Claudia Stanila

Conditionals
1.

Rules for using the conditional

a. Attach to the condition followed by the result that would occur should the
condition be satisfied
= [Condition] + + [Result]
b. State-of-being must be made explicit
= [State-of-being] + + [Result]
Meaning
If A happens, B will happen as a natural consequence. It is the natural consequence
conditional.
Examples

If you drop the ball, it will fall.

If you turn off the lights, it will get dark.

2.

Rules for using the contextual conditional

a. Attach to the context in which the conditional would occur
= [Assumed Context] + + [Result]
b. You must not attach the declarative .
Meaning
You can use this particle to express what will happen given a certain context or explaining
what would occur if you assume a certain condition is satisfied. It is the contextual
conditional.
Examples

If given that everybody is going, then I'll go too.

If given that Alice-san says so, there's no problem.

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3.

Conjugation Rules for

a. For verbs: Change the last /u/ vowel sound to the equivalent /e/ vowel sound and
attach
Examples

b.

c.

For i-adjectives or negatives ending in : Drop the last and attach
.
Examples


For nouns and na-adjectives: Attach
Examples

Meaning
It is a type of conditional that just expresses a regular "if" condition without any
assumptions or embedded meanings.
Examples

If I can meet with my friend, we will go shopping.

If I had money, it would be good, huh?

If it's fun, I'll go too.

If it's not fun, I'll also not go.

If you don't eat, you will become sick.

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4.

Conjugation Rule for

First change the noun, adjective, or verb to its past tense and attach
Examples



Meaning
It is the past conditional because it is produced by taking the past tense and just
adding . Like the conditional, it is also a general conditional.
Examples

If I am free, I will go play.

If you're a student, you can buy with a student discount.

means "if" . If you want to say a conditional, you need to use one of the
conditionals discussed above. is really a supplement to add a sense of
uncertainty on whether the condition is true. For instance, you might use it when you
want to make an invitation and you don't want to presume.
Examples

If, by any chance, it's ok with you, want to go watch a movie?

If given that there's no time, tomorrow is fine as well (not certain whether there is no
time).