METHODS OF INSTALLATION FOR STEEL STRUCTURE

The characteristic of still are very strong and stiff, the methods of construction will be
diferent from other material such as concrete and timber. Steel structure usually have been
made at factory with outside of the site then deliver to the site and need a huge plant for
installation process. The skilled labour also required for joint the steel members.

The priority during the construction is to minimise on-site construction and provide
extensive prefabrication. Proper planning during design stage is required, with consideration of
column and beam spacing for the following:
i.

Unpropped metal deck during concreting

ii.

Hoisting of precast facade panel for external walls

iii.

Ensure the steel member sizes are easy to hoist, manage and install on site

There are a lot of site constraints for installation steel structure such as accessibility and
limitations of hoisting equipment need to be considered. These constraints may subsequently
affect the sequence of construction for the development. That are the reason why cost of
construction for steel structure is quite expensive then concrete and other material.

For this assignment, the installation process for steel structure frame will be explain.
Sequence for installation steel structure are as below :

(1) Clean the site for

bringing the steel
structure

(2) Erection of steel

column and beams

(3) Connect the steel

structure by :

(5) Fastening the

connection

(4) Installation precast

wall and floor to beams

- Bolt
- Welds
- Pins
- Rivets

1. Clean the site for bringing the steel structure

Before the installation process start, the construction site need to be clear first to
make easy during the steel structure arrived. Besides that, a large plant will be required
in site during installation process, the cleaning site will make the plant easy to acces.

Figure 1 : The picture when doing site clearance before the construction begin

2. Erection of steel column and beam

Steel column and beam need to be erect first as a frame for steel structure.
During this process, tempory bracing was required to ensure verticality of steel columns
when bolt connections from beams to columns were tightened.

Figure 2 : The picture show the erection of column and beam process

3. Connect the steel structure

Connection the steel beam and column may be used bolt, welded, pins and
rivets. It is depend to the type of building and the engineer requirement. In making the
connection, there are various types of connection such as :

i.

Beam to beam connection

The method used will depend upon the relative depths of the
beam concerned. Deep beam receiving small secondary beams
can have a shelf angle connection where as other depth will need
to be connected by web cleats

Figure 3 : The picture show the example of beam to beam connection for steel

ii.

Beam to column connections

These can be designed as simple connections where the whole of the

load is transmitted to the column through a seating cleat. The usual
method employed is the semi-rigid connection where the load is
transmitted from the beam to the column by means of top cleats or web
cleats.

Figure 4 : The picture show the example of beam to column connection

4. Installation of precast wall and floor to beam

After steel column and beam have been erect, precast floor and wall will be
install at every level in start from ground level until the upper floor depends on the floor
of the building. Steel structure also may used in-situ concrete floor. If the building use insitu concrete floor, the concrete process need to be done that is install the formwork, put
the reinforcement and pour the concrete at every floor. All floor and wall need to have a
tight jointing between steel structure beam and column.

Figure 3 : The picture show the installation of precast wall to beam

Figure 4 : The picture show the installation of precast wall to beam

5. Fastening all the connection

All the steel structure connection and jointing need to fastening to make sure the
connection is tightened enough and ready to carry the load for use. Fastening the
connection are for the structure that using bolt to connect the steel member. If welding
are use for connection, the connection need to be checking to make sure all the
connection are well done.

All of that are the processes for installation steel structure. It is different from
construction of concrete due to concrete are usually done in site which it is a wet construction.
But, for precast concrete building, the handling method and installation may follow the same
process but different in jointing or connection method.