0.

1.
2.
3.
4.
5. DEM5 DSM5
6.
7.

3-1

0.

1/5000

GPS
96 100

100

3-2


b c

88 DEM DSM
DEM

a 0.5m 1.0m

DSM

1.
1/5000

(Digital Elevation Model DEM)

DTMDigital Terrain Model

(
)(Digital Surface Model DSM)
DEM DSM
2.5 2.5D
DSM
3DDSM DSM

2.
3-3


1/20000
1/5000
DEM5
DSM5
5

()

3.

3.1 (Digital Elevation Model)

2.5D

3.2 (Digital Surface Model)

2.5D

3.3

3.3.1
3-4

3.3.2

3.3.2

3.4

3.4

DEM
3-5


DEM SCOP DEM

()

3.5

NEH
H=f(N,E) H NE
TM DEM
(sampling)

DEM
DEM
DEM
DEM

DEM

3.6

H=g(NE)NEH

DSM

3-6

(mathematical
morphology)(skeleton)

3.7

DEM

DEM

3.8
DEM DSM
2.5D

3.9

DEM DSM

3.10

I 5
II 5 15
III 15 30
IV 30 45
V 45 60
3-7

VI 60
5

(slope model)

3.11
DEM DSM

I 90
II 50 90
III 20 50
IV 0 20
DEM

3.12

4.
DEM5DSM5
3-8

4.1
1997 (TWD97)
2001 TWVD2001

4.2
DEM5 DSM5 TM 5

4.3
DEM5 DSM5 TM

TM
5 DEM5
DSM5 DEM5 DSM5
DEM5 DSM5
TM 5
DEM5 DSM5
DEM5
DSM5 NE H

4.4 DEM5 DSM5

DEM5DSM5
( 3.7
3.8)
4.4.1
ASCII
()(
) NE
()
DEM5DSM5()DEM5
DSM5
3-9


()
5000()
5( m )
5( m )
()
4.3

()
()
()
E ( 5 )
N ( 5 )
E ( 5 )
N ( 5 )
E ( 5 )
N ( 5 )
E ( 5 )
N ( 5 )
00
01
10
11

12
20
21
22
AP() AP-LEICA-SD2000
DPW() DPW-VIRTUOZO
LIDAR() TerraScan
(
3-10

)
AC() AC-ZEISS-RMK-TOP30
AC-UltraCamD

LIDAR(

LIDAR-OPTECH-ModelType(
)

08-2003
09-2003
()

()

DEMDSM
DEMDSM
()

DEM5DSM5ASCII(1)
ASCII(2) LARS
ASCII LARS
LARS
DEMDSM
ASCII EN
ASCII(1)
ASCII(2)
-999

4.4.2
4.4.2.1 ASCII(1)
ENH
3-11

 XYZ ( 250000.0 2670000.0 123.0

)

ENH

,
-999
4.4.2.2 ASCII(2)
H

-999

4.4.2.3 LAS
LAS

4.4.3
050 ENH

050
010029 030049
40

E
NH

3-12

5. DEM5 DSM5

5.1
1/20000
0.5m
(pitch)(roll)(yaw) 8
(B/H)
0.3
5.1.1
1/10
20 lp/mm MTF 20 lp/mm 0.4
-6dB

1/5

5.1.2
1425m 0.5m

1254
255 0

RGB

3-13

5.2
DEM5DSM5

1/10000 10m

5.3
5.3.1
GPS INS i
6b i = 2b ()
i 6b

b 40
60

GPS GPS+INS
i = 2b
GPS

5.3.2
0.2m
0.3 m
0.4
0.2

GPS

TWVD2001
3-14

5.3.3
10m 1/2
IV IV
15m 2/3
5.3.4

()(
)
5.3.5

()
r.m.s.e 10m
15m
r.m.s.e. 30

5.4
5.4.1

30m
5.4.2 DEM5DSM5
3-15

 5.6 5.7

DEM5DSM5

DEM5
2.5m

5.5 DEM5DSM5

5.6 5.7

5.6 DEM5
DEM5
0.5m
DEM

2 a 2 b 2 c 2 k 2 a
b ( 3.10)c
k
a =1.0m bc 1 2
1 b (m)

0.0

II

0.6

III

1.0

IV

1.5
3-16

4.0

VI

7.0
2

c ()

0.0

II

0.08

III

0.14

IV

0.30

5.7 DSM5
DSM5

2 a 2 b 2 c 2 t 2 , a
b c t

a =1.0m bc 3 4
3 b (m)

0.0

II

0.6

III

1.0

IV

1.5

4.0

VI

7.0
4

c ()
3-17

0.0

II

0.4

III

0.3

IV

0.2

5.8
1.0m
III 0.8m
IIIIV 1.0m
V 1.5m
VI 2.0m

5.6 2

5.9
5.9.1
1m
III 1.0m
IIIIV 1.5m
V 2.0m
VI 2.5m

5.6 2

3-18

5.9.2
2.0m
III 1.0m
IIIIV 1.5m
V 2.5m
VI 4m
5.6 c

6.

6.1

6.2

6.3

3-19

6.3.1

6.3.2

7.
3-20

ISO 2859.1-1999
MILSTD105E

525

01

02

03

04

05

06

07

08

09

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

3-21

7.1

7.2
1.

2.
1
Acceptance Quality
Level;AQL6.5
2

31
AC

7.3
1.

2.
1

2
A.
Acceptance
Quality Level;AQL1
B.

MTF

3-22

C.1

AC

7.4
1.

2.
110%4

2
A.
AQL1

B.

C.2

20

D.
AC

7.5
1.

3-23

2.
110%2

2
A.
AQL1

B.

C.

12KK

20K
D.
AC

7.6
1.

()

2.
12
2
GPS

3
A.2
44

102IV
IV152
B.
92
3-24

2
4

7.7
1.

5
1
1/4
2.

5.65.7
3.

10%

7.8
1.

AQL
6.5
2.

3.5
(
)5.65.7

4.1()

AC
3-25

RE

3-26

n Xi
Yi Di

(X

Yi )

D
z / 2
/n

SD

(D

D )2

n 1

3-27

 t
D
SD

t n 1, / 2

n Xi Yi Di X
SX

2
i

2
i

n2,

2
D

(D

D )2

n 1

c
D

3-28

 D2 C2 2

(n 1) S D2

2
D

n21,

3-29

ISO 2859.1-1999
1

2-8
9-15
16-25
26-50
51-90
91-150
151-280
281-500
501-1,200
1,201-3,200
3,201-10,000
10,001-35,000
35,001-150,000
150,001-500,000
500,001

3-30

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q

2
3
5
8
13
20
32
50
80
125
200
315
500
800
1250

2

1.0
1.5
2.5
4.0

0.65
AC

REAC

0
1

1
2
3
5
7
10
14

REAC

2
3
4
6
8
11
15

0
1

1
2
3
5
7
10
14
21

REAC

2
3
4
6
8
11
15
22

0
1

1
2
3
5
7
10
14
21

2
3
4
6
8
11
15
22

AC=
RE=

3-31

REAC

1
2
3
4
6
8
11
15
22

REAC

1
2
3
5
7
10
14
21

6.5

0
1

1
2
3
5
7
10
14
21

2
3
4
6
8
11
15
22

RE
1

1
2
3
5
7
10
14
21

2
3
4
6
8
11
15
22

B
C
D
E
F
G
H
J
K
L
M
N
P
Q

0.65
1.0
1.5
2.5
4.0
6.5

AC RE AC RE AC RE AC RE AC RE AC RE

0 2

1 2
10

0 2
0 3

1
2
3 4
16

0 2
0 3
1 4

13

1
2
3
4
4 5
26

0 2
0 3
1 4
2 5
20

1
2
3
4
4
5
6 7
40

0 2
0 3
1 4
2 5
3 7
32

1
2
3
4
4
5
6
7
8 9
64
0 2
0 3
1 4
2 5
3 7
5 9
50
1 2
3 4
4 5
6 7
8 9 12 13
100
0 3
1 4
2 5
3 7
5 9
7 11
80
3 4
4 5
6 7
8 9 12 13 18 19
160
1 4
2 5
3 7
5 9
7 11 11 16
125
4 5
6 7
8 9 12 13 18 19 26 27
250

2 5
3 7
5 9
7 11 11 16
200

6 7
8 9 12 13 18 19 26 27
400

3 7
5 9
7 11 11 16
315

8 9 12 13 18 19 26 27
630

5 9
7 11 11 16

500

1000 12 13 18 19 26 27

7
11
11
16

800

1600 18 19 26 27

2
2

3
3

5
5

8
8

13
13

20
20

32
32

50
50

80
80

125
125

200
200

315
315

500
500

800
800

3-32