46650
60DLH13
35
60
56700
56700
60DLH14
40
60
63000
63000
60DLH15
43
60
73950
73950
60DLH16
46
60
81300
81300
60DLH17
52
60
93450
93450
60DLH18
59
60
107850
107850
64DLH12
31
64
75-99 100-112
45000
45000
64DLH13
34
64
54600
54600
64DLH14
40
64
62550
62550
64DLH15
43
64
71700
71700
64DLH16
46
64
80700
80700
64DLH17
52
64
93000
93000
64DLH18
59
64
107400
107400
68DLH13
37
68
80-99 100-120
52500
52500
68DLH14
40
68
60450
60450
68DLH15
44
68
67800
67800
68DLH16
49
68
80400
80400
68DLH17
55
68
90600
90600
68DLH18
61
68
104850
104850
68DLH19
67
68
120750
120750
72DLH14
41
72
84-99 100-128
58800
58800
72DLH15
44
72
67350
67350
72DLH16
50
72
77850
77850
72DLH17
56
72
87600
87600
72DLH18
59
72
102600
102600
72DLH19
70
72
120300
120300
106
433
163
526
197
586
210
687
248
756
277
868
315
1002
357
114
388
150
472
181
540
193
621
228
699
254
804
290
928
328
122
426
168
490
179
547
201
649
236
733
268
849
304
976
344
130
447
167
513
187
592
219
667
250
780
283
913
321
107
426
158
517
191
574
205
675
242
741
269
853
306
984
346
115
382
146
465
176
531
189
610
223
687
248
790
283
912
320
123
418
164
483
175
540
196
640
230
721
262
835
297
961
336
131
441
163
504
183
585
214
657
245
768
276
900
313
* The safe factored uniform load for the clear spans shown in the
Safe Load Column is equal to (Safe Load) / (Clear span + 0.67).
(The added 0.67 feet (8 inches) is required to obtain the proper
length on which the Load Tables were developed).
In no case shall the safe factored uniform load, for clear spans less
than the minimum clear span shown in the Safe Load Column,
exceed the uniform load calculated for the minimum clear span
listed in the Safe Load Column.
84
108
418
154
508
187
564
199
663
235
727
262
837
298
966
337
116
376
142
457
171
523
184
600
217
675
242
777
275
897
311
124
412
159
475
171
531
191
630
225
711
256
823
289
946
328
132
435
159
496
178
576
209
648
239
757
270
886
306
109
411
150
499
181
555
193
651
228
714
255
822
290
948
327
117
370
138
450
168
514
179
591
211
664
235
763
268
880
304
125
406
155
468
167
522
187
619
219
700
249
810
283
931
320
133
427
155
489
174
567
205
639
233
745
265
873
300
110
405
146
490
176
544
189
640
223
702
247
807
283
931
319
118
364
135
442
163
505
174
580
206
652
229
751
262
867
296
126
400
152
462
163
514
182
610
214
690
244
798
276
916
313
134
421
152
483
171
559
200
630
228
735
258
859
293
111
397
142
483
171
534
183
628
216
690
241
793
275
915
310
119
358
132
436
159
498
171
571
201
642
224
738
255
852
288
127
394
149
454
159
505
178
600
209
679
238
786
269
901
305
135
415
149
475
167
552
196
621
224
724
252
847
286
112
391
138
474
167
525
178
618
210
676
235
778
267
898
303
120
352
129
429
155
489
166
562
196
631
218
726
248
838
282
128
388
145
448
155
498
174
591
204
669
232
774
263
888
298
136
411
146
468
163
544
191
612
218
718
247
835
280
113
384
134
466
163
516
173
607
205
666
228
765
261
883
294
121
346
125
421
152
481
162
553
191
621
213
714
243
823
274
129
382
142
441
152
490
170
582
199
658
228
762
257
874
291
137
405
143
462
160
537
188
603
213
705
242
823
274
114
378
131
459
158
507
170
597
200
654
223
751
254
867
286
122
342
122
415
148
474
158
544
187
610
208
702
237
810
267
130
378
138
435
148
483
166
573
195
649
222
751
251
861
285
138
399
139
454
156
529
183
595
209
694
236
811
268
115
372
128
451
154
498
165
588
194
642
217
739
247
852
279
123
336
119
409
144
466
154
537
182
601
203
691
231
798
261
131
372
135
429
145
475
162
564
190
640
217
739
246
847
278
139
393
136
448
152
522
179
586
205
685
231
799
263
116
366
124
444
151
490
161
577
190
631
211
726
241
838
272
124
331
116
403
141
459
151
528
177
591
198
681
226
784
255
132
366
133
421
141
468
158
556
186
630
212
729
240
835
272
140
388
133
442
150
514
175
579
200
675
227
789
257
117
360
121
436
147
481
156
568
185
621
206
714
235
823
266
125
327
114
396
137
451
147
520
173
582
193
669
220
772
249
133
361
130
415
138
462
155
547
182
621
208
718
234
822
266
141
382
131
436
147
507
171
571
196
666
222
777
251
118
354
118
429
143
474
152
559
180
610
201
702
228
810
259
126
321
111
390
134
444
143
511
170
573
189
658
215
760
243
134
355
127
409
135
454
152
540
178
612
203
708
230
810
260
142
378
128
429
143
501
169
564
191
657
217
766
247
119
348
115
423
139
465
149
550
175
600
196
690
223
796
252
127
316
109
385
131
438
140
504
165
564
184
648
210
748
237
135
351
124
403
133
448
148
531
174
604
198
697
225
798
254
143
372
125
423
140
493
165
556
188
648
212
756
241
120
342
113
415
135
457
145
541
171
589
190
679
217
783
246
128
312
106
379
128
430
136
496
161
555
180
639
205
736
232
136
346
121
399
130
441
145
523
171
595
194
688
219
787
248
144
367
123
418
137
487
161
549
184
639
209
745
236
To solve for live loads for clear spans shown in the Safe Load
Column (or lesser clear spans), multiply the live load of the shortest clear span shown in the Load Table by (the shortest clear span
shown in the Load Table + 0.67 feet)2 and divide by (the actual
clear span + 0.67 feet)2. The live load shall not exceed the safe
uniform load.
The RED figures in this load table are the nominal LIVE loads
per linear foot of joist which will produce an approximate
deflection of 1/360 of the span. LIVE loads which will produce
a deflection of 1/240 of the span may be obtained by multiplying the RED figures by 1.5. In no case shall the TOTAL load
capacity of the joists be exceeded.
When holes are required in top or bottom chords, the carrying capacities must be reduced in proportion to the reduction of chord areas.
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, DLH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Approx. Wt Depth SAFELOAD*
Joist
in Lbs.
Designation in Lbs. Per in
Linear Ft inches Between
61-88
(Joists only)
52DLH10
25
52
26700
52DLH11
26
52
29300
52DLH12
29
52
32700
52DLH13
34
52
39700
52DLH14
39
52
45400
52DLH15
42
52
51000
52DLH16
45
52
55000
52DLH17
52
52
63300
56DLH11
26
56
66-96
28100
56DLH12
30
56
32300
56DLH13
34
56
39100
56DLH14
39
56
44200
56DLH15
42
56
50500
56DLH16
46
56
54500
56DLH17
51
56
62800
90
291
165
320
181
357
197
433
239
497
266
557
301
601
335
691
381
98
283
163
324
178
394
216
444
242
508
272
548
304
630
345
91
285
159
313
174
349
191
424
231
486
258
545
291
588
324
676
369
99
277
158
318
173
386
209
435
234
498
264
537
294
618
335
92
279
154
306
169
342
185
414
224
476
249
533
282
575
314
661
357
100
272
153
312
168
379
204
427
228
488
256
526
285
605
325
93
273
150
299
164
334
179
406
216
466
242
522
272
563
304
647
346
101
267
149
306
163
372
197
419
221
478
248
516
277
594
316
94
267
145
293
158
327
173
397
209
457
234
511
264
551
294
634
335
102
262
145
300
158
365
191
411
214
469
242
506
269
582
306
95
261
140
287
153
320
168
389
203
447
227
500
256
540
285
620
324
103
257
140
295
153
358
186
403
209
460
234
496
262
571
298
96
256
136
281
149
314
163
381
197
438
220
490
247
528
276
608
315
104
253
136
289
150
351
181
396
202
451
228
487
254
560
289
97
251
132
275
144
307
158
373
191
430
213
480
240
518
267
595
304
105
248
133
284
145
344
175
388
196
443
221
478
247
549
281
98
246
128
270
140
301
153
366
185
421
207
470
233
507
260
583
296
106
244
129
278
141
338
171
381
190
434
215
469
240
539
273
99
241
124
264
135
295
149
358
180
413
201
461
226
497
252
572
286
107
239
125
273
137
331
166
375
186
426
209
460
233
529
266
100
236
120
259
132
289
144
351
174
405
194
451
219
487
245
560
279
108
235
122
268
133
325
161
368
181
419
204
452
227
520
258
101
231
116
254
128
284
140
344
170
397
189
443
213
478
237
549
270
109
231
118
263
130
319
157
361
175
411
198
444
221
510
251
102
227
114
249
124
278
135
338
164
390
184
434
207
468
230
539
263
110
227
115
259
126
314
152
355
171
403
192
436
214
501
245
103
223
110
244
120
273
132
331
159
382
178
426
201
459
224
528
255
111
223
113
254
123
308
149
349
167
396
188
428
209
492
238
104
218
107
240
117
268
128
325
155
375
173
418
195
451
217
518
247
112
219
110
249
119
303
145
343
162
389
182
420
204
483
231
85
ASD
STANDARD LOAD TABLE LONGSPAN STEEL JOISTS, DLH-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Approx. Wt Depth
Joist
in
Designation in Lbs. Per
Linear Ft inches
(Joists only)
60DLH12
29
60
SAFE LOAD*
in Lbs.
Between
70-99 100-104
31100
31100
60DLH13
35
60
37800
37800
60DLH14
40
60
42000
42000
60DLH15
43
60
49300
49300
60DLH16
46
60
54200
54200
60DLH17
52
60
62300
62300
60DLH18
59
60
71900
71900
64DLH12
31
64
75-99 100-112
30000
30000
64DLH13
34
64
36400
36400
64DLH14
40
64
41700
41700
64DLH15
43
64
47800
47800
64DLH16
46
64
53800
53800
64DLH17
52
64
62000
62000
64DLH18
59
64
71600
71600
68DLH13
37
68
80-99 100-120
35000
35000
68DLH14
40
68
40300
40300
68DLH15
44
68
45200
45200
68DLH16
49
68
53600
53600
68DLH17
55
68
60400
60400
68DLH18
61
68
69900
69900
68DLH19
67
68
80500
80500
72DLH14
41
72
84-99 100-128
39200
39200
72DLH15
44
72
44900
44900
72DLH16
50
72
51900
51900
72DLH17
56
72
58400
58400
72DLH18
59
72
68400
68400
72DLH19
70
72
80200
80200
106
289
163
351
197
391
210
458
248
504
277
579
315
668
357
114
259
150
315
181
360
193
414
228
466
254
536
290
619
328
122
284
168
327
179
365
201
433
236
489
268
566
304
651
344
130
298
167
342
187
395
219
445
250
520
283
609
321
107
284
158
345
191
383
205
450
242
494
269
569
306
656
346
115
255
146
310
176
354
189
407
223
458
248
527
283
608
320
123
279
164
322
175
360
196
427
230
481
262
557
297
641
336
131
294
163
336
183
390
214
438
245
512
276
600
313
108
279
154
339
187
376
199
442
235
485
262
558
298
644
337
116
251
142
305
171
349
184
400
217
450
242
518
275
598
311
124
275
159
317
171
354
191
420
225
474
256
549
289
631
328
132
290
159
331
178
384
209
432
239
505
270
591
306
* The safe uniform load for the clear spans shown in the Safe Load
Column is equal to (Safe Load) / (Clear Span + 0.67). (The added
0.67 feet (8 inches) is required to obtain the proper length on which
the Load Tables were developed).
In no case shall the safe uniform load, for clear spans less than the
minimum clear span shown in the Safe Load Column, exceed the
uniform load calculated for the minimum clear span listed in the
Safe Load Column.
86
109
274
150
333
181
370
193
434
228
476
255
548
290
632
327
117
247
138
300
168
343
179
394
211
443
235
509
268
587
304
125
271
155
312
167
348
187
413
219
467
249
540
283
621
320
133
285
155
326
174
378
205
426
233
497
265
582
300
110
270
146
327
176
363
189
427
223
468
247
538
283
621
319
118
243
135
295
163
337
174
387
206
435
229
501
262
578
296
126
267
152
308
163
343
182
407
214
460
244
532
276
611
313
134
281
152
322
171
373
200
420
228
490
258
573
293
111
265
142
322
171
356
183
419
216
460
241
529
275
610
310
119
239
132
291
159
332
171
381
201
428
224
492
255
568
288
127
263
149
303
159
337
178
400
209
453
238
524
269
601
305
135
277
149
317
167
368
196
414
224
483
252
565
286
112
261
138
316
167
350
178
412
210
451
235
519
267
599
303
120
235
129
286
155
326
166
375
196
421
218
484
248
559
282
128
259
145
299
155
332
174
394
204
446
232
516
263
592
298
136
274
146
312
163
363
191
408
218
479
247
557
280
113
256
134
311
163
344
173
405
205
444
228
510
261
589
294
121
231
125
281
152
321
162
369
191
414
213
476
243
549
274
129
255
142
294
152
327
170
388
199
439
228
508
257
583
291
137
270
143
308
160
358
188
402
213
470
242
549
274
114
252
131
306
158
338
170
398
200
436
223
501
254
578
286
122
228
122
277
148
316
158
363
187
407
208
468
237
540
267
130
252
138
290
148
322
166
382
195
433
222
501
251
574
285
138
266
139
303
156
353
183
397
209
463
236
541
268
115
248
128
301
154
332
165
392
194
428
217
493
247
568
279
123
224
119
273
144
311
154
358
182
401
203
461
231
532
261
131
248
135
286
145
317
162
376
190
427
217
493
246
565
278
139
262
136
299
152
348
179
391
205
457
231
533
263
116
244
124
296
151
327
161
385
190
421
211
484
241
559
272
124
221
116
269
141
306
151
352
177
394
198
454
226
523
255
132
244
133
281
141
312
158
371
186
420
212
486
240
557
272
140
259
133
295
150
343
175
386
200
450
227
526
257
117
240
121
291
147
321
156
379
185
414
206
476
235
549
266
125
218
114
264
137
301
147
347
173
388
193
446
220
515
249
133
241
130
277
138
308
155
365
182
414
208
479
234
548
266
141
255
131
291
147
338
171
381
196
444
222
518
251
118
236
118
286
143
316
152
373
180
407
201
468
228
540
259
126
214
111
260
134
296
143
341
170
382
189
439
215
507
243
134
237
127
273
135
303
152
360
178
408
203
472
230
540
260
142
252
128
286
143
334
169
376
191
438
217
511
247
119
232
115
282
139
310
149
367
175
400
196
460
223
531
252
127
211
109
257
131
292
140
336
165
376
184
432
210
499
237
135
234
124
269
133
299
148
354
174
403
198
465
225
532
254
143
248
125
282
140
329
165
371
188
432
212
504
241
120
228
113
277
135
305
145
361
171
393
190
453
217
522
246
128
208
106
253
128
287
136
331
161
370
180
426
205
491
232
136
231
121
266
130
294
145
349
171
397
194
459
219
525
248
144
245
123
279
137
325
161
366
184
426
209
497
236
To solve for live loads for clear spans shown in the Safe Load
Column (or lesser clear spans), multiply the live load of the shortest clear span shown in the Load Table by (the shortest clear span
shown in the Load Table + 0.67 feet)2 and divide by (the actual
clear span + 0.67 feet)2. The live load shall not exceed the safe
uniform load.
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS
FOR JOIST GIRDERS
Adopted by the Steel Joist Institute November 4, 1985
Revised to November 10, 2003 - Effective March 01, 2005
SECTION 1000.
SECTION 1002.
SCOPE
MATERIALS
SECTION 1001.
DEFINITION
The term Joist Girders, as used herein, refers to open web,
load-carrying members utilizing hot-rolled or cold-formed
steel, including cold-formed steel whose yield strength* has
been attained by cold working.
The design of Joist Girder chord and web sections shall be
based on a yield strength of at least 36 ksi (250 MPa), but not
greater than 50 ksi (345 MPa). Steel used for Joist Girder
chord or web sections shall have a minimum yield strength
determined in accordance with one of the procedures specified in Section 1002.2, which is equal to the yield strength
assumed in the design. Joist Girders shall be designed in
accordance with this specification to support panel point
loadings.
* The term Yield Strength as used herein shall designate
the yield level of a material as determined by the applicable method outlined in paragraph 13.1, Yield Point
and in paragraph 13.2, Yield Strength, of ASTM
Standard A370, Standard Test Methods and
Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products, or
as specified in Section 1002.2 of this Specification.
1002.1 STEEL
The steel used in the manufacture of chord and web sections
shall conform to one of the following ASTM Specifications:
Carbon Structural Steel, ASTM A36/A36M.
High-Strength, Low-Alloy Structural Steel, ASTM
A242/A242M.
High-Strength Carbon-Manganese Steel of Structural
Quality ASTM A529/A529M, Grade 50.
High-Strength Low-Alloy Columbium-Vanadium Structural
Steel, ASTM A572/A572M Grade 42 and 50.
High-Strength Low-Alloy Structural Steel with 50 ksi
(345 MPa) Minimum Yield Point to 4 inches (100 mm)
Thick, ASTM A588/A588M.
Steel, Sheet and Strip, High-Strength, Low-Alloy, HotRolled and Cold-Rolled, with Improved Corrosion
Resistance, ASTM A606.
Steel, Sheet, Cold-Rolled, Carbon, Structural, HighStrength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy with
Improved Formability, ASTM A1008/A1008M.
Steel, Sheet and Strip, Hot-Rolled, Carbon, Structural,
High-Strength Low-Alloy and High-Strength Low-Alloy
with Improved Formability, ASTM A1011/A1011M.
or shall be of suitable quality ordered or produced to other
than the listed specifications, provided that such material in
the state used for final assembly and manufacture is weldable
and is proved by tests performed by the producer or manufacturer to have the properties specified in Section 1002.2.
87
JOIST GIRDERS
In the case of material the mechanical properties of which do
not conform to the requirements of one of the listed specifications, the test specimens and procedures shall conform to the
applicable requirements of ASTM A370 and the specimens
shall exhibit a yield strength equal to or exceeding the design
yield strength and an elongation of not less than (a) 20 percent
in 2 inches (51 millimeters) for sheet and strip, or (b) 18 percent
in 8 inches (203 millimeters) for plates, shapes and bars with
adjustments for thickness for plates, shapes and bars as prescribed in ASTM A36/A36M, A242/A242M, A529/A529M,
A572/A572M, A588/A588M, whichever specification is applicable on the basis of design yield strength.
The number of tests shall be as prescribed in ASTM A6/A6M
for plates, shapes, and bars; and ASTM A606,
A1008/A1008M and A1011/A1011M for sheet and strip.
1002.4 PAINT
b) Or, shall be a shop paint which meets the minimum performance requirements of the above listed specification.
88
SECTION 1003.
DESIGN AND
MANUFACTURE
1003.1 METHOD
Joist Girders shall be designed in accordance with this specification as simply supported primary members. All loads
shall be applied through steel joists, and will be equal in
magnitude and evenly spaced along the joist girder top
chord. Where any applicable design feature is not specifically covered herein, the design shall be in accordance with
the following specifications:
a) Where the steel used consists of hot-rolled shapes, bars
or plates, use the American Institute of Steel
Construction, Specification for Structural Steel Buildings.
b) For members that are cold-formed from sheet or strip
steel, use the American Iron and Steel Institute, North
American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed
Steel Structural Members.
Design Basis:
Designs shall be made according to the provisions in this
Specification for either Load and Resistance Factor Design
(LRFD) or for Allowable Strength Design (ASD).
JOIST GIRDERS
Load Combinations:
Stresses:
LRFD:
When load combinations are not specified to the joist manufacturer, the required stress shall be computed for the factored loads based on the factors and load combinations as
follows:
1.4D
(1003.2-1)
(1003.2-2)
4.71
y
Fe
Where:
D = dead load due to the weight of the structural elements
and the permanent features of the structure
E
QFy
QF
Fcr = Q 0.658
D + ( L, or Lr, or S, or R )
> 4.71
Fy
(1003.2-3)
E
QFy
(1003.2-4)
S = snow load
R = load due to initial rainwater or ice exclusive of the
ponding contribution
When special loads are specified and the specifying professional does not provide the load combinations, the provisions of ASCE 7, Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and
Other Structures shall be used for LRFD and ASD load
combinations.
required stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn
nominal stress
ksi (MPa)
resistance factor
Fn
design stress
required stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn
nominal stress
ksi (MPa)
Fn/ =
safety factor
Fe =
E2
l
(1003.2-5)
(1003.2-6)
(1003.2-7)
In the above equations, l is taken as the distance, in inches (millimeters), between panel points for the chord members and the appropriate length for web members, and r is
the corresponding least radius of gyration of the member or
any component thereof. E is equal to 29,000 ksi (200,000
MPa).
Use 1.2 l/rx for a crimped, first primary compression web
member when a moment-resistant weld group is not used
for this member; where rx = member radius of gyration in
the plane of the joist.
For cold-formed sections, the method of calculating the
nominal column strength is given in the AISI, North
American Specification for the Design of Cold-Formed
Steel Structural Members.
allowable stress
89
JOIST GIRDERS
(c) Bending: b = 0.90 (LRFD) b = 1.67 (ASD)
Bending calculations are to be based on using the elastic
section modulus.
For chords and web members other than solid rounds:
Fy = 50 ksi (345 MPa)
Design Stress = 0.90Fy (LRFD)
(1003.2-8)
(1003.2-9)
(1003.2-10)
(1003.2-11)
(1003.2-12)
(1003.2-13)
(1003.2-15)
ASD: w = 2.0
Allowable Shear Strength =
Rn / w = Fnw A / w = 0.3Fexx A
(1003.2-16)
The top chord shall be designed as an axial loaded compression member. The radius of gyration of the top chord
about the vertical axis shall not be less than Span/575.
The top chord shall be considered as stayed laterally by
the steel joists provided positive attachment is made.
(b) Web
The vertical shears to be used in the design of the web
members shall be determined from full loading, but such
vertical shear shall be not less than 25 percent of the end
reaction.
Interior vertical web members used in modified Warren
type web systems that do not support the direct loads
through steel joists shall be designed to resist an axial
load of 2 percent of the top chord axial force.
Tension members shall be designed to resist at least 25
percent of their axial force in compression.
(c) Fillers and Ties
In compression members composed of two components, when fillers, ties or welds are used, they shall be
spaced so the l/r ratio for each component does not
exceed the l/r ratio of the member as a whole. In tension members composed of two components, when
fillers, ties or welds are used, they shall be spaced so that
the l/r ratio of each component does not exceed 240.
The least radius of gyration shall be used in computing
the l/r ratio of a component.
(d) Eccentricity
Members connected at a joint shall have their center of
gravity lines meet at a point, if practical. Eccentricity on
either side of the centroid of chord members may be neglected when it does not exceed the distance between the
centroid and the back of the chord. Otherwise, provision
shall be made for the stresses due to eccentricity. Ends of
Joist Girders shall be proportioned to resist bending produced by eccentricity at the support.
In those cases where a single angle compression member is attached to the outside of the stem of a tee or double angle chord, due consideration shall be given to
eccentricity.
(e) Extended Ends
Extended top chords or full depth cantilever ends require
the special attention of the specifying professional. The
magnitude and location of the loads to be supported,
deflection requirements, and proper bracing shall be clearly indicated on the structural drawings.
1003.4 MEMBERS
(a) Chords
The bottom chord shall be designed as an axially loaded
tension member. The radius of gyration of the bottom
chord about its vertical axis shall not be less than l/240
where l is the distance between lines of bracing.
90
JOIST GIRDERS
1003.5 CONNECTIONS
(a) Methods
Joint connections and splices shall be made by attaching the members to one another by arc or resistance
welding or other accredited methods.
(1) Welded Connections
a) Selected welds shall be inspected visually by the
manufacturer. Prior to this inspection, weld slag
shall be removed.
b) Cracks are not acceptable and shall be repaired.
1003.6 CAMBER
Joist Girders shall have approximate cambers in accordance
with the following:
TABLE 1003.6-1
Top Chord Length
Approximate Camber
20'-0"
(6096 mm)
1/4"
(6 mm)
30'-0"
(9144 mm)
3/8"
(10 mm)
40'-0"
(12192 mm)
5/8"
(16 mm)
50'-0"
(15240 mm)
1"
(25 mm)
60'-0"
(18288 mm)
1 1/2"
(38 mm)
70'-0"
(21336 mm)
2"
(51 mm)
80'-0"
(24384 mm)
2 3/4"
(70 mm)
90'-0"
(27342 mm)
3 1/2"
(89 mm)
100'-0"
(30480 mm)
4 1/4"
(108 mm)
110'-0"
(33528 mm)
5"
(127 mm)
120'-0"
(36576 mm)
6"
(152 mm)
The specifying professional shall give consideration to coordinating Joist Girder camber with adjacent framing.
91
JOIST GIRDERS
SECTION 1004.
APPLICATION
1004.1 USAGE
This specification shall apply to any type of structure where
steel joists are to be supported directly by Joist Girders
installed as hereinafter specified. Where Joist Girders are
used other than on simple spans under equal concentrated
gravity loading, as prescribed in Section 1003.1, they shall
be investigated and modified if necessary to limit the unit
stresses to those listed in Section 1003.2. The magnitude
and location of all loads and forces, other than equal concentrated gravity loading, shall be provided on the structural
drawings. The specifying professional shall design the supporting structure, including the design of columns, connections, and moment plates*. This design shall account for the
stresses caused by lateral forces and the stresses due to
connecting the bottom chord to the column or other support.
The designed detail of a rigid type connection and moment
plates shall be shown on the structural drawings by the
specifying professional. The moment plates shall be furnished by other than the joist manufacturer.
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute
Technical Digest #11, Design of Joist-Girder Frames
1004.2 SPAN
The span of a Joist Girder shall not exceed 24 times its depth.
1004.3 DEPTH
Joist Girders may have either parallel top chords or a top
chord slope of 1/8 inch per foot (1:96). The nominal depth of
sloping chord Joist Girders shall be the depth at mid-span.
92
1004.5 BRACING
Joist Girders shall be proportioned such that they can be
erected without bridging (See Section 1004.9 for bracing
required for uplift forces). Therefore, the following requirements must be met:
a) The ends of the bottom chord are restrained from lateral movement to brace the girder from overturning.
For Joist Girders at columns in steel frames, restraint
shall be provided by a stabilizer plate on the column.
b) No other loads shall be placed on the Joist Girder until
the steel joists bearing on the girder are in place and
welded to the girder.
1004.7 DEFLECTION
The deflections due to the design live load shall not exceed
the following:
Floors: 1/360 of span.
Roofs: 1/360 of span where a plaster ceiling is attached
or suspended.
1/240 of span for all other cases.
The specifying professional shall give consideration to the
JOIST GIRDERS
effects of deflection and vibration* in the selection of Joist
Girders.
When a bolted seat connection is used for erection purposes, as a minimum, the bolts must be snug tightened.
The snug tight condition is defined as the tightness that
exists when all plies of a joint are in firm contact. This
may be attained by a few impacts of an impact wrench or
the full effort of an employee using an ordinary spud
wrench.
1004.8 PONDING*
The ponding investigation shall be performed by the specifying
professional.
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute
Technical Digest #3, Structural Design of Steel Joist
Roofs to Resist Ponding Loads and AISC
Specifications.
1004.9 UPLIFT
Where uplift forces due to wind are a design requirement,
these forces must be indicated on the contract drawings in
terms of NET uplift in pounds per square foot (Pascals). The
contract drawings must indicate if the net uplift is based on
ASD or LRFD. When these forces are specified, they must
be considered in the design of Joist Girders and/or bracing.
If the ends of the bottom chord are not strutted, bracing
must be provided near the first bottom chord panel points
whenever uplift due to wind forces is a design consideration.*
* For further reference, refer to Steel Joist Institute
Technical Digest #6, Structural Design of Steel Joist
Roofs to Resist Uplift Loads.
1004.10 INSPECTION
Joist Girders shall be inspected by the manufacturer before
shipment to verify compliance of materials and workmanship
with the requirements of this specification. If the purchaser
wishes an inspection of the Joist Girders by someone other
than the manufacturers own inspectors, they may reserve
the right to do so in their Invitation to Bid or the accompanying Job Specifications. Arrangements shall be made
with the manufacturer for such inspection of the Joist
Girders at the manufacturing shop by the purchasers
inspectors at purchasers expense.
SECTION 1005.*
HANDLING AND
ERECTION
Particular attention should be paid to the erection of Joist
Girders.
Care shall be exercised at all times to avoid damage through
careless handling during unloading, storing and erecting.
Dropping of Joist Girders shall not be permitted.
In steel framing, where Joist Girders are utilized at column lines,
the Joist Girder shall be field-bolted at the column. Before
hoisting cables are released and before an employee is allowed
on the Joist Girder the following conditions must be met:
b) Where stabilizer plates are required the Joist Girder bottom chord must engage the stabilizer plate.
During the construction period, the contractor shall provide
means for the adequate distribution of loads so that the carrying capacity of any Joist Girder is not exceeded.
Joist Girders shall not be used as anchorage points for a fall
arrest system unless written direction to do so is obtained
from a qualified person.(1)
Field welding shall not damage the Joist Girder. The total
length of weld at any one cross-section on cold-formed
members whose yield strength has been attained by cold
working and whose as-formed strength is used in the
design, shall not exceed 50 percent of the overall developed
width of the cold-formed section.
* For a thorough coverage of this topic, refer to SJI
Technical Digest #9, Handling and Erection of Steel
Joists and Joist Girders.
(1)
SECTION 1006.
HOW TO SPECIFY
JOIST GIRDERS
For a given Joist Girder span, the specifying professional first
determines the number of joist spaces. Then the panel point
loads are calculated and a depth is selected. The following
tables give the Joist Girder weight in pounds per linear foot
(kiloNewtons per meter) for various depths and loads.
1. The purpose of the Joist Girder Design Guide Weight Table
is to assist the specifying professional in the selection of a
roof or floor support system.
2. It is not necessary to use only the depths, spans, or loads
shown in the tables.
3. Holes in chord elements present special problems which
must be considered by both the specifying professional
and the Joist Girder Manufacturer. The sizes and locations
of such holes shall be clearly indicated on the structural
drawings.
93
JOIST GIRDERS
Example using Load and Resistance Factor Design
(LRFD) and U. S. Customary units:
17.4K
17.4K
Joist
Space
17.4K
17.4K
17.4K
17.4K
17.4K
= 0.018 NPLd
Depth
42(12)
360
= L/360 =
STANDARD DESIGNATION
44G
8N
17.4F
Depth in
Inches
Number of
Joist Spaces
5wL4
384EI
Deflection = 1.15
= 1.40 in.
= 1.15(5)(1.500/12)(42x12)4
384(29000)(4630)
11.9K
Joist
Space
11.9K
11.9K
11.9K
11.9K
11.9K
Depth
11.9K
44G
8N
Depth in
Inches
Number of
Joist Spaces
11.9K
Load in Kips at
Each Panel Point
94
JOIST GIRDERS
The rule of about one inch of depth for each foot of
span is a good compromise of limited depth and economy. Therefore, select a depth of 44 inches.
c) The Joist Girder will then be designated 44G8N11.9K.
d) The ASD Joist Girder Design Guide Weight Table
shows the weight for a 44G8N12K as 49 pounds per
linear foot. The designer should verify that the weight
is not greater than the weight assumed in the Dead
Load above.
e) Check live load deflection:
Live load = 30 psf x 50 ft = 1500 plf.
Approximate Joist Girder moment of inertia
= 0.027 NPLd
= 0.027 x 8 x 11.9 x 42 x 44 = 4750 in.4
Allowable deflection for plastered ceilings
42(12)
= L/360 =
= 1.40 in.
360
Deflection = 1.15
1.15(5)(1.500/12)(42x12)4
5wL4
=
384(29000)(4750)
384EI
Depth
5wL4
384EI
STANDARD DESIGNATION
1118G
8N
77.0F
Depth in
mm
Number of
Joist Spaces
Factored Load in kN
at Each Panel Point
1.15(5)(21.88)(12800)4
384(200000)(1937x106)
95
JOIST GIRDERS
Joist Girder design example using Allowable Strength
Design (ASD) and Metric Units:
STANDARD DESIGNATION
1118G
8N
52.5 kN
Depth in
mm
Number of
Joist Spaces
kN Load on Each
Panel Point
Deflection = 1.15
5wL4
384EI
1.15(5)(21.88)(12800)4
384(200000)(1981x106)
96
JOIST GIRDERS
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
2N@
10.00
3N@
6.67
20
4N@
5.00
5N@
4.00
6N@
3.33
8N@
2.50
2N@
11.00
3N@
7.33
22
4N@
5.50
5N@
4.40
6N@
3.67
8N@
2.75
3N@
8.33
4N@
6.25
5N@
5.00
25
6N@
4.17
8N@
3.12
10N@
2.50
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
6.0
16
16
16
15
15
15
15
15
16
15
16
16
16
16
17
19
17
18
21
18
18
15
15
15
15
15
16
15
16
16
16
16
16
19
18
18
18
15
15
15
16
15
15
15
16
16
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
21
19
18
18
18
26
23
21
21
22
9.0
19
19
19
15
16
16
15
16
16
17
16
16
19
18
18
25
22
22
21
21
21
18
15
16
16
15
16
17
16
16
21
19
18
27
24
22
18
18
15
16
16
18
16
15
16
16
18
17
16
16
17
24
20
18
18
18
29
26
23
24
22
38
33
30
28
28
12.0
19
19
19
19
16
16
19
17
17
21
20
18
25
22
22
32
29
29
21
21
21
18
19
16
19
17
16
24
20
18
27
23
22
36
31
28
19
19
19
16
16
20
19
17
17
17
25
23
20
19
18
29
25
23
22
24
39
33
30
28
29
49
42
38
36
37
15.0
19
19
19
19
16
16
21
20
19
26
23
22
29
28
26
41
36
34
22
22
21
19
19
16
23
20
19
27
24
22
33
28
26
43
38
34
22
20
19
16
17
25
21
20
19
19
31
26
24
23
22
38
31
28
26
25
48
41
38
34
34
63
54
48
43
44
60.0
50
42
40
74
53
49
88
71
63
99
91
77
118
102
96
66.0
56
49
42
75
56
53
97
85
72
109
101
93
138
111
109
72.0
62
52
46
81
68
57
100
90
86
120
103
95
141
123
112
78.0
70
53
48
84
79
68
107
100
91
141
110
107
84.0
75
66
49
89
82
80
120
102
91
142
120
111
144
119
147
130
149
124
55
45
42
70
55
52
95
79
72
111
100
86
137
109
102
153
135
62
51
46
76
61
54
96
89
79
126
101
92
155
69
55
48
84
74
59
106
98
87
137
110
102
166
76
61
51
88
81
74
119
101
90
78
73
58
94
84
82
134
107
97
116
105
133
111
120
104
142
113
144
127
148
149
131
76
67
55
52
48
99
88
72
69
63
125
102
93
83
75
152
86
71
59
54
53
109
97
89
79
73
134
112
101
93
88
164
89
81
67
58
54
119
100
90
86
85
97
84
81
74
68
134
106
101
91
88
102
89
82
81
79
135
120
102
96
92
129
106
102
96
140
117
105
101
125
111
108
118
104
102
98
138
120
105
108
134
113
116
143
127
117
145
148
129
147
129
121
152
136
154
148
166
167
157
97
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
3N@
9.33
4N@
7.00
5N@
5.60
28
6N@
4.67
7N@
4.00
8N@
3.50
10N@
2.80
3N@
10.00
4N@
7.50
5N@
6.00
30
6N@
5.00
8N@
3.75
10N@
3.00
3N@
10.67
4N@
8.00
32
5N@
6.40
6N@
5.33
8N@
4.00
98
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
6.0
18
18
15
15
15
15
15
15
16
16
15
16
18
17
16
20
18
17
24
23
21
18
18
18
16
16
15
15
16
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
21
20
18
17
25
24
22
22
18
16
17
15
18
15
15
15
15
15
15
16
17
16
16
16
22
19
18
18
9.0
18
18
18
16
15
15
18
17
17
21
20
19
24
22
21
28
25
24
36
30
30
18
18
18
19
18
16
16
16
19
17
17
17
24
20
19
18
32
30
26
23
38
36
31
30
19
17
17
17
19
18
15
16
20
18
17
17
24
21
20
19
32
27
25
24
12.0
19
19
19
20
18
17
24
21
20
28
24
23
32
27
27
37
32
29
46
41
38
21
19
19
19
23
21
18
17
25
23
21
20
29
27
24
23
40
37
34
32
51
47
39
39
21
18
18
19
23
20
20
17
27
24
22
21
31
27
25
24
40
35
32
31
15.0
22
20
19
24
21
20
29
26
24
35
30
28
41
35
31
48
39
38
57
50
46
24
22
20
19
29
25
22
22
30
27
24
24
37
32
29
26
51
44
42
39
66
57
52
48
26
24
21
20
26
24
22
21
33
28
26
24
39
35
30
28
54
45
39
38
60.0
71
61
53
95
79
70
111
99
93
137
118
102
66.0
78
66
58
104
96
85
126
107
102
72.0
85
76
66
106
97
90
136
114
107
78.0
89
83
80
120
106
99
84.0
98
86
81
135
107
102
130
112
142
119
138
111
142
123
144
146
140
123
143
146
147
149
80
70
64
57
104
86
77
74
125
102
100
86
92
79
71
64
126
103
87
78
134
112
101
94
98
82
73
65
127
104
103
88
117
93
83
73
149
126
105
91
119
99
84
75
150
128
116
105
128
107
103
138
117
110
133
118
137
109
102
140
121
111
142
123
144
126
148
161
154
169
84
70
62
53
103
94
83
70
133
110
99
93
88
76
67
58
114
96
82
85
102
85
77
67
133
105
97
90
102
89
80
81
134
121
102
99
135
107
102
126
105
102
137
114
106
130
117
142
120
137
118
102
139
111
142
123
144
146
147
113
93
86
77
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
4N@
8.75
5N@
7.00
35
6N@
5.83
7N@
5.00
8N@
4.38
4N@
9.50
5N@
7.60
38
6N@
6.33
8N@
4.75
4N@
10.00
5N@
8.00
6N@
6.67
40
7N@
5.71
8N@
5.00
10N@
4.00
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
6.0
16
15
15
15
15
15
16
16
17
16
16
16
19
17
17
17
21
20
19
18
16
15
15
16
15
16
16
17
17
16
16
17
20
19
19
20
17
17
17
16
17
15
16
16
17
17
16
17
16
17
17
18
17
17
20
20
21
19
19
21
20
29
25
24
23
23
9.0
19
18
16
16
20
18
17
17
24
21
20
20
27
24
23
22
30
27
26
24
19
17
16
16
20
20
20
20
24
21
21
20
29
28
26
24
20
19
18
17
17
21
20
20
20
20
24
22
21
21
21
26
24
24
22
23
29
27
25
27
25
39
36
36
32
32
12.0
23
21
20
17
26
24
23
22
30
27
25
24
34
30
28
27
39
36
32
30
21
21
20
20
25
24
23
22
30
27
25
24
38
35
32
30
23
22
22
20
20
26
24
24
23
23
30
27
26
24
24
33
31
29
28
28
38
36
34
33
32
51
47
45
41
41
15.0
27
24
23
21
32
29
27
25
37
33
31
28
43
39
35
32
48
42
39
37
26
24
23
22
31
28
26
25
35
33
31
29
47
42
40
39
29
29
25
24
24
32
30
27
29
26
38
34
30
28
31
43
39
35
33
36
48
46
39
39
42
64
60
56
51
52
60.0
100
92
83
75
126
102
100
95
66.0
111
100
94
90
136
112
104
102
72.0
117
106
97
95
78.0
137
112
107
96
84.0
138
127
113
108
128
115
107
138
131
115
133
125
139
113
104
140
121
115
142
123
144
145
146
141
118
144
133
147
147
100
93
83
75
111
103
101
93
136
118
109
104
149
101
97
94
90
126
112
105
102
111
106
98
95
137
129
113
107
127
112
107
95
138
123
109
108
138
117
111
134
118
141
121
115
142
143
123
142
145
147
128
125
104
96
85
149
127
117
106
99
151
128
127
106
106
128
115
118
119
138
130
130
120
142
141
132
146
164
144
147
114
103
87
78
78
124
102
100
99
95
149
126
104
96
84
78
134
112
105
116
100
137
114
107
109
141
130
116
132
142
134
133
142
135
140
122
134
143
136
164
167
147
155
170
99
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
4N@
10.50
5N@
8.40
6N@
7.00
42
7N@
6.00
8N@
5.25
10N@
4.20
4N@
11.25
5N@
9.00
6N@
7.50
45
7N@
6.43
8N@
5.62
9N@
5.00
10N@
4.50
100
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
6.0
16
16
16
16
16
16
15
16
16
17
18
17
17
16
20
20
19
18
20
18
22
20
20
20
21
27
25
24
23
23
18
19
19
18
18
16
16
16
20
20
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
18
21
20
20
21
22
24
22
23
23
23
26
25
24
24
23
9.0
21
19
19
19
19
22
21
21
20
20
25
23
21
21
20
28
26
24
23
23
32
27
26
25
26
38
36
34
31
30
21
21
21
21
22
22
21
21
21
21
24
23
21
21
21
27
26
24
23
23
30
28
27
26
28
34
31
31
29
28
38
35
33
31
31
12.0
25
22
21
20
21
28
25
24
24
23
32
30
26
24
25
36
34
31
29
28
40
38
35
32
32
52
46
45
41
39
25
22
22
22
23
27
25
24
24
24
31
28
27
26
25
35
33
30
29
28
38
36
34
32
33
45
39
39
37
36
49
47
46
40
39
15.0
29
26
24
23
24
35
31
28
27
27
39
35
33
31
29
45
40
38
35
34
51
46
42
39
41
62
60
54
52
49
28
27
24
24
24
33
30
29
27
27
38
34
32
30
29
44
40
39
36
34
48
46
41
39
42
55
49
48
47
46
60
60
54
49
50
60.0
101
95
93
84
75
125
111
103
101
95
66.0
112
101
97
94
90
72.0
125
112
97
97
95
78.0
134
118
113
108
97
84.0
138
129
122
109
108
126
113
105
102
137
129
113
107
130
126
115
134
118
137
119
109
104
141
121
115
142
143
124
142
145
147
142
132
118
145
136
149
117
112
102
95
95
128
113
108
107
96
138
128
114
109
109
128
123
112
107
130
118
117
142
134
119
143
136
148
147
148
100
95
89
83
76
125
111
103
95
94
112
101
95
94
91
136
122
110
106
98
137
118
110
102
140
139
122
116
142
143
124
143
133
118
145
136
149
146
148
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
5N@
9.60
6N@
8.00
48
8N@
6.00
9N@
5.33
12N@
4.00
5N@
10.00
6N@
8.33
8N@
6.25
50
9N@
5.56
10N@
5.00
12N@
4.17
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
6.0
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
19
19
19
20
20
30
28
27
26
26
25
35
34
33
33
31
31
35
34
31
30
30
27
18
17
19
20
20
20
20
19
19
20
20
21
22
21
21
21
24
24
24
23
24
24
24
24
26
25
24
24
23
24
34
31
30
30
27
27
9.0
26
23
22
21
21
21
28
25
24
23
23
22
36
33
32
30
30
28
44
42
39
37
36
35
52
48
44
41
39
38
23
22
22
22
22
20
28
24
23
23
23
23
31
29
27
25
29
27
34
32
32
31
30
32
38
36
34
34
32
31
49
44
41
39
40
39
12.0
31
29
27
25
25
24
35
33
31
30
27
27
45
42
39
37
36
36
55
52
50
46
46
44
71
65
57
53
52
49
30
29
28
25
25
24
34
31
30
30
26
27
39
37
35
33
36
35
44
40
42
40
38
38
49
47
46
45
41
40
65
57
58
53
52
49
15.0
37
35
32
30
29
29
42
39
36
35
32
31
56
51
49
47
44
43
70
63
59
56
54
53
84
76
73
67
61
61
38
34
31
31
30
30
42
38
37
36
33
33
51
47
42
40
42
40
55
53
52
47
46
49
60
60
54
52
48
49
80
73
67
68
61
61
60.0
136
136
116
115
99
100
66.0
72.0
78.0
84.0
138
126
116
117
100
139
128
118
119
150
140
130
120
142
141
133
151
141
131
132
160
144
134
162
153
165
136
126
115
116
99
96
138
137
127
117
117
101
139
139
129
119
120
141
141
131
121
142
142
133
149
129
129
120
110
151
131
132
123
153
144
134
162
163
154
164
165
148
139
149
148
138
129
130
120
164
155
101
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
5N@
11.00
6N@
9.17
55
7N@
7.86
9N@
6.11
11N@
5.00
5N@
12.00
6N@
10.00
8N@
7.50
60
10N@
6.00
12N@
5.00
15N@
4.00
102
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
6.0
21
21
20
20
23
24
19
20
20
18
20
19
21
21
21
20
21
22
24
24
25
24
24
24
30
28
27
27
26
26
21
21
22
22
24
25
20
20
19
19
19
22
24
23
23
23
28
29
26
28
27
25
27
26
33
31
29
30
32
29
40
39
38
38
35
35
7.5
21
21
22
21
24
24
22
22
22
21
21
20
24
24
23
22
22
22
29
28
30
29
27
27
36
33
34
33
31
31
23
22
23
23
24
25
24
23
24
23
23
22
29
29
26
26
30
30
32
34
33
31
32
32
39
37
36
35
35
33
49
48
46
42
41
44
9.0
24
23
23
24
24
24
26
24
24
24
24
22
28
27
26
25
24
24
34
32
33
32
32
31
43
39
37
39
37
36
27
27
24
24
24
25
29
28
25
24
24
24
34
31
31
32
33
31
37
38
37
37
37
33
46
45
41
39
41
38
64
57
53
51
49
46
10.5
25
24
25
24
24
25
29
28
26
25
25
24
33
31
29
28
27
26
39
38
39
38
36
35
49
45
44
42
40
39
29
28
28
28
26
25
32
30
30
29
27
27
39
37
36
33
34
34
44
44
43
39
42
38
53
51
48
47
48
42
72
66
67
60
55
55
30.0
63
60
57
53
52
48
75
68
86
63
60
56
87
76
74
70
68
65
105
103
104
92
93
83
137
128
115
107
108
98
69
65
63
60
56
56
80
78
69
70
65
63
112
103
96
85
82
80
118
113
105
104
102
96
33.0
71
64
65
58
60
55
86
75
93
70
64
62
97
89
86
79
72
70
116
107
105
105
95
91
36.0
82
71
66
66
61
56
86
87
99
71
71
65
102
98
91
87
81
74
135
118
114
107
108
97
139
131
118
110
113
76
69
69
66
61
56
93
80
79
75
69
68
123
114
104
98
90
90
137
130
123
111
120
98
142
134
121
117
87
77
74
70
67
63
93
94
83
83
77
71
125
125
116
106
100
92
138
138
131
126
122
111
139
129
116
122
110
140
133
134
114
145
147
127
153
142
167
160
171
39.0
83
73
74
66
67
62
98
89
109
78
75
73
111
103
100
92
93
83
137
129
125
117
109
111
42.0
86
83
74
74
68
69
101
98
110
91
80
73
120
110
105
101
94
84
139
133
128
118
113
146
137
126
89
85
78
75
72
69
112
94
95
83
84
75
136
127
127
118
108
104
148
141
94
90
87
80
73
70
113
113
96
96
85
87
148
139
129
129
120
110
143
134
134
111
145
121
164
142
151
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
6N@
10.83
8N@
8.12
9N@
7.22
65
10N@
6.50
11N@
5.91
13N@
5.00
7N@
10.00
9N@
7.78
10N@
7.00
70
11N@
6.36
12N@
5.83
14N@
5.00
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
6.0
22
21
23
22
24
25
24
23
24
38
30
26
25
28
29
31
31
29
27
27
33
32
33
30
30
37
37
35
34
34
24
23
24
24
25
24
26
25
31
32
32
33
27
30
29
30
30
31
32
30
31
32
29
30
34
33
32
32
30
30
36
37
35
34
33
33
7.5
28
25
24
24
25
31
30
28
28
39
32
32
32
32
30
36
36
34
34
33
39
39
38
37
36
45
43
41
41
41
25
26
27
25
26
27
31
30
34
33
34
34
34
36
35
34
33
33
41
39
38
37
35
36
41
39
37
37
36
36
44
43
42
40
39
40
9.0
30
29
29
26
27
38
34
33
33
39
38
39
38
37
35
41
40
40
39
37
45
44
44
42
41
55
53
50
49
46
30
30
30
29
28
29
37
35
38
37
36
35
38
41
42
38
37
36
45
44
43
42
40
39
50
46
45
42
42
40
53
54
48
49
44
44
10.5
33
33
32
31
31
40
39
39
35
39
44
42
40
41
38
49
46
44
43
44
52
51
49
46
47
64
61
58
53
53
35
33
32
32
31
31
40
39
43
43
39
38
45
48
44
43
40
40
51
50
46
48
47
45
56
55
48
48
48
45
63
61
55
55
52
51
30.0
83
80
76
73
68
115
105
99
89
89
128
118
109
103
91
131
132
122
113
110
153
144
134
125
118
39.0
115
97
98
87
87
141
131
130
122
113
153
144
145
136
127
42.0
116
117
99
100
89
153
143
133
124
125
146
138
129
140
141
163
143
147
144
164
156
173
110
105
104
94
90
85
121
111
106
102
96
94
131
127
124
116
113
131
118
118
132
127
115
112
133
130
121
137
133
132
119
118
116
136
124
124
148
140
129
141
144
139
130
119
113
115
143
135
123
118
148
141
128
151
144
151
138
138
127
141
143
155
158
137
138
88
85
75
76
71
69
110
105
106
100
93
94
118
122
109
106
96
98
138
129
117
109
110
102
33.0
95
84
82
78
76
127
118
108
101
92
129
130
120
112
108
154
144
134
125
127
156
147
139
131
161
141
102
90
87
78
78
72
122
114
112
108
102
95
137
130
123
112
108
109
36.0
97
97
92
83
80
129
129
119
110
104
142
142
132
124
115
155
170
102
102
93
89
83
80
128
129
122
114
110
103
155
146
138
140
103
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
8N@
9.38
10N@
7.50
75
12N@
6.25
14N@
5.36
15N@
5.00
8N@
10.00
10N@
8.00
80
12N@
6.67
14N@
5.71
16N@
5.00
104
56
60
66
72
78
60
66
72
78
84
60
66
72
78
84
66
72
78
84
90
66
72
78
84
90
60
66
72
78
84
90
60
66
72
78
84
90
66
72
78
84
90
96
66
72
78
84
90
96
66
72
78
84
90
96
6.0
29
26
27
26
27
32
32
30
31
31
38
35
36
35
34
41
41
37
38
37
41
42
41
39
38
28
30
29
30
30
53
31
31
33
32
33
34
36
34
33
34
36
34
39
38
36
36
36
37
42
41
41
39
39
40
7.5
33
32
32
32
29
39
37
36
35
36
43
42
41
42
39
48
46
44
44
42
52
52
47
46
46
31
31
32
31
32
54
35
35
37
36
37
36
44
42
39
38
39
37
47
46
43
42
41
40
53
50
49
45
46
46
9.0
40
38
35
34
34
42
42
42
39
39
51
50
46
47
46
56
52
53
52
50
60
59
54
55
52
37
35
33
33
35
56
41
39
43
42
42
40
50
47
46
47
44
43
57
54
50
50
48
47
62
57
58
54
54
55
10.5
43
42
41
41
37
50
49
45
46
45
59
55
54
54
52
63
61
61
57
58
69
67
65
63
60
42
38
38
37
37
56
47
46
50
46
45
44
57
54
53
49
50
50
64
59
58
56
53
53
70
69
66
61
62
58
30.0
116
116
99
100
89
131
132
123
114
110
33.0
128
118
118
101
103
154
134
136
127
128
36.0
140
130
120
121
105
39.0
152
142
132
122
123
138
139
131
152
143
148
141
139
139
154
152
141
163
164
171
151
153
144
171
173
176
169
171
146
103
103
92
88
83
90
129
115
120
112
109
102
174
177
112
105
106
94
96
95
139
132
127
122
115
111
133
129
121
116
117
127
113
108
109
98
103
42.0
153
144
134
125
156
137
129
116
111
112
105
131
126
118
114
118
130
125
118
131
132
136
136
138
125
120
140
143
130
149
147
156
149
143
136
127
146
145
152
155
155
164
142
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
9N@
10.00
10N@
9.00
11N@
8.18
90
12N@
7.50
15N@
6.00
18N@
5.00
10N@
10.00
12N@
8.33
15N@
6.67
100
16N@
6.25
17N@
5.88
18N@
5.56
20N@
5.00
72
84
90
96
102
72
84
90
96
102
72
84
90
96
102
78
84
90
96
108
78
84
90
96
108
78
84
90
96
108
78
84
96
102
108
78
84
96
102
108
78
84
96
102
108
84
96
102
108
120
84
96
102
108
120
84
96
102
108
120
84
96
102
108
120
6.0
40
41
54
55
55
42
42
42
43
43
43
43
45
47
48
44
45
46
46
45
47
49
50
48
51
51
51
52
53
57
45
47
55
55
56
48
48
47
48
48
53
53
52
53
53
53
53
53
54
56
55
54
55
55
56
55
55
56
57
59
58
60
59
60
68
7.5
42
44
55
56
57
46
45
46
46
45
47
49
48
48
49
49
49
50
48
49
54
54
52
53
57
62
61
58
58
59
49
50
56
56
57
53
52
51
52
51
56
56
56
56
56
58
57
57
58
61
61
59
59
60
62
61
60
61
60
64
66
65
65
67
73
9.0
46
48
56
57
57
48
49
50
48
48
51
50
51
53
57
53
52
52
52
55
66
62
60
58
59
74
73
70
68
64
52
53
56
57
58
56
55
55
55
55
67
61
61
60
59
69
63
62
62
64
70
65
66
65
67
70
65
66
68
69
77
73
71
71
90
10.5
49
48
56
57
58
52
51
51
53
53
59
55
53
56
58
60
56
60
58
56
75
68
69
66
64
84
80
79
78
76
55
55
57
58
59
62
63
58
58
59
75
69
68
66
65
72
71
66
67
70
77
72
73
69
71
81
72
73
73
75
94
83
80
80
101
30.0
119
121
105
107
105
142
137
126
113
115
33.0
141
124
125
110
112
155
148
129
129
124
138
129
132
124
36.0
143
135
128
128
130
39.0
42.0
148
138
131
133
149
141
133
131
153
137
150
142
134
138
148
150
163
149
151
132
135
152
153
137
156
160
168
173
168
172
131
118
125
121
107
140
133
126
127
127
133
130
131
133
123
141
139
149
142
134
155
143
149
161
168
105
JOIST GIRDERS
LRFD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
10N@
11.00
12N@
9.17
14N@
7.86
110
16N@
6.88
18N@
6.11
20N@
5.50
10N@
12.00
12N@
10.00
15N@
8.00
120
16N@
7.50
18N@
6.67
20N@
6.00
24N@
5.00
106
84
96
108
114
120
84
96
108
114
120
84
96
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
6.0
54
62
63
63
64
58
57
58
59
59
60
60
60
61
60
62
63
64
65
66
64
66
66
67
68
68
69
69
69
66
63
64
78
78
79
68
68
69
70
70
69
70
70
70
72
70
70
70
70
70
71
72
72
72
73
76
75
75
77
77
83
81
83
86
86
7.5
58
62
63
64
64
62
62
64
65
62
66
65
64
65
66
68
67
68
70
69
71
70
71
73
74
77
75
77
77
72
66
67
79
79
81
69
69
70
70
71
74
73
73
73
74
76
74
74
73
75
77
78
79
76
77
82
83
81
82
84
90
88
91
96
97
9.0
61
63
64
67
66
66
66
68
66
67
71
69
69
69
69
72
74
73
74
75
77
80
77
79
79
82
81
83
86
77
69
69
82
82
83
71
72
72
71
72
77
78
80
78
78
80
78
80
81
79
85
83
84
85
84
89
87
88
87
90
96
99
96
109
107
10.5
65
65
67
68
69
70
70
72
71
72
76
74
72
74
74
79
80
81
80
81
87
89
83
85
88
99
94
94
91
83
72
71
83
83
84
77
78
75
75
76
82
84
85
83
84
85
86
85
86
85
89
87
88
90
89
94
92
94
93
96
111
108
103
121
117
30.0
144
33.0
36.0
131
133
128
133
136
137
140
158
156
158
158
161
160
129
131
128
133
138
137
39.0
42.0
JOIST GIRDERS
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
2N@
10.00
3N@
6.67
20
4N@
5.00
5N@
4.00
6N@
3.33
8N@
2.50
2N@
11.00
3N@
7.33
22
4N@
5.50
5N@
4.40
6N@
3.67
8N@
2.75
3N@
8.33
4N@
6.25
5N@
5.00
25
6N@
4.17
8N@
3.12
10N@
2.50
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
20
24
28
32
36
4
16
16
16
15
15
15
15
15
16
15
16
16
16
16
17
19
17
18
21
18
18
15
15
15
15
15
16
15
16
16
16
16
16
19
18
18
18
15
15
15
16
15
15
15
16
16
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
16
21
19
18
18
18
26
23
21
21
22
6
19
19
19
15
16
16
15
16
16
17
16
16
19
18
18
25
22
22
21
21
21
18
15
16
16
15
16
17
16
16
21
19
18
27
24
22
18
18
15
16
16
18
16
15
16
16
18
17
16
16
17
24
20
18
18
18
29
26
23
24
22
38
33
30
28
28
8
19
19
19
19
16
16
19
17
17
21
20
18
25
22
22
32
29
29
21
21
21
18
19
16
19
17
16
24
20
18
27
23
22
36
31
28
19
19
19
16
16
20
19
17
17
17
25
23
20
19
18
29
25
23
22
24
39
33
30
28
29
49
42
38
36
37
10
19
19
19
19
16
16
21
20
19
26
23
22
29
28
26
41
36
34
22
22
21
19
19
16
23
20
19
27
24
22
33
28
26
43
38
34
22
20
19
16
17
25
21
20
19
19
31
26
24
23
22
38
31
28
26
25
48
41
38
34
34
63
54
48
43
44
12
19
19
19
20
19
17
25
23
22
31
26
27
36
31
30
51
42
40
22
22
22
22
20
19
26
25
22
34
28
26
39
32
30
56
46
40
26
22
20
20
17
29
26
24
21
21
38
32
28
26
26
45
37
32
30
30
58
50
44
39
40
78
65
56
52
52
40
50
42
40
74
53
49
88
71
63
99
91
77
118
102
96
44
56
49
42
75
56
53
97
85
72
109
101
93
138
111
109
48
62
52
46
81
68
57
100
90
86
120
103
95
141
123
112
52
70
53
48
84
79
68
107
100
91
141
110
107
56
75
66
49
89
82
80
120
102
91
142
120
111
144
119
147
130
149
124
55
45
42
70
55
52
95
79
72
111
100
86
137
109
102
153
135
62
51
46
76
61
54
96
89
79
126
101
92
155
69
55
48
84
74
59
106
98
87
137
110
102
166
76
61
51
88
81
74
119
101
90
78
73
58
94
84
82
134
107
97
116
105
133
111
120
104
142
113
144
127
148
149
131
76
67
55
52
48
99
88
72
69
63
125
102
93
83
75
152
86
71
59
54
53
109
97
89
79
73
134
112
101
93
88
164
89
81
67
58
54
119
100
90
86
85
97
84
81
74
68
134
106
101
91
88
102
89
82
81
79
135
120
102
96
92
129
106
102
96
140
117
105
101
125
111
108
118
104
102
98
138
120
105
108
134
113
116
143
127
117
145
148
129
147
129
121
152
136
154
148
166
167
157
107
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
3N@
9.33
4N@
7.00
5N@
5.60
28
6N@
4.67
7N@
4.00
8N@
3.50
10N@
2.80
3N@
10.00
4N@
7.50
5N@
6.00
30
6N@
5.00
8N@
3.75
10N@
3.00
3N@
10.67
4N@
8.00
32
5N@
6.40
6N@
5.33
8N@
4.00
108
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
24
28
32
36
4
18
18
15
15
15
15
15
15
16
16
15
16
18
17
16
20
18
17
24
23
21
18
18
18
16
16
15
15
16
15
15
16
16
16
16
16
16
21
20
18
17
25
24
22
22
18
16
17
15
18
15
15
15
15
15
15
16
17
16
16
16
22
19
18
18
6
18
18
18
16
15
15
18
17
17
21
20
19
24
22
21
28
25
24
36
30
30
18
18
18
19
18
16
16
16
19
17
17
17
24
20
19
18
32
30
26
23
38
36
31
30
19
17
17
17
19
18
15
16
20
18
17
17
24
21
20
19
32
27
25
24
8
19
19
19
20
18
17
24
21
20
28
24
23
32
27
27
37
32
29
46
41
38
21
19
19
19
23
21
18
17
25
23
21
20
29
27
24
23
40
37
34
32
51
47
39
39
21
18
18
19
23
20
20
17
27
24
22
21
31
27
25
24
40
35
32
31
10
22
20
19
24
21
20
29
26
24
35
30
28
41
35
31
48
39
38
57
50
46
24
22
20
19
29
25
22
22
30
27
24
24
37
32
29
26
51
44
42
39
66
57
52
48
26
24
21
20
26
24
22
21
33
28
26
24
39
35
30
28
54
45
39
38
12
24
22
21
27
25
23
34
30
27
41
36
32
49
43
38
55
50
43
70
60
55
27
25
22
21
33
30
26
24
37
32
29
27
45
38
34
31
63
53
49
46
78
69
58
54
27
26
25
23
32
28
25
24
39
34
32
27
47
40
36
34
61
55
50
43
40
71
61
53
95
79
70
111
99
93
137
118
102
44
78
66
58
104
96
85
126
107
102
48
85
76
66
106
97
90
136
114
107
52
89
83
80
120
106
99
56
98
86
81
135
107
102
130
112
142
119
138
111
142
123
144
146
140
123
143
146
147
149
80
70
64
57
104
86
77
74
125
102
100
86
92
79
71
64
126
103
87
78
134
112
101
94
98
82
73
65
127
104
103
88
117
93
83
73
149
126
105
91
119
99
84
75
150
128
116
105
128
107
103
138
117
110
133
118
137
109
102
140
121
111
142
123
144
126
148
161
154
169
84
70
62
53
103
94
83
70
133
110
99
93
88
76
67
58
114
96
82
85
102
85
77
67
133
105
97
90
102
89
80
81
134
121
102
99
113
93
86
77
126
105
102
137
114
106
130
117
142
120
137
118
102
139
111
142
123
144
146
147
135
107
102
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
4N@
8.75
5N@
7.00
35
6N@
5.83
7N@
5.00
8N@
4.38
4N@
9.50
5N@
7.60
38
6N@
6.33
8N@
4.75
4N@
10.00
5N@
8.00
6N@
6.67
40
7N@
5.71
8N@
5.00
10N@
4.00
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
28
32
36
40
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
4
16
15
15
15
15
15
16
16
17
16
16
16
19
17
17
17
21
20
19
18
16
15
15
16
15
16
16
17
17
16
16
17
20
19
19
20
17
17
17
16
17
15
16
16
17
17
16
17
16
17
17
18
17
17
20
20
21
19
19
21
20
29
25
24
23
23
6
19
18
16
16
20
18
17
17
24
21
20
20
27
24
23
22
30
27
26
24
19
17
16
16
20
20
20
20
24
21
21
20
29
28
26
24
20
19
18
17
17
21
20
20
20
20
24
22
21
21
21
26
24
24
22
23
29
27
25
27
25
39
36
36
32
32
8
23
21
20
17
26
24
23
22
30
27
25
24
34
30
28
27
39
36
32
30
21
21
20
20
25
24
23
22
30
27
25
24
38
35
32
30
23
22
22
20
20
26
24
24
23
23
30
27
26
24
24
33
31
29
28
28
38
36
34
33
32
51
47
45
41
41
10
27
24
23
21
32
29
27
25
37
33
31
28
43
39
35
32
48
42
39
37
26
24
23
22
31
28
26
25
35
33
31
29
47
42
40
39
29
29
25
24
24
32
30
27
29
26
38
34
30
28
31
43
39
35
33
36
48
46
39
39
42
64
60
56
51
52
12
31
28
27
26
37
34
29
27
44
38
36
34
52
47
42
39
59
53
48
44
31
28
27
26
36
33
31
30
41
39
36
33
56
50
48
47
37
31
29
29
25
38
34
32
32
31
44
39
36
36
36
52
47
43
39
41
58
53
49
47
47
79
69
66
60
58
40
100
92
83
75
126
102
100
95
44
111
100
94
90
136
112
104
102
48
117
106
97
95
52
137
112
107
96
56
138
127
113
108
128
115
107
138
131
115
133
125
139
113
104
140
121
115
142
123
144
145
146
141
118
144
133
147
147
100
93
83
75
111
103
101
93
136
118
109
104
149
101
97
94
90
126
112
105
102
111
106
98
95
137
129
113
107
127
112
107
95
138
123
109
108
138
117
111
134
118
141
121
115
142
143
123
142
145
147
128
125
104
96
85
149
127
117
106
99
151
128
127
106
106
128
115
118
119
138
130
130
120
142
141
132
146
164
144
147
114
103
87
78
78
124
102
100
99
95
149
126
104
96
84
78
134
112
105
116
100
137
114
107
109
141
130
116
132
142
134
133
142
135
140
122
134
143
136
164
167
147
155
170
109
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
4N@
10.50
5N@
8.40
6N@
7.00
42
7N@
6.00
8N@
5.25
10N@
4.20
4N@
11.25
5N@
9.00
6N@
7.50
45
7N@
6.43
8N@
5.62
9N@
5.00
10N@
4.50
110
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
32
36
40
44
48
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
36
40
44
48
52
4
16
16
16
16
16
16
15
16
16
17
18
17
17
16
20
20
19
18
20
18
22
20
20
20
21
27
25
24
23
23
18
19
19
18
18
16
16
16
20
20
19
19
19
20
20
20
20
20
20
18
21
20
20
21
22
24
22
23
23
23
26
25
24
24
23
6
21
19
19
19
19
22
21
21
20
20
25
23
21
21
20
28
26
24
23
23
32
27
26
25
26
38
36
34
31
30
21
21
21
21
22
22
21
21
21
21
24
23
21
21
21
27
26
24
23
23
30
28
27
26
28
34
31
31
29
28
38
35
33
31
31
8
25
22
21
20
21
28
25
24
24
23
32
30
26
24
25
36
34
31
29
28
40
38
35
32
32
52
46
45
41
39
25
22
22
22
23
27
25
24
24
24
31
28
27
26
25
35
33
30
29
28
38
36
34
32
33
45
39
39
37
36
49
47
46
40
39
10
29
26
24
23
24
35
31
28
27
27
39
35
33
31
29
45
40
38
35
34
51
46
42
39
41
62
60
54
52
49
28
27
24
24
24
33
30
29
27
27
38
34
32
30
29
44
40
39
36
34
48
46
41
39
42
55
49
48
47
46
60
60
54
49
50
12
34
32
28
27
26
41
36
33
31
30
45
41
39
35
33
52
49
46
41
39
62
56
51
49
48
77
70
64
61
56
33
31
29
28
27
38
36
34
32
30
45
40
38
36
34
52
47
46
41
39
58
53
51
47
48
66
61
58
55
55
73
66
64
62
56
40
101
95
93
84
75
125
111
103
101
95
44
112
101
97
94
90
48
125
112
97
97
95
52
134
118
113
108
97
56
138
129
122
109
108
126
113
105
102
137
129
113
107
130
126
115
134
118
137
119
109
104
141
121
115
142
143
124
142
145
147
142
132
118
145
136
149
117
112
102
95
95
128
113
108
107
96
138
128
114
109
109
128
123
112
107
130
118
117
142
134
119
143
136
148
147
148
100
95
89
83
76
125
111
103
95
94
112
101
95
94
91
136
122
110
106
98
137
118
110
102
140
139
122
116
142
143
124
143
133
118
145
136
149
146
148
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
5N@
9.60
6N@
8.00
48
8N@
6.00
9N@
5.33
12N@
4.00
5N@
10.00
6N@
8.33
8N@
6.25
50
9N@
5.56
10N@
5.00
12N@
4.17
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
36
40
44
48
52
56
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
40
44
48
52
56
60
4
19
19
19
19
20
20
20
19
19
19
20
20
30
28
27
26
26
25
35
34
33
33
31
31
35
34
31
30
30
27
18
17
19
20
20
20
20
19
19
20
20
21
22
21
21
21
24
24
24
23
24
24
24
24
26
25
24
24
23
24
34
31
30
30
27
27
6
26
23
22
21
21
21
28
25
24
23
23
22
36
33
32
30
30
28
44
42
39
37
36
35
52
48
44
41
39
38
23
22
22
22
22
20
28
24
23
23
23
23
31
29
27
25
29
27
34
32
32
31
30
32
38
36
34
34
32
31
49
44
41
39
40
39
8
31
29
27
25
25
24
35
33
31
30
27
27
45
42
39
37
36
36
55
52
50
46
46
44
71
65
57
53
52
49
30
29
28
25
25
24
34
31
30
30
26
27
39
37
35
33
36
35
44
40
42
40
38
38
49
47
46
45
41
40
65
57
58
53
52
49
10
37
35
32
30
29
29
42
39
36
35
32
31
56
51
49
47
44
43
70
63
59
56
54
53
84
76
73
67
61
61
38
34
31
31
30
30
42
38
37
36
33
33
51
47
42
40
42
40
55
53
52
47
46
49
60
60
54
52
48
49
80
73
67
68
61
61
12
45
41
37
36
33
33
51
47
45
40
38
37
64
59
55
53
51
49
79
74
69
66
63
62
100
93
82
76
76
70
44
40
38
35
32
33
48
47
40
40
39
38
59
53
51
49
47
47
66
61
58
58
55
53
74
68
65
62
60
57
100
86
82
76
70
70
40
136
136
116
115
99
100
44
48
52
56
138
126
116
117
100
139
128
118
119
150
140
130
120
142
141
133
148
138
129
130
120
151
141
131
132
160
144
134
162
153
165
136
126
115
116
99
96
138
137
127
117
117
101
139
139
129
119
120
141
141
131
121
142
142
133
149
129
129
120
110
151
131
132
123
153
144
134
162
163
154
164
165
148
139
149
164
155
111
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
5N@
11.00
6N@
9.17
55
7N@
7.86
9N@
6.11
11N@
5.00
5N@
12.00
6N@
10.00
8N@
7.50
60
10N@
6.00
12N@
5.00
15N@
4.00
112
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
44
48
52
56
60
66
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
48
52
56
60
66
72
4
21
21
20
20
23
24
19
20
20
18
20
19
21
21
21
20
21
22
24
24
25
24
24
24
30
28
27
27
26
26
21
21
22
22
24
25
20
20
19
19
19
22
24
23
23
23
28
29
26
28
27
25
27
26
33
31
29
30
32
29
40
39
38
38
35
35
5
21
21
22
21
24
24
22
22
22
21
21
20
24
24
23
22
22
22
29
28
30
29
27
27
36
33
34
33
31
31
23
22
23
23
24
25
24
23
24
23
23
22
29
29
26
26
30
30
32
34
33
31
32
32
39
37
36
35
35
33
49
48
46
42
41
44
6
24
23
23
24
24
24
26
24
24
24
24
22
28
27
26
25
24
24
34
32
33
32
32
31
43
39
37
39
37
36
27
27
24
24
24
25
29
28
25
24
24
24
34
31
31
32
33
31
37
38
37
37
37
33
46
45
41
39
41
38
64
57
53
51
49
46
7
25
24
25
24
24
25
29
28
26
25
25
24
33
31
29
28
27
26
39
38
39
38
36
35
49
45
44
42
40
39
29
28
28
28
26
25
32
30
30
29
27
27
39
37
36
33
34
34
44
44
43
39
42
38
53
51
48
47
48
42
72
66
67
60
55
55
8
29
28
27
26
27
26
33
31
29
28
29
28
36
34
33
31
30
30
46
40
43
43
40
39
55
54
52
48
47
45
33
31
30
29
30
27
36
33
33
32
32
28
43
40
38
39
41
36
49
50
46
45
49
42
59
57
55
54
53
50
80
74
71
68
62
64
20
63
60
57
53
52
48
75
68
86
63
60
56
87
76
74
70
68
65
105
103
104
92
93
83
137
128
115
107
108
98
69
65
63
60
56
56
80
78
69
70
65
63
112
103
96
85
82
80
118
113
105
104
102
96
22
71
64
65
58
60
55
86
75
93
70
64
62
97
89
86
79
72
70
116
107
105
105
95
91
24
82
71
66
66
61
56
86
87
99
71
71
65
102
98
91
87
81
74
135
118
114
107
108
97
139
131
118
110
113
76
69
69
66
61
56
93
80
79
75
69
68
123
114
104
98
90
90
137
130
123
111
120
98
142
134
121
117
87
77
74
70
67
63
93
94
83
83
77
71
125
125
116
106
100
92
138
138
131
126
122
111
139
129
116
122
110
140
133
134
114
145
147
127
153
142
167
160
171
26
83
73
74
66
67
62
98
89
109
78
75
73
111
103
100
92
93
83
137
129
125
117
109
111
28
86
83
74
74
68
69
101
98
110
91
80
73
120
110
105
101
94
84
139
133
128
118
113
146
137
126
89
85
78
75
72
69
112
94
95
83
84
75
136
127
127
118
108
104
148
141
94
90
87
80
73
70
113
113
96
96
85
87
148
139
129
129
120
110
143
134
134
111
145
121
164
142
151
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
6N@
10.83
8N@
8.12
9N@
7.22
65
10N@
6.50
11N@
5.91
13N@
5.00
7N@
10.00
9N@
7.78
10N@
7.00
70
11N@
6.36
12N@
5.83
14N@
5.00
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
52
56
60
66
72
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
56
60
66
72
78
84
4
22
21
23
22
24
25
24
23
24
38
30
26
25
28
29
31
31
29
27
27
33
32
33
30
30
37
37
35
34
34
24
23
24
24
25
24
26
25
31
32
32
33
27
30
29
30
30
31
32
30
31
32
29
30
34
33
32
32
30
30
36
37
35
34
33
33
5
28
25
24
24
25
31
30
28
28
39
32
32
32
32
30
36
36
34
34
33
39
39
38
37
36
45
43
41
41
41
25
26
27
25
26
27
31
30
34
33
34
34
34
36
35
34
33
33
41
39
38
37
35
36
41
39
37
37
36
36
44
43
42
40
39
40
6
30
29
29
26
27
38
34
33
33
39
38
39
38
37
35
41
40
40
39
37
45
44
44
42
41
55
53
50
49
46
30
30
30
29
28
29
37
35
38
37
36
35
38
41
42
38
37
36
45
44
43
42
40
39
50
46
45
42
42
40
53
54
48
49
44
44
7
33
33
32
31
31
40
39
39
35
39
44
42
40
41
38
49
46
44
43
44
52
51
49
46
47
64
61
58
53
53
35
33
32
32
31
31
40
39
43
43
39
38
45
48
44
43
40
40
51
50
46
48
47
45
56
55
48
48
48
45
63
61
55
55
52
51
8
39
35
34
33
32
44
43
41
42
42
49
48
47
44
44
58
52
51
50
47
59
60
55
54
51
72
69
64
62
58
39
37
35
34
34
35
45
45
48
45
45
45
53
55
51
47
46
47
60
57
53
55
50
49
63
58
55
55
51
51
71
69
64
61
58
58
20
83
80
76
73
68
115
105
99
89
89
128
118
109
103
91
131
132
122
113
110
153
144
134
125
118
26
115
97
98
87
87
141
131
130
122
113
153
144
145
136
127
28
116
117
99
100
89
153
143
133
124
125
146
138
129
140
141
163
143
147
144
164
156
173
110
105
104
94
90
85
121
111
106
102
96
94
131
127
124
116
113
131
118
118
132
127
115
112
133
130
121
137
133
132
119
118
116
136
124
124
148
140
129
141
144
139
130
119
113
115
143
135
123
118
148
141
128
151
144
151
138
138
127
141
143
155
158
137
138
88
85
75
76
71
69
110
105
106
100
93
94
118
122
109
106
96
98
138
129
117
109
110
102
22
95
84
82
78
76
127
118
108
101
92
129
130
120
112
108
154
144
134
125
127
156
147
139
131
161
141
102
90
87
78
78
72
122
114
112
108
102
95
137
130
123
112
108
109
24
97
97
92
83
80
129
129
119
110
104
142
142
132
124
115
155
170
102
102
93
89
83
80
128
129
122
114
110
103
155
146
138
140
113
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
8N@
9.38
10N@
7.50
75
12N@
6.25
14N@
5.36
15N@
5.00
8N@
10.00
10N@
8.00
80
12N@
6.67
14N@
5.71
16N@
5.00
114
56
60
66
72
78
60
66
72
78
84
60
66
72
78
84
66
72
78
84
90
66
72
78
84
90
60
66
72
78
84
90
60
66
72
78
84
90
66
72
78
84
90
96
66
72
78
84
90
96
66
72
78
84
90
96
4
29
26
27
26
27
32
32
30
31
31
38
35
36
35
34
41
41
37
38
37
41
42
41
39
38
28
30
29
30
30
53
31
31
33
32
33
34
36
34
33
34
36
34
39
38
36
36
36
37
42
41
41
39
39
40
5
33
32
32
32
29
39
37
36
35
36
43
42
41
42
39
48
46
44
44
42
52
52
47
46
46
31
31
32
31
32
54
35
35
37
36
37
36
44
42
39
38
39
37
47
46
43
42
41
40
53
50
49
45
46
46
6
40
38
35
34
34
42
42
42
39
39
51
50
46
47
46
56
52
53
52
50
60
59
54
55
52
37
35
33
33
35
56
41
39
43
42
42
40
50
47
46
47
44
43
57
54
50
50
48
47
62
57
58
54
54
55
7
43
42
41
41
37
50
49
45
46
45
59
55
54
54
52
63
61
61
57
58
69
67
65
63
60
42
38
38
37
37
56
47
46
50
46
45
44
57
54
53
49
50
50
64
59
58
56
53
53
70
69
66
61
62
58
8
49
48
44
43
43
59
55
54
48
49
68
62
63
61
56
72
70
68
64
66
77
74
73
67
69
45
45
41
41
39
57
53
52
55
51
51
49
65
59
60
56
56
54
73
67
66
64
61
61
78
76
73
69
70
68
20
116
116
99
100
89
131
132
123
114
110
22
128
118
118
101
103
154
134
136
127
128
24
140
130
120
121
105
26
152
142
132
122
123
148
141
139
139
153
144
134
125
138
139
131
152
143
156
154
152
141
163
164
171
151
153
144
171
173
176
169
171
146
103
103
92
88
83
90
129
115
120
112
109
102
174
177
112
105
106
94
96
95
139
132
127
122
115
111
133
129
121
116
117
127
113
108
109
98
103
28
137
129
116
111
112
105
131
126
118
114
118
130
125
118
131
132
136
136
138
125
120
140
143
130
149
147
156
149
143
136
127
146
145
152
155
155
164
142
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
9N@
10.00
10N@
9.00
11N@
8.18
90
12N@
7.50
15N@
6.00
18N@
5.00
10N@
10.00
12N@
8.33
15N@
6.67
100
16N@
6.25
17N@
5.88
18N@
5.56
20N@
5.00
72
84
90
96
102
72
84
90
96
102
72
84
90
96
102
78
84
90
96
108
78
84
90
96
108
78
84
90
96
108
78
84
96
102
108
78
84
96
102
108
78
84
96
102
108
84
96
102
108
120
84
96
102
108
120
84
96
102
108
120
84
96
102
108
120
4
40
41
54
55
55
42
42
42
43
43
43
43
45
47
48
44
45
46
46
45
47
49
50
48
51
51
51
52
53
57
45
47
55
55
56
48
48
47
48
48
53
53
52
53
53
53
53
53
54
56
55
54
55
55
56
55
55
56
57
59
58
60
59
60
68
5
42
44
55
56
57
46
45
46
46
45
47
49
48
48
49
49
49
50
48
49
54
54
52
53
57
62
61
58
58
59
49
50
56
56
57
53
52
51
52
51
56
56
56
56
56
58
57
57
58
61
61
59
59
60
62
61
60
61
60
64
66
65
65
67
73
6
46
48
56
57
57
48
49
50
48
48
51
50
51
53
57
53
52
52
52
55
66
62
60
58
59
74
73
70
68
64
52
53
56
57
58
56
55
55
55
55
67
61
61
60
59
69
63
62
62
64
70
65
66
65
67
70
65
66
68
69
77
73
71
71
90
7
49
48
56
57
58
52
51
51
53
53
59
55
53
56
58
60
56
60
58
56
75
68
69
66
64
84
80
79
78
76
55
55
57
58
59
62
63
58
58
59
75
69
68
66
65
72
71
66
67
70
77
72
73
69
71
81
72
73
73
75
94
83
80
80
101
8
55
50
57
58
59
61
58
56
56
57
65
62
59
60
61
68
65
68
63
64
82
76
78
72
72
99
89
90
87
85
58
58
62
61
61
70
68
66
62
62
86
78
72
74
73
80
75
74
76
76
88
80
79
78
78
94
84
84
82
84
103
99
89
89
108
20
119
121
105
107
105
142
137
126
113
115
22
141
124
125
110
112
155
148
129
129
124
24
143
135
128
128
130
26
28
148
138
131
133
149
142
134
141
133
131
153
137
155
138
129
132
124
150
142
134
138
148
150
163
149
151
132
135
152
153
137
156
160
168
173
168
172
131
118
125
121
107
140
133
126
127
127
131
133
123
141
139
143
133
130
149
149
161
168
115
JOIST GIRDERS
ASD
GIRDER
JOIST
GIRDER
SPAN
SPACES
DEPTH
(ft.)
(ft.)
(in.)
10N@
11.00
12N@
9.17
14N@
7.86
110
16N@
6.88
18N@
6.11
20N@
5.50
10N@
12.00
12N@
10.00
15N@
8.00
120
16N@
7.50
18N@
6.67
20N@
6.00
24N@
5.00
116
84
96
108
114
120
84
96
108
114
120
84
96
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
96
102
108
114
120
4
54
62
63
63
64
58
57
58
59
59
60
60
60
61
60
62
63
64
65
66
64
66
66
67
68
68
69
69
69
66
63
64
78
78
79
68
68
69
70
70
69
70
70
70
72
70
70
70
70
70
71
72
72
72
73
76
75
75
77
77
83
81
83
86
86
5
58
62
63
64
64
62
62
64
65
62
66
65
64
65
66
68
67
68
70
69
71
70
71
73
74
77
75
77
77
72
66
67
79
79
81
69
69
70
70
71
74
73
73
73
74
76
74
74
73
75
77
78
79
76
77
82
83
81
82
84
90
88
91
96
97
6
61
63
64
67
66
66
66
68
66
67
71
69
69
69
69
72
74
73
74
75
77
80
77
79
79
82
81
83
86
77
69
69
82
82
83
71
72
72
71
72
77
78
80
78
78
80
78
80
81
79
85
83
84
85
84
89
87
88
87
90
96
99
96
109
107
7
65
65
67
68
69
70
70
72
71
72
76
74
72
74
74
79
80
81
80
81
87
89
83
85
88
99
94
94
91
83
72
71
83
83
84
77
78
75
75
76
82
84
85
83
84
85
86
85
86
85
89
87
88
90
89
94
92
94
93
96
111
108
103
121
117
8
69
69
69
72
72
74
74
75
75
74
84
83
78
79
80
89
89
83
86
88
99
101
94
97
91
106
109
106
101
93
76
75
83
83
84
82
80
81
82
80
90
88
90
88
89
90
92
90
91
90
95
97
94
96
95
110
105
101
103
102
121
118
119
141
143
20
144
22
24
131
133
128
133
136
137
140
158
156
158
158
161
160
129
131
128
133
138
137
26
28
117
118
SECTION 1.
GENERAL
1.1 SCOPE
The practices and customs set forth herein are in accordance with good engineering practice, tend to ensure safety
in steel joist and Joist Girder construction, and are standard
within the industry. There shall be no conflict between this
code and any legal building regulation. This code shall only
supplement and amplify such laws. Unless specific provisions to the contrary are made in a contract for the purchase
of steel joists or Joist Girders, this code is understood to
govern the interpretation of such a contract.
1.2 APPLICATION
This Code of Standard Practice is to govern as a standard
unless otherwise covered in the architects and engineers
plans and specifications.
1.3 DEFINITIONS
Material. Steel joists, Joist Girders, and accessories as provided by the seller.
Seller. A company certified by the Steel Joist Institute
engaged in the manufacture and distribution of steel joists,
Joist Girders, and accessories.
Buyer. The entity that has agreed to purchase Material from
the manufacturer and has also agreed to the terms of sale.
Owner. The entity that is identified as such in the Contract
Documents.
Erector. The entity that is responsible for the safe and proper
erection of the Materials in accordance with all applicable
codes and regulations.
Specifying Professional. The licensed professional who is
responsible for sealing the building Contract Documents,
which indicates that he or she has performed or supervised the
analysis, design and document preparation for the structure
and has knowledge of the load-carrying structural system.
Structural Drawings. The graphic or pictorial portions of
the Contract Documents showing the design, location and
dimensions of the work. These documents generally include
plans, elevations, sections, details, connections, all loads,
schedules, diagrams and notes.
Placement Plans. Drawings that are prepared depicting
the interpretation of the Contract Documents requirements
for the Material to be supplied by the Seller. These floor
and/or roof plans are approved by the Specifying
Professional, Buyer or owner for conformance with the
design requirements. The Seller uses the information contained on these drawings for final Material design. A unique
1.4 DESIGN
In the absence of ordinances or specifications to the contrary,
all designs prepared by the specifying professional shall be
in accordance with the Steel Joist Institute Standard
Specifications Load Tables & Weight Tables of latest adoption.
SECTION 2.
JOISTS AND
ACCESSORIES
2.1 STEEL JOISTS AND JOIST GIRDERS
Steel joists and Joist Girders shall carry the designations and
meet the requirements of the Steel Joist Institute Standard
Specifications Load Tables & Weight Tables of latest adoption.
K-Series joists are furnished with parallel chords only, and with
minimum standard end bearing depth of 2 1/2 inches (64 mm).
LH- and DLH-Series joists are furnished either underslung
or square ended, with top chords either parallel, pitched one
way or pitched two ways. Underslung types are furnished
with standard end bearing depth of 5 inches (127 mm) for
119
TABLE 2.6-1a
K-SERIES JOISTS
MAXIMUM JOIST SPACING FOR HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
**BRIDGING MATERIAL SIZE
SECTION
NUMBER*
Round Rod
1/2" round
(13 mm)
r = 0.13"
(3.30 mm)
1 x 7/64
1-1/4 x 7/64
1-1/2 x 7/64
1-3/4 x 7/64
2 x 1/8
2-1/2 x 5/32
(25 mm x 3 mm) (32 mm x 3 mm) (38 mm x 3 mm) (45 mm x 3 mm) (52 mm x 3 mm) (64 mm x 4 mm)
r = 0.20"
r = 0.25"
r = 0.30"
r = 0.35"
r = 0.40"
r = 0.50"
(5.08 mm)
(6.35 mm)
(7.62 mm)
(8.89 mm)
(10.16 mm)
(12.70 mm)
19
3'- 3"
(991 mm)
5'- 0"
(1524 mm)
6'- 3"
(1905 mm)
7'- 6"
(2286 mm)
8'- 7"
(2616 mm)
10'- 0"
(3048 mm)
12'- 6"
(3810 mm)
10
3'- 0"
(914 mm)
4'- 8"
(1422 mm)
6'- 3"
(1905 mm)
7'- 6"
(2286 mm)
8'- 7"
(2616 mm)
10'- 0"
(3048 mm)
12'- 6"
(3810 mm)
1112
2'- 7"
(787 mm)
4'- 0"
(1219 mm)
5'- 8"
(1727 mm)
7'- 6"
(2286 mm)
8'- 7"
(2616 mm)
10'- 0"
(3048 mm)
12'- 6"
(3810 mm)
120
1-1/4 x 7/64
(32 mm x 3 mm)
r = 0.25"
(6.35 mm)
1-1/2 x 7/64
(38 mm x 3 mm)
r = 0.30"
(7.62 mm)
1-3/4 x 7/64
(45 mm x 3 mm)
r = 0.35"
(8.89 mm)
2 x 1/8
(52 mm x 3 mm)
r = 0.40"
(10.16 mm)
2-1/2 x 5/32
(64 mm x 4 mm)
r = 0.50"
(12.70 mm)
02, 03, 04
4' 7"
(1397 mm)
6' 3"
(1905 mm)
7' 6"
(2286 mm)
8' 9"
(2667 mm)
10' 0"
(3048 mm)
12' 4"
(3759 mm)
05 06
4' 1"
(1245 mm)
5' 9"
(1753 mm)
7' 6"
(2286 mm)
8' 9"
(2667 mm)
10' 0"
(3048 mm)
12' 4"
(3759 mm)
07 08
3' 9"
(1143 mm)
5' 1"
(1549 mm)
6' 8"
(2032 mm)
8' 6"
(2590 mm)
10' 0"
(3048 mm)
12' 4"
(3759 mm)
09 10
4' 6"
(1372 mm)
6' 0"
(1829 mm)
7' 8"
(2337 mm)
10' 0"
(3048 mm)
12' 4"
(3759 mm)
11 12
4' 1"
(1245 mm)
5' 5"
(1651 mm)
6' 10"
(2083 mm)
8' 11"
(2718 mm)
12' 4"
(3759 mm)
13 14
3' 9"
(1143 mm)
4' 11"
(1499 mm)
6' 3"
(1905 mm)
8' 2"
(2489 mm)
12' 4"
(3759 mm)
15 16
4' 3"
(1295 mm)
5' 5"
(1651 mm)
7' 1"
(2159 mm)
11' 0"
(3353 mm)
17
4' 0"
(1219 mm)
5' 1"
(1549 mm)
6' 8"
(2032 mm)
10' 5"
(3175 mm)
(b) For K- and LH-Series Joists horizontal bridging is recommended for spans up to and including 60 feet (18.3 m)
except where the Steel Joist Institute Standard
Specifications Load Tables & Weight Tables require bolted diagonal bridging for erection stability.
121
2. The joist placement plan shall be the exclusive indicator for the proper placement of this bridging.
3. Shop installed bridging clips, or functional equivalents, shall be provided where the bridging bolts to
the steel joist.
TABLE 2.6-2
K, LH AND DLH SERIES JOISTS
MAXIMUM JOIST SPACING FOR DIAGONAL BRIDGING
**BRIDGING ANGLE SIZE (EQUAL LEG ANGLE)
JOIST DEPTH
1 x 7/64
1-1/4 x 7/64
1-1/2 x 7/64
1-3/4 x 7/64
2 x 1/8
(25 mm x 3 mm)
(32 mm x 3 mm)
(38 mm x 3 mm)
(45 mm x 3 mm)
(50 mm x 3 mm)
r = 0.20" (5.08 mm) r = 0.25" (6.35 mm) r = 0.30" (7.62 mm) r = 0.35" (8.89 mm) r = 0.40" (10.16 mm)
12"
(305 mm)
14"
(356 mm)
16"
(406 mm)
18"
(457 mm)
20"
(508 mm)
22"
(559 mm)
24"
(610 mm)
9' 9"
(2971 mm)
26"
(660 mm)
9' 9"
(2971 mm)
28"
(711 mm)
9' 8"
(2946 mm)
30"
(762 mm)
9' 8"
(2946 mm)
32"
(813 mm)
9' 7"
(2921 mm)
36"
(914 mm)
9' 6"
(2895 mm)
9' 5"
(2870 mm)
9' 3"
(2819 mm)
(3886 mm)
9' 2"
(2794 mm)
(3860 mm)
9' 0"
(2743 mm)
(3835 mm)
(3784 mm)
8' 7"
(2616 mm)
(3759 mm)
8' 5"
(2565 mm)
(3708 mm)
8' 2"
(2489 mm)
(3657 mm)
8' 0"
(2438 mm)
122
ALL
3/8
2 - 12
3/8
13 - 17
1/2
18 and 19
5/8
*Refer to last digit(s) of Joist Designation
(10 mm)
(10 mm)
(13 mm)
(16 mm)
(3962 mm)
SECTION 3.
MATERIALS
3.1 STEEL
The steel used in the manufacture of joists and Joist Girders
shall comply with the Steel Joist Institute Standard
Specifications Load Tables & Weight Tables of latest adoption.
3.2 PAINT
(a) Standard Shop Paint - The shop coat of paint, when
specified, shall comply with the Steel Joist Institute
Standard Specifications Load Tables & Weight Tables of
latest adoption.
(b) Disclaimer - The typical shop applied paint that is used to
coat steel joists and Joist Girders is a dip applied, air dried
paint. The paint is intended to be an impermanent and provisional coating which will protect the steel for only a short
period of exposure in ordinary atmospheric conditions.
Since most steel joists and Joist Girders are painted
using a standard dip coating, the coating may not be uniform and may include drips, runs, and sags.
Compatibility of any coating including fire protective
coatings applied over a standard shop paint shall be the
responsibility of the specifier and/or painting contractor.
The shop applied paint may require field touch-up/repair
as a result of, but not limited to, the following:
1. Abrasions from: Bundling, banding, loading and unloading, chains, dunnage during shipping, cables and chains
during erection, bridging, installation, and other handling
at the jobsite.
NOTE: Rusting should be expected at any abrasion.
2. Dirt.
3. Diesel smoke.
4. Road salt.
5. Weather conditions during storage.
The joist manufacturer shall not be responsible for the condition
of the paint if it is not properly protected after delivery.
SECTION 4.
INSPECTION
Inspections shall be made in accordance with the Steel Joist
Institute Standard Specifications Load Tables & Weight
Tables Section 5.12 for K-Series, Section 104.13 for LH- and
DLH-Series, and Section 1004.10 for Joist Girders.
SECTION 5.
ESTIMATING
5.1 PLANS FOR BIDDING
Plans to serve as the basis for bids shall show the character
of the work with sufficient clarity to permit making an accurate estimate and shall show the following:
Designation and location of Materials (See Section 5.2 [a]),
including any special design or configuration requirements.
Locations and elevations of all steel and concrete
supporting members and bearing walls.
Location and length of joist extended ends.
Location and size of all openings in floors and roofs.
Location of all partitions.
Loads and their locations as defined in Section 6.1.
Construction and thickness of floor slabs, roof deck,
ceilings and partitions.
Joists or Joist Girders requiring extended bottom chords.
Paint, if other than manufacturers standard.
123
The specifying professional shall give due consideration to the following loads and load effects:
1. Ponded rain water.
Wood nailers.
Moment plates.
3. Wind.
Shear Studs.
SECTION 6.
PLANS AND
SPECIFICATIONS
6.1 PLANS FURNISHED BY BUYER
The Buyer shall furnish the Seller plans and specifications as
prepared by the specifying professional showing all
Material requirements and steel joist and/or steel Joist Girder
designations, the layout of walls, columns, beams, girders
and other supports, as well as floor and roof openings and
partitions correctly dimensioned. The live loads to be used,
the wind uplift if any, the weights of partitions and the location and amount of any special loads, such as monorails,
fans, blowers, tanks, etc., shall be indicated. The elevation
of finished floors, roofs, and bearings shall be shown with
due consideration taken for the effects of dead load deflections.
(a) Loads The Steel Joist Institute does not presume to establish the
loading requirements for which structures are designed.
The Steel Joist Institute Load Tables are based on uniform
loading conditions and are valid for use in selecting joist
sizes for gravity loads that can be expressed in terms of
pounds per linear foot (kiloNewtons per Meter) of joist.
The Steel Joist Institute Joist Girder Weight Tables are
based on uniformly spaced panel point loading conditions and are valid for use in selecting Joist Girder sizes
for gravity conditions that can be expressed in kips
(kiloNewtons) per panel point on the Joist Girder.
The specifying professional shall provide the nominal
loads and load combinations as stipulated by the applicable code under which the structure is designed and
shall provide the design basis (ASD or LRFD).
The specifying professional shall calculate and provide
the magnitude and location of ALL JOIST and JOIST
124
LRFD EXAMPLE:
U.S. CUSTOMARY UNITS AND (METRIC UNITS)
8'-0"
(2.44 m)
6'-0"
(1.83 m)
18"
(457 mm)
3'-0"
(0.91 m)
RL
30'-0" (9.14 m)
7'-0"
(2.13 m)
RR
18K SP
Joist manufacturer to design joist to support factored loads as shown.
500 lbs
(2.22 kN)
8'-0"
(2.44 m)
6'-0"
(1.83 m)
160 lb/ft
(2.34 kN/m)
c) Extended ends
300 lbs
(1.33 kN)
3'-0"
(0.91 m)
18"
(457 mm)
RL
30'-0" (9.14 m)
800 lbs
(3.56 kN)
7'-0"
(2.13 m)
RR
18K SP
Joist manufacturer to design joist to support loads as shown above.
D+S
The Seller shall furnish the Buyer with steel joist placement
plans to show the Material as specified on the construction
documents and are to be utilized for field installation in accordance with specific project requirements as stated in Section
6.1. Steel placement plans shall include, at a minimum, the
following:
1. Listing of all applicable loads as stated in Section 6.1
and used in the design of the steel joists and Joist
Girders as specified in the construction documents.
125
6.3 DISCREPANCIES
The specifying professionals bid plans and specifications
will be assumed to be correct in the absence of written
notice from the Buyer to the contrary. When plans are furnished by the Buyer which do not agree with the Architects
bid plans, such detailed plans shall be considered as a written notice of change of plans. However, it shall be the
Buyers responsibility to advise the Seller of those changes
which affect the joists or Joist Girders.
6.4 APPROVAL
When joist placement plans are furnished by the Seller, prints
thereof are submitted to the Buyer and owner for examination and approval. The Seller allows a maximum of fourteen
(14) calendar days in their schedule for the return of placement plans noted with the owners and customers approval,
or approval subject to corrections as noted. The Seller
makes the corrections, furnishes corrected prints for field
use to the owner/customer and is released by the
owner/customer to start joist manufacture.
Approval by the owner/customer of the placement plans,
sections, notes and joist schedule prepared by the Seller
indicates that the Seller has correctly interpreted the contract requirements, and is released by the owner/customer
to start joist manufacture. This approval constitutes the
owners/customers acceptance of all responsibility for the
design adequacy of any detail configuration of joist support
conditions shown by the Seller as part of the preparation of
these placement plans.
Approval does not relieve the Seller of the responsibility for
accuracy of detail dimensions on the plans, nor the general
fit-up of joists to be placed in the field.
6.5 CHANGES
When any changes in plans are made by the buyer (or the
buyers representative) either prior to or after approval of
detailed plans, or when any Material is required and was not
shown on the plans used as the basis of the bid, the cost of
such changes and/or extra Material shall be paid by the Buyer
at a price to be agreed upon between Buyer and Seller.
126
6.6 Calculations
The seller shall design the steel joists and/or steel Joist
Girders in accordance with the current Steel Joist Institute
Standard Specifications Load Tables & Weight Tables to support the load requirements of Section 6.1. The specifying
professional may require submission of the steel joist and
Joist Girder calculations as prepared by a registered design
professional responsible for the product design. If requested
by the specifying professional, the steel joist manufacturer
shall submit design calculations with a cover letter bearing
the seal and signature of the joist manufacturers registered
design professional. In addition to standard calculations
under this seal and signature, submittal of the following shall
be included:
1. Non-SJI standard bridging details (e.g. for cantilevered
conditions, net uplift, etc.)
2. Connection details for:
a) Non-SJI standard connections (e.g. flush framed
or framed connections)
b) Field splices
c) Joist headers
SECTION 7.*
HANDLING AND
ERECTION
The current OSHA SAFETY STANDARDS FOR STEEL ERECTION, 29 CFR PART 1926, SUBPART R- STEEL ERECTION,
refers to certain joists at or near columns to be designed with
sufficient strength to allow one employee to release the
hoisting cable without the need for erection bridging.
This STANDARD shall not be interpreted that any joist at
or near a column line is safe to support an employee
without bridging installed. Many limitations exist that
prevent these joists from being designed to safely allow an
employee on an un-bridged joist. Because of these limitations these joists must be erected by incorporating erection
methods ensuring joist stability and either:
1) Installing bridging or otherwise stabilizing the joist prior to
releasing the hoisting cable, or
2) Releasing the hoisting cable without having a worker on
the joist.
A steel joist or Joist Girder shall not be placed on any support structure unless such structure is stabilized. When steel
joists or Joist Girders are landed on a structure, they shall be
secured to prevent unintentional displacement prior to installation.
A bridging terminus point shall be established before joist
bridging is installed.
Steel joist and Joist Girders shall not be used as anchorage
points for a fall arrest system unless written directions to do
so is obtained from a qualified person(1).
SECTION 8.
BUSINESS RELATIONS
8.1 PRESENTATION OF PROPOSALS
All proposals for furnishing Material shall be made on a
Sales Contract Form. After acceptance by the Buyer, these
proposals must be approved or executed by a qualified official of the Seller. Upon such approval the proposal becomes
a contract.
8.3 BILLING
Contracts on a lump sum basis are to be billed proportionately as shipments are made.
8.4 PAYMENT
Payments shall be made in full on each invoice without
retention.
8.5 ARBITRATION
All business controversies which cannot be settled by direct
negotiations between Buyer and Seller shall be submitted to
arbitration. Both parties shall sign a submission to arbitration and if possible agree upon an arbitrator. If they are
unable to agree, each shall appoint an arbitrator and these
two shall appoint a third arbitrator. The expenses of the arbitration shall be divided equally between the parties, unless
otherwise provided for in the agreements to submit to arbitration. The arbitrators shall pass final judgment upon all
questions, both of law and fact, and their findings shall be
conclusive.
127
GLOSSARY
NOTES:
Terms in Bold and their definitions come from the AISC AND
AISI STANDARD Standard Definitions for Use in the Design
of Steel Structures, 2004 Edition, First Printing April 2005.
* These terms are usually qualified by the type of load
effect, e.g., nominal tensile strength, available compressive strength, design flexural strength.
** Term usually qualified by the type of component, e.g.
local web buckling, local flange buckling, etc.
Accessories. Structural components related to the design,
fabrication and erection of joists and Joist Girders including,
but not limited to sloped end bearings, extended ends, ceiling extensions, bridging and bridging anchors, headers and
bottom chord lateral bracing for Joist Girders.
ASD (Allowable Strength Design). Method of proportioning structural components such that the allowable strength
equals or exceeds the required strength of the component
under the action of the ASD load combinations.
ASD Load Combination. Load combination in the applicable building code intended for allowable strength design
(allowable stress design).
Allowable Strength*. Nominal strength divided by the safety factor, Rn /
.
Applicable Building Code. Building code under which the
structure is designed.
Available Strength*. Design strength or allowable strength
as appropriate.
Bay. The distance between the main structural frames or
walls of a building.
Bearing. The distance that the bearing shoe or seat of a joist
or Joist Girder extends over its masonry, concrete or steel
support.
Bearing Plate. The steel plate used for a joist or Joist Girder
to bear on when it is supported by masonry or concrete supports. The plate is designed by the Specifying Professional
to carry the joist reaction to the supporting structure.
Diaphragm. Roof, floor or other membrane or bracing system that transfers in-plane forces to the lateral force resisting system.
Elastic Analysis. Structural analysis based on the assumption that the structure returns to its original geometry on
removal of the load.
128
GLOSSARY
End Diagonal or Web. The first web member on either end
of a joist or Joist Girder which begins at the top chord at the
seat and ends at the first bottom chord panel point.
Erector. The entity that is responsible for the safe and proper erection of the materials in accordance with all applicable
codes and regulations.
Extended End. The extended part of a joist top chord with
the seat angles also being extended from the end of the joist
extension back into the joist and maintaining the standard
end bearing depth over the entire length of the extension.
Factored Load. Product of a load factor and the nominal
load.
Filler. A rod, plate or angle welded between a two angle web
member or between a top or bottom chord panel to tie them
together, usually located at the middle of the member.
Flexural Buckling. Buckling mode in which a compression
member deflects laterally without twist or change in crosssectional shape.
Flexural-Torsional Buckling. Buckling mode in which a
compression member bends and twists simultaneously without change in cross-sectional shape.
Girt. Horizontal structural member that supports wall panels
and is primarily subjected to bending under horizontal loads,
such as wind load.
Gravity Load. Load, such as that produced by dead and live
loads, acting in the downward direction.
Header. A structural member located between two joists or
between a joist and a wall which carries another joist or
joists. It is usually made up of an angle, channel, or beam
with saddle angle connections on each end for bearing.
Horizontal Bridging. A continuous angle or other structural
shape connected to the top and bottom chord of a joist.
Inelastic Analysis. Structural analysis that takes into account
inelastic material behavior, including plastic analysis.
Instability. Limit state reached in the loading of a structural
component, frame or structure in which a slight disturbance
in the loads or geometry produces large displacements.
Joint. Area where two or more ends, surfaces or edges are
attached. Categorized by type of fastener or weld used and
the method of force transfer.
Joist. A structural load-carrying member with an open web
system which supports floors and roofs utilizing hot-rolled or
cold-formed steel and is designed as a simple span member.
Currently, the SJI has the following joist designations: KSeries including KCS, LH-Series and DLH-Series.
Joist Girder. A primary structural load-carrying member with
an open web system designed as a simple span supporting
equally spaced concentrated loads of a floor or roof system
acting at the panel points of the member and utilizing hotrolled or cold-formed steel.
129
GLOSSARY
Permanent Load. Load in which variations over time are rare
or of small magnitude. All other loads are variable loads.
Placement Plans. Drawings that are prepared depicting the
interpretation of the Contract Documents requirements for the
material to be supplied by the Seller. These floor and/or roof
plans are approved by the Specifying Professional, Buyer or
Owner for conformance with the design requirements. The
Seller uses the information contained on these drawings for
final material design. A unique piece mark number is typically shown for the individual placement of joists, Joist Girders
and accessories along with sections that describe the end
bearing conditions and minimum attachment required so that
material is placed in the proper location in the field.
Ponding. Retention of water at low or irregular areas on a
roof due solely to the deflection of flat roof framing.
Purlin. Horizontal structural member that supports roof
deck and is primarily subjected to bending under vertical
loads such as dead, snow or wind loads.
Quality Assurance. System of shop and field activities and
controls implemented by the owner or his/her designated
representative to provide confidence to the owner and the
building authority that quality requirements are implemented.
Quality Control. System of shop and field controls implemented by the seller and erector to ensure that contract and
company fabrication and erection requirements are met.
Required Strength*. Forces, stress, and deformations produced in a structural component, determined by either structural analysis, for the LRFD or ASD load combinations, as
appropriate, or as specified by these Standard Specifications.
Resistance Factor, . Factor that accounts for unavoidable
deviations of the nominal strength from the actual strength
and for the manner and consequences of failure.
Safety Factor, . Factor that accounts for deviations of the
actual strength from the nominal strength, deviations of the
actual load from the nominal load, uncertainties in the analysis that transforms the load into a load effect and for the
manner and consequences of failure.
Seller. A company certified by the Joist Institute engaged in
the manufacture and distribution of joists, Joist Girders and
accessories.
Service Load. Load under which serviceability limit states
are evaluated.
Serviceability Limit State. Limiting condition affecting the
ability of a structure to preserve its appearance, maintainability, durability, or the comfort of its occupants or function
of machinery, under normal usage.
Slenderness Ratio. The ratio of the effective length of a column to the radius of gyration of the column about the same
axis of bending.
130
Span. The centerline-to-centerline distance between structural steel supports such as a beam, column or Joist Girder
or the clear span distance plus four inches onto a masonry
or concrete wall.
Specified Minimum Yield Stress. Lower limit of yield stress
specified for a material as defined by ASTM.
Specifying Professional. The licensed professional who is
responsible for sealing the building Contract Documents,
which indicates that he or she has performed or supervised the
analysis, design and document preparation for the structure
and has knowledge of the load-carrying structural system.
Splice. Connection between two structural members joined
at their ends by either bolting or welding to form a single,
longer member.
Stability. Condition reached in the loading of a structural component, frame or structure in which a slight disturbance in the
loads or geometry does not produce large displacements.
Stabilizer Plate. A steel plate at a column or wall inserted
between the end of a bottom chord of a joist or Joist Girder.
Standard Specifications. Documents developed and maintained by the Steel Joist Institute for the design and manufacture of open web steel joists and Joist Girders. The term
SJI Standard Specifications encompass by reference the
following:
ANSI/SJI-K-1.1 Standard Specifications for Open Web Steel
Joists,
K-Series;
ANSI/SJI-LH/DLH-1.1
Standard
Specifications for Longspan Steel Joists, LH-Series and Deep
Longspan Steel Joists, DLH-Series; and ANSI/SJI-JG-1.1
Standard Specifications for Joist Girders.
Strength Limit State. Limiting condition affecting the safety
of the structure, in which the ultimate load-carrying capacity
is reached.
Structural Analysis. Determination of load effects on members and connections based on principles of structural
mechanics.
Structural Drawings. The graphic or pictorial portions of the
Contract Documents showing the design, location and
dimensions of the work. These documents generally include
plans, elevations, sections, details, connections, all loads,
schedules, diagrams and notes.
Tagged End. The end of a joist or Joist Girder where an identification or piece mark is shown by a metal tag. The member must be erected with this tagged end in the same position as the tagged end noted on the placement plan.
Tensile Strength (of material). Maximum tensile stress that
a material is capable of sustaining as defined by ASTM.
Tie Joist. A joist that is bolted at a column.
GLOSSARY
Top Chord Extension (TCX). The extended part of a joist top
chord. This type of extension only has the two top chord
angles extended past the joist seat.
Torsional Buckling. Buckling mode in which a compression
member twists about its shear center axis.
Unbraced Length. Distance between braced points of a
member, measured between the centers of gravity of the
bracing members.
Variable Load. Load not classified as permanent load.
Webs. The vertical or diagonal members joined at the top
and bottom chords of a joist or Joist Girder to form triangular
patterns.
Yield Point. First stress in a material at which an increase in
strain occurs without an increase in stress as defined by
ASTM.
Yield Strength. Stress at which a material exhibits a specified limiting deviation from the proportionality of stress to
strain as defined by ASTM.
Yield Stress. Generic term to denote either yield point or
yield strength, as appropriate for the material.
131
APPENDIX A
APPENDIX A JOIST SUBSTITUTES K-SERIES
Joist substitutes are 2.5 inch (64 mm) deep sections intended for use in very short spans (less than 8 feet (2.4 m)) where
Open Web Steel Joists are impractical. They are commonly
specified to span over hallways and short spans in skewed
bays.
LRFD
LRFD
4'-0"
825
825
825
1219
12.03
12.03
12.03
5'-0"
825
338
561
189
405
116
306
76
825
465
778.5
260
562.5
160
426
105
825
1524
1828
12.03
6.78
11.36
3.79
8.21
2.33
6.21
1.53
12.03
825
354
810
218
612
143
12.03
4.93
8.18
2.75
5.91
1.69
4.46
1.10
6'-0"
7'-0"
8'-0"
2133
2438
ASD
ASD
4'-0"
550
550
550
1219
8.02
8.02
8.02
5'-0"
550
338
374
189
270
116
204
76
550
465
519
260
375
160
284
105
550
1524
1828
8.02
6.78
7.57
3.79
5.47
2.33
4.14
1.53
8.02
550
354
540
218
408
143
8.02
4.93
5.45
2.75
3.94
1.69
2.97
1.10
6'-0"
7'-0"
8'-0"
2133
2438
The figures shown in red are the uniform live loads which produce an
approximate deflection of 1/360 of the span.
132
12.03
5.16
11.82
3.18
8.93
2.08
8.02
5.16
7.88
3.18
5.95
2.08
APPENDIX B
APPENDIX B - TOP CHORD EXTENSIONS
AND EXTENDED ENDS, K-SERIES
Joist extensions are commonly furnished to support a variety of overhang conditions. The two types are pictured
below. The first is the TOP CHORD EXTENSION or S
TYPE, which has only the top chord angles extended. The
second is the EXTENDED END or R TYPE in which the
standard 2 1/2 in., (64 mm) end bearing depth is maintained
over the entire length of the extension. The S TYPE extension is so designated because of its Simple nature whereas
the R TYPE involves Reinforcing the top chord angles. The
specifying professional should be aware that an S TYPE
is more economical and should be specified whenever possible.
The following load tables for K-Series TOP CHORD EXTENSIONS and EXTENDED ENDS for LRFD and ASD methods
of design and listed in U.S. Customary and Metric units,
have been developed as an aid to the specifying professional. The black number in the tables is the maximum
allowable uniform load in pounds per linear foot
(kiloNewton/Meter). The red number is the uniform load
which will produce an approximate deflection of L1/240,
where L1 is the length of the extension. The load tables are
EXTENDED END
SPAN
W
L1
It should be noted that an R TYPE extension must be specified when building details dictate a 2 1/2 in., (64 mm) depth at
the end of the extension. In the absence of specific instructions, the joist manufacturer may provide either type.
(64 mm)
2"
W
L1
SPAN
SPAN
W
L1
(64 mm)
2"
133
APPENDIX B
LRFD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (S TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 50 ksi
Pounds per Linear Foot
TYPE
S1
"S"
(in. 3 )
0.099
"I"
(in. 4 )
0.088
S2
0.127
0.138
S3
0.144
0.156
S4
0.160
0.172
S5
0.176
0.188
S6
0.192
0.204
S7
0.241
0.306
S8
0.266
0.332
S9
0.288
0.358
S10
0.380
0.544
S11
0.438
0.622
S12
0.494
0.696
0'-6"
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
1'-0"
544
363
700
422
793
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
1'-6"
267
127
343
200
388
226
432
249
474
272
517
295
649
443
717
481
777
519
825
550
825
550
825
550
2'-0"
157
58
202
91
229
104
255
113
280
124
306
134
384
201
424
219
459
236
606
359
699
410
789
459
LENGTH (L1)
2'-6"
3'-0"
3'-6"
4'-0"
4'-6"
168
60
184
66
202
72
253
108
280
117
303
126
400
192
460
220
520
246
180
64
198
70
214
75
283
115
327
131
369
147
160
48
211
74
243
84
274
94
163
50
189
57
213
64
150
41
169
45
LRFD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (R TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 50 ksi
Pounds per Linear Foot
134
TYPE
R1
"S"
(in. 3)
0.895
"I"
(in.4)
1.119
R2
0.923
1.157
R3
1.039
1.299
R4
1.147
1.433
R5
1.249
1.561
R6
1.352
1.690
R7
1.422
1.802
R8
1.558
1.948
R9
1.673
2.091
R10
1.931
2.414
R11
2.183
2.729
R12
2.413
3.016
0'-6"
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
1'-0"
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
1'-6"
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
2'-0"
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
2'-6"
825
396
825
409
825
459
825
507
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
825
550
LENGTH (L1)
3'-0"
3'-6"
669
498
236
152
690
514
244
157
777
579
274
176
825
639
302
195
825
696
329
212
825
753
357
230
825
792
380
245
825
825
411
265
825
825
442
284
825
825
510
328
825
825
550
371
825
825
550
410
4'-0"
385
103
399
107
448
120
495
132
538
144
583
156
613
167
672
180
721
194
825
224
825
253
825
279
4'-6"
307
73
318
76
358
85
394
94
429
103
465
111
489
119
535
128
576
138
664
159
751
180
825
199
5'-0"
250
54
259
56
292
63
321
69
349
75
379
82
399
87
436
94
469
101
541
117
612
132
676
146
5'-6"
208
41
216
42
243
47
267
52
291
57
315
62
331
66
363
71
390
77
450
89
508
100
562
111
6'-0"
175
32
181
33
205
37
225
41
246
44
265
48
279
51
306
55
328
59
379
69
430
78
475
86
APPENDIX B
ASD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (S TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 50 ksi
Pounds per Linear Foot
TYPE
S1
"S"
(in. 3 )
0.099
"I"
(in. 4 )
0.088
S2
0.127
0.138
S3
0.144
0.156
S4
0.160
0.172
S5
0.176
0.188
S6
0.192
0.204
S7
0.241
0.306
S8
0.266
0.332
S9
0.288
0.358
S10
0.380
0.544
S11
0.438
0.622
S12
0.494
0.696
0'-6"
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
1'-0"
363
363
467
422
529
510
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
1'-6"
178
127
229
200
259
226
288
249
316
272
345
295
433
433
478
481
518
518
550
550
550
550
550
550
2'-0"
105
58
135
91
153
104
170
113
187
124
204
134
256
201
283
219
306
236
404
359
466
410
526
459
LENGTH (L1)
2'-6"
3'-0"
3'-6"
4'-0"
4'-6"
112
60
123
66
135
72
169
108
187
117
202
126
267
192
307
220
347
246
120
64
132
70
143
75
189
115
218
131
246
147
107
48
141
74
162
84
183
94
109
50
126
57
142
64
100
41
113
45
ASD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (R TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 50 ksi
Pounds per Linear Foot
TYPE
R1
"S"
(in. 3)
0.895
"I"
(in.4)
1.119
R2
0.923
1.157
R3
1.039
1.299
R4
1.147
1.433
R5
1.249
1.561
R6
1.352
1.690
R7
1.422
1.802
R8
1.558
1.948
R9
1.673
2.091
R10
1.931
2.414
R11
2.183
2.729
R12
2.413
3.016
0'-6"
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
1'-0"
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
1'-6"
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
2'-0"
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
2'-6"
550
396
550
409
550
459
550
507
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
550
LENGTH (L1)
3'-0"
3'-6"
446
332
236
152
460
343
244
157
518
386
274
176
550
426
302
195
550
464
329
212
550
502
357
230
550
528
380
245
550
550
411
265
550
550
442
284
550
550
510
328
550
550
550
371
550
550
550
410
4'-0"
257
103
266
107
299
120
330
132
359
144
389
156
409
167
448
180
481
194
550
224
550
253
550
279
4'-6"
205
73
212
76
239
85
263
94
286
103
310
111
326
119
357
128
384
138
443
159
501
180
550
199
5'-0"
167
54
173
56
195
63
214
69
233
75
253
82
266
87
291
94
313
101
361
117
408
132
451
146
5'-6"
139
41
144
42
162
47
178
52
194
57
210
62
221
66
242
71
260
77
300
89
339
100
375
111
6'-0"
117
32
121
33
137
37
150
41
164
44
177
48
186
51
204
55
219
59
253
69
287
78
317
86
135
APPENDIX B
LRFD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (S TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 345 MPa
KiloNewtons per Meter (kN/m)
"S"
(mm 3 )
1622
"I"
(mm 4 )
36628
S2
2081
57340
S3
2359
64932
S4
2622
71592
S5
2884
78251
S6
3146
84911
S7
3949
127367
S8
4359
138188
S9
4719
149010
S10
6227
226430
S11
7177
258895
S12
8095
289697
TYPE
S1
152
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
305
7.94
5.42
10.19
8.02
11.55
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
457
3.89
1.85
5.00
2.91
5.66
3.30
6.30
3.63
6.99
3.96
7.55
4.30
9.47
6.46
10.46
7.01
11.325
7.57
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
1219
1372
2.385
0.72
2.745
0.83
3.105
0.93
2.175
0.59
2.46
0.65
LRFD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (R TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 345 MPa
KiloNewtons per Meter (kN/m)
136
TYPE
R1
"S"
(mm 3 )
14666
"I"
(mm 4 )
465762
R2
15174
R3
152
12.03
8.02
305
12.03
8.02
457
12.03
8.02
610
12.03
8.02
1372
4.49
1.06
1524
3.65
0.78
1676
3.03
0.59
1829
2.55
0.46
481579
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
5.96
10.10
3.56
7.53
2.29
5.82
1.56
4.64
1.10
3.78
0.81
3.15
0.61
2.66
0.48
17026
540684
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
6.69
11.34
3.99
8.45
2.56
6.54
1.75
5.21
1.24
4.25
0.91
3.53
0.68
2.97
0.53
R4
18796
596459
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
7.39
12.03
4.40
9.36
2.84
7.22
1.92
5.75
1.37
4.68
1.00
3.89
0.75
3.27
0.59
R5
20467
649763
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
4.80
10.16
3.09
7.85
2.10
6.26
1.50
5.10
1.09
4.25
0.83
3.59
0.64
R6
22155
703430
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
5.21
10.98
3.35
8.51
2.27
6.78
1.61
5.54
1.19
4.59
0.90
3.87
0.70
R7
23300
750048
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
5.54
11.55
3.57
8.94
2.43
7.13
1.73
5.82
1.26
4.83
0.96
4.07
0.74
R8
25531
810818
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
5.99
12.03
3.86
9.80
2.62
7.82
1.86
6.36
1.37
5.30
1.03
4.46
0.80
R9
27415
870339
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
6.45
12.03
4.14
10.52
2.83
8.40
2.01
6.84
1.47
5.69
1.12
4.79
0.86
R10
31643
1004782
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
7.44
12.03
4.76
12.03
3.26
9.69
2.32
7.89
1.70
6.56
1.29
5.54
1.00
R11
35773
1135894
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
5.41
12.03
3.69
10.97
2.62
8.93
1.92
7.41
1.45
6.27
1.13
R12
39542
1255353
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
8.02
12.03
5.98
12.03
4.07
12.03
2.90
9.87
2.13
8.21
1.61
6.93
1.25
APPENDIX B
ASD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (S TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 345 MPa
KiloNewtons per Meter (kN/m)
"S"
(mm 3 )
1622
"I"
(mm 4 )
36628
S2
2081
57340
S3
2359
64932
S4
2622
71592
S5
2884
78251
S6
3146
84911
S7
3949
127367
S8
4359
138188
S9
4719
149010
S10
6227
226430
S11
7177
258895
S12
8095
289697
TYPE
S1
152
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
305
5.29
5.42
6.79
8.02
7.70
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
457
2.59
1.85
3.33
2.91
3.77
3.30
4.20
3.63
4.61
3.96
5.03
4.30
6.31
6.46
6.97
7.01
7.55
7.57
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
1219
1372
1.59
0.72
1.83
0.83
2.07
0.93
1.45
0.59
1.64
0.65
ASD
TOP CHORD EXTENSION LOAD TABLE (R TYPE)
Based on a Maximum Yield Strength of 345 MPa
KiloNewtons per Meter (kN/m)
152
8.02
8.02
305
8.02
8.02
457
8.02
8.02
610
8.02
8.02
1372
2.99
1.06
1524
2.43
0.78
1676
2.02
0.59
1829
1.70
0.46
481579
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
5.96
6.73
3.56
5.02
2.29
3.88
1.56
3.09
1.10
2.52
0.81
2.10
0.61
1.77
0.48
17026
540684
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
6.69
7.56
3.99
5.63
2.56
4.36
1.75
3.47
1.24
2.83
0.91
2.35
0.68
1.98
0.53
R4
18796
596459
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
7.39
8.02
4.40
6.24
2.84
4.81
1.92
3.83
1.37
3.12
1.00
2.59
0.75
2.18
0.59
R5
20467
649763
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
4.80
6.77
3.09
5.23
2.10
4.17
1.50
3.40
1.09
2.83
0.83
2.39
0.64
R6
22155
703430
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
5.21
7.32
3.35
5.67
2.27
4.52
1.61
3.69
1.19
3.06
0.90
2.58
0.70
R7
23300
750048
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
5.54
7.70
3.57
5.96
2.43
4.75
1.73
3.88
1.26
3.22
0.96
2.71
0.74
R8
25531
810818
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
5.99
8.02
3.86
6.53
2.62
5.21
1.86
4.24
1.37
3.53
1.03
2.97
0.80
R9
27415
870339
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
6.45
8.02
4.14
7.01
2.83
5.60
2.01
4.56
1.47
3.79
1.12
3.19
0.86
R10
31643
1004782
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
7.44
8.02
4.78
8.02
3.26
6.46
2.32
5.26
1.70
4.37
1.29
3.69
1.00
R11
35773
1135894
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
5.41
8.02
3.69
7.31
2.62
5.95
1.92
4.94
1.45
4.18
1.13
R12
39542
1255353
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
8.02
5.98
8.02
4.07
8.02
2.90
6.58
2.13
5.47
1.61
4.62
1.25
TYPE
R1
"S"
(mm 3 )
14666
"I"
(mm 4 )
465762
R2
15174
R3
137
APPENDIX C
APPENDIX C - ECONOMY TABLES
K-SERIES
The tables on the following pages are provided as an aid to
the designer in selecting the most economical K-Series
Joists for the loads and spans required. Although considerable care has been taken in developing this chart, it must be
realized that each joist manufacturer has their own unique
cost; consequently, the Steel Joist Institute cannot guarantee
the accuracy of this Table.
LRFD EXAMPLE:
To utilize these tables, determine the span (ft) and load (plf)
required; go to the required span in the left hand column,
then read across until a load equal to or greater than the
required load is reached. The first joist that satisfies this
loading is the most economical joist for those conditions. If
this joist is too deep or too shallow, or does not satisfy the
deflection limitations, continue on horizontally to the right
until a joist is found that satisfies the depth requirements as
well as the load and deflection requirements.
ASD EXAMPLE:
Floor joists @ 2'-6" on center, supporting a structural concrete slab. (Section 5.9 of the K-Series Specifications limits
the deflection due to the design live load to 1/360 of the
span).
Span = 30'- 0"
Maximum joist depth allowed = 20"
DL = 48 psf (includes joist weight)
LL = 100 psf
TL = 148 psf
WTL = 148 x 2.5 = 370 plf
WLL = 100 x 2.5 = 250 plf
A 22K6 at a span of 30 feet can carry 371 plf of Total Load
and possesses a Live Load deflection figure of 266 plf.
However, it exceeds the maximum depth limitation of 20
inches. A 20K7 fulfills the Total Load requirement but possesses a Live Load deflection figure of only 242 plf. It is then
found that a 20K9 is the most economical joist that satisfies
all the requirements of Total Load, Live Load deflection, and
maximum depth limitation.
Where the joist span exceeds the unshaded area of the
table, the row of bridging nearest the midspan shall be diagonal bridging with bolted connections at chords and
midspan.
138
Floor joists @ 2'-6" on center, supporting a structural concrete slab. (Section 5.9 of the K-Series Specifications limits
the deflection due to the design live load to 1/360 of the
span).
Span = 30'- 0"
APPENDIX C
LRFD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
10K1
12K1
8K1
14K1
10
5.0
12
5.0
8
5.1
14
5.2
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
825
550
825
542
825
455
718
363
618
289
537
234
469
192
415
159
369
134
331
113
298
97
825
550
825
510
750
425
651
344
570
282
504
234
448
197
402
167
361
142
327
123
298
106
271
93
249
81
825
550
825
550
825
480
798
377
666
288
565
225
486
179
421
145
369
119
825
550
766
475
672
390
592
324
528
272
472
230
426
197
385
170
351
147
321
128
294
113
270
100
249
88
231
79
214
70
16K2
12K3
14K3
16K3
18K3
14K4
20K3
16K4
12K5
16
5.5
12
5.7
14
6.0
16
6.3
18
6.6
14
6.7
20
6.7
16
7.0
12
7.1
825
550
768
488
684
409
612
347
552
297
499
255
454
222
415
194
381
170
351
150
324
133
300
119
279
106
259
95
241
86
226
78
213
71
825
550
825
510
825
463
814
428
714
351
630
291
561
245
502
207
453
177
409
153
373
132
340
116
312
101
825
550
825
507
825
467
742
404
661
339
592
287
534
246
483
212
439
184
402
160
367
141
339
124
313
110
289
98
270
88
825
550
825
526
762
456
682
386
615
330
556
285
505
247
462
216
424
189
390
167
360
148
334
132
310
118
289
106
270
96
252
87
237
79
825
550
771
494
694
423
630
364
573
316
523
276
480
242
441
214
408
190
378
169
351
151
327
136
304
123
285
111
267
101
252
92
237
84
223
77
211
70
825
550
825
507
825
467
825
443
795
397
712
336
642
287
582
248
529
215
483
188
442
165
408
145
376
129
349
115
324
103
775
517
702
453
639
393
583
344
535
302
493
266
456
236
421
211
391
189
243
170
227
153
212
138
199
126
187
114
176
105
166
96
157
88
148
81
141
74
133
69
127
64
825
550
825
526
825
490
820
452
739
386
670
333
609
289
556
252
510
221
469
195
433
173
402
155
373
138
232
124
216
112
203
101
190
92
825
550
825
510
825
463
825
434
825
396
825
366
760
317
681
269
613
230
555
198
505
172
462
150
423
132
18K4
16K5
20K4
18
7.2
16
7.5
20
7.6
825
550
825
523
825
490
759
426
690
370
630
323
577
284
532
250
492
222
454
198
423
177
394
159
367
144
343
130
322
118
303
108
285
98
268
90
253
82
550
550
550
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
754
373
687
323
627
282
576
248
529
219
489
194
453
173
421
155
391
139
366
126
342
114
321
103
825
550
825
520
771
461
703
402
645
353
594
312
549
277
508
247
472
221
439
199
411
179
384
162
360
147
339
134
318
122
300
112
283
103
268
95
255
87
241
81
229
75
139
APPENDIX C
LRFD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
140
14K6
14
7.7
825
550
825
507
825
467
825
443
825
408
825
383
787
347
712
299
648
259
592
226
543
199
501
175
462
156
427
139
397
124
18K5
22K4
16K6
20K5
24K4
18K6
16K7
22K5
20K6
18K7
22K6
20K7
24K5
22K7
24K6
18
7.7
22
8.0
16
8.1
20
8.2
24
8.4
18
8.5
16
8.6
22
8.8
20
8.9
18
9.0
22
9.2
20
9.3
24
9.3
22
9.7
24
9.7
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
777
414
709
362
651
318
600
281
553
249
513
222
477
199
444
179
414
161
387
146
363
132
342
121
321
110
303
101
286
92
825
548
777
491
712
431
657
381
606
338
561
301
522
270
486
242
453
219
424
198
397
180
373
164
352
149
331
137
313
126
297
116
280
107
267
98
253
91
241
85
229
79
219
73
208
68
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
822
405
747
351
682
307
627
269
576
238
532
211
493
188
459
168
427
151
399
137
373
124
349
112
825
550
825
520
825
490
793
451
727
396
669
350
618
310
573
277
532
248
495
223
462
201
433
182
406
165
254
150
358
137
339
126
319
115
303
106
286
98
271
90
258
84
780
516
718
456
663
405
615
361
571
323
531
290
496
262
465
237
435
215
273
196
257
179
363
164
343
150
324
138
307
128
292
118
277
109
264
101
252
94
240
88
229
82
219
76
208
71
199
67
192
63
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
774
393
709
345
652
305
603
271
558
241
519
216
483
194
451
175
421
158
396
144
248
131
233
120
330
110
312
101
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
825
406
825
385
760
339
697
298
642
263
592
233
549
208
510
186
475
167
444
151
415
137
388
124
825
548
825
518
804
483
739
427
682
379
633
337
588
302
547
272
511
245
478
222
448
201
421
183
397
167
373
153
354
141
334
130
316
119
300
110
285
102
271
95
259
88
247
82
235
76
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
792
430
729
380
673
337
624
301
579
269
540
242
504
218
471
198
442
179
415
163
391
149
369
137
348
125
330
115
312
106
297
98
282
91
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
825
418
789
382
727
337
672
299
622
267
577
239
538
215
502
194
469
175
441
159
414
145
390
132
367
121
348
111
825
548
825
518
825
495
805
464
744
411
688
367
640
328
597
295
556
266
520
241
489
219
459
199
432
182
408
167
385
153
364
141
345
130
327
120
310
111
295
103
282
96
268
89
256
83
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
825
448
811
421
750
373
694
333
645
298
601
268
561
242
525
219
492
199
463
181
435
165
411
151
388
139
367
128
348
118
330
109
313
101
825
544
810
511
748
453
693
404
643
362
600
325
559
293
523
266
490
241
462
220
435
201
409
184
387
169
366
155
346
143
328
132
312
122
297
114
283
106
270
98
258
92
246
86
235
80
225
75
216
70
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
768
406
712
364
664
327
619
295
580
267
544
242
511
221
481
202
454
185
429
169
406
156
384
144
364
133
346
123
330
114
313
106
300
99
286
92
825
544
825
520
814
493
754
439
700
393
652
354
609
319
570
289
535
262
502
239
472
218
445
200
421
183
399
169
378
156
358
144
340
133
324
124
309
115
294
107
280
100
268
93
256
87
246
82
235
77
APPENDIX C
LRFD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt
(lbs/ft.)
26K5
16K9
24K7
18K9
26K6
20K9
26K7
22K9
28K6
24K8
18K10
28K7
24K9
26K8
20K10
26
16
24
18
26
20
26
22
28
24
18
28
24
26
20
26K9
26
9.8
10
10.1
10.2
10.6
10.8
10.9
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.7
11.8
12
12.1
12.2
12.2
Span (ft.)
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
813
535
753
477
699
427
651
384
607
346
568
314
534
285
501
259
472
237
445
217
420
199
397
183
376
169
357
156
340
145
322
134
307
125
294
116
280
108
268
101
256
95
246
89
235
83
225
78
216
73
208
69
199
65
825
550
825
526
825
490
825
455
825
426
825
406
825
385
825
363
825
346
771
311
711
276
658
246
612
220
570
198
532
178
498
161
466
147
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
781
436
727
392
679
353
636
320
595
290
559
265
526
242
496
221
469
203
444
187
421
172
399
159
379
148
361
137
343
127
328
118
313
110
298
103
286
97
274
90
262
85
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
825
418
825
396
825
377
807
354
747
315
694
282
646
254
603
229
564
207
529
188
498
171
468
156
441
143
417
132
825
541
820
519
762
464
709
417
661
377
619
341
580
309
546
282
514
257
484
236
457
216
433
199
411
184
390
170
370
157
352
146
336
136
319
126
306
118
291
110
279
103
267
96
256
90
246
85
235
80
226
75
217
71
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
825
448
825
426
825
405
825
389
775
353
723
317
675
286
631
259
592
235
556
214
523
195
493
179
466
164
441
151
418
139
397
129
376
119
825
541
825
522
825
501
790
463
738
417
690
378
648
343
609
312
573
285
540
261
510
240
483
221
457
204
433
188
412
174
393
162
373
150
357
140
340
131
325
122
310
114
298
107
285
100
274
94
262
89
252
83
243
79
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
825
432
825
413
798
387
745
349
697
316
654
287
615
261
579
239
546
219
516
201
487
185
462
170
438
157
417
146
396
135
378
126
360
117
343
109
822
541
766
486
715
439
669
397
627
361
589
329
555
300
523
275
495
252
468
232
444
214
420
198
399
183
379
170
361
158
345
147
330
137
315
128
301
120
288
112
276
105
265
99
255
93
244
88
235
83
226
78
217
74
210
70
202
66
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
804
429
750
387
702
350
658
318
619
289
582
264
549
242
519
222
490
205
465
189
441
174
420
161
399
150
379
139
363
130
346
121
330
113
316
106
303
99
291
93
825
550
825
523
825
490
825
460
825
438
825
418
825
396
825
377
825
361
825
347
822
331
766
298
715
269
669
243
627
221
589
201
555
184
523
168
495
154
825
543
825
522
796
486
745
440
699
400
657
364
618
333
583
305
550
280
522
257
493
237
469
219
445
203
424
189
403
175
385
163
367
152
351
142
336
133
321
125
309
117
295
110
283
103
273
97
262
92
252
87
243
82
234
77
226
73
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
825
436
816
419
765
379
717
344
673
313
634
286
598
262
565
241
534
222
507
204
480
189
456
175
435
162
414
151
394
140
376
131
360
122
345
114
330
107
316
101
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
816
457
763
413
715
375
672
342
633
312
597
286
564
263
534
242
505
223
480
206
456
191
433
177
412
164
394
153
376
143
360
133
343
125
328
117
315
110
303
103
291
97
279
91
268
86
825
550
825
520
825
490
825
468
825
448
825
426
825
405
825
389
825
375
825
359
799
336
748
304
702
276
660
251
621
229
585
210
553
193
523
178
496
164
471
151
447
140
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
825
459
825
444
778
407
732
370
688
338
649
310
613
284
580
262
550
241
522
223
496
207
472
192
450
178
429
166
409
155
391
145
375
135
358
127
343
119
330
112
316
105
304
99
292
93
141
APPENDIX C
LRFD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
30K7
22K10
28K8
28K9
24K10
30K8
30K9
22K11
26K10
28K10
30K10
24K12
30K11
26K12
28K12
30K12
30
12.3
22
12.6
28
12.7
28
13
24
13.1
30
13.2
30
13.4
22
13.8
26
13.8
28
14.3
30
15
24
16
30
16.4
26
16.6
28
17.1
30
17.6
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
142
825
543
801
508
751
461
706
420
664
384
627
351
592
323
559
297
531
274
504
253
478
234
454
217
433
202
414
188
394
176
376
164
361
153
345
144
331
135
318
127
304
119
292
112
282
106
271
100
261
94
252
89
243
84
234
80
226
76
219
72
211
69
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
825
432
825
413
825
399
825
385
825
369
775
337
729
307
687
280
648
257
612
236
579
217
549
200
520
185
495
171
471
159
448
148
427
138
408
128
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
772
438
726
399
684
364
645
333
609
306
576
282
546
260
519
240
492
222
468
206
445
192
426
179
406
167
388
156
372
146
355
136
340
128
327
120
313
113
301
106
289
100
279
95
268
89
259
85
249
80
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
823
463
790
432
744
395
702
361
663
332
627
305
594
282
564
260
535
241
510
224
486
208
463
194
442
181
423
169
405
158
387
148
370
139
355
130
342
123
328
115
315
109
304
103
292
97
282
92
271
87
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
825
436
825
422
825
410
823
393
798
368
753
337
709
308
670
283
634
260
601
240
570
222
541
206
516
191
490
177
468
165
447
154
427
144
408
135
391
126
375
118
825
543
825
520
823
500
780
460
735
420
693
384
654
353
619
325
586
300
556
277
529
256
502
238
480
221
457
206
436
192
417
179
399
168
382
157
366
148
351
139
337
130
324
123
312
116
300
109
288
103
277
98
268
92
259
88
250
83
241
79
234
75
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
712
383
673
352
639
325
606
300
576
278
547
258
522
240
498
223
475
208
454
195
435
182
415
171
399
160
382
150
367
141
352
133
339
126
327
119
313
112
303
106
292
100
282
95
271
90
262
86
253
81
825
548
825
518
825
495
825
474
825
454
825
432
825
413
825
399
825
385
825
369
823
355
798
334
774
314
741
292
700
269
663
247
628
228
595
211
565
195
538
181
513
168
489
157
466
146
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
825
459
825
444
823
431
798
404
774
378
751
356
729
334
690
308
654
284
619
262
589
243
561
225
534
210
508
195
486
182
465
170
444
159
426
149
408
140
391
131
375
124
361
116
346
110
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
823
463
798
435
774
410
751
389
730
366
711
344
691
325
670
306
636
284
606
263
576
245
550
228
525
212
501
198
480
186
459
174
441
163
423
153
405
144
390
136
375
128
360
121
348
114
334
108
322
102
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
730
392
711
374
691
353
673
333
657
315
640
300
619
282
591
263
564
245
538
229
516
214
493
201
472
188
454
177
436
166
418
157
402
148
387
140
373
132
360
125
346
118
334
112
322
106
312
101
301
96
825
544
825
520
825
499
825
479
825
456
825
436
825
422
825
410
823
393
798
368
774
344
751
324
730
306
711
290
691
275
673
261
657
247
640
235
625
224
609
213
580
199
555
185
531
174
508
163
487
153
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
730
392
711
374
691
353
673
333
657
315
640
300
625
284
610
270
597
258
583
246
570
236
558
226
543
215
520
202
499
190
480
179
462
169
444
159
427
150
412
142
397
135
384
128
370
121
358
115
346
109
825
541
825
522
825
501
825
479
825
459
825
444
823
431
798
404
774
378
751
356
730
334
711
315
691
299
673
283
657
269
640
256
625
244
610
232
597
222
583
212
570
203
553
192
529
180
508
169
487
159
469
150
451
142
825
543
825
522
825
500
825
480
823
463
798
435
774
410
751
389
730
366
711
344
691
325
673
308
657
291
640
277
625
264
610
252
597
240
583
229
570
219
558
210
547
201
535
193
525
185
507
175
487
165
469
156
451
147
435
139
420
132
825
543
825
520
823
500
798
468
774
441
751
415
730
392
711
374
691
353
673
333
657
315
640
300
625
284
610
270
597
258
583
246
570
236
558
226
547
216
535
207
525
199
514
192
504
184
495
177
486
170
468
161
451
153
435
145
420
137
406
130
393
124
APPENDIX C
ASD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
10K1
12K1
8K1
14K1
16K2
12K3
14K3
16K3
18K3
14K4
20K3
16K4
12K5
18K4
16K5
10
12
14
16
12
14
16
18
14
20
16
12
18
16
20
5.0
5.0
5.1
5.2
5.5
5.7
6.0
6.3
6.6
6.7
6.7
7.0
7.1
7.2
7.5
7.6
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
550
550
550
542
550
455
479
363
412
289
358
234
313
192
277
159
246
134
221
113
199
97
550
550
550
510
500
425
434
344
380
282
336
234
299
197
268
167
241
142
218
123
199
106
181
93
166
81
550
550
550
550
550
480
532
377
444
288
377
225
324
179
281
145
246
119
550
550
511
475
448
390
395
324
352
272
315
230
284
197
257
170
234
147
214
128
196
113
180
100
166
88
154
79
143
70
550
550
512
488
456
409
408
347
368
297
333
255
303
222
277
194
254
170
234
150
216
133
200
119
186
106
173
95
161
86
151
78
142
71
550
550
550
510
550
463
543
428
476
351
420
291
374
245
335
207
302
177
273
153
249
132
227
116
208
101
550
550
550
507
550
467
495
404
441
339
395
287
356
246
322
212
293
184
268
160
245
141
226
124
209
110
193
98
180
88
550
550
550
526
508
456
455
386
410
330
371
285
337
247
308
216
283
189
260
167
240
148
223
132
207
118
193
106
180
96
168
87
158
79
550
550
514
494
463
423
420
364
382
316
349
276
320
242
294
214
272
190
252
169
234
151
218
136
203
123
190
111
178
101
168
92
158
84
149
77
141
70
550
550
550
507
550
467
550
443
530
397
475
336
428
287
388
248
353
215
322
188
295
165
272
145
251
129
233
115
216
103
517
517
468
453
426
393
389
344
357
302
329
266
304
236
281
211
261
189
243
170
227
153
212
138
199
126
187
114
176
105
166
96
157
88
148
81
141
74
133
69
127
64
550
550
550
526
550
490
547
452
493
386
447
333
406
289
371
252
340
221
313
195
289
173
268
155
249
138
232
124
216
112
203
101
190
92
550
550
550
510
550
463
550
434
550
396
550
366
507
317
454
269
409
230
370
198
337
172
308
150
282
132
550
550
550
523
550
490
506
426
460
370
420
323
385
284
355
250
328
222
303
198
282
177
263
159
245
144
229
130
215
118
202
108
190
98
179
90
169
82
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
503
373
458
323
418
282
384
248
353
219
326
194
302
173
281
155
261
139
244
126
228
114
214
103
20K4
550
550
550
520
514
461
469
402
430
353
396
312
366
277
339
247
315
221
293
199
274
179
256
162
240
147
226
134
212
122
200
112
189
103
179
95
170
87
161
81
153
75
143
APPENDIX C
ASD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
144
14K6
18K5
22K4
16K6
20K5
24K4
18K6
16K7
22K5
20K6
18K7
22K6
20K7
24K5
22K7
14
18
22
16
20
24
18
16
22
20
18
22
20
24
22
24
7.7
7.7
8.0
8.1
8.2
8.4
8.5
8.6
8.8
8.9
9.0
9.2
9.3
9.3
9.7
9.7
550
550
550
507
550
467
550
443
550
408
550
383
525
347
475
299
432
259
395
226
362
199
334
175
308
156
285
139
265
124
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
518
414
473
362
434
318
400
281
369
249
342
222
318
199
296
179
276
161
258
146
242
132
228
121
214
110
202
101
191
92
550
548
518
491
475
431
438
381
404
338
374
301
348
270
324
242
302
219
283
198
265
180
249
164
235
149
221
137
209
126
198
116
187
107
178
98
169
91
161
85
153
79
146
73
139
68
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
548
405
498
351
455
307
418
269
384
238
355
211
329
188
306
168
285
151
266
137
249
124
233
112
550
550
550
520
550
490
529
451
485
396
446
350
412
310
382
277
355
248
330
223
308
201
289
182
271
165
254
150
239
137
226
126
213
115
202
106
191
98
181
90
172
84
520
516
479
456
442
405
410
361
381
323
354
290
331
262
310
237
290
215
273
196
257
179
242
164
229
150
216
138
205
128
195
118
185
109
176
101
168
94
160
88
153
82
146
76
139
71
133
67
128
63
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
516
393
473
345
435
305
402
271
372
241
346
216
322
194
301
175
281
158
264
144
248
131
233
120
220
110
208
101
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
550
406
550
385
507
339
465
298
428
263
395
233
366
208
340
186
317
167
296
151
277
137
259
124
550
548
550
518
536
483
493
427
455
379
422
337
392
302
365
272
341
245
319
222
299
201
281
183
265
167
249
153
236
141
223
130
211
119
200
110
190
102
181
95
173
88
165
82
157
76
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
528
430
486
380
449
337
416
301
386
269
360
242
336
218
314
198
295
179
277
163
261
149
246
137
232
125
220
115
208
106
198
98
188
91
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
550
418
526
382
485
337
448
299
415
267
385
239
359
215
335
194
313
175
294
159
276
145
260
132
245
121
232
111
550
548
550
518
550
495
537
464
496
411
459
367
427
328
398
295
371
266
347
241
326
219
306
199
288
182
272
167
257
153
243
141
230
130
218
120
207
111
197
103
188
96
179
89
171
83
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
550
448
541
421
500
373
463
333
430
298
401
268
374
242
350
219
328
199
309
181
290
165
274
151
259
139
245
128
232
118
220
109
209
101
550
544
540
511
499
453
462
404
429
362
400
325
373
293
349
266
327
241
308
220
290
201
273
184
258
169
244
155
231
143
219
132
208
122
198
114
189
106
180
98
172
92
164
86
157
80
150
75
144
70
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
512
406
475
364
443
327
413
295
387
267
363
242
341
221
321
202
303
185
286
169
271
156
256
144
243
133
231
123
220
114
209
106
200
99
191
92
24K6
550
544
550
520
543
493
503
439
467
393
435
354
406
319
380
289
357
262
335
239
315
218
297
200
281
183
266
169
252
156
239
144
227
133
216
124
206
115
196
107
187
100
179
93
171
87
164
82
157
77
APPENDIX C
ASD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
26K5
16K9
24K7
18K9
26K6
20K9
26K7
22K9
28K6
24K8
18K10
28K7
24K9
26K8
20K10
26
16
24
18
26
20
26
22
28
24
18
28
24
26
20
26
9.8
10
10.1
10.2
10.6
10.8
10.9
11.3
11.4
11.5
11.7
11.8
12
12.1
12.2
12.2
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
542
535
502
477
466
427
434
384
405
346
379
314
356
285
334
259
315
237
297
217
280
199
265
183
251
169
238
156
227
145
215
134
205
125
196
116
187
108
179
101
171
95
164
89
157
83
150
78
144
73
139
69
133
65
550
550
550
526
550
490
550
455
550
426
550
406
550
385
550
363
550
346
514
311
474
276
439
246
408
220
380
198
355
178
332
161
311
147
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
521
436
485
392
453
353
424
320
397
290
373
265
351
242
331
221
313
203
296
187
281
172
266
159
253
148
241
137
229
127
219
118
209
110
199
103
191
97
183
90
175
85
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
550
418
550
396
550
377
538
354
498
315
463
282
431
254
402
229
376
207
353
188
332
171
312
156
294
143
278
132
550
541
547
519
508
464
473
417
441
377
413
341
387
309
364
282
343
257
323
236
305
216
289
199
274
184
260
170
247
157
235
146
224
136
213
126
204
118
194
110
186
103
178
96
171
90
164
85
157
80
151
75
145
71
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
550
448
550
426
550
405
550
389
517
353
482
317
450
286
421
259
395
235
371
214
349
195
329
179
311
164
294
151
279
139
265
129
251
119
550
541
550
522
550
501
527
463
492
417
460
378
432
343
406
312
382
285
360
261
340
240
322
221
305
204
289
188
275
174
262
162
249
150
238
140
227
131
217
122
207
114
199
107
190
100
183
94
175
89
168
83
162
79
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
550
432
550
413
532
387
497
349
465
316
436
287
410
261
386
239
364
219
344
201
325
185
308
170
292
157
278
146
264
135
252
126
240
117
229
109
548
541
511
486
477
439
446
397
418
361
393
329
370
300
349
275
330
252
312
232
296
214
280
198
266
183
253
170
241
158
230
147
220
137
210
128
201
120
192
112
184
105
177
99
170
93
163
88
157
83
151
78
145
74
140
70
135
66
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
536
429
500
387
468
350
439
318
413
289
388
264
366
242
346
222
327
205
310
189
294
174
280
161
266
150
253
139
242
130
231
121
220
113
211
106
202
99
194
93
550
550
550
523
550
490
550
460
550
438
550
418
550
396
550
377
550
361
550
347
548
331
511
298
477
269
446
243
418
221
393
201
370
184
349
168
330
154
550
543
550
522
531
486
497
440
466
400
438
364
412
333
389
305
367
280
348
257
329
237
313
219
297
203
283
189
269
175
257
163
245
152
234
142
224
133
214
125
206
117
197
110
189
103
182
97
175
92
168
87
162
82
156
77
151
73
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
550
436
544
419
510
379
478
344
449
313
423
286
399
262
377
241
356
222
338
204
320
189
304
175
290
162
276
151
263
140
251
131
240
122
230
114
220
107
211
101
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
544
457
509
413
477
375
448
342
422
312
398
286
376
263
356
242
337
223
320
206
304
191
289
177
275
164
263
153
251
143
240
133
229
125
219
117
210
110
202
103
194
97
186
91
179
86
550
550
550
520
550
490
550
468
550
448
550
426
550
405
550
389
550
375
550
359
533
336
499
304
468
276
440
251
414
229
390
210
369
193
349
178
331
164
314
151
298
140
26K9
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
550
459
550
444
519
407
488
370
459
338
433
310
409
284
387
262
367
241
348
223
331
207
315
192
300
178
286
166
273
155
261
145
250
135
239
127
229
119
220
112
211
105
203
99
195
93
145
APPENDIX C
ASD
ECONOMY TABLE FOR OPEN WEB STEEL JOISTS, K-SERIES
Based on a 50 ksi Maximum Yield Strength - Loads Shown in Pounds per Linear Foot (plf)
Joist
Designation
Depth (In.)
Approx. Wt.
(lbs/ft.)
Span (ft.)
30K7
22K10
28K8
28K9
24K10
30K8
30K9
22K11
26K10
28K10
30K10
24K12
30K11
26K12
28K12
30K12
30
12.3
22
12.6
28
12.7
28
13
24
13.1
30
13.2
30
13.4
22
13.8
26
13.8
28
14.3
30
15
24
16
30
16.4
26
16.6
28
17.1
30
17.6
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
146
550
543
534
508
501
461
471
420
443
384
418
351
395
323
373
297
354
274
336
253
319
234
303
217
289
202
276
188
263
176
251
164
241
153
230
144
221
135
212
127
203
119
195
112
188
106
181
100
174
94
168
89
162
84
156
80
151
76
146
72
141
69
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
550
432
550
413
550
399
550
385
550
369
517
337
486
307
458
280
432
257
408
236
386
217
366
200
347
185
330
171
314
159
299
148
285
138
272
128
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
515
438
484
399
456
364
430
333
406
306
384
282
364
260
346
240
328
222
312
206
297
192
284
179
271
167
259
156
248
146
237
136
227
128
218
120
209
113
201
106
193
100
186
95
179
89
173
85
166
80
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
549
463
527
432
496
395
468
361
442
332
418
305
396
282
376
260
357
241
340
224
324
208
309
194
295
181
282
169
270
158
258
148
247
139
237
130
228
123
219
115
210
109
203
103
195
97
188
92
181
87
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
550
436
550
422
550
410
549
393
532
368
502
337
473
308
447
283
423
260
401
240
380
222
361
206
344
191
327
177
312
165
298
154
285
144
272
135
261
126
250
118
550
543
550
520
549
500
520
460
490
420
462
384
436
353
413
325
391
300
371
277
353
256
335
238
320
221
305
206
291
192
278
179
266
168
255
157
244
148
234
139
225
130
216
123
208
116
200
109
192
103
185
98
179
92
173
88
167
83
161
79
156
75
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
475
383
449
352
426
325
404
300
384
278
365
258
348
240
332
223
317
208
303
195
290
182
277
171
266
160
255
150
245
141
235
133
226
126
218
119
209
112
202
106
195
100
188
95
181
90
175
86
169
81
550
548
550
518
550
495
550
474
550
454
550
432
550
413
550
399
550
385
550
369
549
355
532
334
516
314
494
292
467
269
442
247
419
228
397
211
377
195
359
181
342
168
326
157
311
146
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
550
459
550
444
549
431
532
404
516
378
501
356
486
334
460
308
436
284
413
262
393
243
374
225
356
210
339
195
324
182
310
170
296
159
284
149
272
140
261
131
250
124
241
116
231
110
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
549
463
532
435
516
410
501
389
487
366
474
344
461
325
447
306
424
284
404
263
384
245
367
228
350
212
334
198
320
186
306
174
294
163
282
153
270
144
260
136
250
128
240
121
232
114
223
108
215
102
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
487
392
474
374
461
353
449
333
438
315
427
300
413
282
394
263
376
245
359
229
344
214
329
201
315
188
303
177
291
166
279
157
268
148
258
140
249
132
240
125
231
118
223
112
215
106
208
101
201
96
550
544
550
520
550
499
550
479
550
456
550
436
550
422
550
410
549
393
532
368
516
344
501
324
487
306
474
290
461
275
449
261
438
247
427
235
417
224
406
213
387
199
370
185
354
174
339
163
325
153
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
487
392
474
374
461
353
449
333
438
315
427
300
417
284
407
270
398
258
389
246
380
236
372
226
362
215
347
202
333
190
320
179
308
169
296
159
285
150
275
142
265
135
256
128
247
121
239
115
231
109
550
541
550
522
550
501
550
479
550
459
550
444
549
431
532
404
516
378
501
356
487
334
474
315
461
299
449
283
438
269
427
256
417
244
407
232
398
222
389
212
380
203
369
192
353
180
339
169
325
159
313
150
301
142
550
543
550
522
550
500
550
480
549
463
532
435
516
410
501
389
487
366
474
344
461
325
449
308
438
291
427
277
417
264
407
252
398
240
389
229
380
219
372
210
365
201
357
193
350
185
338
175
325
165
313
156
301
147
290
139
280
132
550
543
550
520
549
500
532
468
516
441
501
415
487
392
474
374
461
353
449
333
438
315
427
300
417
284
407
270
398
258
389
246
380
236
372
226
365
216
357
207
350
199
343
192
336
184
330
177
324
170
312
161
301
153
290
145
280
137
271
130
262
124
APPENDIX D
APPENDIX D - FIRE-RESISTANCE RATINGS
WITH STEEL JOISTS
The Underwriters Laboratories (U.L.) Fire Resistance
Directory lists hundreds of assemblies and their fire resistance ratings. The Specifying Professional can choose
between numerous Floor-Ceiling and Roof-Ceiling assemblies that include steel joists and Joist Girders.
As a convenience, a selected number of assemblies are listed on the following pages. In addition, the Steel Joist
Institutes Technical Digest #10 Design of Fire Resistive
Assemblies with Steel Joists has a complete listing of steel
joist assemblies and additional information about fire ratings.
However, the listing that follows and the Technical Digest are
intended as a guide only, and the Specifying Professional
must refer to the current U.L. Fire Resistance Directory for
complete design requirements.
Hundreds of fire tests on steel joist-supported assemblies
have been conducted at nationally recognized testing laboratories in accordance with ASTM Standard E119, ANSI
A2.1/UL 263, and NFPA 251. Because of practical loading
restrictions and limitations of furnace dimensions, the vast
majority of these tests were run using lightweight joists
normally from 8 inches to 14 inches (203 mm to 356 mm)
deep. This practice was advantageous in that it established
the minimum acceptable joists at the shallow and lightweight end of the joist load tables. This also resulted in a
specified minimum joist designation being listed in the U.L.
Fire Resistance Assembly, which is the joist that combines
the required minimum depth and minimum weight per foot.
Joists of the same series which equal or exceed the specified minimum joist depth and joist weight per foot may be
used provided the accessories are compatible. The dimension from the bottom chord of the joists to the ceiling,
whether given or calculated, is a minimum.
Where a U.L. Fire Resistance Assembly is being utilized, the
Specifying Professional shall indicate the assembly number
being used on the structural contract drawings. In addition,
the Specifying Professional shall consider the following, as
applicable:
Note that the maximum joist spacing shown for FloorCeiling Assemblies may be increased from the spacing
listed in the U.L. Fire Resistance Directory to a maximum of 48 inches on center, provided the floor slab
meets the structural requirements and the spacing of
hanger wires supporting the ceiling is not increased.
Some assemblies stipulate an allowable maximum joist
design stress level less than the 30 ksi (207 MPa) used
in the joist and Joist Girder Specifications. It is the
responsibility of the Specifying Professional to apply the
proper stress level reductions (when applicable) when
selecting joists and/or Joist Girders. This is accomplished by prorating the joist and/or Joist Girder capacities. To adjust the stress level of joists or Joist Girders,
multiply the design load by the ratio of the joist design
stress to the required maximum [e.g. 30/26 (207/179),
30/24 (207/165), 30/22 (207/152)], and then using this
increased load, select a joist or Joist Girder from the
load and/or weight tables.
Some U.L. Roof-Ceiling Assemblies using direct applied
protection limit the spacing of the joists for certain types
and gages of metal decking refer to the U.L. Fire
Resistance Directory for this information.
Where fire protective materials are to be applied directly to the steel joists or Joist Girders, it is often desired to
have the joist furnished as unpainted. The Specifying
Professional should indicate on the structural contract
drawings if the joists or Joist Girders are to be painted
or not.
Certain older U.L. fire rated assemblies may refer to joist
series that predate the K-Series joists. Where one of
these assemblies is selected, refer to the U.L Fire
Resistance Directory for special provisions for substituting a K-Series joist in lieu of an S-, J-, and/or H-Series
joist.
147
APPENDIX D
FLOOR CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH MEMBRANE PROTECTION
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
1 Hr.
Concrete
Minimum
Type
Thickness (in.)
Protection
Material
Minimum Joist
Size
Acoustical
12K1, 18LH02
2.5
10K1
2.5
10K1
Exposed Grid
Gypsum Board
10K1
2.5
10K1
2.5
12K1, 18LH02
Gypsum Board
72
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G205
72
W6 x 12
G208
72
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G256
48
W8 x 24
G548
20G@13plf
W8 x 15
D216
NL
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
10K1
2.5
72
10K1
72
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
10K1
2.5
10K1
D219
D219
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
D502
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
G203
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G205
W6 x 12
G208
G213
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 31
G228
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 24
G229
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
G243
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 31
G268
12K1
NS
G502
20G@13plf
W8 x 15
D216
NW
NW
24 (48)
LW, NW
12K1, 18LH02
2.5
Gypsum Board
NL
2.25
8K1
2.5
NW
10K1
D219
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
D502
24 (48)
W6 x 25
G023
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 20
G031
30 (48)
20G@13plf
W10 x 21
G036
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
G203
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G205
NW
10K1
2 Hr.
Exposed Grid
D216
20G@13plf
W8 x 15
NW
Acoustical
Concealed Grid
NW
2.5
Gypsum Board
Exposed Grid
NW
UL Design
Number
NL
LW, NW
Acoustical
1 1/2 Hr.
LW, NW
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Primary Support
Spacing (in.)
Member
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
10K1
2.5
72
10K1
2.5
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
W8 x 31
G227
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 31
G228
NW
72
W6 x 12
G208
G213
148
APPENDIX D
FLOOR CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH MEMBRANE PROTECTION
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
Minimum Joist
Size
Concrete
Minimum
Type
Thickness (in.)
10K1
2.5
10K1
2.5
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Spacing (in.) Primary Support
Member
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 24
G229
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
G243
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G256
NW
Exposed Grid
10K1
2.5
72
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 31
G268
10K1
24 (48)
NS
G505
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@14plf *
W8 x 31
G514
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W10 x 21
G523
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 24
G529
10K1
2.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W10 x 21
G547
12K1, 18LH02
3.25
NL
20G@13plf
W8 x 15
10K1
3.5
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 20
G033
20G@13plf
W10 x 21
G036
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G205
2 Hr.
Gypsum Board
Acoustical
Concealed Grid
LW, NW
D216
D219
10K1
3.25
30 (48)
10K1
3.5
48
10K1
3.5
24 (48)
W6 x 12
G213
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 24
G229
20G@14plf *
W6 x 12
G256
3.25
Exposed Grid
NW
10K1
3.5
48
2.63
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 31
G268
10K1
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W10 x 21
G523
10K1
2.75
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W8 x 24
G529
10K1
24 (48)
20G@13plf
W10 x 21
G547
10K1
(22 ksi max.)
Gypsum Board
NW
NW
10K1
3 Hr.
UL Design
Number
NW
149
APPENDIX D
FLOOR CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH SPRAY APPLIED FIRE RESISTIVE MATERIALS
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
Minimum Joist
Size
NS
2.5
10K1
2.5
10K1
2.5
NS
3.25
LW
2.5
LW
3.5
NW
NS
LW, NW
10K1*
16K6*
16K6
1 Hr.
SAFRM
16K6*
16K6
2.5
LW, NW
LW
3.75
NW
2.5
16K6*
2.5
LW, NW
LW
3.75
NW
NS
2.5
10K1
2.5
2.5
3.25
LW
LW
NW
2.5
LW, NW
3.5
LW
4.5
NW
2.5
LW, NW
3.5
LW
4.5
NW
16K6
16K6*
16K6
16K6*
2.5
NS
2.5
16K6*
12K5
NL
W8 x 28
D780
D782
D925
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G701
50.5
NS
G702
42
NS
G705
50.5
NS
G706
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G708
42
W8 x 28
G709
42
20g@20plf
W8 x 24
G801
50.5
NS
G802
D759
NS
16K6*
D779
LW, NW
10K1
10K1*
SAFRM
LW
NW
NS
UL Design
Number
D759
2.5
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Primary Support
Spacing
Member
LW, NW
3.75
16K6*
12K1
1 1/2 Hr.
Concrete
Minimum
Type
Thickness (in.)
LW, NW
2.5
3.5
LW
4.5
NW
D779
NL
W8 x 28
D780
D782
D925
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G701
50.5
NS
G702
42
NS
G705
50.5
NS
G706
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G708
42
W8 x 28
G709
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 24
G801
50.5
NS
G802
(Continued Next Page)
150
APPENDIX D
FLOOR CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH SPRAY APPLIED FIRE RESISTIVE MATERIALS
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
Minimum Joist
Size
NS
2.5
10K1
2.5
10K1
2.5
NS
10K1*
16K6*
16K6
2 Hr.
SAFRM
16K6*
16K6
2.5
LW, NW
LW
5.25
NW
2.5
LW,NW
LW
5.25
NW
LW, NW
2.5
4
LW
5.25
NW
NS
2.5
2.5
D779
NL
W8 x 28
D780
D782
D925
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G701
50.5
NS
G702
42
NS
G705
50.5
NS
G706
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G708
42
W8 x 28
G709
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 24
G801
50.5
NS
G802
D759
D779
LW, NW
10K1
2.5
NS
3.25
LW
4.19
LW
5.25
NW
NL
W8 x 28
D780
D782
D925
16K6*
NS
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G701
16K6*
2.75
42
NS
G705
16K6*
2.75
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 28
G708
NS
2.75
42
W8 x 28
G709
42
20G@20plf
W8 x 24
G801
NL
W8 x 28
16K6*
SAFRM
NW
10K1
10K1*
4 Hr.
4.5
2.5
12K5
SAFRM
LW
LW
NS
UL Design
Number
D759
3.25
2.5
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Primary Support
Spacing
Member
LW, NW
3.25
16K6*
16K6*
3 Hr.
Concrete
Minimum
Type
Thickness (in.)
LW, NW
2.75
10K1
2.5
LW, NW
NS
3.25
LW
D779
D782
151
APPENDIX D
ROOF CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH MEMBRANE PROTECTION
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
Exposed Grid
1 Hr.
Fiber Board
Gypsum Board
Minimum Joist
Size
Built Up Roof
Deck Material
Insulation
Description
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Primary Support
Spacing (in.)
Member
UL Design
Number
12K1
22 MSG Min.
84
W8 x 17
P201
10K1
26 MSG Min.
48
W6 x 12
P202
10K1
26 MSG Min.
48
20G@13plf
P211
72
20G@13plf
W8 x 17
P214
72
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
P225
Fiber Board
12K3
28 MSG Min.
12K1
26 MSG Min.
12K3
24 MSG Min.
Building Units
48
NS
P227
12K3
26 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
P230
12K1
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
48
20G@14plf *
W8 x 15
P231
12K3
24 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
72
W8 x 15
P235
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@13plf
W8 x 15
P246
12K5
26 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
W6 x 12
P250
P251
12K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
W6 x 12
P254
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
W8 x 15
P255
10K1
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
NS
P259
12K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
P261
12K1
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@14plf *
W8 x 15
P264
10K1
Batts and
Blankets
60
NS
P265
10K1
26 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
W6 x 16
P267
10K1
Batts and
Blankets
60
NS
P268
12K1
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@14plf *
W8 x 15
P269
10K1
24 MSG Min.
NS
W6 x 16
P301
10K1
22 MSG Min.
48
NS
P302
10K1
22 MSG Min.
NS
W6 x 16
P303
12K3
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
60
W8 x 24
P509
12K3
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
20G@13plf
W8 x 13
P510
10K1
20 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
NS
P519
Fiber Board
152
APPENDIX D
ROOF CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH MEMBRANE PROTECTION
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
Minimum Joist
Size
Built Up Roof
Deck Material
Insulation
Description
P225
48
NS
P227
P230
26 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
12K3
24 MSG Min.
Building Units
12K3
26 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
12K1
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
48
20G@14plf *
W8 x 24
P231
12K5
26 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
W6 x 12
P250
12K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
P251
10K1
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
NS
P259
10K1
Batts and
Blankets
60
NS
P265
10K1
20 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
NS
P266
10K1
Batts and
Blankets
60
NS
P268
12K1
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@14plf *
W8 x 24
P269
Fiber Board
10K1
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
W6 x 16
P301
Metal Lath
12K5
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
NS
P404
Gypsum Board
12K3
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
20G@13plf
W8 x 13
P510
10K1
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
W6 x 12
P237
12K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
72
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
P251
10K1
20 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
48
NS
P266
Fiber Board
10K1
24 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
W6 x 16
P301
Metal Lath
12K5
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
72
NS
P404
72
20G@13plf
P514
48
NS
P519
66
NS
P520
48
NS
P405
1 1/2 Hr.
Exposed Grid
10K1
Gypsum Board
3 Hr.
UL Design
Number
20G@13plf
W6 x 12
12K1
Exposed Grid
2 Hr.
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Primary Support
Spacing (in.)
Member
Metal Lath
22 MSG Min.
20 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
14K1
26 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
153
APPENDIX D
ROOF CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH SPRAY APPLIED FIRE RESISTIVE MATERIALS
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
1 Hr.
SAFRM
Minimum Joist
Size
Built Up Roof
Deck Material
Insulation
Description
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Spacing (in.) Primary Support
Member
UL Design
Number
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Building Units
NS
NS
P822
12K3
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
W8 x 20
P824
SAFRM
12K5
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
96
W6 x 16
P919
SAFRM
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Building Units
NS
W6 x 16
P728
14K4
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P701
14K4
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P711
12K3
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P717
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 28
P725
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P726
14K4
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P734
14K4
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P736
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P739
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
W6 x 16
P740
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P743
P801
1 Hr.
and
1-1/2 Hr.
1-1/2 Hr.
and
2 Hr.
1 Hr.,
1-1/2 Hr.
and
2 Hr.
SAFRM
12K3
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P815
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
W6 x 16
P816
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P819
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P825
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P827
12K1
22 MSG Min.
Fiber Board
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 20
P828
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P902
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
W8 x 10
P907
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P908
154
APPENDIX D
ROOF CEILING ASSEMBLIES WITH SPRAY APPLIED FIRE RESISTIVE MATERIALS
Restrained
Assembly
Rating
Protection
Material
Minimum Joist
Size
Built Up Roof
Deck Material
Insulation
Description
and
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
W8 x 10
P920
12K5
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P921
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
W6 x 16
P922
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P923
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P925
12K5
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
W8 x 10
P926
14K4
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P927
12K5
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P928
12K3
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
20G@13plf
W8 x 10
P929
10K1
28 MSG Min.
Insulating
Concrete
NS
W6 x 16
P936
12K3
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P718
12K3
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P720
12K3
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P729
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
20G@13plf
W6 x 16
P719
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P722
SAFRM
2 Hr.
2 Hr.
SAFRM
1 Hr.,
1-1/2 Hr.,
2 Hr.
UL Design
Number
10K1
1 Hr.,
1-1/2 Hr.
Minimum
Maximum Joist
Primary Support
Spacing (in.)
Member
SAFRM
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P723
and
10K1
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W8 x 28
P732
3 Hr.
10K1*,16K2
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P733
10K1*
22 MSG Min.
Foamed Plastic
NS
W6 x 16
P826
155
APPENDIX E
APPENDIX E - OSHA SAFETY STANDARDS
FOR STEEL ERECTION
BAY LENGTH
DEFINITIONS
156
BAY LENGTH
BAY LENGTH
JOIST GIRDERS
STEEL BEAM
BAY LENGTH
BAY LENGTH
STEEL CHANNEL
STEEL COLUMN
BAY LENGTH
BAY LENGTH
STEEL COLUMN
STEEL TUBE
APPENDIX E
BAY LENGTH
BAY LENGTH
STEEL TUBE
MASONRY OR TILT-UP
BAY LENGTH
BAY LENGTH
MASONRY OR TILT-UP
BAY LENGTH
BAY LENGTH
MASONRY OR TILT-UP
MASONRY OR TILT-UP
BAY LENGTH
157
APPENDIX E
1926.751 DEFINITIONS
(Selected items only).
Anchored bridging means that the steel joist bridging is connected to a bridging terminus point.
Bolted diagonal bridging means diagonal bridging that is
bolted to a steel joist or joists.
Bridging clip means a device that is attached to the steel
joist to allow the bolting of the bridging to the steel joist.
Bridging terminus point means a wall, a beam, tandem joists
(with all bridging installed and a horizontal truss in the plane
of the top chord) or other element at an end or intermediate
point(s) of a line of bridging that provides an anchor point for
the steel joist bridging.
Column means a load-carrying vertical member that is part
of the primary skeletal framing system. Columns do not
include posts.
Constructibility means the ability to erect structural steel
members in accordance with subpart R without having to
alter the over-all structural design.
Construction load (for joist erection) means any load other
than the weight of the employee(s), the joists and the bridging
bundle.
Erection bridging means the bolted diagonal bridging that is
required to be installed prior to releasing the hoisting cables
from the steel joists.
Personal fall arrest system means a system used to arrest an
employee in a fall from a working level. A personal fall arrest
system consists of an anchorage, connectors, a body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline,
or suitable combination of these. The use of a body belt for
fall arrest is prohibited.
Project structural engineer means the registered, licensed
professional responsible for the design of structural steel
framing and whose seal appears on the structural contract
documents.
Qualified person (also defined in 1926.32) means one who,
by possession of a recognized degree, certificate, or professional standing, or who by extensive knowledge, training,
and experience, has successfully demonstrated the ability to
solve or resolve problems relating to the subject matter, the
work, or the project.
Steel joist means an open web, secondary load-carrying
member of 144 feet (43.9 m) or less, designed by the manufacturer, used for the support of floors and roofs. This does
not include structural steel trusses or cold-formed joists.
Steel joist girder means an open web, primary load-carrying
member, designed by the manufacturer, used for the support
of floors and roofs. This does not include structural steel
trusses.
158
APPENDIX E
(5) A steel joist or steel joist girder shall not be placed on any
support structure unless such structure is stabilized.
(6) When steel joist(s) are landed on a structure, they shall be
secured to prevent unintentional displacement prior to installation.
Except for steel joists that have been pre-assembled into panels, connections of individual steel
joists to steel structures in bays of 40 feet (12.2 m)
or more shall be fabricated to allow for field bolting
during erection.
Joist
Span
8L1 8K1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
10K1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
12K1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
12K3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
12K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
14K1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
14K3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
14K4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
14K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16K2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290
16K3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300
16K4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
16K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
16K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18K3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310
18K4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
18K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
18K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
18K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20K3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320
20K4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
20K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
20K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
20K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
20K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
20K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
22K4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 340
22K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
22K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
22K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
22K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
22K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 NM
22K11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 NM
24K4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
24K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
24K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
24K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
24K8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
24K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
24K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24K12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
26K5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
26K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
NM = diagonal bolted bridging not mandatory
for joists under 40 feet.
159
APPENDIX E
Joist
Span
26K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
26K8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
26K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450 44-0
26K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
26K12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28K6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
28K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 430
28K8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
28K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
28K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 490
28K12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
30K7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
30K8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
30K9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
30K10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 500
30K11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520
30K12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540
10KCS1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
10KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
10KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
12KCS1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
12KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
12KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
14KCS1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
14KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
14KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
16KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
18KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
20KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
20KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
22KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 360
22KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
22KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
22KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
24KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
24KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
26KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
26KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440
26KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
26KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28KCS2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
28KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
28KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
28KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530
30KC53 30KCS3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
30KCS4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540
30KCS5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 540
NM = diagonal bolted bridging not mandatory
for joists under 40 feet.
160
Joist
Span
18LH02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
18LH03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18LH04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18LH05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18LH06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18LH07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18LH08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
18LH09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH02 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 330
20LH03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 380
20LH04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
20LH10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24LH03 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350
24LH04 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 390
24LH05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400
24LH06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 450
24LH07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24LH08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24LH09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24LH10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
24LH11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28LH05 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420
28LH06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 420 46-0
28LH07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM 54-0
28LH08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM 54-0
28LH09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28LH10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28LH11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28LH12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
28LH13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM
32LH06 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 through 600
32LH07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 through 600
32LH08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 550 through 600
32LH09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
32LH10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
32LH11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
32LH12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
32LH13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
32LH14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
32LH15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
36LH07 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 through 600
36LH08 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 470 through 600
36LH09 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570 through 600
36LH10 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
36LH11 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
36LH12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
36LH13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
36LH14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
36LH15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NM through 600
NM = diagonal bolted bridging not mandatory
for joists under 40 feet.
APPENDIX E
(4) Employees shall not be allowed on steel joists where the
span of the steel joist is equal to or greater than the span
shown in Tables A and B except in accordance with
1926.757(d).
(ii) The erection drawing shall be the exclusive indicator of the proper placement of this bridging;
(iii) Shop-installed bridging clips, or functional equivalents, shall be used where the bridging bolts to
the steel joists;
(iv) When two pieces of bridging are attached to the
steel joist by a common bolt, the nut that secures
the first piece of bridging shall not be removed
from the bolt for the attachment of the second;
and
(v) Bridging attachments shall not protrude above
the top chord of the steel joist.
(2) Where the span of the steel joist is over 60 feet (18.3 m)
through 100 feet (30.5 m), the following shall apply:
(2) Except for paragraph (e)(4) of this section, no construction loads are allowed on the steel joists until all bridging is
installed and anchored and all joist-bearing ends are
attached.
(3) Where the span of the steel joist is over 100 feet (30.5 m)
through 144 feet (43.9 m), the following shall apply:
(i) All rows of bridging shall be bolted diagonal bridging;
(i) The employer has first determined from a qualified person and documented in a site-specific
erection plan that the structure or portion of the
structure is capable of supporting the load;
(4) For steel members spanning over 144 feet (43.9 m), the
erection methods used shall be in accordance with
1926.756.
(5) Where any steel joist specified in paragraphs (c)(2) and
(d)(1), (d)(2), and (d)(3) of this section is a bottom chord bearing joist, a row of bolted diagonal bridging shall be provided
near the support(s). This bridging shall be installed and
anchored before the hoisting cable(s) is released.
161
APPENDIX E
ILLUSTRATIONS OF OSHA
BRIDGING
TERMINUS POINTS
(NON-MANDATORY)
Guidelines for Complying with OSHA Steel Erection Standard, Paragraph 1926.757(a)(10) and 1926.757(c)(5).
TYP
TYP
HORIZ. BRDG.
HORIZ. BRDG.
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS AT WALL
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS AT WALL
TYP
TYP
HORIZ. BRDG.
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS AT PANEL WALL
162
HORIZ. BRDG.
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS AT
STRUCTURAL SHAPE
APPENDIX E
TYP
TYP
BOLTED
CONNECTION
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS AT STRUCTURAL
SHAPE WITH OPTIONAL
"X-BRIDGING"
TYP
TYP
BOLTED
CONNECTION
BOLTED
CONNECTION
163
APPENDIX E
TYP
HORIZONTAL TRUSS
WEBBING
TYP
LOOPED
AROUND
TOP CHORD
LOOPED
AROUND
TOP CHORD
INDEPENDENT
TEMP. GUY
CABLES
INDEPENDENT
TEMP. GUY
CABLES
HORIZ. BRDG.
POSITIVE
ANCHORAGE
POINT
HORIZONTAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS POINT
SECURED BY TEMP.
GUY CABLES
164
POSITIVE
ANCHORAGE
POINT
DIAGONAL BRIDGING
TERMINUS POINT
SECURED BY TEMP.
GUY CABLES
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165
166
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CERTIFICATION:
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IAS =
ICC =
ISO =
International Organization
for Standardization
SDI =
SJI =
U.S. Headquarters
Point of Rocks
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