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25/11/2014
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Term 1
Deadlegs in hot piping systems may

have corrosion rates that are
signnificantly higher due to :
1.
2.
3.
4.
caustic vaporizing
convection currents
crevice corrosion
sulfidation
Term 2
Definition 1
Deadlegs in hot piping systems may

have corrosion rates that are
signnificantly higher due to :
Convection
Currents
Definition 2
Corrosion can occur in deadlegs of

Corrosion can occur in deadlegs
tower overhead systems as a result of:
of tower overhead systems as a
1. dew-point corrosion
result of:
2. HTHA
dew-point
3. napthenic acid
4. temper-embrittlement
corrosion
Term 3
Definition 3
Corrosion can occur in some deadlegs

Corrosion can occur in some
at hydrotreating units. This is caused
deadlegs at hydrotreating units.
by:
This is caused by:
1. Ammonium salts
2. oxygen pitting
Ammonium
3. SSC
4. Sulfidation
salts
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1/11
25/11/2014
Term 4
Definition 4
CUI can be a major issue on insulated

carbon steel piping systems operating
CUI can be a major issue on insulated
between:
carbon steel piping systems operating
between:
1. 25-250 deg F
2. 10-350 degs F
3. 40-125 degs F
4. 120-400 degs F
Term 5
CUI can be a major issue on

insulated Stainless-steel piping
systems operating between:
1.
2.
3.
4.
25-250 deg F
10-350 degs F
40-125 degs F
120-400 degs F
Term 6
CUI is a inspection concern for

insulated piping operating at 500 deg.
and:
1.
2.
3.
4.
is in intermittent service
is mad of stainless steel
is made of low chromes
have poorly maintained
insulation
10-350 degs F
Definition 5
CUI can be a major issue on

insulated Stainless-steel piping
systems operating between:
120-400 degs F
Definition 6
CUI is a inspection concern for

insulated piping operating at 500 deg.
and:
is in intermittent service
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Term 7
Definition 7
CUI of austenitic stainless steel piping:

1. occurs at temperatures between
-10 to 125 deg F
2. normally appears as stress
corrosion cracking
3. is the result of using insulation
that contains a sulfur compound
4. normally causes deep isolated
pitting
Term 8
CUI of austenitic stainless steel piping:
normally appears as stress

corrosion cracking
Definition 8
CUI is particularly aggressive:

CUI is particularly aggressive:
1. in dry climates
2. when operating temperatures
cause frequent condensation and
when operating temperatures
re-evaporation of atmospheric
moisture.
cause frequent condensation and
3. when operation temperatures are
re-evaporation of atmospheric
above 325 deg F
moisture.
4. if the insulation is made of
fiberglass
Term 9
IF the buied piping is uncoated at

grade, the inspector should consider
exacavation to check for soil-to-air
corrosion. What is the recommended
depth to excavate?
1.
2.
3.
4.
1 to 3 "
6"
6' to 12"
12" to 24"
Definition 9
IF the buied piping is uncoated at

grade, the inspector should consider
exacavation to check for soil-to-air
corrosion. What is the recommended
depth to excavate?
6' to 12"
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Term 10
The inspector checks the concrete-toair interface of buried piping that does
not have cathodic protection.
Deterioration is noted. It may be
necessary to remove the concrete and
inspect beneath the pipe surface if this
piping system is over:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5 yr old
10yr old
15yr old
25 yr old
The inspector checks the concrete-toair interface of buried piping that does
not have cathodic protection.
Deterioration is noted. It may be
necessary to remove the concrete and
inspect beneath the pipe surface if this
piping system is over:
10yr old
Term 11
Sufidation of carbon steels begins to

occur when the sulfur content is
greater
than 0.5% and the temperature
exceeds:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Definition 10
250 deg F
450 deg F
800 deg F
900 deg F
Definition 11
Sufidation of carbon steels begins to

occur when the sulfur content is
greater
than 0.5% and the temperature
exceeds:
450 deg F
Term 12
Definition 12
Some of the crude unit piping operates

at a temperature where sulfidation can
occur. Which material is most
Some of the crude unit piping operates
susceptible to attack?
at a temperature where sulfidation can
occur. Which material is most
1. A-53
susceptible to attack?
2. A-106
A-53
3. 300 series SS
4. 400 series SS
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Term 13
A caustic piping system has external

heat tracing. On this system, poorly
designed heat tracing can cause:
1.
2.
3.
4.
erosion/corrosion
thermal fatique
stress corrosion cracking
polythionic cracking
Term 14
Which of the following areas is least

likely to be affected by
corrosion/erosion?
1.
2.
3.
4.
upstream of a pump
downstream of a control valve
flow direction changes
Near orifice plates
Term 15
When erosion damage occurs, which

of the following corrosion patterns is
least likely to occur?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Grooving
Waves and vallys
Rouned holes
Uniform wall loss
Definition 13
A caustic piping system has

external heat tracing. On this
system, poorly designed heat
tracing can cause:
stress corrosion
cracking
Definition 14
Which of the following areas is

least likely to be affected by
corrosion/erosion?
upstream of a pump
Definition 15
When erosion damage occurs, which

of the following corrosion patterns is
least likely to occur?
Uniform wall loss
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Term 16
Polythionic acid SCC occurs on what

type of material?
1. Annealed Ferritic staninless steel
2. Sensitized austenitic stainless
steel
3. Normalized low chromes
4. Non-stress relieved carbon steel
Term 17
Chloride stress corrosion cracking

occurs on what type of material?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Austenitic SS
Ferritic SS
Carbon Steel
Low chromes
Term 18
Amine SCC occurs on what type of

material?
1.
2.
3.
4.
Annealed ferritic SS
Sensitized austenitic SS
Normalized low chromes
Non-stress relieved carbon steel
Definition 16
Polythionic acid SCC occurs on

what type of material?
Sensitized austenitic
stainless steel
Definition 17
Chloride stress corrosion

cracking occurs on what type of
material?
Austenitic Stainless Steel
Definition 18
Amine SCC occurs on what type

of material?
Non-stress relieved
carbon steel
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Term 19
During a turnaround, environmental

cracking is detected during an interal
inspection of a pressure vessel. The
inspector should:
Definition 19
During a turnaround, environmental

cracking is detected during an interal
inspection of a pressure vessel. The
inspector should:
Inspect both the upstream and
downstream piping for environmental
cracking
1. inspect the downstreem piping

for environmental cracking
2. inspect the upstream piping for
environmental cracking
3. inspect both the upstream and
downstream piping for
environmental cracking
4. inspect ustream and downstream
Term 20
Definition 20
piping approximately 12" or 3
An internal inspection is being
diameters (whichever is greater)
conducted on a refractory-lined piping
An internal inspection is being
away from the vessel nozzle.
system. how much refractory should conducted on a refractory-lined piping
be removed to check the condition of system. How much refractory should
the pipe's internal surface?
be removed to check the condition of
the pipe's internal surface?
1. A min of 10% should be removed
2. A small area of refractory should
Removal of refractory is not required
be removed on each length of
unless there is reason to suspect that
pipe
corrosionis occurring under the
3. At least one small area of
refractory
refractory should be removed in
the most suspect area
Term 21
Definition 21
4. Removal of refractory is not
required unless there is reason to
suspect that corrosionis
Which
of the following
isrefractory
not a cause
occurring
under the
of fatigue cracking?
Which of the following is not a cause
of fatigue cracking?
1. Piping vibration
2. Pressure cycles
3. Thermal cycles
Viscosity cycles
4. Viscosity cycles
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Term 22
Fatigue cracking can typically be first

detected at:
1.
2.
3.
4.
piping supports and hangers

misaligned flaged connections
branched connections
socket-weld fitting
Term 23
Each of the following piping system

operates with daily temperature cycle
of over 400 deg F. In which system is
fatigue cracking most likely to occur?
1. Pipe welds having dissimilar
materials, e.g. carbon steel &
stainless
2. Butt welded low chrome piping
3. Butt welded sensitized austenitic
stainless steel
4. No-stress relieved carbon steels
Term 24
Definition 22
Fatigue cracking can typically be first

detected at:
Branched connections
Definition 23
Each of the following piping system

operates with daily temperature cycle
of over 400 deg F. In which system is
fatigue cracking most likely to occur?
Pipe welds having dissimilar

materials, e.g. carbon steel &
stainless
Definition 24
Fatigue cracking is difficult to find

using NDE because:
Fatigue cracking is difficult to find
1. The cracking location are difficult
using NDE because:
to predict
2. The cracking is very tight and not
easy to find with conventional PT Once the cracking initiates it may take
only a few days before the crack
techniques
progresses 100% through the pipe
3. Once the cracking initiates it may
wall
take only a few days before the
crack progresses 100% through
the pipe wall
4. the NDE technicians are not
available, they are in the tank
farm sleeping in the back of the
RT truck
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Term 25
Creep cracking is depenent on:

1.
2.
3.
4.
Cycles, time and temperature

cycles, temperature and stress
time, temperature, and pressure
time, temperature, and stress
Term 26
Creep cracking begins to occur on 1

1/4 Cr steels operating above:
1.
2.
3.
4.
450 deg f
700 deg F
900 deg F
1100 deg F
Definition 25
Creep cracking is depenent on:
time, temperature, and

stress
Definition 26
Creep cracking begins to occur

on 1 1/4 Cr steels operating
above:
900 deg F
Term 27
Definition 27
Most brittle fractures have occurred:

1. during the 1st year of srvice
2. during the first hydrostatic test
3. after the material has been
overheated and then cooled
4. when using relatively thin walled
piping
Most brittle fractures have

occurred:
during the first

hydrostatic test
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Term 28
Low alloy steels (specially 2 1/4 Cr-1

Mo materials) are subject to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Temper embrittlement
Brittle fracture
Environmental cracking
Fatigue cracking
Term 29
Definition 28
Low alloy steels (specially 2 1/4

Cr-1 Mo materials) are subject to:
Temper embrittlement
Definition 29
Low chromes steels:

1. may be brittle when operation
above 650 deg F
2. may be brittle at ambient
temperatures after operating
above 650 deg F
3. are subject to polythionic
cracking when operating above
650 deg F
4. are subject to SCC when
operating above 650 deg F
Term 30
Low chromes steels:

may be brittle at ambient
temperatures after operating
above 650 deg F
Definition 30
Temper embrittlement occurs in

certain materials when:
1. the operation temperature is
Temper embrittlement occurs in
within 30 deg F of the piping's
certain materials when:
MDMT
2. weld repairs are performed and
the metal temperature is below 32 the process temperatures exceed
650 deg F
deg f
3. the process temperatures
exceed 650 deg F
4. the proces environment contains
low temperature caustic
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Term 31
Low chrome materials are subject to

temper-embrittlement. these materials
are:
Definition 31
Low chrome materials are

subject to temper-embrittlement.
these materials are:
1. Brittle when new

2. become brittle due to welding
3. brittle at temperatures above 650 brittle at low temperatures due to
deg F
metallurgical changes that
4. brittle at low temperatures due to
occurred during high temperature
metallurgical changes that
operation
occurred during high
temperature operation
11/11

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25/11/2014