EXERCISE - 1

(Short Subjective Questions Based on Fundamentals)

SECTION : A : PLANE MIRROR

1.

A point object is placed at (0, 0, 0) and a plane mirror is placed parallel to YZ plane at x = 2. Find the coordinate of
image

2.

Find the angle of deviation (both clockwise and anticlockwise) suffered by a ray incident on a
plane mirror, at an angle of incidence 30.

3.

Figure shows a plane mirror onto which a light ray is incident. If the incident light
ray is turned by 10 and the mirror by 20, as shown, find the angle turned by the
reflected ray.

4.

A light ray is incident on a plane mirror, which after getting reflected strikes another
plane mirror, as shown in figure. The angle between the two mirrors is 60. Find the
angle shown in figure.

5.

There are two plane mirror inclined at 40, as shown. A ray of light is incident of
mirror M1. What should be the value of angle of incidence i so that the light ray
retraces its path after striking the mirror M2.

6.

Two plane mirrors are placed as shown in the figure

(a) How many images will be formed.
(b) Find the position(s) of image(s).
(c) Will the ray passing through (1, 1.25) take part in image formation.

7.

An object is placed at (0, 0) and a plane mirror is placed, inclined 30 with

the x axis.
(a)
Find the position of image.
(b)

If the object starts moving with velocity 1 i m/s and the mirror is
fixed find the velocity of image.

8.

Sun rays are incident at an angle of 24 to the horizon. How can they be directed parallel to the horizon using
a plane mirror?

9.

A parallel beam propagates horizontally from a projector. How should a plane mirror be arranged so that the
image of a slide is formed on the ceiling?

SECTION : B : SPHERICAL MIRROR

10.

A converging beam of solar rays is incident on a concave spherical mirror whose radius of curvature is 0.8 m.
Determine the position of the point on the optical axis of the mirror where the reflected rays intersect, if the
extensions of the incident rays intersect the optical axis 40 cm from the mirrors pole.

11.

The radius of curvature of a convex spherical mirror is 1.2 m. How far away from the mirror is an object of
height 12 cm if the distance between its virtual image & the mirror is 0.35 m? What is the height of the image?

12.

A candle flame 1 cm high is imaged in a ball bearing of diameter 0.4 cm. If the ball bearing is 20 cm away from
the flame, find the location and the height of the image.

13.

A rod of length 10 cm lies along the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 10 cm in such a way that
the end farther from the pole is 20 cm away from it. Find the length of the image.

14.

A man uses a concave mirror for shaving. He keeps his face at a distance of 20 cm from the mirror and gets
an image which is 1.5 times enlarged. Find the focal length of the mirror.

15.

Find the diameter of the image of the moon formed by a spherical concave mirror of focal length 11.4 m. The
diameter of the moon in 3450 km and the distance between the earth and the moon is 3.8 10 5 km.

16.

A concave spherical mirror forms a threefold magnified real image of a real object. The distance from the
object to the image is 2.6 m. What is the radius of curvature of the mirror?

17.

A U-shaped wire is placed before a concave mirror having radius of curvature 20 cm as shown in figure. Find
the total length of the image.

18.

Draw the graph between

19.

1
1
and
for a concave mirror..
u
v
In the above question, in which of the four quadrants no part of the graph lies.

20.

In the above question the graph does not pass through a particular quadrant.It implies that a concave mirror does
not form _________(Real/virtual) image of a ________ (Real/virtual) object.

21.

What does point A indicate?

(i)

Point A represents that the object is ___________(Real/Virtual) and the image

is ___________(Real/Virtual).

(ii)

Point A represents that |u| is ________ (larger,/smaller) than |v| and hence
image size is _______( larger/smaller ) than the size of object.

22.

Point B represents that the object is ___________(Real/Virtual) and the image is ___________(Real/Virtual).

23.

Point B represents that |u| is ________ (larger,/smaller) than |v| and hence image size is _______( larger/smaller)
than the size of object.

24.

As we move from point C to D in the graph , the ______(real/virtual) object moves from _____to______.and the
________(real/virtual) image moves from ______to______.Show this movement in a diagram.

25.

A point object is placed on the principal axis at 60 cm infront of a concave mirror of focal length 40 cm on the
principal axis.If the object is moved with a velocity of 10 cm/s

26.

(a)

along the principal axis,find the velocity of image

(b)

perpendicular to the principal axis, find the velocity of image at that moment.

A point source is at a distance 35 cm on the optical axis from a spherical concave mirror having a focal
length 25 cm. At what distance along the optical axis from the concave mirror should a plane mirror be placed
for the image it forms (due to rays falling on it after reflection from the concave mirror) to coincide with the
point source?

SECTION : C : REFRACTION IN GENERAL , REFRACTION AT PLANE SURFACE AND T.I.R.

3
) to air. Find the angle of incidence for which the angle of deviation is 90.
2

27.

Light attempts to go from glass ( =

28.

A light ray falling at an angle of 60 with the surface of a clean slab of ice of thickness 1.00 m is refracted into
it at an angle of 15. Calculate the time taken by the light rays to cross the slab. Speed of light in vacuum =
3 108 m/s.

29.

A pole of length 2.00 m stands half dipped in a swimming pool with water level 1 m higher than the bed. The
refractive index of water is 4/3 and sunlight is coming at an angle of 37 with the vertical. Find the length of the
shadow of the pole on the bed.
Use sin1 (0.45) = 26.8, tan(26.8) = 0.5

30.

A small piece of wood is floating on the surface of a m deep lake. When the sun is vertically above the piece its
shadow is formed at A. When the sun is just setting the shadow of the piece is formed at B. If the R.I. of water is 4/
3 then find the distance between A and B.

31.

A light ray is incident at 45 on a glass slab. The slab is 3 cm thick, and the refractive index of the glass is
1.5. What will the displacement of the ray be as a result of its passage through the slab? At what angle will
the ray emerge from the slab?

32.

An observer in air (n = 1) sees the bottom of a beaker filled with water (n = 4/3) upto a height of
40 cm.What will be the depth felt by this observer.

33.

Rays incident on an interface would converge 10 cm below the interface if they

continued to move in straight lines without bending. But due to refraction, the
rays will bend and meet some where else. Find the distance of meeting point of
refracted rays below the interface, assuming the rays to be making small angles
with the normal to the interface.

34.

Find the apparent distance between the observer and the object shown in the figure and shift in the position of
object.

35.

Find the apparent depth of the object seen by obsever A ?

36.

Locate the image of the point P as seen by the eye in the figure.

37.

A small object is placed at the centre of the bottom of a cylindrical vessel of radius 3 cm and height 4 cm filled
completely with water. Consider the ray leaving the vessel through a corner. Suppose this ray and the ray
along the axis of the vessel are used to trace the image. Find the apparent depth of the image and the ratio
of real depth to the apparent depth under the assumptions taken. Refractive
index of water = 4/3.

38.

A concave mirror of radius R is kept on a horizontal table (figure). Water

(refractive index = ) is poured into it upto a height h. Where should an object
be placed (its distance from the water surface) so that its final image is
formed on itself. Consider two cases
(i) h 0
(ii) in terms of h

39.

A point source is placed at a depth h below the surface of water (refractive index =
).The medium above the surface of water is air ( =1).Find the area on the surface of
water which is seen illuminated from air.
.
At what values of the refractive index of a rectangular prism can a ray travel as
shown in figure. The section of the prism is an isosceles triangle & the ray is normally
incident onto the face AC.

40.

41.

A rectangular glass wedge is lowered into water. The refraction index of glass
in g = 1.5. At what angle will the beam of light normally incident on AB reach
AC entirely?

42.

A beam of light is incident on a spherical drop of water at an angle i. Find the angle between the incident ray
& the emergent ray after one reflection from internal surface. Is this reflection possible by T. . R?

SECTION D : REFRACTION BY PRISM

43.

A prism (n = 2) of apex angle 90 is placed in air (n = 1). What should be the angle of incidence so that light ray
strikes the second surface at an angle of 60.

44.

The angle of minimum deviation from a prism is 60. If the prism angle is 90,find the refractive index of the
material of the prism and the angle of incidence required for minimum deviation. Given that sin 75 = 0.96

45.

Ref. index of a prism (A = 60) placed in air (n = 1) is n = 1.5. Light ray is incident on this prism at an angle of 60.
Find the angle of deviation. State whether this is a minimum deviation.
Given : sin1

1
3

= 35 , sin1 0.4 = 25 , sin1 0.6 = 37.

46.

The cross section of a glass prism has the form of an equilateral triangle. A ray is incident onto one of the
faces perpendicular to it. Find the angle between the incident ray and the ray that leaves the prism. The
refractive index of glass is = 1.5.

47.

The angle of refraction of a prism is 60. A light ray emerges from the prism at the same angle as it is incident
on it. The refractive index of the prism is 1.5. Determine the angle by which the ray is deflected from its initial
direction as a result of its passage through the prism.

48.

Find the angle of deviation suffered by the light ray shown in figure. The refractive index for the prism material
is = 3/2.

(i)
(ii)

When the prism is placed in air ( = 1)

When the prism is placed in water ( = 4/3)

SECTION : E : REFRACTION BY SPHERICAL SURFACE

49.

A spherical surface of radius 30 cm separates two transparent media A and B with refractive indices 4/3 and
3/2 respectively. The medium A is on the convex side of the surface. Where should a point object be placed
in medium A so that the paraxial rays become parallel after refraction at the surface?

50.

A narrow parallel beam of light is incident normally on a solid transparent sphere of radius r. What should be
the refractive index if the pencil is to be focused (a) At the surface of the sphere, (b) at the centre of the
sphere.

51.

An extended object of size 2 cm is placed at a distance of 10 cm in air (n = 1) from

pole, on the principal axis of a spherical curved surface.The medium on the other side
of refracting surface has refractive index n = 2. Find the position, nature and size of
image formed after single refraction through the curved surface.

52.

A point object lies inside a transparent solid sphere of radius 20 cm and of refractive index n = 2. When the object
is viewed from air through the nearest surface it is seen at a distance 5 cm from the surface.Find the distance of
object when it is seen through the farthest curved surface.

53.

An object is placed 10 cm away from a glass piece (n = 1.5) of length 20 cm

bound by spherical surfaces of radii of curvature 10 cm.Find the position of
final image formed after twice refractions.

54.

There is a small air bubble inside a glass sphere ( = 1.5) of radius 5 cm. The bubble is
4
) such
3
that the top surface of glass is 10 cm below the surface of water.The bubble is viewed
normally from air. Find the apparent depth of the bubble.

7.5 cm below the surface of the glass.The sphere is placed inside water ( =

55.

56.

(i)

A paper weight of n = 3/2 in the form of a hemisphere of radius 3.0 cm is used to hold down a printed
page. An observer looks at the page vertically through the paperweight. At what height above the page
will the printed letters near the centre appear to the observer?

(ii)

Solve the previous problem if the paperweight is inverted at its place so that the spherical surface
touches the paper.

A small object of length 1 mm lies along the principal axis of a spherical glass
of radius R = 10 cm and refractive index is 3/2. The object is seen from air
along the principal axis from left. The distance of object from the centre is 5
cm. Find the size of the image. Is it real, inverted?

SECTION : F : LENS
57.

A double convex lens has focal length 50 cm. The radius of curvature of one of the surfaces is double of the
other. Find the radii, if the refractive index of the material of the lens is 2.

58.

Lenses are constructed by a material of refractive index 1.50. The magnitude of the radii of curvature are 20
cm and 30 cm. Find the focal lengths of the possible lenses with the above specifications.

59.

Find the focal length of lens shown in the figure. Solve for three cases ns = 1.5, ns = 2.0, ns = 2.5.

60.

Given an optical axis MN, a converging lens, its foci & a point source S on the optical axis. Construct the
image of the point source, using the ray diagram.

61.

What will the paths of the rays be after refraction in the lenses.
[F 1 First focus, F 2 Second focus]

(a)

(b)

62.

Given an optical axis MN & the positions of a real object & its image, determine diagramatically the position
of the lens (its optical centre O) and its foci. Is it a converging or diverging lens? Is the image real or virtual?

63

A thin lens made of a material of refractive index 2 has a medium of refractive index 1 on one side and a
medium of refractive index 3 on the other side. The lens is biconvex and the two radii of curvature has equal
magnitude R. A beam of light travelling parallel to the principal axis is incident on the lens. Where will the
image be formed if the beam is incident from (a) the medium 1 and (b) from the medium 3?

64.

An object of height 6 cm is set at right angles to the optical axis of a double convex lens of optical power 5 D
& 25 cm away from the lens. Determine the focal length of the lens, the position of the image, the linear
magnification of the lens, and the height of the image formed by it.

65.

A lens placed between a candle and a screen forms a real triply magnified image of the candle on the screen.
When the lens is moved away from the candle by 0.8 m without changing the position of the candle, a real
image one-third the size of the candle is formed on the screen. Determine the focal length of the lens.

66.

Two glasses with refractive indices of 1.5 & 1.7 are used to make two identical double-convex lenses.
(i)
Find the ratio between their focal lengths.
(ii)
How will each of these lenses act on a ray parallel to its optical axis if the lenses are
submerged into a transparent liquid with a refractive index of 1.6?

67.

A lens with a focal length of 16 cm produces a sharp image of an object in two positions of lens which are
60 cm apart. Find the distance (fixed) from the object to the screen.

68.

A convex lens produces a double size real image when an object is placed at a distance of 18 cm from it.
Where should the object be placed to produce a triple size real image?

69.

A pin of length 2.0 cm lies along the principal axis of a converging lens, the centre being at a distance of 11
cm from the lens. The focal length of the lens is 6 cm. Find the size of the image.

70.

The diameter of the sun is 1.4 10 9 m and its distance from the earth is 1.5 10 11 m. Find the radius of the
image of the sun formed by a lens of focal length 40 cm.

71.

A 5.0 diopter lens forms a virtual image which is 4 times the object placed perpendicularly on the principal
axis of the lens. Find the distance of the object from the lens.

72.

A diverging lens of focal length 20 cm and a converging mirror of focal length 10 cm are placed coaxially at a
separation of 5 cm. Where should an object be placed so that a real image is formed at the object itself?

73.

A converging lens of focal length 12 cm and a diverging mirror of focal length 7.5 cm are placed 5.0 cm apart
with their principal axes coinciding. Where should an object be placed so that its image falls on itself?

74.

A converging lens and a diverging mirror are placed at a separation of 15 cm. The focal length of the lens is 25
cm and that of the mirror is 40 cm. Where should a point source replaced between the lens and the mirror so
that the light, after getting reflected by the mirror and then getting transmitted by the lens, comes out parallel
to the principal axis?

75.

A converging lens of focal length 15 cm and a converging mirror of length 10 cm are placed 50 cm apart. If a
point of length 2.0 cm is placed 30 cm from the lens farther away from the mirror, where will the final image
form and what will be the size of the final image?

76.

A point object is placed on the principal axis of a convex lens (f = 15 cm) at a distance of 30 cm from it. A
glass plate ( = 1.50) of thickness 1 cm is placed on the other side of the lens perpendicular to the axis.
Locate the image of the point object.

77.

A convex lens of focal length 20 cm and a concave lens of focal length 10 cm are placed 10 cm apart with their
principal axes coinciding. A beam of light travelling parallel to the principal axis and having a beam diameter
5.0 mm, is incident on the combination. Show that the emergent beam is parallel to the incident one. Find the
beam diameter of the emergent beam.

78.

A diverging lens of focal length 20 cm and a converging lens of focal length 30 cm are placed 15 cm apart with
their principal axes coinciding. Where should an object be placed on the principal axis so that its image is
formed at infinity?

SECTION G : COMBINATION OF LENSES/LENS & MIRRORS.

79.

2 identical thin converging lenses brought in contact so that their axes coincide are placed 12.5 cm from an
object. What is the optical power of the system & each lens, if the real image formed by the system of lenses
is four times as large as the object?

80.

A point object is placed at a distance of 15 cm from a convex lens. The image is formed on the other side at
a distance of 30 cm from the lens. When a concave lens is placed in contact with the convex lens, the image
shifts away further by 30 cm. Calculate the focal lengths of the two lenses.

81.

A convex & a concave lens are brought in close contact along their optical axes. The focal length of the
convex lens is 10 cm. When the system is placed at 40 cm from an object, a sharp image of the object is
formed on a screen on the other side of the system. Determine the optical power of the concave lens if the
distance between the object & the screen is 1.6m.

82.

A thin concavo-concave lens is surrounded by two different liquids A and B

as shown in figure. The system is supported by a plane mirror at the bottom.
Refractive index of A lens and B lens are 9/5, 3/2 and 4/3 respectively. The
radius of curvature of the surfaces of the lens are same and equal to 10
cm. Where should an object be placed infront of this system so that final
image is formed on the object itself.

83.

The convex surface of a thin concavo-convex lens of glass of refractive index

1.5 has a radius of curvature 20 cm. the concave surface has a radius of
curvature 60 cm. The convex side is silvered and placed on a horizontal
surface as shown in figure. (a) Where should a pin be placed on the axis so
that its image is formed at the same plane? (b) If the concave part is filled
with water ( = 4.3), find the distance through which the pin should be moved
so that the image of the in again coincides with the pin.

SECTION : H : DISPERSION OF LIGHT

84.

A certain material has refractive indices 1.56, 1.60 and 1.68 for red, yellow and violet light respectively. (a) Calculate
the dispersive power. (b) Find the angular dispersion produced by a thin prism of angle 6 made of this material.

85.

A flint glass prism and a crown glass prism are to be combined in such a way that the deviation of the mean ray is
zero. The refractive index of flint and crown glasses for the mean ray are 1.620 and 1.518 respectively. If the
refracting angle of the flint prism is 6.0, what would be the refracting angle of crown prism?

86.

Three thin prisms are combined as shown in figure. The refractive indices of the
crown glass for red, yellow and violet rays are r, y and v respectively and those
for the flint glass are r , y and u respectively. Find the ratio
A/A for which (a) there is no net angular dispersion, and (b) there is no net
deviation in the yellow ray.

Note : * Marked questions are MCQ.

SECTION A : PLANE MIRROR

1.

Two plane mirrors are inclined to each other at an angle 600. If a ray of light incident on the first mirror is parallel
to the second mirror, it is reflected from the second mirror
(A) Perpendicular to the first mirror
(B) Parallel to the first mirror
(C) Parallel to the second mirror
(D) Perpendicular to the second mirror

2.

An unnumbered wall clock shows time 04: 25: 37, where 1st term represents hours, 2nd represents minutes
& the last term represents seconds. What time will its image in a plane mirror show.
(A) 08: 35: 23
(B) 07: 35: 23
(C) 07: 34: 23
(D) none of these

3.

Two mirrors are inclined at an angle as shown in the figure. Light ray is incident parallel
to one of the mirrors. The ray will start retracing its path after third reflection if :
(A) = 45

(B) = 30

(C) = 60

(D) all three

4.

A plane mirror is moving with velocity 4 i 5 j 8 k . A point object in front of the mirror moves with a
velocity 3 i 4 j 5 k . Here k is along the normal to the plane mirror and facing towards the object. The
velocity of the image is:
(A) 3 i 4 j 5 k

(B) 3 i 4 j 11 k

(C) 3 i 4 j 11 k

(D) 7 i 9 j 11 k

5.

A point object is kept in front of a plane mirror. The plane mirror is doing SHM of amplitude 2 cm. The plane mirror
moves along the x-axis and x- axis is normal to the mirror. The amplitude of the mirror is such that the object is
always infront of the mirror. The amplitude of SHM of the image is
(A) zero
(B) 2 cm
(C) 4 cm
(D) 1 cm

6.

A persons eye level is 1.5 m. He stands in front of a 0.3m long plane mirror which is 0.8 m above the ground. The
length of the image he sees of himself is:
(A) 1.5m
(B) 1.0m
(C) 0.8m
(D) 0.6m

7.

A person is standing in a room of width 200 cm. A plane square mirror of length 10 cm is fixed on a wall in front
of the person. The person looks into the mirror from distance 50 cm. How much width (height) of the wall
behind him will he be able to see:
(A) 30 cm
(B) 40 cm
(C) 50 cm
(D) none of these

8.

Images of an object placed between two plane mirrors whose reflecting surfaces make an angle of 900 with one
another lie on a :
(A) straight line
(B) zig-zag curve
(C) circle
(D) ellipse

9.*

Two plane mirrors are parallel to each other and spaced 20 cm apart. An object is kept in between them at 15
cm from A. Out of the following at which point(s) image(s) is/are not formed in mirror A (distance measured
from mirror A):
(A) 15 cm
(B) 25 cm
(C) 45 cm
(D) 55 cm

SECTION B : SPHERICAL MIRROR

10.

A concave mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm forms image of the sun. The diameter of the sun subtends an
angle 1 on the earth. Then the diameter of the image is (in cm):
(A) 2 /9
(B) /9
(C) 20
(D) /18

11.*

The image (of a real object) formed by a concave mirror is twice the size of the object. The focal length of the mirror
is 20 cm. The distance of the object from the mirror is (are)
(A) 10 cm
(B) 30 cm
(C) 25 cm
(D) 15 cm

12.

A candle is kept at a distance equal to double the focal length from the pole of a convex mirror. Its magnification
will be:
(A) 1/3
(B) 1/3
(C) 2/3
(D) 2/3

13.

An object is kept perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm. If the
distance of the object from the mirror is 20 cm then its magnification will be:
(A) + 1/3
(B) 1/3
(C) 1
(D) none of these

14.

An object of height 1 cm is kept perpendicular to the principal axis of a convex mirror of radius of curvature 20
cm. If the distance of the object from the mirror is 20 cm then the distance between tips of the image and the
object will be:
(A)

6404
9

(B)

6414
9

(C)

40
3

(D) none of these

15.

An object is kept between a plane mirror and a concave mirror facing each other. The distance between the
mirrors is 22.5 cm. The radius of curvature of the concave mirror is 20 cm. What should be the distance of the
object from the plane mirror so that after two successive reflections the final image is formed on the object
itself:
[Consider first reflection from concave mirror]
(A) 5 cm
(B) 15 cm
(C) 10 cm
(D) none of these

16.

A square ABCD of side 1mm is kept at distance 15 cm infront of the concave mirror as
shown in the figure. The focal length of the mirror is 10 cm. The length of the perimeter of
its image will be :

17.

(A) 8 mm

(B) 2 mm

(C) 12 mm

(D) 6 mm

In the figure shown find the total magnification after two successive reflections first on
M1 & then on M2
(A) + 1

(B) 2

(C) + 2

(D) 1

18.

A luminous point object is moving along the principal axis of a concave mirror of focal length 12 cm towards it. When
its distance from the mirror is 20 cm its velocity is 4 cm/s. The velocity of the image in cm/s at that instant is
(A) 6, towards the mirror
(B) 6, away from the mirror
(C) 9, away from the mirror
(D) 9, towards the mirror.

19.*

In the figure shown consider the first reflection at the plane mirror and second at the convex mirror. AB is
object.
(A) the second image is real, inverted of 1/5 th magnification
(B) the second image is virtual and erect with magnification 1/5
(C) the second image moves towards the convex mirror
(D) the second image moves away from the convex mirror.

20.

A particle is moving towards a fixed spherical mirror. The image:

(A) must move away from the mirror
(B) must move towards the mirror
(C) may move towards the mirror
(D) will move towards the mirror, only if the mirror is convex.

21.

A point object on the principal axis at a distance 15 cm in front of a concave mirror of radius of curvature 20
cm has velocity 2 mm/s perpendicular to the principal axis. The velocity of image at that instant will be:
(A) 2 mm/s
(B) 4 mm/s
(C) 8 mm/s
(D) none of these

22.

A point object at 15 cm from a concave mirror of radius of curvature 20 cm is made to oscillate along the
principal axis with amplitude 2 mm. The amplitude of its image will be
(A) 2 mm
(B) 4 mm
(C) 8 mm
(D) none of these

23.

The distance of an object from the focus of a convex mirror of radius of curvature ' a ' is 'b'. Then the distance
of the image from the focus is:
(A) b2 / 4a
(B) a / b 2
(C) a2 / 4b
(D) none of these

24.

A concave mirror cannot form:

(A) virtual image of virtual object
(C) real image of a real object

(B) virtual image of a real object

(D) real image of a virtual object

25.

The largest distance of the image of a real object from a convex mirror of focal length 20 cm can be:
(A) 20 cm
(B) infinite
(C) 10 cm
(D) depends on the position of the object

26.*

Which one of the following statements are incorrect for spherical mirrors.
(A) a concave mirror forms only virtual images for any position of real object
(B) a convex mirror forms only virtual images for any position of a real object
(C) a concave mirror forms only a virtual diminished image of an object placed between its pole and the
focus
(D) a convex mirror forms a virtual magnified image of an object placed between its pole and the focus.

27.

Which of the following can form erect, virtual, diminished image?

(A) plane mirror
(B) concave mirror
(C) convex mirror

(D) none of these

28.

is the image of a point object O formed by spherical mirror, then which of the following statement is incorrect :
(A) If O and are on same side of the principal axis, then they have to be on opposite sides of the mirror.
(B) If O and are on opposite sides of the principal axis, then they have to be on same side of the mirror.
(C) If O and are on opposite side of the principal axis, then they can be on opposite side of the mirror as well.
(D) If O is on principal axis then has to lie on principal axis only.

29.

An object is placed at a distance u from a concave mirror and its real image is received on a screen placed at a
distance of v from the mirror. If f is the focal length of the mirror, then the graph between
1/v versus 1/u is

(A)

30.

(B)

(C)

(D)

A real inverted image in a concave mirror is represented by (u, v, f are coordinates)

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

SECTION C : LAWS OF REFRACTION, REFRACTION AT PLANE SURFACE AND T.I.R.

31.

When a wave is refracted:

(A) its path must change
(C) its velocity must change

(B) its amplitude must change

(D) its frequency must change

32.

The wavelength of light in vacuum is 6000 0A and in a medium it is 4000 0A. The refractive index of the medium is:
(A) 2.4
(B) 1.5
(C) 1.2
(D) 0.67

33.

A ray of light passes from vacuum into a medium of refractive index n. If the angle of incidence is twice the angle of
refraction, then the angle of incidence is:
(A) cos 1 (n/2)
(B) sin1 (n/2)
(C) 2 cos 1 (n/2)
(D) 2 sin1 (n/2)

is

34.

A ray of light is incident on a parallel slab of thickness t and refractive index n. If the angle of incidence
small, than the displacement in the incident and emergent ray will be:
t n
t (n 1)
t
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D) none
n 1
n
n

35.

A ray of light travelling in air is incident at grazing angle on a slab with variable
refractive index, n (y) = [k y3/2 + 1]1/2 where k = 1 m 3/2 and follows path as shown.
What is the total deviation produced by slab when the ray comes out.
(A) 60
(B) 53
1
(C) sin (4/9)
(D) no deviation at all

36.

A ray incident at a point at an angle of incidence of 600 enters a glass sphere of = 3 and it is reflected and
refracted at the farther surface of the sphere. The angle between reflected and refracted rays at this surface is
(A) 500
(B) 900
(C) 600
(D) 400

37.

How much water should be filled in a container 21 cm in height, so that it appears half filled (of actual depth)
when viewed from the top of the container ?
(Assume near normal incidence and w=4/3)
(A) 8.0 cm
(B) 10.5 cm
(C) 12.0 cm
(D) 14.0 cm

38.

A beam of light is converging towards a point I. A plane parallel plate of glass of

thickness t , refractive index is introduced in the path of the beam. The
convergent point is shifted by (assume near normal incidence):

1
nearer

(B) t 1 away

(D) t 1

(C) t 1 nearer

39.

(A) t 1 away

Given that, velocity of light in quartz = 1.5 108 m/s and velocity of light in glycerine = (9/4) 108 m/s. Now a slab
made of quartz is placed in glycerine as shown. The shift of the object produced by slab is

(A) 6 cm

(B) 3.55 cm

(C) 9 cm

(D) 2 cm

40.

An object is seen through a glass slab of thickness 36 cm and refractive index 3/2. The observer, object and
the slab are dipped in water (n = 4/3). The shift produced in the position of the object is:
(A) 12 cm
(B) 4 cm
(C) cannot be calculated
(D) 9/2 cm

41.*

A ray of monochromatic light is incident on the plane surface of separation between two
media x & y with angle of incidence i in the medium x and angle of refraction r in the
medium y. The graph shows the relation between sin r and sin i.
(A) the speed of light in the medium y is (3)1/2 times then in medium x.
(B) the speed of light in the medium y is (1/3)1/2 times then in medium x.
(C) the total internal reflection can take place when the incidence is in x.
(D) the total internal reflection can take place when the incidence is in y.

42.

The critical angle of light going from medium A to medium B is

speed of light in medium B is:
(A)

v
sin

(B) v sin

(C) v cot

. The speed of light in medium A is v. The

(D) v tan

SECTION D : REFRACTION BY PRISM

43.

For a prism of apex angle 450, it is found that the angle of emergence is 450 for grazing incidence. Calculate the
refractive index of the prism.
(A) (2)1/2
(B) (3)1/2
(C) 2
(D) (5)1/2

44.

A ray of monochromatic light is incident on one refracting face of a prism of angle 750. It passes through the prism
and is incident on the other face at the critical angle. If the refractive index of the material of the prism is 2, the
angle of incidence on the first face of the prism is
(A) 300
(B) 450
(C) 600
(D) 00

45.

A prism having refractive index 2 and refracting angle 30, has one of the refracting surfaces polished. A
beam of light incident on the other refracting surface will retrace its path if the angle of incidence is:
(A) 0
(B) 30
(C) 45
(D) 60

46.

A ray of light is incident at angle i on a surface of a prism of small angle A & emerges normally from the
opposite surface. If the refractive index of the material of the prism is , the angle of incidence i is nearly
equal to:
(A) A/
(B) A/(2 )
(C) A
(D) A/2

47.*

For the refraction of light through a prism

(A)
For every angle of deviation there are two angles of incidence.
(B)
The light travelling inside an isosceles prism is necessarily parallel to the base when prism is set for
minimum deviation.
(C)
There are two angles of incidence for maximum deviation.
(D)
Angle of minimum deviation will increase if refractive index of prism is increased keeping the outside
medium unchanged.

48.*

An equilateral prism deviates a ray through 40 for two angles of incidence differing by 20. The possible
angles of incidences are:
(A) 400
(B) 500
(C) 200
(D) 600

49.

A beam of monochromatic light is incident at i = 500 on one face of an equilateral prism, the angle of emergence
is 400, then the angle of minimum deviation is:
(A) 300
(B) < 300
(C) 300
(D) 300

50.*

For refraction through a small angled prism, the angle of minimum deviation (ns < np)
(A)
increases with the increase in R.. of the prism
(B)
will be 2D for a ray of R.. 2.4 if it is D for a ray of R.. 1.2
(C)
is directly proportional to the angle of the prism
(D)
will decrease with the increase in R.. of a prism.

51.

A prism of refractive index 2 has refracting angle 60. In order that a ray suffers minimum deviation it should be
incident at an angle :
(A) 450
(B) 900
(C) 300
(D) none

52.

For a glass prism ( =

of the prism is:
(A) 800

2 ) the angle of minimum deviation is equal to the refracting angle of the prism. The angle

(B) 450

(C) 600

(D) 900

53.

The maximum refractive index of a material of a prism of apex angle 900 for which light will be transmitted is:
(A)

54.

(B) 1.5

(C)

(D) None of these

A prism having an apex angle of 40 and refractive index of 1.50 is located in front of a vertical
plane mirror as shown. A horizontal ray of light is incident on the prism. The total angle
through which the
ray is deviated is
(A) 40

(B) 1780

(C) 20

(D) 80

SECTION E : REFRACTION BY SPHERICAL SURFACE

55.

There is a small black dot at the centre C of a solid glass sphere of refractive index
outside, the dot will appear to be located:
(A) away from C for all values of
(B) at C for all values of
(C) at C for

= 1.5, but away from C for 1.5

(D) at C only for 2

. When seen from

1.5.

56.

A fish is near the centre of a spherical water filled fish bowl . A child stands in air at a distance 2 R (R is
radius of curvature of the sphere) from the centre of the bowl . At what distance from the centre would the
child's nose appear to the fish situated at the centre (R.I. of water = 4/3)
(A) 4R
(B) 2R
(C) 3R
(D) R

57.

The image for the converging beam after refraction through the curved surface is formed at:

(A) x = 40 cm
58.

40
cm
3

(C) x =

40
cm
3

(D) x =

180
cm
7

A planoconcave lens is placed on a paper on which a flower is drawn.

How far above its actual position does the flower appear to be?
(A) 10 cm
(B) 15 cm
(C) 50 cm

59.

(B) x =

(D) none of these

A beam of diameter d is incident on a glass hemisphere as shown. If the radius of curvature of the hemisphere
is very large in comparison to d, then the diameter of the beam at the
base of the hemisphere will be:

(A)

3
d
4

(B) d

(C)

d
3

(D)

2
d
3

60*.

Two refracting media are separated by a spherical interface as shown in the figure. P P is the principal axis,
1 and 2 are the refractive indices of medium of incidence and medium
of refraction respectively. Then:
(A)
if 2 > 1, then there cannot be a real image of real object
(B)
if 2 > 1, then there cannot be a real image of virtual object
(C)
if 1 > 2, then there cannot be a virtual image of virtual object
(D)
if 1 > 2, then there cannot be a real image of real object

SECTION F : LENS
61.

The power (in diopters) of an equi convex lens with radii of curvature of 10 cm & refractive
index 1.6 is:
(A) + 12
(B) 12
(C) + 1.2
(D) 1.2

62.

A convexo - concave convergent lens is made of glass of refractive index 1.5 and focal length 24 cm. Radius of
curvature for one surface is double that of the other. Then radii of curvature for the two surfaces are (in cm):
(A) 6, 12
(B) 12, 24
(C) 3, 6
(D) 18, 36

63.

Two symmetric double convex lenses A and B have same focal length, but the radii of curvature differ so that, RA =
0.9 RB. If nA = 1.63, find nB.
(A) 1.7
(B) 1.6
(C) 1.5
(D) 4/3

64.

When a lens of focal length P (in air) made of material of refractive index is immersed in liquid of refractive
index 0. Then the power of lens is:
(A)

1
P
0

(B)

0
P
1

(C)

P
0
.
1 0

(D) none of these

65.

A lens behaves as a converging lens in air and a diverging lens in water. The refractive index of the
(refractive index of water = 1.33)
(A) equal to unity
(B) equal to 1.33
(C) between unity and 1.33
(D) greater than 1.33

66.

The diameter of the sun subtends an angle of 0.50 at the surface of the earth. A converging lens of focal length
100 cm is used to provide an image of the sun on to a screen. The diameter in mm of the image formed is about
(A) 1
(B) 3
(C) 5
(D) 9

67.

A thin lens of focal length f and its aperture diameter d, forms an image of intensity I. Now the central part of the
aperture upto diameter (d/2) is blocked by an opaque paper. The focal length and image intensity would change to
(A) f/2, I/2
(B) f, I/4
(C) 3f/4, I/2
(D) f, 3I/4

68.

A thin symmetrical double convex lens of power P is cut into three parts, as shown in the figure. Power of A
is:
(A) 2 P

69.

(B)

P
2

(C)

P
3

material is

(D) P

In the figure given below, there are two convex lens L1 and L2 having focal length of f1 and f2 respectively. The
distance between L1 and L2 will be
(A) f1

(B) f2

(C) f1 + f2

(D) f1 - f2

70.*

71.

Which of the following cannot form real image of a real object ?

(A) concave mirror
(B) convex mirror
(C) plane mirror

An object is placed at a distance u from a converging lens and its real image is received on a screen placed at a
distance of v from the lens. If f is the focal length of the lens, then the graph between 1/v versus 1/u is:

(A)

72.

(B)

(C)

(D)

A virtual erect image by a diverging lens is represented by (u, v, f are coordinates)

(A)

73.

(D) diverging lens

(B)

(C)

(D)

What should be the value of distance d so that final image is formed on the object itself. (focal lengths o
the lenses are written on the lenses).

(A) 10 cm

(B) 20 cm

(C) 5 cm

(D) none of these

74.*

The values of d 1 & d2 for final rays to be parallel to the principle axis are :
(focal lengths of the lenses are written above the respective lenses)d 1 o d2
(A) d1 = 10 cm, d 2 = 15 cm
(B) d1 = 20 cm, d 2 = 15 cm
(C) d1 = 30 cm, d 2 = 15 cm
(D) None of these

75.*

An object O is kept infront of a converging lens of focal length 30 cm behind which there is a
plane mirror at 15 cm from the lens.
(A) the final image is formed at 60 cm from the lens towards right of it
(B) the final image is at 60 cm from lens towards left of it
(C) the final image is real
(D) the final image is virtual.

76.

A thin linear object of size 1 mm is kept along the principal axis of a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. The
object is at 15 cm from the lens. The length of the image is:
(A) 1 mm
(B) 4 mm
(C) 2 mm
(D) none of these

77.

A biconvex lens is used to project a slide on screen. The slide is 2 cm high and 10 cm from the lens. The image is
18 cm high. What is the focal length of the lens?
(A) 9 cm
(B) 18 cm
(C) 4.5 cm
(D) 20 cm

78.

The minimum distance between an object and its real image formed by a thin convex lens of focal
(A) 4f
(B) 2f
(C) f
(D) f/2

length f is

SECTION G : COMBINATION OF THIN LENS/LENS AND MIRRORS.

79.*

The radius of curvature of the left & right surface of the concave lens are 10 cm & 15 cm respectively. The
radius of curvature of the mirror is 15 cm.
(A) equivalent focal length of the combination is -18 cm
(B) equivalent focal length of the combination is +36 cm
(C) the system behaves like a concave mirror
(D) the system behaves like a convex mirror.

80.

A plano-convex lens, when silvered at its plane surface is equivalent to a concave mirror of focal length 28 cm.
When its curved surface is silvered and the plane surface not silvered, it is equivalent to a concave mirror of
focal length 10 cm, then the refractive index of the material of the lens is:
(A) 9/14
(B) 14/9
(C) 17/9
(D) none

81.

Two plano-convex lenses each of focal length 10 cm & refractive index

3
are placed
2

as shown. In the space left, water R. I. is filled. The whole arrangement is in air..
3
The optical power of the system is (in diopters):
(A) 6.67
82.

83.*

(B) - 6.67

The focal length of a plano-concave lens is

is:
(A) 20 cm
(B) 5 cm

(C) 33.3

10 cm, then its focal length when its plane surface is polished
(C) 5 cm

(D) none of these

If a symmetrical biconcave thin lens is cut into two identical halves. They are placed in
different ways as shown:

(A) three images will be formed in case (i)

(C) the ratio of focal lengths in (ii) & (iii) is 1
84.

(D) 20

(B) two images will be formed in the case (i)

(D) the ratio of focal lengths in (ii) & (iii) is 2

A convex lens of focal length 25 cm and a concave lens of focal length 20 cm are mounted coaxially separated by
a distance d cm. If the power of the combination is zero, d is equal to
(A) 45
(B) 30
(C) 15
(D) 5

SECTION : H DISPERSION OF LIGHT

85.

The dispersion of light in a medium implies that :

(A)
lights of different wavelengths travel with different speeds in the medium
(B)
lights of different frequencies travel with different speeds in the medium
(C)
the refractive index of medium is different for different wavelengths
(D)
all of the above.

86.

Critical angle of light passing from glass to air is minimum for

(A) red
(B) green
(C) yellow

(D) violet

87.

A plane glass slab is placed over various coloured letters. The letter which appears to be raised the
least is:
(A) violet
(B) yellow
(C) red
(D) green

88.

A medium has nv = 1.56, n r = 1.44. Then its dispersive power is:

(A) 3/50
(B) 6/25
(C) 0.03

(D) none of these

89.

All the listed things below are made of flint glass. Which one of these have greatest dispersive power ( ).
(A) prism
(B) glass slab
(C) biconvex lens
(D) all have same

90.

A thin prism P1 with angle 40 made of glass of refractive index 1.54 is combined with another thin prism P2 made of
glass of refractive index 1.72 to produce dispersion without deviation. The angle of the prism P2 is :
(A) 30
(B) 2.60
(C) 40
(D) 5.330

91.

Light of wavelength 4000 is incident at small angle on a prism of apex angle 4. The prism has n v = 1.5 &
nr = 1.48. The angle of dispersion produced by the prism in this light is:
(A) 0.2
(B) 0.08
(C) 0.192
(D) none of these

92.

A prism can produce a minimum deviation in a light beam. If three such prisms are combined, the minimum
deviation that can be produced in this beam is
(A) 0
(B)
(C) 2
(D) 3

93.

Consider the following two statements:

(a) Line spectra contain information about atoms
(b) Band spectra contain information about molecules.
(A) both a and b are wrong
(B) b is correct but a is wrong
(C) both a and b is wrong
(D) both a and b is correct

94.*

A norrow beam of white light goes through a slab having parallel faces
(A)
The light never splits in different colours
(B)
The emergent beam is white
(C)
The light inside the slab is split into different colours
(D)
The light inside the slab is white

95.*

By properly combining two prisms made of different materials, it is possibel to

(A) have dispersion without average deviation
(B) have deviation without dispersion
(C) have both dispersion and average deviation (D) have neither dispersion nor average deviation

96.*

Which of the following quantities increases when wavelength in increased? Consider only the magnitudes
(A) The power of a converging lens
(B) The focal length of a converging lens
(C) The power of a diverging lens
(D) The focal length of a diverging lens

Note : * marked questions are MCQ.

SELECT THE CORRECT ALTERNATIVE(S)

1.*

A flat mirror M is arranged parallel to a wall W at a distance l from it. The light produced by a point source S kept on
the wall is reflected by the mirror and produces a light patch on the wall. The mirror
moves with velocity v towards the wall.
(A)
The patch of light will move with the speed v on the wall.
(B)
The patch of light will not move on the wall.
(C)
As the mirror comes closer the patch of light will become larger and shift away
from the wall with speed larger then v.
(D)
The size of the light patch on the wall remains the same.

2.

An object is placed 30 cm (from the reflecting surface) in front of a block of glass 10 cm thick having its farther
side silvered. The image is found to be at 23.2 cm behind the silvered face, by an observer infront of the block.
The refractive index of glass is (assume near normal incidence) :
(A) 1.41
(B) 1.46
(C) 1.51
(D) 1.61

3.

A ray of light strikes a plane mirror at an angle of incidence 45 as shown in the

figure. After reflection, the ray passes through a prism of refractive index 1.50, whose
apex angle is 4. The angle through which the mirror should be rotated if the total
deviation of the ray is to be 90 is :
(A) 10 clockwise
(C) 20 clockwise

4.

(B) 10 anticlockwise
(D) 20 anticlockwise

W hen the object is at distances u 1 & u 2 the images formed by the same lens are real and virtual
respectively and of the same size. Then focal length of the lens is:
(A)

1
2

u1 u 2

(B)

u1 u 2
2

(C)

u1 u 2

(D) 2 (u 1 + u 2)

5.*

A man wishing to get a picture of a Zebra photographed as white donkey after fitting a glass with black streaks onto
the objective of his camera.
(A) The image will look like a white donkey on the photograph.
(B) The image will look like a Zebra on the photograph
(C) The image will be more intense compared to the case in which no such glass is used.
(D) The image will be less intense compared to the case in which no such glass is used.

6.

A beam of white light is incident on hollow prism of glass. Then :

(A)
(B)

7.

the light emerging from prism gives no dispersion

the light emerging from prism gives spectrum but the bending of all colours is
away from base.
(C)
the light emerging from prism gives spectrum, all the colours bend towards
base, the violet the most and red the least.
(D)
the light emerging from prism gives spectrum, all the colours bend towards
base, the violet the least and red the most.
A light ray is incident on a plane mirror M. The mirror is rotated in the direction as shown in the figure by an arrow

at frequency 9/ rps. The light reflected by the mirror is received on the wall W
at a distance 10 m from the axis of rotation. When the angle of incidence
becomes 37 the speed of the spot (a point) on the wall is:
(A) 10 m/s
(C) 500 m/s

(B) 1000 m/s

(D) none of these

8.*

Two plane mirrors are inclined to each other with their reflecting faces making
acute angle. A light ray is incident on one plane mirror. The total deviation after two successive reflections is:
(A) independent of the initial angle of incidence
(B) independent of the angle between the mirrors
(C) dependent on the initial angle of incidence
(D) dependent on the angle between the mirrors.

9.*

An equiconvex lens of refractive index n 2 is placed such that the refractive index of the surrounding media is
as shown. Then the lens:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)

10.

In a thick glass slab of thickness and refractive index n 1 a cuboidal cavity of thickness m is carved as
shown in the figure & is filled with liquid of R. I. n2 (n1 > n2). The ratio of /
m, so that shift produced by this slab is zero when an observer A observes
an object B with paraxial rays is:

(A)

11.

must be diverging if n 2 is less than the arithmetic mean of n 1 and n3

must be converging if n 2 is greater than the arithmetic mean of n 1 and n3
may be diverging if n 2 is less than the arithmetic mean of n 1 and n3
will neither be diverging nor converging if n 2 is equal to arithmetic mean of n 1 and n3

n1 n 2
n2 1

(B)

n n2
n1 n 2
(C) 1
n1 1
n 2 (n1 1)

(D)

n1 n 2
n1 (n 2 1)

Two plane mirrors of length L are separated by distance L and a man M 2

is standing at distance L from the connecting line of mirrors as shown in figure. A man
M1 is walking in
a straight line at distance 2 L parallel to mirrors at speed u, then man M 2 at O will be
able to see M 1 for time:
(A)

4L
u

(B)

3L
u

(C)

6L
u

(D)

9L
u

12.

In the figure shown a point object O is placed in air. A spherical boundary of radius
of curvature 1.0 m separates two media. AB is principal axis. The refractive index
above AB is 1.6 and below AB is 2.0. The separation between the images formed
due to refraction at spherical surface is:
(A) 12 m
(B) 20 m
(C) 14 m
(D) 10 m

13.*

In the figure shown a point object O is placed in air on the principal axis. The radius
of curvature of the spherical surface is 60 cm. I f is the final image formed after all
the refractions and reflections.
(A)
If d1 = 120 cm, then the If is formed on O for any value of d 2.
(B)
If d1 = 240 cm, then the If is formed on O only if d2 = 360 cm.
(C)
If d1 = 240 cm, then the If is formed on O for all values of d 2.
(D)
If d1 = 240 cm, then the If cannot be formed on O .

14.

In the figure shown a thin parallel beam of light is incident on a plane mirror m1 at
small angle . m2 is a concave mirror of focal length f. After three successive
reflections of this beam the x and y coordinates of the image is :
(A) x = f d, y = f
(C) x = f d, y = f

(B) x = d + f , y = f
(D) x = d f , y = f

15.

The distance between an object and its doubly magnified image by a concave mirror is:
[ Assume f = focal length ]
(A) 3 f/2
(B) 2 f/3
(C) 3 f
(D) depends on whether the image is real or virtual.

16.

In the figure shown, the image of a real object is formed at point . AB is the
principal axis of the mirror. The mirror must be:
(A) concave & placed towards right of (B) concave & placed towards left of
(C) convex & placed towards right of (D) convex & placed towards left of .

17.

An object is kept on the principal axis of a convex mirror of focal length 10 cm at a distance of 10 cm from the
pole. The object starts moving at a velocity 20 mm/sec towards the mirror at angle 30 with the principal axis.
What will be the speed of its image & direction with the principal axis at that instant.
(A) speed = 5
(C) tan 1

18.

with the principal axis

(D) none of these

(B) 1.5 cm

(C) 4.5 cm

(D) 1 cm

A parallel beam of light is incident on the upper part of a prism of angle 1.8 & R.I.
3/2. The light coming out of the prism falls on a concave mirror of radius of curvature
20 cm. The distance of the point (where the rays are focused after reflection from
the mirror) from the principal axis is:
(A) 9 cm

20.

(B) speed = 5 7 mm/sec

M1 & M2 are two concave mirrors of the same focal length 10 cm. AB &
CD are their principal axes respectively. A point object O is kept on the
line AB at distance 15 cm from M 1. The distance between the mirrors is
20 cm. Considering two successive reflections first on M 1 and then on
M2. The distance of final image from the line AB is:
(A) 3 cm

19.

7
mm/sec
4

(B) 1.5 7 mm

(C) 3.14 mm

(D) none of these

A symmetrical converging convex lens of focal length 10 cm & diverging concave

lens of focal length 20 cm are cut from the middle & perpendicular to their
principal axis. The parts thus
obtained are arranged as shown in the figure. The focal length of this arrangement
will be:
(A)

(B) 20 cm

(C) 40 cm

(D) 80 cm

21.

An object ' O ' is kept in air in front of a thin plano convex lens of radius of
curvature 10 cm. It's refractive index is 3/2 and the medium towards right
of plane surface is water of refractive index 4/3. What should be the distance
'x' of the object so that the rays become parallel finally.
(A) 5 cm
(B) 10 cm
(C) 20 cm
(D) none of these

22.

The angular dispersion produced by a prism :

(A) increases if the average refractive index increases
(B) increases if the average refractive index decreases
(C) remains constant whether the average refractive index increases or decreases
(D) has no relation with average refractive index

23.*

Which of the following quantities related to a lens depend on the wavelength of wavelengths of the incident light?
(A) power
(B) focal length
(C) chromatic aberration
(D) radii of curvature

1.

See the figure.

Find the distance of final image formed by mirror

2.

Two spherical mirrors (convex & concave) having the same focal length of 36 cm
are arranged so that their optical axes coincide. The separation between the mirrors
is 1 m. At what distance from the concave mirror should an object be placed so
that its images formed by the concave and convex mirrors independently are identical
in size?

3.

A burning candle is placed in front of a concave spherical mirror on its principal optical axis at a distance of (4/3)F
from the pole of the mirror (here F is the focal length of the mirror). The candle is arranged at right angles to the axis.
The image of the candle in the concave mirror impinges upon a convex mirror of focal length 2 F. The distance
between the mirrors is 3F and their axes coincide. The image of the candle in the first mirror plays the part of a
virtual object with respect to the second mirror and gives a real image arranged between the two mirrors. Plot this
image and calculate the total linear magnification of the system.

4.

Light is incident from glass to air. The variation of the angle of deviation
with the angle of incidence i for 0 < i < 90 is shown. Find the values of
x,y and z, in terms of critical angle C, shown in the figure.

5.

Light is incident from glass to water

2

is only one angle of incidence.

. Find the range of the angle of deviation for which there

3

6.

A cylindrical vessel, whose diameter and height both are equal to 30 cm, is placed on
a horizontal surface and a small particle P is placed in it at a distance of 5.0 cm from
the centre. An eye is placed at a position such that the edge of the bottom is just
visible (see figure). The particle P is in the plane of drawing. Up to what minimum
height should water be poured in the vessel to make the particle P visible?

7.

A container contains water upto a height of 20 cm and there is a point source at the centre of the bottom of
the container. A rubber ring of radius r floats centrally on the water. The ceiling of the room is 2.0 m above the
water surface. (a) Find the radius of the shadow of the ring formed on the ceiling if r = 15 cm. (b) Find the
maximum value of r for which the shadow of the ring is formed on the ceiling. Refractive index of water = 4/3.

8.

A light ray, going through a prism with the angle of prism 60, is found to deviate by 30. What limit on the
refractive index can be put from these data?

9.

A hemispherical portion of the surface of a solid glass sphere ( = 1.5) of radius r is silvered to make the inner
side reflecting. An object is placed on the axis of the hemisphere at a distance 3r from the centre of the
sphere. The light from the object is refracted at the unsilvered part, then reflected from the silvered part and
again refracted at the unsilvered part. Locate the final image formed.

10.

A converging lens of focal length 15 cm and a converging mirror of focal length 10 cm are placed 50 cm apart
with common principal axis. A point source is placed in between the lens and the mirror at a distance of 40
cm from the lens. Find the locations of the two images formed.

11.

Consider the situation described in the previous problem. Where should a point source be placed on the
principal axis so that the two images from at the same placed?

12.

The angle of incidence of a light ray on a plane mirror is decreased by 15. How much will the angle between
the incident and the reflected ray be decreased?

13.

Two plane mirrors form an angle of 120. The distance between the two images of a point source formed in
them is 20 cm. Determine the distance from the light source to the point where the mirrors touch if it lies on
the bisector of angle formed by the mirrors.

14.

How should two plane mirrors be arranged for a point source of light and its two images to lie at the vertices
of an equilateral triangle?

15.

A square plane mirror 50 cm long, is hung parallel to a vertical wall of a room, with its lower edge 50 cm above
the ground. A man stands infront of the mirror at a distance 2 m away from the mirror. If his eyes are at a
height 1.8 m above the ground, find the length of the floor, visible to him reflected from the mirror.

16.

A fish is rising up vertically inside a pond with velocity 4 cm/s, and notices a bird, which is diving vertically
downward & its velocity appears to be 16 cm/s (to the fish). What is the real velocity of the diving bird, if
refractive index of water is 4/3.

17.

The distance between two point sources of light is = 24 cm. Where should a convergent lens with a focal
length of f = 9 cm be placed between them to obtain the images of both sources at the same point?

18.

A glass porthole is made at the bottom of a ship for observing sea life. The hole diameter
D = 40 cm is much larger than the thickness of the glass. Determine the area S of the field of vision at the sea
bottom for the porthole if the refractive index of water is w = 1.4 and the sea depth is h = 5 m.

19.

The average size of an Indian Face is (24 16) cm 2. Find the minimum size of a plane mirror required to see
the Face completely by:
(i) one eyed man
(ii) two eyed man.
(Distance between eyes is = 4 cm)

20.

In an experiment performed with a 60 prism where angle of minimum deviation for sodium light is 60 in air.
The following observations were done. When sodium light enters at one face at grazing incidence from a
certain liquid, it emerges from the other face (in air) at 60 from the normal to edge of the prism. Are the
observations correct.

21.

An object O is kept in air and a lens of focal length 10 cm (in air) is kept at the
bottom of a container which is filled upto a height 44 cm by water. The refractive
index of water is 4/3 and that of glass is 3/2. The bottom of the container is closed
by a thin glass slab of refractive index 3/2. Find the position of the final image
formed by the system.

22.

A convex mirror and a concave mirror each of focal length f are placed coaxially. They are separated by 4f and
their reflecting surfaces face each other. An object is kept on the principle axis at a distance x from the
concave mirror such that final image after two reflections, first on the concave mirror, is on the object itself.
Find x in terms of f.

23.

A concave mirror forms the real image of a point source lying on the optical axis at a distance of 50 cm from
the mirror. The focal length of the mirror is 25 cm. The mirror is cut in to two & its halves are drawn a
distance of 1 cm apart in a direction perpendicular to the optical axis. How will the images formed by the
halves of the mirror be arranged?

24.

A kid of height 1.1 ft is sleeping straight between focus and centre of curvature along the principal axis of a
concave mirror of small aperture. His head is towards the mirror and is 0.5 ft from the focus of the mirror. How
a plane mirror should be placed so that the image formed by it due to reflected light from concave mirror looks
like a person of height 5.5 ft standing vertically. Draw the ray diagram. Find the focal length of the concave
mirror.

25.

A hollow sphere of glass of R.. n has a small mark M on its interior surface
which is observed by an observer O from a point outside the sphere. C is
centre of the sphere. The inner cavity (air) is concentric with the external
surface and thickness of the glass is every where equal to the radius of the
inner surface. Find the distance by which the mark will appear nearer than it
really is in terms of n and R assuming paraxial rays.

26.

A fly F is sitting on a glass slab S 45cm thick & of refractive index 3/

2.The slab covers the top of a container C containing water (R.I. 4/3) upto
a height of 20 cm. Bottom of container
is closed by a concave mirror M of radius of curvature 40 cm. Locate the
final image formed by all refractions & reflection assuming paraxial rays.

27.

Two media each of refraction index 1.5 with plane parallel boundaries are
separated by 100 cm. A convex lens of focal length 60 cm is placed midway
between them with its principal axis normal to the boundaries. A luminous
point object O is placed in one medium on the axis of the lens at a distance
125 cm from it. Find the position of its image formed as a result of refraction
thorough the system.

28.

A fluorescent lamp of length 1 m is placed horizontally at a depth of 1.2 m below a ceiling. A plane mirror of
length 0.6 m is placed below the lamp parallel to and symmetric to the lamp at a distance 2.4 m from it. Find
the length of the reflected patch of light on the ceiling.

29*.

Two converging lenses of the same focal length f are separated

by distance 2 f. The axis of the second lens is inclined at angle
with respect to the axis of the first lens. A parallel paraxial
beam of light is incident from left side on the lens. Find the
coordinates of the final image with respect to the origin of the
first lens.

30*.

Using Fermat's principle [light takes minimum time to go from one point to the other point], derive the laws of
reflection and refraction of light on the plane interface between two media.

31.

The focal lengths of a convex lens for red, yellow and violet rays are 100 cm, 98 cm and 96 cm respectively. Find the
dispersive power of the material of the lens.

32.

A thin prism of angle 6.0, = 0.07 and y = 1.50 is combined with another thin prism having = 0.08 and y = 1.60.
The combination produces no deviation in the mean ray. (a) Find the angle of the second prism. (b) Find the net
angular dispersion produced by the combination when a beam of white light passes through it. (c) If the prisms are
similarly directed, what will be the deviation in the mean ray? (d) Find the angular dispersion in the situation
described in (c).

1.

A right angle prism (45 90 45) of refractive index n has a plate of

refractive index n 1 (n1 < n) cemented to its diagonal face. The assembly is in air.
a ray is incident on AB (see the figure).
(i)
Calculate the angle of incidence at AB for which the ray strikes the
diagonal face at the critical angle.
(ii)

Assuming n = 1.352. Calculate the angle of incidence at AB for which

the refracted ray passes through the diagonal face undeviated.
[JEE 96, 3/100]

2.

A thin planoconvex. Lens of focal length F is split into two halves, one of
the halves is shifted along the optical axis. The separation between object
and image planes is 1.8 m. The magnification of the image formed by one of
the half lenses is 2. Find the focal length of the lens and separation between
the two halves. Draw the ray diagram for image formation. [ JEE 96, 5/100 ]

3.

Which of the following form(s) a virtual and erect image for all positions of the object?
(A) Convex lens
(B) Concave lens
(C) Convex mirror
(D) Concave mirror
[ JEE 96, 2/100 ]

4.

A small fish, 0.4 m below the surface of a lake, is viewed through a simple converging lens of focal length
3 m. The lens is kept at 0.2 m above the water surface such that the fish lies on the optical axis of the lens.
Find the image of the fish seen by the observer. The refractive index of the water is 4/3.
[ REE 96, 5 ]

5.

A thin equiconvex lens of glass of refractive index = 3/2 & of focal

length 0.3 m in air is sealed into an opening at one end of a tank filled
with water ( = 4/3). On the opposite side of the lens, a mirror is placed
inside the tank on the tank wall perpendicular to the lens axis, as shown
in figure. The separation between the lens and the mirror is 0.8 m. A small
object is placed outside the tank in front of the lens at a distance of 0.9 m
from the lens along its axis. Find the position (relative to the lens) of the
image of the object formed by the system.
[ JEE ' 97, 5 ]

6.
(i)

[ JEE '98 3/200 Each ]

A concave mirror is placed on a horizontal table, with its axis directed vertically upwards. Let O be the pole
of the mirror and C its centre of curvature. A point object is placed at C. It has a real image, also located at C.
If the mirror is now filled with water, the image will be:
(A) real, & will remain at C
(B) real, & located at a point between C and
(C) virtual, & located at a point between C and O
(D) real, & located at a point between C and O.

(ii)

A ray of light travelling in a transparent medium falls on a surface separating the medium from air at an
angle of incidence of 45. The ray undergoes total internal reflection. If n is the refractive index of the medium
with respect to air, select the possible value(s) of n from the following:
(A) 1.3
(B) 1.4
(C) 1.5
(D) 1.6

(iii)

A spherical surface of radius of curvature R separates air (refractive index 1.0) from glass (refractive index
1.5). The centre of curvature is in the glass. A point object P placed in air is found to have a real image Q
in the glass. The line PQ cuts the surface at a point O and PO = OQ. The distance PO is equal to:
(A) 5 R
(B) 3 R
(C) 2 R
(D) 1.5 R

7.

A prism of refractive index n 1 and another prism of refractive index n 2 are

stuck together without a gap as shown in the figure. The angles of the
prisms are as shown. n1 and n2 depend on , the wavelength of light according
to n1 = 1.20 +

10.8 10 4
2

and n2 = 1.45 +

1.80 10 4
2

where is in nm.

(i)

Calculate the wavelength 0 for which rays incident at any angle on

the interface BC pass through without bending at that interface.

(ii)

For light of wavelength 0, find the angle of incidence i on the face AC such that the deviation produced
by the combination of prisms is minimum.
[JEE '98, (2 + 6)/200]

8.

A rod made of glass ( = 1.5) and of square cross-section is bent into the shape
shown in figure. A parallel beam of light falls perpendicularly on the plane flat
surface A. Referring to the diagram, d is the width of a side and R is the radius
of inner semicircle. Find the maximum value of ratio d/R so that all light entering
the glass through surface A emerge from the glass through surface B.
[ REE '98, 5 ]

9.

A concave lens of glass, refractive index 1.5, has both surfaces of same radius of curvature R. On immersion
in a medium of refractive index 1.75, it will behave as a
(A) convergent lens of focal length 3.5R
(B) convergent lens of focal length 3.0 R.
(C) divergent lens of focal length 3.5 R
(D) divergent lens of focal length 3.0 R [ JEE 99, 2/100 ]

10.

The x-y plane is the boundary between two transparent media. Medium-1 with z > 0 has refractive index

and medium -2 with z < 0 has a refractive index 3 A ray of light in medium-1 given by the vector

A = 6 3 i + 8 3 j 10 k is incident on the plane of separation. Find the unit vector in the direction of
refracted ray in medium 2.

[ JEE 99, 10/100 ]

11.

A quarter cylinder of radius R and refractive index 1.5 is placed on a table. A point
object P is kept at a distance of mR from it. Find the value of m for which a ray
from P will emerge parallel to the table as shown in the figure.
[ JEE '99, 5/100 ]

12.

Two symmetric double-convex lenses L 1 & L2 with their radii of curvature 0.2 m each are made from glasses
with refractive index 1.2 & 1.6 respectively. The lenses with a separation of 0.345 m are submerged in a
transparent liquid medium with a refractive index of 1.4. Find the focal lengths of lens L1 & L2. An object is
placed at a distance of 1.3 m from L1, find the location of its image while the whole system remains inside the
liquid.
[ REE 99, 5 ]

13.

[JEE '2000 (Screening) 3/105 Each]

(a)

A diverging beam of light from a point source S having divergence angle ,

falls symmetrically on a glass slab as shown. The angles of incidence of
the two extreme rays are equal. If the thickness of the glass slab is t and
the refractive index n, then the divergence angle of the emergent beam is
(A) zero
(D) 2sin1(1/n)

(b)

(B)

A rectangular glass slab ABCD, of refractive index n 1, is

immersed in water of refractive index n2(n1> n2). A ray of light is
incident at the surface AB of the slab as shown. The maximum
value of the angle of incidence max, such that the ray comes
out only from the other surface CD is given by

n1
1 n2
(A) sin 1 n cos sin n
2
1

n1
(C) sin 1 n
2
(c)

(C) sin1(1/n)

(B) sin 1 n1 cos

1 1
sin

n2

n2
(D) sin 1 n
1

A point source of light B is placed at a distance L in front of the centre of a mirror of width d hung
vertically on a wall. A man walks in front of the mirror along a line parallel to the mirror at a distance
2L from it as shown. The greatest distance over which he can see the image of the light source in the
mirror is

(A) d/2

(B) d

(C) 2d

(D) 3d

(d)

14.

A hollow double concave lens is made of very thin transparent material. It can be filled with air or
either of two liquids L 1 or L2 having refractive indices n 1 and n2 respectively (n2 > n1 > 1). The lens will
diverge a parallel beam of light if it is filled with
(A) air and placed in air.
(B) air and immersed in L 1.
(C) L1 and immersed in L2.
(D) L2 and immersed in L1.

A convex lens of focal length 15 cm and a concave mirror of focal length 30

cm are kept with their optic axes PQ and RS parallel but separated in
vertical direction by 0.6 cm as shown. The distance between the lens and
mirror is 30 cm. An upright object AB of height 1.2 cm is placed on the optic
axis PQ of the lens at a distance of 20 cm from the lens. If A B is the image
after refraction from the lens and reflection from the mirror, find the distance
A B from the pole of the mirror and obtain its magnification. Also locate
positions of A and B with respect to the optic axis RS.
[ JEE 2000 Mains 6/100 ]

15.

[ JEE 2001 (Screening 3/105 Each ]

(i)

A given ray of light suffers minimum deviation in an equilateral prism

P Additional prisms Q and R of identical shape and of the same
material as P are now added as shown in the figure. The ray will
now suffer.
(A) greater deviation
(C) same deviation as before

(ii)

A ray of light passes through four transparent media with

refractive indices 1, 2, 3 & 4 as shown in the figure. The
surfaces of all media are parallel. If the emergent ray CD is
parallel to the incident ray AB, we must have:
(A) 1 = 2
(C) 3 = 4

16.
(i)

(ii)

(B) no deviation
(D) total internal reflection

(B) 2 = 3
(D) 4 = 1

[ JEE 2001 (Mains) 5/100 Each ]

The refractive indices of the crown glass for blue and red lights are 1.51 & 1.49 respectively and
those of the flint glass are 1.77 & 1.73 respectively. An isosceles prism of angle 6 is made of crown
glass. A beam of white light is incident at a small angle on this prism. The other flint glass isosceles
prism is combined with the crown glass prism such that there is no deviation of the incident light.
Determine the angle of the flint glass prism. Calculate the net dispersion of the combined system.
A thin biconvex lens of refractive index 3/2 is placed on a horizontal
plane mirror as shown in the figure. The space between the lens and
the mirror is then filled with water of refractive index 4/3. It is found
that when a point object is placed 15 cm above the lens on its principal
axis, the object coincides with its own image. On repeating with another liquid, the object and the
image again coincide at a distance 25 cm from the lens. Calculate the refractive index of the liquid.

17.

[ JEE Screening 2002, 3/105 Each ]

(i)

Two plane mirrors A & B are aligned parallel to each other, as shown in
the figure. A light ray is incident to an angle of 30 at a point just inside
one end of A. The plane of incidence coincides with the plane of the
figure. The maximum number of times the ray undergoes reflections
(including the first one) before it emerges out is:
(A) 28

(B) 30

(C) 32

(D) 34

(ii)

An observer can see through a pinhole the top end of a thin rod of height
h, placed as shown in the figure. The beaker height is 3h and its radius h.
When the beaker is filled with a liquid up to a height 2h, he can see the
lower end of the rod. Then the refractive index of the liquid is:

(A)
(iii)

5
2

(B)

5
2

(C)

3
2

(D)

3
2

Which one of the following spherical lenses does not exhibit dispersion? The radii of curvature of the
surface of the lenses are as given in the diagrams.
(A)

(B)

(C)

18.

(D)

[ JEE 2003 (Screening) 3/90 Each ]

(i)

In ray of light (CH) is incident on the glass-water interface DC at an

angle 'i'. It emerges in air along the water-air interface EF (see figure).
If the refractive index of water w is 4/3, the refractive index of glass g
is :

3
(A) 4 sin i

(ii)

1
(B) sin i

(C)

4 sin i
3

4
(D) 3 sin i

A thin convex lens of focal length 30 cm forms an image 2 cm high, of an object at infinity. A thin
concave lens of focal length 20 cm is placed 26 cm from the convex lens on the side of the image.
The height of the image now is :
(A) 1.0 cm
(B) 1.25 cm
(C) 2 cm
(D) 2.5 cm

19.

A meniscus lens is made of a material of refractive index 2. Both its surfaces

have radii of curvature R. It has two diffrent media of refractive indices 1 and 3
respectively, on its two sides (shown in the figure). Calculate its focal length for
1 < 2 < 3, when light is incident on it as shown.
[ JEE 2003 (Mains) 2/60 ]

20.

A point object is situated at the centre of a solid glass sphere of radius 6cm and refractive index 1.5 . The distance
of its virtual image from the surface of the sphere is.
[ JEE 2004 (Scr.) 3/84 ]
(A) 4 cm
(B) 6 cm
(C) 9 cm
(D) 12 cm

21.

An equilaterial prism is kept on a horizontal surface. A typical ray of light PQRS is shown in the figure. For minimum
deviation

(A) the ray PQ must be horizontal

(C) the ray QR must be horizontal

(B) the ray RS must be horizontal

(D) any one of them can be horizontal [ JEE 2004 (Scr.), 3/84 ]

22.

A ray of white light is incident on an interface between glass and air from glass towards air. The angle of incidence
is such that the green light just suffers total internal reflection. The ray of light emerging from glass to air contains:
[ JEE 2004 (Scr.), 3/84 ]
(A) red, orange and yellow colours
(B) violet, indigo and blue colour
(C) all colours
(D) all colours except green

23.

A ray of light in air is incident on face AB of an irregular block made

of material with refractive index

2 , as shown in figure. The face CD

opposite to AB is a spherical surface of radius of curvature 0.4 m.
From this face the refracted ray enters a medium of refractive index
1.514 and meets the axis PQ at point E. Determine the distance OE
correct to two decimal places.
[ JEE 2004 (Mains) 2/60 ]

24.

An object is placed at a distance of 0.4 m from a lens having focal length 0.3 m. The object is moving towards the
lens at a speed of 0.01 m/s. Find the rates of change of position of image and lateral magnification of image.
[ JEE 2004 (Mains) 4/60 ]

25.

Figure shows object O. Final image is formed after two refractions and one reflection is also shown in figure. Find
the focal length of mirror. (in cm) :

[ JEE 2005 (Scr) 3/60 ]

(A) 10
26.

(B) 15

(C) 20

In the figure two triangular prisms are shown each of refractive index

(D) 25

3.

[ JEE 2005 (Mains) 4/60 ]

(a)

Find the angle of incidence on the face AB for minimum deviation from
the prism ABC?

(b)

Find the angle through which the prism DCE should be rotated about
the edge passing through point C so that there should be minimum
deviation from the system?

1.

A concave lens made of a material of refractive index n1 is kept in a medium of refractive index n2. A parallel beam
of light is incident on the lens. Complete the path of rays of light emerging from the concave lens if
(i) n1 > n2,
(ii) n1 = n2 and
(iii) n1 < n2 .
[ 3/70 - CBSE 2000 ]

2.

A convex lens made of a material of refractive index n, is kept in a medium of refractive index n2. Parallel rays of light
are incident on the lens. Complete the path of the rays of light emerging from the convex lens if
(i) n1 > n2
(ii) n1 = n2 and
(iii) n1 < n2.
[ 3/70 - CBSE 2000 ]

3.

A ray of light incident on an equilateral glass prism shows minimum deviation of 30. Calculate the speed of light
through the glass prism.
[ 2/70 -CBSE 2001 ]

4.

Where should an object be placed from a converging lens of focal length 20 cm, so as to obtain a real image of
magnification 2 ?
[ 3/70 - CBSE 2001 ]

5.

What changes in the focal length of a

(i) concave minor and
(ii) convex lens occur, when the incident violet light on them is replaced with red light ?
[ 2/70 - CBSE 2002 ]

6.

State the conditions for total internal reflection of light to take place. Calculate the speed of light in a medium,
whose critical angle is 45.
[ 2/70 - CBSE 2002 ]

7.

An object is placed at the focus of concave lens. Where will its image be formed ?
[ 2/70 - CBSE 2003 ]

8.

A converging lens of focal length 6.25 cm is used as a magnifying glass. If the near point of the observer is 25 cm
from the eye and lens is held close to the eye, calculate the distance of the object from the lens.
[ 2/70 - CBSE 2003 ]

9.

Draw a graph to show the variation of the angle of deviation 'D' with that of the angle of incidence i for a monochromatic ray of light passing through a glass prism of refracting angle A. Hence deduce the relation
D A
sin m

=
.
A
sin
2

[ 5/70 - CBSE 2003 ]

10.

Define critical angle with reference to total internal reflection. Calculate the critical angle for glass air surface, if
a ray of light which is incident in air on the glass surface is deviated through 15, when angle of incidence is 45.
[ 3/70 - CBSE 2003 ]

11.

A spherical surface of radius of curvature R, separates a rerer and a debser

medium as shown in the figure. Complete the path of the incident ray of
light, showing the formation of a real image. Hence derive the relation connecting object distnace image distnace v, radius of curvature R and the
refractive indicdes n1 and n2 of the two media. Briefly explain, how the focal
length of a convex lens changes, with increase in wavelength of incident
light.
[ 5/70 - CBSE 2004 ]

12.

A right angled crown glass prims with critical angle 41 is placed between an object PQ. In two positions as shown
in figure (i) and (ii). Trace the paths of the rays from P and Q passing through the prisms in the two cases.

[ 3/70 - CBSE 2005 ]

13.

A beam of light converges to a point P. A lens is placed in the path of the convergent beam 12 cm from P. At what
point does the beam converge if the lens is
(a) a convex lens of focal length 20 cm,
(b) a concave lens of focal length 16 cm?
Do the required calculations.
[ 3/70 - CBSE 2006 ]

EXERCISE # 1

25.

1.

(4, 0, 0)

2.

120 anticlockwise and 240 clockwise.

3.

30 clockwise.

4.

60

28.

5.

40

6.

(a) 1

7.

Position of image = (1 cos 60, 1 sin 60)

(b) 20 cm/s opposite along the velocity of object.

26.

(b) (4, 0)

(a) 40 cm/s opposite to the velocity object.,

(c) No

61.25 cm

27.

45

0.67 10 sec.

29.

1.25 m

30.

3m

31.

9.9 mm

32

30 cm

33.

25 cm.

34.

35 cm , Shift = 5 cm.

35.

27

36.

0.28 m above P

37.

2.25 cm, 1.78

Velocity of image = 1 cos 60 i , + 1 sin 60 j m/s.

8.

Mirror should be placed on the path of the rays at

an of 78 or 12 to the horizontal

9.

Mirror should be placed at an of 45 to the

horizontal with mirror surface facing upwards

10.

0.2 m from the mirror

11.
12.

39.

84 cm, 0.05 m
approx. 0.1 cm inside the ball bearing 5 10 3 cm.

13.

Infinitely large.

14.

60 cm

15.

10.35 cm

16.

1.95 m

17.

16 cm

18.

2
cm
3

38. (i)

h 2

41. > sin-1

>

40.

2 1

8
42.
9

R
(R h)
(ii)

sini + , No
4

= 2i - 4 sin-1

43.

90

44.

= 1.35, i = 75

45.

37, This deviation is not minimum.

46.

= 60

47.

38 = m = 2 sin1 (3/4) 60

48.

(i) 1.5, (ii)

49.

240 cm away from the separating surface

50.

(a) 2, (b) not possible, it will focus close to the

centre if the refractive index is large

3
8

20.

virtual, virtual

51.

40 cm from pole in the medium of refrative index 2,

Virtual, erect and 4 cm in size.

21.

(i)
(ii)

52.

80 cm

54.

13.5 cm below the surface of water

22.

Virtual object, Real image

55.

(i) No shift is observed (ii) 1 cm

23.

larger, smaller
56.

8/3 mm, virtual at v = - 20, no invertion

57.

75 cm, 150 cm

58.

14 cm, 120 cm

59.

360 cm; ; 600 cm

Real object, Virtual image

smaller, larger

24.

real, 2f,
infinity : real,2f , f

53.

50 cm

EXERCISE # 2

62.

Converging

63.

3R
1R
(a) 2 (b) 2
2
1
3
2
1
3

Q.No.

Ans

10
D

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

64.

20 cm, 1 m, 4, 24 cm

Q.No.

11

Ans

A,B

BC

65.

0.3 m

Q.No.

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

Ans

ACD

66.

(i) F 1/F2 = 1.4

(ii) In this liquid the 1 st lens will be diverging
& the 2nd a converging one

Q.No.

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

1m

67.
69.
71.
72.

3 cm

68.
70.

16 cm
0.37 cm

15 cm
60 cm from the lens further away from the mirror

73.

30 cm from the lens further away from the mirror

74.

1.67 cm from the lens

75.

At the object itself, of the same size

76.

30.33 cm from the lens

77.

78.

1.0 cm if the light is incident from the side of

concave lens and 2.5 mm if it is incident from the
side of the convex lens.
60 cm from the diverging lens or 210 cm from the
converging lens.

79.

10 D

80.

10 cm for convex lens and 60 cm for concave lens

81.

6.7 D

Ans

Q.No.

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

Ans

BD

CD

A,D

AC

Q.No.

51

52

53

54

55

56

57

58

59

60

Ans

AC

Q.No.

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

Ans

Q.No.

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

Ans

ABC

BC

AC

Q.No.

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

10

Ans

AC

Q.No.

91

92

93

94

95

96

Ans

BC

ABC

BD

EXERCISE # 3
Q.No.

Ans

BD
11

C
12

B
13

B
14

BD
15

A
16

B
17

C
21

A
22

AB
23

Q.No.
Ans

ABC

Q.No.
Ans

AD ABD B
18 19 20
B

EXERCISE # 4
1.

16 cm on the right side of the mirror.

2.

86 cm

4.

x = C, y = 90C, z = 180 2C

3.

82.

75 cm

83.

(a) 15 cm from the lens on the axis

(b) 1.14 cm towards the lens

6.

8
8
to 1800 2sin 9
9
26.7 cm

7.

(a) 2.8 m

84.

(a) 0.2 (b) 0.72

8.

85.

7.2

9.

At the refracting surface of the sphere

10.

One at 15 cm and the other at 24 cm from the

lens away from the mirror

11.

30 cm from the lens towards the mirror.

12.

By 30

13.

11.5 cm =

2( y 1)

86.

(a) 1
y

5. 900 sin1

2(v r )
(b)
v
r

(b) 22.6 cm

20
3

14.

15.
16.

At right angles to the sides of the at equal

distance from the vertices
45
m
1.73 m =
26
9 cm/s
17.

6, 18 cm

12. f 1 = 70 cm, f 2 = 70 cm, V = 560 cm to the right of L2

13.
(a) B (b) A
(c) D (d) D
14. A B at 15 cm to the right of mirror. B is 0.3 cm
above RS & A is 1.5 cm below RS. Magnification is
1.5
15.

(i) C (ii) D

16.

(i) A = 4, = 0.04

18.

h
D
= 88.35 m 2

2 1 2
w

17.

(i) B

19.

(i) 12 8 cm2

19.

f =

20.

21.

90 cm

23.

OE = 6.06 m

23.

At a distance of 50 cm from the mirror & 2 cm

from each other
24.

dv
dm
= 0.09 m/s;
= 0.3 sec1 25.
dt
dt

26.

(a)

(ii) 12 6 cm 2 20. No
22.

(n 1)R/(3n 1)

24.

f = 2 ft

26.

22.5 cm below the upper surface of the glass slab

27.

200 cm, w.r.t. lens

29.
32.

25.

3 3 f

F(1 2 cos )
,0
1 cos

(a) 5

(ii) B

(ii) n = 8/5 = 1.6

(iii) C 18.

(i) B

22.

(ii) D

3 R
( 3 1 )
21.

i = 60 (b)

60

EXERCISE # 6

28. 3 m
31. 0.041
1.

(b) 0.03

(c) 6

(d) 0.45

EXERCISE # 5
1.

1
(i) sin1
2
(ii) r 1 = sin1

n 2 n 2 n
1
1

(n sin 45) = 72.94

2.

2.

f = 0.4 m, separation = 0.6 m

3.

2.12 108 ms1

3.

B, C

5.

(i) no change (ii) increase

4.

On the object itself

5.

90 cm from the lens towards right

6.

(i) D

7.

(i) 0 = 600 nm, n = 1.5

(ii) i = sin 1 (0.75) = 48.59

8.

(r/R) max = 1/2

9.

10.

= 3 i + 2 2 1 k
j
r
5
2
5 2

(ii) C, D

4.

30 cm

6. (i) Light must travle from denser to rarer medium (ii) i > C
7.

f/2

8. 5 cm

11.

Focal length increases

10.

45

(iii) A

12. (i)

changes the direction by 180

(angle of incidence = 60, r = 45)

11.

m = 4/3
(ii)

changes the direction by 90