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Save land area & take full use of underground space to raise more
parking numbers.
It has advantages of steady operation, low noise, fast operative speed &
short time of parking.
Literature Review
Demand for Parking Infrastructure
Presently demand for cars going up at the rate of 15% per annum
Presently 15 lacs being sold every year
Making roads more expensive than parking infrastructure
Cars being parked on roads causing traffic congestion and pollution
Study- Pollution in ramp based parking structures
Emission Analysis for a 924 space Ramp type conventional Parking Garage
(Taking into consideration the number of cars and lot size for a conventional
garage on a proposed site)
924 car garage
Footprint = 150' x 270'
8 levels
Use of express ramps
Assuming one turn per day per stall
Average Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) (assuming travel to mid-point at 4th
level) per car per day to park and to exit
= 5280': ( [2x 240'+ 2x 90'] x 4 levels) x 2 for entry & exit
Assuming 275 days /year
Conservatively speaking:
THE TOTAL AVERAGE NUMBER OF VEHICLE
MILES TRAVELED (VMT)/YR. = 254,100 miles/year
Conversion To Pollutants Emitted Per Year:
Hydrocarbons: 3.3 grams / mile = 838,530 grams = 1,847 lbs. of HC / Y
Carbon Monoxide: 25.5 grams / mile = 6,479,550 grams =14,272,137 lbs. =
7,136 tons of CO / Y
Nitrogen Oxides: 1.7 grams / mile = 431,970 grams = 951 lbs. of NOx / Y
Carbon Dioxide: 1 pound / mile = 254,100 lbs. or 127 tons of CO2 / Y
Gasoline: .05 gallon/ mile = 12,705 gallons gasoline / Y
Fully Automatic Multilevel Parking Systems help create a clean environment
The space saving provided by the APS, compared to the multi-story parking
garage, is derived primarily from a significant reduction in space not directly
related to the parking of the car:
Parking space width and depth (and distances between parking spaces)
are dramatically reduced since no allowance need be made for driving the
car into the parking space or for the opening of car doors (for drivers and
passengers)
No driving lanes or ramps are needed to drive the car to/from the
entrance/exit to a parking space
Ceiling height is minimized since there is no pedestrian traffic (drivers
and passengers) in the parking area, and
No walkways, stairways or elevators are needed to accommodate
pedestrians in the parking area.
With the elimination of ramps, driving lanes, pedestrians and the reduction in
ceiling heights, the APS requires substantially less structural material than the
multi-story parking garage. Many APS utilize a steel framework (some use thin
concrete slabs) rather than the monolithic concrete design of the multi-story
parking garage. These factors contribute to an overall volume reduction and
further space savings for the APS.
For the last year and a half or so, we bombarded you with news about how
many vehicles any given manufacturer sells each month. We witnessed
together how millions after millions after millions of vehicles find new owners
each year worldwide. Toyota alone, to give you an example, sells around 8 and
a
half
million
vehicles
each
year.
Naturally, the question arises: where will we park them all? We mean, the
streets aren't getting bigger, cities grow much slower in size than the sales rate
of new vehicles and yet, more and more cars keep poring onto the roads.
Many cities already battle congestion on a daily basis. Taking a one or two
hours margin when leaving for work has become part of hour daily routine.
Similarly, when returning home, minutes are lost in search of a parking space.
We're
overrun
with
cars...
The solution to all the parking problems isn't at all different than the one
envisioned by architects for accommodating the growing population: since we
can't
go
sideways,
we'll
go
up
(or
down).
Enter the automated parking systems. Also known as automated parking
garages, multi-tiered car parking systems, robotic parking or simply buildings
for cars, the solution is as simple as it is effective: cars are stacked one on top
of each other, on several levels. This solution allows, for instance, for 20 cars to
occupy the same footprint as four would have done in normal parking
conditions.
An automated parking garage can be erected on any empty lot, even in between
buildings. They come in several sizes, so a city can choose which type of garage
fits its needs best. The building itself is made of a metal skeleton which can be
covered on the outside with pretty much what ever is needed for it to fit in the
city landscape.
HOW IT WORKS
Automated parking systems make use of computers, sensors, cameras and
mechanical components to take the car, move it throughout the garage and
park it in an empty slot. The process is very simple and it requires little effort
from the driver.
There are two types of automated parking systems, depending on the manner
in which they transport the car from entry to the parking spot: horizontal
platforms or vertical lifts. In both cases, the process is very similar, with the
only thing that differs being the movement of the car until it reaches the
desired space (lateral or vertical).
In both types of systems, the car is driven into the multi-storied garage as
usual. Once positioned on the ramp, the driver shuts down the engine, secures
the parking brake and steps out of the car. While the driver does all this,
sensors analyze the vehicle to determine it's size and overall shape.
Once the driver has exited the building, the mechanical arms of the living
building are set in motion. Depending on the available empty spots in the
garage, the system determines where to take the car. Using various electromechanical components, the car is moved into the respective spot, either
vertically
or
horizontally.
For the fastest such systems, the whole process can take as little as two and a
half minutes from entry to parking the car in its spot. Most such systems are
fitted with turntables, which means that when leaving, there is no need for the
driver
to
drive
in
reverse.
Now, if your wondering how the system recognizes which car is yours, you
should know it does no guess work. Automated parking systems give you a
card or key containing a code which identifies the position of the vehicle. Once
you scan your card or key, the system finds the car and sets in motion it's
mechanical
arms
to
bring
the
car
back
to
you.
ADVANTAGES
We doubt there's any real need for us to point out the advantages of such
parking systems over existing parking lots and even over multi-storied car
parks. Automated parking systems are, if you like, the next generation multistoried car parks. Having no access ramps, automated parking occupies less
space on the ground. Space is also gained from the fact that the cars are
staked together much closer compared to usual parking lots, because they
don't require clearance for the doors to open.
Automated parking systems can help cut CO2 emissions and fuel consumption
levels because they don't require the engine to be running while the car is
moved
about
through
the
building.
Automated parking systems can be built both above or underground,
depending
on
the
available
space
in
a
given
city.
DISADVANTAGES
The disadvantages of using such systems are pretty much limited to the socalled acts of God. For instance, an earthquake can damage or even bring
down such a parking system, damaging the cars in it as well. Still, being a
mechanical gizmo, an automated parking system may from time to time fail
and scratch or damage the body of the car. Some may even go on and say you
may
get
the
neighbors
car...
Regardless of how we look at them, automated parking systems are the future
in parking. Still in their infancy, the system are somewhat common in Japan.
The US began erecting some in 2002, while in Europe such systems appeared
in cities in 2007.
Other Considerations
In addition to the space saving, many APS designs provide a number of
secondary benefits:
The parked cars and their contents are more secure since there is no
public access to parked cars.
Minor parking lot damage such as scrapes and dents are eliminated
Drivers and passengers are safer not having to walk through parking lots
or garages.
Driving around in search of a parking space is eliminated, thereby
reducing engine emissions.
Only minimal ventilation and lighting systems are needed.
Handicap access is improved.
The volume and visual impact of the parking structure is minimized.
Shorter construction time.
Applications
By virtue of their relatively smaller volume and mechanized parking systems,
APS are often used in locations where a multi-story parking garage would be
too large, too costly or impractical. Examples of such applications include,
under or inside existing or new structures, between existing structures and in
irregularly shaped areas.
APS can also be applied in situations similar to multi-story parking garages
such as freestanding above ground, under buildings above grade and under
buildings below grade.
Types of car parking
Parklifts
Special parking solutions
Comblifts
Platforms
Slim/crossparker
Parksafe
Levelparker
Multiparker
Car display tower
Duo Park Car Parking System
Two cars can be accommodated on this system-one on the ground and the
other
car
on
the
pallet
raised
above.
Safety features:
Positive locking
Emergency stop
Key lock panel
Main present control
Overload protection
Non return valve
Other features:
Robust construction
Compact design
Optimum utilization of space
Low power consumption
Aesthetic design
Quiet operation
Positive locking
Emergency stop
Key lock panel
Main present control
Overload protection
Non return valve
Other features:
Robust construction
Compact design
Optimum utilization of space
Low power consumption
Aesthetic design
Quiet operation
Parking Consultancy
We offer expertise in the fields of Commercial, Valet Parking, and Surface
Lots.We can tailor a vehicle flow management as per your parking requirement.
Our focus always is targeted goals and objectives, something that allows us to
achieve
and
deliver
the
desired
results.
We provide the consulting in following situations:
Advantages
Easy retrieval
Improvised vehicle flow
Maximize parking spaces
Optimize use of space
Low cost solutions
Safety
Driver friendly
Methodology
We considered each & every case as unique case to ensure that the customer
finds its solutions highly effective
Inquiry from Client about service We discussed the requirement of client on
basis of immediate need & future possibilities. Also understand the current
scenario & current operation mode.Feasibility Study-If required our team will
take survey of site & do the feasibility study. It helps in improvements and
alternatives.Checking of vehicle movement-If plan of site is ready then we also
checks it on soft copy for possibilities of movement of vehicles.The result will be
a comprehensive proposal with a recommended course of action.once the plan
is approved by client final documented solutions are given to client.
Technology
Operation Principle
Except the top floor, each floor has a spare parking space and front-rear guide
rails Each parking space has a pallet which moves horizontally on the guide
rail. The pallets on the top floor make up-down movements while the ones on
the ground floor make left-right horizontal movements. The other ones can
move either left to right or up and down Through continuous space shift,
parking and fetching a vehicle out can be carried out.
Character;
Can be built according to the customer s requirements from 2 to 5-layer,
multi-layer .or multi-space types are all possible
Low cost, easy maintenance
Simple demand of earthwork. Wide applicability, can be arranged and
combined according to variety landform and extensily suitable for construction
and reconstruction of overground and underground garage
Main Structure:
Steel Structure
Pallet
Moving System
Control System
Safe-guard System
Both combining and modular installation are possible, can meet all kinds of
requirements.
PLC control easy operation, convenient parking. IC card, touch screen or
button mode are all possible
Lifting system concludes Chain type, steel rope type fluid drive etc.
Three-layer type
Operation Principle
The lop pallets need only to move up and down, and the ground pallets need
only to move left to right while the middle
pallets both can make up-down and right-left move
Character
Low cost, easy maintenance
Simple demand of earthwork, suitable lor construction and reconstruction of
overground and underground garage.
Five-layer type
Operation Principle
The top pallets can move up and down while the pallets of from the second to
the fourth floor can move either left to right or up and down There la a spare
parking space on from the second to Fourth floor whose position can be
changed through the horizontal shift of the pallet Then the top pallet right over
the spare parking space can go down to the ground floor. Vehicles on the
ground pallet can go in and out of the parking system directly.
Character
Multiple parking cars to the limited parking space, save a great dear of space
PLC control, easy operation, convenient parking. IC card, touch screen, or
button mode are all possible.
4point suspending wire rope for driving system. stable movement ensure
the safely of the up and down of the vehicles.
Falling-proof system increase the safety of the system, avoid accident
Photoelectric checking system which controls vehicle standard and parking
place
Operation Methodology
The SACPS is based on storing the cars by a combination of stacking and
moving cars closer together by a variable arrangement of parking grids beside
one another. The steel structure has a carrying capacity to park sedan and
SUV types with safe lifting mechanism.
User friendly operator keypad to park in the nearest available space
When a free car slot is called, the cars will be elevated vertically and shifted
sideways in order to make space for the next user.
FULLY AUTOMATED CAR PARK SYSTEM(FACPS)
FACPS is ultimately designed for maximum space utilisation for the vertical
and horizontal storage of cars where space is not available.
FACPS structure can be included within the building structure or built
separately as a dedicated parking tower.
This system is mainly installed in high rise commercial business towers and
residential areas where safety and speed are a must.
The safety standards implemented comply with all international regulations
and standards and can be easily adjusted to the local environments.
Operation Methodology
The FACPS could be installed in either a dedicated steel
structure or concrete building, depending on the
availability of space.
The user can park the car in the designated ramp parking
area which, when is clear from all personnel, will rotate
the car in 180 degree in order to make the driving out
forward, hence eliminating the requirement of dedicated
ramps or driving lanes.
User friendly car drop-off and pick-up station allowing
unhindered access to the car doors.
Cars are moved to the nearest empty slot, hence allowing
access to new storage and retrieval of vehicles.
Fast and secure storage of cars without any user access to stored vehicles.
Parklift
Comblift
a combination of stacking and moving cars closer together compact
parking on 2 to 4 levels with just one driving lane variable arrangement
of 2 to 10 grids beside one another
independent parking
high level of operating and functional safety
easy operation with several control options
low-wear, proven hydraulic systems
Slimparker / Crossparker
The Slimparker and Crossparker are especially designed for narrow areas
between the set-back line and the building to be
arranged underground. The entrance area can be hidden into the ground with
both systems in order to provide a free passage.
semi-automatic parking systems for up to 23 cars
very small floor plan area and very slim construction (Slimparker)
below grade arrangement especially designed for the area between the
set-back line and building system can be driven over when entrance is
lowered
double row arrangement in front and behind the lift is possible
double row arrangement longitudinal and lateral to the lift is possible
no ramps and driving lanes safe for users:
no driving on narrow ramps,
no walking on dark stairs
safe for cars
no danger of damage
integrated turntable option for Crossparker(for Slimparker only, if
additional space in width will be provided)
different car heights possible, e.g. vans, different car lengths possible,
but just one length within a system high level of operating and functional
safety.
Level Parker
safe for user and cars, no driving on narrow ramps and walking on dark
stairs,
no danger of damage,theft or vandalism
no need for ramps and driving lanes
no costly illumination and ventilation
integrated turntable option
large sedan cars up to 2,5 t,e.g. Mercedes S-class and SUVs can be
parked
easy operation with different
control options:
from transponder chip to remote control
reduces exhaust emissions,
no need for driving around
searching for a parking space,
environment-friendly
automatic parking system for 50 to over 300 cars similar to a high rack
made of concrete
available as tower, pit or tower/pit version with transfer area at an
intermediate level
cost-effective construction especially for underground structures
lift-/shuttle version for wide cubes with up to 6 parking levels above each
other
multiple row arrangements with 1 or 2 rows behind each other for cars in
different length are possible
no ramps and driving lanes
safe for user and cars
no costly illumination and ventilation necessary
turning device may be arranged in the entrance area or in the lift area
new centring device for the positioning of the car in the entrance area
different car heights possible, e.g. minibuses large sedan cars up to 2,5 t,
e.g. Mercedes S-class and SUVs can be parked
interface and integration of a pay machine for parking fees in public
garages possible.
Redundancies
Security systems
Stand-by power
Sensors-motion detection
Weather conditioning
Component cleaning methods and frequency
Diagnostics and form of response to service/repair orders and
alarms
Spare parts inventory, location, re-order details
Maintenance inspection program-schedules, procedures, reports
Major component replacement program
Life-cycle data and costs
Describe
administration,
marketing
and
activity/revenue/customer use assistance; reportingformats,
responsibilities, techniques, final forms.