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LEARNING GOALS
OHMS LAW - DEFINES THE SIMPLEST PASSIVE ELEMENT: THE
SPECIAL)
George Simon
G
Si
OHM: German
Physicist
v(t ) = Ri (t )
The constant, R, is called the
resistance of the component and
is measured in units of Ohm ()
From a dimensional point of view
Ohms is a derived unit of Volt/Amp
Mega Ohm(106 )
Kilo Ohm(103 )
A common occurrence is
Volt
mA
resulting in resistance in k
Conductance
If instead
a function
current in
law can be
of expressing voltage as
of current one expresses
p
terms of voltage, OHMs
written
i=
1
v
R
1
as Conductance
R
and write
of the component
p
i = Gv
We define G =
Symbol
i
+
v
Circuit Represent
p
ation
i
A touch of
reality
+
v=0
Short
Circuit
R=0
G=
i=0
Open
Circuit
R=
G=0
Linear approximation
Linear range
Actual v-I relationship
v
Ohm s Law is an approximation valid
Ohms
while voltages and currents remain
4
in the Linear Range
v = Ri
i = Gv OHM
OHM' s Law
Given Voltage and Resistance
Compute Current
V
I = 2A
R = 5
V = RI
+
R = 3
12[V ]
Notice use of
passive sign
convention
V = 10[V ]
I=
I = 4[ A]
Voltage
Current
Resistance
Volts
Amps
p
Ohms
Volts
mA
R = 5
mV
V
I
mV
mA
+
20[V ]
I = 4[ A]
R=
i ( t ) = Gv ( t ) OHMS LAW
UNITS?
CONDUCTANCE IN SIEMENS, VOLTAGE
IN VOLTS. HENCE CURRENT IN AMPERES
i ( t ) = 8[ A]
OHMS LAW
v (t ) = Ri ( t )
UNITS?
4[V ] = (2) i ( t ) i ( t ) = 2[ A]
4V
+
v (t ) = Ri (t )
OHMS LAW
THE EXAMPLE COULD BE
6
GIVEN LIKE THIS
P = vi
(Power)
v = Ri , or i = Gv (Ohm' s Law)
Problem solving tip: There are four
variables (P,v,i,R) and two equations.
Given any two variables one can find
the other two.
A MATTER OF UNITS
Given P
P,, i
P
v
v = ,R =
i
i
Given i,
i R
v = Ri , P = vi = Ri 2
Given v,
v R
v
v2
i = , P = vi =
R
R
Given P, R
i=
P
, v = Ri = PR
R
EXAMPLE : R = 40 k, i = 2mA
The basic strategy is to express
all given variables in SI units
160 *10 3 [W ]
P =?
3
I
0
.
5
10
[ A]
VS = IR VS =
VS =
= 10[V ]
G
50 106 [ S ]
= 6mA
V 2 P = (12[V ])(6[mA ])
P = VI = I R =
= 72[ mW ]
R
2
0.6[mA ]
I=
I2
0.5 103[ A]
2
2
P=I R=
0
.
5
10
[W ]
P=
=
6
G
50 10 [ S ]
5[ mW ]
V 6[V ]
=
R 10k
VS2
P=
R
VS2 = (10 103 )(3.6 10 3W ) VS = 6[V ]
P = VS I
80[ mW
W]
VS =
= 20[V ]
4[mA]
P = I 2R
80 103[W ]
R=
2
3
4 10 A
R = 5k
Homework
E: 2.1,
, 2.2
P:2.1, 2.3, 2.4, 2.7, 2.8, 2.9