Situation Analysis:

The regional and border conflicts with India, the socio-economic variances within the country,
the fight for sharing power between the provinces and the early death of the founder of Pakistan
Mohammad Ali Jinnah, are some of those realities which not only politicized the policy making
elites and their disposition in presenting the democratic procedures but also stimulated the nondemocratic elements in the country such as army.
As a result, even after 63 years, the country could not get cleaned from feudal, tribal, panchayat
system and sectarian segregation. Even in this gray situation the public has been left uneducated.
Pakistan get failed to establish a stable democratic government due to constitutional conflict,
political instability that ultimately curtailed the Pakistans economy and its growth.
The root cause of Pakistan political instability lies in its feudal and the winner-take-all approach
to governing that has been practiced by successive civilian and military leaders. The Muslim
League that brought independence to Pakistan also lacked internal democracy. There were no
opposition party to counter Muslim League initially, but later on, Muslim league itself was
disappeared. The civil and military bureaucracy that was of much importance due to its scarce
number, gained so much power that they depressed the political institution. Hence, the
constitution-less 10 years history from 1947 to 1956 was an unpleasant exercise of the political
actors, which appealed the military to interfere in the politics.
Absence of a complete constitution, allowed the peoples with authority to deploy the political
and constitutional institution, as per there desire. Different powerful civil and military
bureaucrats

played

wickedness

of

constitution,

parliament

and

political

parties.

Political parties in Pakistan are not working fairly. The intra party election is no to be seen yet.
The leaders are autocrats. Political parties are famous in the name of leader of the parties. This
personification

has

harmed

extremely

the

true

spirit

of

democracy.

Another support system of the state i.e. judiciary has also dual strategies all over the history. The
constitution has been abrogated many a time with the help of the judiciary.
Beside the judiciary and Armys role in politics, the intelligence agencies have become a major
actor on the national political scene. Military intelligence and Inter-Services-Intelligence (ISI)

are extensively believed to have had a major hand in influencing the candidates and the choices
presented to voters at least since General Zias general election of 1985. So in these situations a
true democratic government cannot be formed.
In addition to all above given factors, the dynamic structure of the state is also not in the favor of
democratic values to be flourished. Pakistan has been divided into provinces drawn basically on
ethnic lines. Political loyalties and attitude towards an ethnic group is always been prevalent in
Pakistan. People select their leader based on their ethnic group.
In Pakistan the concept of leadership lies in an opposite direction in comparison with true
leadership. Here, only a daughter and son of a leader can be a leader. This thing also depicts lack
of education among most of the areas. And due to this lack of education people get trapped by
the emotional appeals of politicians that end up with nothing for them.
Another element which has disturbed the democracy in Pakistan is violence in politics. The
patience require for a democratic system is highly tacking in almost all the parties and theirs
drivers. Democracy accommodates the presence of opposition party. Democracy is the product
of wishes of the people and not of the desires of an elite few. But political leaders of Pakistan
could

not

do

so.

These illiterate voters, family ties among politicians and feudalism has constrained democracy in
Pakistan.
Recommendations
Democracy can be re-energized in Pakistan by taking following steps.
1. Reform the judiciary.
2. Creation of an independent election commission.
3. Internal party elections.
4. Strengthen the free press.
5. Division of provinces.
6. Dont neglect provincial and local government.
7. Implementation of the constitutions.

8. Continuity of fair elections.

9. Protection of minorities and civil liberties.