S.

27

Mathematics-II (May/June-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Hyderabad

Code No: A109210101/R09
II B.Tech. I Semester Examinations

May/June - 2012
MATHEMATICS-II

Set-3
Solutions

( Common to CE, CHEM, AE, BT, MMT )

Time: 3 Hours

Max. Marks: 75
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
---

1.

2.

(a)

Prove that F [f(t a)] = eias f (s) where F [f (t)] is the Fourier transform of f(t). (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.2)

(b)

Find the finite Fourier sine transforms of f(x) = x2 in (0, ). [15] (Unit-VIII, Topic No. 8.4)

2 0 1

0 6 0
. Also find the matrix of the transformation.
Diagonalize the matrix by an orthogonal transformation
4 0 2
[15] (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.3)

3.

4.

5.

(a)

x 1 in (0,1)
Obtain the Fourier series for the function f(x) =
(Unit-V, Topic No. 5.2)
1 x in (1, 2)

(b)

Find the half range sine series for f(x) = x3 in [0,2]. [15] (Unit-V, Topic No. 5.3)

A rod of length 30 cms has its ends A and B kept at 20C and 80 respectively. Until steady state conditions prevail.
If the temperature at B is suddenly changed to 60C and at A is kept at 40 same and maintained. find the temperature
at a distance x from A and at time t. [15] (Unit-VII, Topic No. 7.2)

0 1 2
1 0 3
. Also interpret the result
Determine a non-singular matrix P such that P1 AP is a diagonal matrix where A =
2 3 0
in terms of quadratic form. [15]

6.

(a)

Form the partial differential equation from, z = y f (x2 + y2). (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.1)

(b)

Solve the partial differential equation from (zp + x)2 + (zq + y)2 = 1. [15] (Unit-VI, Topic No. 6.2)

7.

2 2 3

Determine the modal matrix P and A = 2 1 6 . Verify that P1 AP is a diagonal matrix. [15] (Unit-II, Topic No. 2.3)
1 2 0

8.

(a)

Find the values of for which the equations

( 1) x + (3 + 1) y + 2z = 0
( 1) x + (4 2) y + ( + 3)z = 0
2x + (3 + 1) y + 3 ( 1)z = 0.
Are consistent and find the ratio of xyz when has the smallest of these values. What happens when has the
greater of these values? (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.2)

(b)

Solve completely the system of equations, 3x + 4yz 6w = 0, 2x + 3y + 2z 3w = 0, 2x + y 14z 9w = 0, x + 3y

+ 13z + 3w = 0. [15] (Unit-I, Topic No. 1.2)

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S.28

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

SOLUTIONS TO MAY/JUNE-2012, SET-3, QP

Q1.

(a)

Prove that F f(t a) = eias f (s) where F f (t) is the Fourier transform of f(t).
May/June-12, Set-3, Q1(a)

Answer :
For answer refer Unit-VIII, Q14.
(b) Find the finite Fourier sine transforms of f(x) = x2 in (0, ).
Answer :
Given that,
f(x) = x2 in (0, )
Fourier sine transform of f(x) is,

May/June-12, Set-3, Q1(b)

Fs [f(x)] =

f ( x) sin (nx) dx
0

sin (nx) dx

2
d 2

= x sin( nx ) dx ( x ) sin( nx )dx dx
dx

2 cos( nx)
cos nx
2 x

= x
n

n 0

x2

2
= n cos( nx) + n x cos( nx )

x2
2
d

= n cos( nx ) + n x cos( nx) dx dx ( x) cos nx.dx dx

x2
2 sin(nx )
sin(nx)
= n cos( nx) + n x n 1 n dx

x2
x2
2 x
1
2 x
1 cos( nx )

cos(
nx
)
sin(
nx
)
sin(
n
x
)
cos( nx) + sin(nx )

=
=

n n
n
n n
n
n
0 n
0
n

x2
2 x
cos( nx )
= n cos( nx ) + n n sin(nx) +

n 2 0

x2

2x
2
= n cos( nx ) + 2 sin(nx) + 3 cos( nx)
n
n

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S.29

Mathematics-II (May/June-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Hyderabad

2

2
2
2

= n cos( n) + 2 sin(n) + 3 cos( n) 0 + 0 + 3 cos 0

n
n
n

2
2
2
n
n
= n (1) + 0 + 3 (1) 3
n
n

2
2
2
(1)n + 3 (1)n 3
n
n
n

Fs [f (x)] = (1)
n

Q2.

Q cos n = (1) n

sin n = 0

cos 0 = 1

2
2

3
n
n3 .

2 0 4
Diagonalize the matrix by an orthogonal transformation 0 6 0 . Also find the matrix of the

4 0 2
transformation.
May/June-12, Set-3, Q2

Answer :
Given that,

2 0 4
0 6 0

A =
4 0 2
We know that,
The characteristic equation is,

A I = 0

1 0 0
2 0 4

0 6 0 0 1 0 = 0
0 0 1
4 0 2

2 0 4 0 0

0 6 0 0 0 = 0
4 0 2 0 0

2
0
0
6
4

4
0
2

=0

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S.30

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

Eigen Vector Corresponding to = 6

(2 ) [(6 ) (2 ) 0] 0 + 4[0 4 (6 )] = 0

(2 ) [12 6 2 + 2] + 4[24 + 4] = 0

(2 ) (2 8 + 12) + 4(4 24) = 0

22 16 + 24 3 +82 12 +16 96 = 0

4 0 4
0 0 0

4 0 4

3 + 102 12 72 = 0

Apply R3 R3 + R1

3 102 + 12 + 72 = 0

4 0 4 x1 0

0 0 0 x2 = 0
0 0 0 x3 0

= 2, 6, 6

Let x be the eigen vector corresponding to eigen

values .

x1 0

x2 = 0
x3 0

4x1 + 4x3 = 0

Ax = x

4x1 = 4x3

x1 = x3

There will be two independent solutions.

(A I) X = 0

Let, x2 = S

0
4
2
0
6
0

4
0
2

x3 = K

x1 0

x2 = 0
x3 0

x1 = K
The eigen vector is,

K
S
X 2,3 = = K
K

Eigen Vector Corresponding to = 2

4 0 4 x1 0
0 8 0 0

x2 =
4 0 4 x3 0

The two linearly eigen vectors corresponding to = 6

1
0
X2 = and X3 =
1

Thus, the modal matrix, P for transformation is given

P = [x1, x2, x3]

8x2 = 0 x2 = 0

1 1 0
0 0 1

P =
1 1 0

x1 = K

0
1

0

as,

4x1 + 4x3 = 0 x1 = x3

Let x3 = K

0
1

0

are,

Apply R3 R3 R1

4 0 4 x1 0
0 8 0 0

x2 =
0 0 0 x3 0

1
0
+S
1

|P| = 1 (0 1) 1 (0 1) + 0

x2 = 0
The eigen vector corresponding to N = 2 is,

= 1 (1) 1 (1)
=1+1=2

0
X1 =
=K
K

1

0
1

P is a non singular matrix and so P1 exists.

1
P1 = P adj P

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S.31

Mathematics-II (May/June-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Hyderabad

Now,

1 1 0

0 0 2
Co-factor of P =
1 1 0
1 0 1
1 0 1

Adj of P =
0 2 0
1 0 1
1 0 1
1

P1 =
2 0 2 0

The diagonal matrix is given by,

D = P1AP

1 0 1 2 0 4 1 1 0
1 1 0 1 0 6 0 0 0 1

=
2 0 2 0 4 0 2 1 1 0

(1 0) + (0 6) + (1 0)
(1 4) + 0 + (1 2)
(1 2) + 0 + (1 4)

1
(1 0) + (0 6) + (1 0)
(1 4) + 0 + (1 2)
(1 2) + 0 + (1 4)
=
2 (0 2) + (2 0) + (0 4)
0 + (2 6) + 0
(0 4) + (2 0) + (0 2)

2 + 0 + 4 0 + 0 + 0 4 + 0 + 2
1 2+0+4
0 + 0 + 0 4 + 0 + 2

=
2 0 + 0 + 0 0 + 12 + 0 0 + 0 + 0

1 1 0
0 0 1

1 1 0

1 1 0
2 0 2 1 1 0
0 0 1 1 6 0 6 0 0 1

1 1 0 2 0 12 0 1 1 0

(2 1) + 0 + (2 1)
(2 0) + (0 1) + (2 0)
(2 1) + 0 + (2 1)

1
(6 1) + 0 + (6 1)
(6 0) + (0 1) + (6 0)
(6 1) + 0 + (6 1)
=
2 (0 1) + (12 0) + (0 1) (0 1) + (12 0) + (0 1)
0 + (12 1) + (0 0)

2 + 0 2 2 + 0 2 0 + 0 + 0
1 6 + 0 + 6 6 + 0 + 6 0 + 0 + 0

=
2 0 + 0 + 0 0 + 0 + 0 0 + 12 + 0

0
0 2 0 0
4 0 0 4 2
1 0 12 0 0
12 2
0 0 6 0

=
=
=
2 0 0 12 0
0 12 2 0 0 6

The diagonal matrix

2 0 0
0 6 0

D =
0 0 6
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S.32
Q3.

(a)

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

Obtain the Fourier series for the function
x - 1. in (0,1)
f(x) = 1 - x.in (1, 2)

Answer :
May/June-12, Set-3, Q3(a)
For answer refer Unit-V, Q22.
(b)

Find the half range sine series for f(x) = x3

in 0, 2 .

Answer :
May/June-12, Set-3, Q3(b)
For answer refer Unit-V, Q31.
Q4.

A rod of length 30 cms has its ends A and B kept

at 20C and 80 respectively. Until steady state
conditions prevail. If the temperature at B is
suddenly changed to 60C and at A is kept at
40 same and maintained. find the temperature
at a distance x from A and at time t.
Answer :
May/June-12, Set-3, Q4
u
2u
= 2
... (1)
t
x 2
The boundary conditions are,
u(0, t) = 20C
... (2)
and u(l, t) = 80C
... (3)
Where l is the length of the rod. Under steady state
u
conditions
=0
t
Hence, from equation (1), we have,

Let

2u
= 0 u = ax +b
x 2
Now, equation (2) gives b = 20

u = ax + 20
But from equations (3) and (4), we get,
80 = la + 20

a=

60
l

u=

60 x
+ 20
l

... (4)

u(x, 0) =

60 x
+ 20
l

... (9)

Where us(x) is a solution of equation (1) satisfying

conditions of equations (5) and (6) and is called steady state
solution whereas ut(x, t) is called the transient solution which
decreases with the increase of time.
Let us(x) = px + q
Putting x = 0 and using equation (6) we get q = 40
Thus us(x) = px + 40
Putting x = l and using equation (7) we get,
60 = pl + 40
p=

20
l

us (x) =

20x
+ 40
l

... (10)

ut(x, t) = u(x, t) us(x)

So that,
ut(0, t) = u(0, t) us(0)
= 40 40
= 0 and
ut(l, t) = u(l, t) us(l)
20l

+ 40
= 60
l

=0
ut(x, 0) = u(x, 0) us(x)

... (5)

The subsequent temperature distribution is

determined from the boundary value problem (1) with
boundary conditions,
u(0, t) = 40
us (0) = 40
... (6)
And u(l, t) = 60 us(l) = 60
And the initial temperature is,

Let, u(x, t) = us(x, t) + u1(x)

[ u(x, t) is non zero]

20 x

60 x
+ 40
+ 20

l
l

From equations (8) and (10), we get,

ut(x, 0) =

40x
20
l

... (7)
Therefore, the transient solution is given by,
... (8)

ut(x, t) = (A cospx + B sinpx) e a

p 2t

... (11)

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S.33

Mathematics-II (May/June-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Hyderabad

With boundary conditions
ut(0, t) = 0
And ut(l, t) = 0
And the initial condition is,
ut(x, 0) =

... (12)
... (13)

40 x
20
l

... (14)

Now, from equation (11) A = 0

ut(x, t) = B sinpx e p t
Also, from equation (12), sin px = 0 for all n so that,
2

p=

n
l

... (15)

n = 1, 2, 3...

ut(x, t) = B sin

n x
2 n2 2 t / l 2 n = 1, 2, 3
l e

... (16)

Hence, the general solution is,

ut(x, t) = bn sin
n =1

nx
2 n2 2 t / l 2
l e

n = 1, 2, 3

... (17)

If we write t = 0 in equation (16) and then comparing equation (14),

40 x
nx
20 = bn sin
l
n =1
l
1

bn

... (18)

nx
40 x

20 sin
dx
l
l

2
=
l

2
2 40 x 20 cos nx l 40 sin nx l

=
l n l
l n 2 2 0
l l

2 40l

= n l 20 cos n (20) cos 0

bn =

2
40
20( 1) n + 20 =
( 1) n + 1
n
n

n = 1, 2 ...
Substituting value of bn in equation (17), we get,

ut(x, t) =
u(x, t) =

n =1

nx
40
2 n 2 2t / l 2
[(1)n + 1] sin
l e
n

20 x
+ 40 +
l

n =1

Writing l = 30 then u(x. t) =

... (19)

nx
40
[(1)n + 1] sin
e 2 n 2 2t / l 2
l
n
40
2x
+ 40

n =1

( 1)n + 1
n

sin

nx
e 2 n 2 2 t / 302
30

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S.34
Q5.

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

Determine a non-singular matrix P such

that P 1 AP is a diagonal matrix where

q=

0 1 2

A = 1 0 3 . Also interpret the result

2 3 0

Py 2 + zx
q=
xy

in terms of quadratic form.

qxy = Py2 + zx

May/June-12, Set-3, Q5 M[15]

Answer :

Py2 qxy + zx = 0 is the required partial differential

equation.

Unsolved.
Q6.

(a)

(b)

Form the partial differential equation

from z = y f (x2 + y2).

Solve the partial differential equation

from, (zp + x)2 + (zq + y)2 = 1.
May/June-12, Set-3, Q6(b)

Answer :

Given partial differential equation can be written as,

May/June-12, Set-3, Q6(a)

Answer :

z
Py
+
y
x

(zp + x)2 + (zq + y)2 = 1

Given that,

... (1)

Let, Z = z

z = y f (x2 + y2)

... (1)

( Z 2 )
= 2A
Z

Differentiating equation (1) with respect to x, we

get,
Now,
z
= y f ' (x2 + y2). 2x
x

P = 2xy f ' (x2 + y2)

Z Z Z
.
=
x Z x
... (2)

Z
Z

x = p, x = P

Z
= 2Zp
x

Differentiating equation (1) with respect to y, we

get,

P = 2Zp
z
2
2
2
2
y = y f ' (x + y ). 2y + f (x + y ) (1)

q = 2y2 f ' (x2 + y2) + f (x2 + y2)

Zp =

Z Z Z
=
.
y Z y
... (4)

P
2 xy

Z
y = q , y = Q

Z
= 2Z .q
y

From equation (2), we have,

f ' (x2 + y2) =

... (2)

Similarly,

... (3)

From equation (1), we have,

z
f (x2 + y2) = y

P
2

Q = 2Zq
... (5)

Zq =

Q
2

... (3)

Substituting equations (2) and (3) in equation (1), we

Substituting equations (4) and (5) in equation (3), we

get,

get,

P z
q = 2y2 2 xy +

+ x + + y = 1
2
2

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Mathematics-II (May/June-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Hyderabad

S.35

Q7.

Determine the modal matrix P and A =

Assume,
2

2 2 3
2 1 6

. Verify that P1 AP is a diagonal

1 2 0

+ x = 1 + y = l 2
2

Now , consider,

matrix.

+ x = l2
2

For answer refer Unit-II, Q12.

Modal matrix, P = [X1, X2, X3]

P
=lx
2

2 3 1

1 0 2
P =
0 1 1

P = 2 (l x)
and also,

1 + y
2

May/June-12, Set-3, Q7 M[15]

Answer :

|P| = 2 (0 + 2) 3 (1 0) 1 (1 0)

=l2

=431=8
P is a non- singular matrix and so P1 exists

+ y = 1 l 2
2

1
P1 = p adj P

Q
+ y = 1 l 2
2
Q
=
2

2 1 1
4 2 2

Factor of matrix P =
6 5 3

1 l 2 y

2 4 6
1 2 5

Adj of P =
1
2 3

Q = 2 1 l y

We know that,
dZ = Pdx + Q dy
2

dZ = 2(l x) dx + 2 1 l y dy

P1

Applying integration on both sides,

dZ = 2 (l x)dx + 2 (

dZ = 2 l dx x dx + 2

x2

lx

Z=2
2 + 2

Z = 2 lx x2 + 2y 1 l 2 y2 + C

1 l 2 dy y dy

y2
2
1 l y + C

Substitute z = z2 in the above equation, we get,

Z = 2 lx x + 2y 1 l 2 y + C
2

The diagonal matrix is given by,

1 l y dy
2

2 4 6
1 1 2 5

=
8 1

D = P1 AP

1
P AP =
8
1

2 4 6 2 2 3 2 3 1
1 2 5 2
1 6 1 0 2

1
2 3 1 2 0 0 1 1

4 8 + 6 4 4 + 12 6 + 24 0
1 2 4 + 5 2 2 + 10 3 + 12 0

=
8 2 + 4 + 3 2 + 2 + 6

3
12
0

2 3 1
1 0 2

0 1 1

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S.36

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

6 12 18
1 3
6 15

=
8 5 10 15

2 3 1

1 0 2
0 1 1

12 + 12 + 0 18 + 0 + 18 6 24 + 18
1 6 + 6 + 0
9 + 0 + 15 3 12 + 15

=
8 10 + 10 + 0 15 + 0 15 5 20 15

0
24 0
1 0 24
0

=
8 0 0 40

3 0 0

0 3 0
=
0
0 5
Thus P1AP is a diagonal matrix.
Q8.

(a)

Find the values of for which the equations,

+ 1) y + 2
z = 0
(
1) x + (3
2) y + (
+ 3)z = 0
(
1) x + (4
+ 1) y + 3 (
1)z = 0.
2x + (3
Are consistent and find the ratio of xyz when l has the smallest of these values. What happens
when has the greater of these values?
May/June-12, Set-3, Q8(a)

Answer :
Given set of equations,
( 1) x +(3 + 1) y + 2z = 0
( 1) x +(4 2) y + ( + 3) z = 0
2x + (3 + 1) y + 3 ( 1) z = 0
The above set of equations can be written in the form, AX = 0

2
1 3 + 1
1 4 2 + 3

3 + 1 3( 1)
2

2
1 3 + 1
1 4 2 + 3
X=
A=
3 + 1 3( 1)
2

x 0
y 0
=
z 0

... (1)

x
y

z

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S.37

Mathematics-II (May/June-2012, Set-3) JNTU-Hyderabad

If the rank of the co-efficient matrix is less than 3 then
|A| = 0. ( Number of unknowns = 3). The given equations
will be consistent, if |A| = 0.

2x + y 3z = 0

x=y

From equation (2), we have,

|A| = 0

y 2y + 3z = 0

2
1 3 +1
1 4 2 + 3

=0
2
3 + 1 3 3

3y = 3z
y=z

x = y = z

1 3 + 1 2

3 3
0
=0
3 + 1 3 3
2

When = 0 i.e., the smallest value, x = y = z.

Case 2
For = 3, the equation (1) becomes

C3 C3 + C2

2 10 6 x 0
2 10 6 y 0

=
2 10 6 z 0

1 3 + 1 5 + 1
0
3
0

=0
2 3 + 1 6 2

(From equation (3))

3y + 3z = 0

R2 R2 R1

... (4)

2x + 10y + 6z = 0

( 1) [( 3) (6 2) 0] (3 + 1) [0 0] + (5 + 1) [0
2 ( 3)] = 0

( 1) (62 2 18 + 6) + (5 +1) (2 + 6) = 0

( 1) (6 20 + 6) + (5 +1) (6 2) = 0

63 202 + 6 62 + 20 6 + 30 102 + 6 2 =
0

63 362 + 54 = 0

6 (2 6 + 9) = 0

2 6 + 9 = 0 and = 0

= 0, 3

2x + 10y + 6z = 0
2x + 10y + 6z = 0
Thus, when = 3 i.e., the greatest eigen value then
all the equations are identical, 2x + 10y + 6z = 0
(b)

Solve completely the system of

equations, 3x + 4yz 6w = 0, 2x + 3y +
2z 3w = 0, 2x + y 14z 9w = 0, x + 3y +
13z + 3w = 0.
May/June-12, Set-3, Q8(b)

Answer :

Given system of equations are,

3x + 4y z 6w = 0
2x + 3y +2z 3w = 0

Case 1

2x + y 14z 9w = 0

For = 0, the equation (1) becomes

0
1 1
1 2 3

2
1 3

x + 3y + 13z +3w = 0

x 0
y 0
=
z 0

Here,

x + y = 0

... (2)

x 2y + 3z = 0

... (3)

3
2

A = 2

6
3
2
3
1 14 9 X =

3 13
3
4

x
y

z

w

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S.38

Spectrum ALL-IN-ONE Journal for Engineering Students, 2012

The matrix form of the given system of homogeneous

equation is given by,
3
2

AX = 2

1
3
2

A = 2

6
3 2
3
1 14 9

3 13
3
4

x
y

z = 0

w

6
3
2
3
1 14 9

3 13
3
4

Applying row elementary transformation to get the

echelon form of matrix A.
R1 R4
1
2

A = 2

3
3
2
3
1 14 9

4 1 6
3

R3 R3 2R1
R4 R4 3R1
13
3
1 3
0 3 24 9

= 0 5 40 15

0 5 40 15
R3
R2
R4
, R3
, R4
5
3
5
1
0

= 0

The rank of A is 2 i.e., P (A) = 2

The given system of equation possess non-trivial
solution as P (A) < n. Where n is number of unknowns.
The number of independent solution is = n r = 4 2 = 2
Therefore, the homogeneous solution of the above
system of equation is represented by,

13

R2 R2 2R1

R2

The rank of A is equal to the number of non-zero

rows in the echelon form.

1
0

3 13 3
8 3
0 0 0

0 0 0
1

x
y

z = 0

w

x + 3y + 13z + 3w = 0

... (1)

y + 8z + 3w = 0

... (2)

Let, z = k, w = l

y + 8k + 3l = 0

(From equation (2))

y = 8k 3l
x + 3 (8k 3l) + 13k + 3l = 0
x 24k 9l + 13k +3l = 0
x 11k 6l = 0
x = 11k + 6l
The solution is,
x 11k + 6l
y 8k 3l

z =
k

l
w

3 13 3
8 3
1 8 3

1 8 3

R3 R3 R2 , R4 R4 R2
1
0

= 0

3 13 3
1 8 3
0 0 0

0 0 0

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