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Department of Anatomy, Government Medical College, 1Patiala. 3Amritsar. 2Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, SGRD
Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Amritsar.
Introduction :
The two orbital cavities are situated on either
side of the sagittal plane of the skull between the
cranium & the skeleton of the face. Thus situated,
they encroach about equally on these two regions.
(Last, 1968). Each orbital cavity essentially is
intended as a socket for eye-ball & also contains
associated muscles, vessels, nerves, Iacrimal
apparatus, fascial strata & soft pad. In nutshell it
lodges the visual apparatus. (Williams et al, 1999)
This is an anatomical region which is of clinical &
surgical interest to many disciplines like
ophthalmology, oral & maxillofocial surgery &
neurosurgery. The present paper is designed to
discuss the bony orbit in detail which will help not
only the anatomists but also the students of allied
disciplines.
Each bony orbit is made up of 7 bones namely
maxilla, palatine, frontal, zygomatic, sphenoid
ethmoid & lacrimal so arranged to enclose a roughly
quadrilateral pyramidal cavity with base directed
forwards,
laterally
&
slightly
downwards
corresponding to orbital margin & apex directed
postero medially & situated at medial end of
superior orbital fissure, optic foramen or at the bar
of the bone between these 2 apertures (Whitnall
1921) Its comparison with a quadrilateral pyramid is
a rough one because the floor doesnt reach the
apex & so cavity is triangular in section in this
region. (Last, 1968)
Also, since the orbit is developed around the
eye, it has a tendency towards being spheroidal in
form, and its widest part is not at the orbital margin
but about 1.5 cm. behind this. Moreover, this results
in the fact that its four walls are for the most part
separated from each other by ill-defined rounded
borders, so that Whitnall, 1921 compares the shape
of the orbit to a pear whose stalk is the optic canal.
It is important to note that the medial walls of the
two orbits are almost parallel, whereas the lateral
Bony Orbit
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OFFICE BEARERS AND EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE MEMBERS OF ASI FOR THE YEAR 2001
President
Vice President
Editor
Dr. V.V. Gopichand Patnaik (Patiala) for three years (2001, 02 & 03)
Joint Editor
General Secretary
Dr. G.S. Longia (Jhansi) for three year (2001, 02 & 03)
Joint Secretary
Treasurer
11.
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