GeoTomCG

TOMOGRAPHIC SOFTWARE FOR WINDOWS

3D tomographic inversions
Practical, easy to use
Versatile constraints for using site
information to counteract non-uniqueness
Attenuation inversion with curved rays
from traveltime inversion
Plots for quality control of data and
processing

GeoTomCG can process crosshole or VSP

seismic or radar data. Display shows calculated
radar velocities. High velocity zone at depth of 27
m is caused by an abandoned mine. Other zones
of contrasting velocities are geological features. S
and R indicate source and receiver positions,
respectively

GeoTomCG performs 3D tomographic analyses. Source-to-receiver traveltimes can be anayzed to

calculate velocities, or amplitudes can be analyzed to calculate attenuation. Source and receiver
coordinates can be in any configuration within a 3D grid. The tomographic analysis calculates
velocity and/or attenuation at points within the grid. Anisotropy can be specified for each point of
the grid. Raypaths can be straight or curved. The ability to perform 3D analysis is an important
advantage in counteracting the problem of nonuniqueness with crosshole data.
Site information can be used to obtain more reliable results and to counteract the problem of
nonuniqueness. Options include:
1. Maximum and minimum velocities.
2. Constraints that take into account the uncertainty in site knowledge.
3. Constant velocity in user-selected areas or volumes in the grid.
GeoTomCG provides graphical displays of velocities, raypath densities, and other parameters for
inspecting results and preparing preliminary reports. These displays can be copied to the Windows
clipboard. Plots for quality control include traveltime versus distance, residual versus raypath angle,
velocity versus raypath angle, and others. GeoTomCG also provides 3D numerical results and 2D
slices of the 3D grid as ASCII files that can be read by commercial 3D and 2D visualization
programs for preparing formal reports and presentations.

P.A.S.I. srl - Via Galliari, 5/E - 10125 TORINO - ITALY

Tel.+39 011 650.70.33 (r.a.) Fax +39 011 658.646 E-MAIL info@pasisrl.it
V.A.T. IT 00737320010 - C.C.I.A.A. Torino N. 269051
Web: http://www.geophysics.com

Raypaths can be saved to a file and displayed. Curved-ray amplitude inversions can be performed
with curved raypaths from velocity inversions. (Amplitude inversions cannot provide appropriate
curved rays because ray bending depends on contrasts in velocity, not attenuation.)
The user's manual discusses tomographic analysis of seismic and electromagnetic traveltime and
amplitude data. Examples with sample data allows users to practice traveltime and amplitude data
processing.
GeoTomCG is written in MS Visual C++ and runs under Windows with a graphical user interface.
Eight hours of program support can be used for any related task, such as obtaining guidance in
using the program most effectively, analyzing a particular data set, or revising the program to make
the input or output more compatible with programs the user already has.
The Windows time-picking program TomTime provides output in the format used as input
for GeoTomCG.

P.A.S.I. srl - Via Galliari, 5/E - 10125 TORINO - ITALY

Tel.+39 011 650.70.33 (r.a.) Fax +39 011 658.646 E-MAIL info@pasisrl.it
V.A.T. IT 00737320010 - C.C.I.A.A. Torino N. 269051
Web: http://www.geophysics.com

TomTime
TIME-PICKING SOFTWARE FOR WINDOWS

Output formatted as input for 3D

tomography program GeoTomCG
Reads all common seismograph
formats
Versatile filtering options
Works effectively with large files,
144 channels or more
User can select any range of
channels to display.

TomTime provides automatic and manual picking of traveltimes and amplitudes for all common
seismograph waveform files. Output is in the format used for input by the 3D tomographic program
GeoTomCG. The format is: RayIdentifier Source X,Y,Z Receiver X,Y,Z Time Amplitude
(optional).
Times picked with automatic picking are the first breaks, and amplitudes are on the first peak
following the time pick. Minimum and maximum time limits can be set to guide the autopicking.
Times and amplitude positions can be reset manually.
TomTime contains features to help obtain accurate time picks and amplitudes, even in noisy data.
These features include versatile filtering and display options. Filtering options include smoothing
with Parzen filters, low-cut filters from 10 Hz to 400 Hz, high-cut filters from 50 Hz to 1000 Hz,
and notch filters.
The user can display any sequential set of channels. The display is not limited to fixed ranges such
as the first half or last half. The picture shows traces 34 to 51 from a 146-channel seismograph file.
This flexibility allows the display of as many channels as desired for using traces with high signalto-noise ratios as a guide for picking times in noisier traces. Alternatively, the user can display
fewer channels so each trace can be of large amplitude on the screen. A zoom option allows the user
to display any time range.
Typing 3D source and receiver coordinates is tedious, especially when boreholes are crooked.
Accordingly, an option is provided to reduce their manual entry. The user can assign each source
and receiver an identifying integer, and prepare a coordinate file that lists each source and receiver
position and the corresponding identifier only once. The source and first receiver in each
seismograph waveform data file can be designated by identifiers added to the waveform file name.

P.A.S.I. srl - Via Galliari, 5/E - 10125 TORINO - ITALY

Tel.+39 011 650.70.33 (r.a.) Fax +39 011 658.646 E-MAIL info@pasisrl.it
V.A.T. IT 00737320010 - C.C.I.A.A. Torino N. 269051
Web: http://www.geophysics.com

TomTime can read the coordinate file before reading waveform files, and assign coordinates
corresponding to the identifiers.
After the coordinate file has been read, another display option allows times from a GeoTomCG data
file to be displayed on the traces. TomTime reads the coordinates in the data file and matches them
with the ones in the coordinate file described above. It then displays the time from the data file on
the appropriate traces. GeoTomCG can provide a data file of calculated times, so this option allows
the display of calculated times from tomographic inversions.
Time-picks and amplitudes from selected individual seismograph files can be combined into one
data file.
TomTime is written in MS Visual Basic and runs under Windows with a graphical user interface. It
is based on the program SIPWin that was developed for seismic refraction by Rimrock Geophysics,
Inc., Lakewood, Colorado. TomTime has been revised for 3D tomography, and is distributed under
an agreement with Rimrock Geophysics.

P.A.S.I. srl - Via Galliari, 5/E - 10125 TORINO - ITALY

Tel.+39 011 650.70.33 (r.a.) Fax +39 011 658.646 E-MAIL info@pasisrl.it
V.A.T. IT 00737320010 - C.C.I.A.A. Torino N. 269051
Web: http://www.geophysics.com